S aipsniai / A icles 287
VICTORO.NTABO
Depa men o Languages,Ka a inaUni e si y
ORCIDid:o cid.o g/0000-0002-2618-7884
Fieldso esea ch:Cogni i eLinguis ics,EcoLinguis ics,
IndigenousLanguageEduca ion.
CATHERINEW.NDUNG’U
Depa men o Languages,Ka a inaUni e si y
ORCIDid:o cid.o g/0000-0002-9345-3388
Fieldso esea ch:Englishlanguageeduca ion,special
educa ion,AppliedLinguis ics.
DOI: doi.o g/10.35321/all91-12
EXPLORINGENDEARING
METAPHORSAMONGSWAHILI
YOUTHSINMOMBASA
COUNTY,KENYA:INSIGHTS
FROMCONCEPTUAL
MAPPINGS
Susiža ėjimąiš eiškiančiųme a o ų, a ojamų
Mombasosapsk i ies,Kenijoss ahilių
jaunuolių, y imas:įž algosiškoncep ų
žemėlapių
ANNOTATION
Endea ingme apho sa e aluable o en ichingcommunica ionand os e ingclose
and mo e meaning ul ela ionships h ough he exp ession o a ec ion and in imacy.
In e p e ingendea ingme apho scan,howe e ,bedi icul due o hei cul u aldis inc ions
andcon ex -dependen meanings.Agains hisbackd op, hiss udyemployed hep inciple
o concep ualmappings oanalyze heendea ingme apho scommonlyusedby hemale
VICTORO.NTABO,CATHERINEW.NDUNG’U
288 Ac aLinguis icaLi huanicaXCI
Swahili you hs in Mombasa Coun y o woo hei belo ed. The esea ch was ancho ed
wi hin a desc ip i e esea ch design. P ima y da a was collec ed om ou pu posi ely
sampledSwahilimaleyou hs h oughanin e iewschedule.Thecollec edda awe e hen
subjec ed o heMe apho Iden i ica ionP ocedu eV ije Uni e si ei (MIPVU)inwhich ou
anno a o swe eused oiden i yendea ingme apho s.Se enendea ingme apho s ha a e
commonlyusedby heMaleSwahiliyou hsinMombasaCoun ywe eiden i ied h ough
MIPVU. The endea ing me apho s we e hen subjec ed o he p inciple o concep ual
mappings o e eal hei meaning.Thepape e eals ha youngSwahilimeninMombasa
Coun yuseendea ingme apho s oexp essa ec ion,admi a ion,and oman icin e es in
hei belo ed.Theyalsouse heseme apho s oinspi easenseo connec ionandemo ional
in imacywhileaiminga buildinga ela ionshipbasedonca eandmu uala ec ion.The
s udyconcludes ha endea ingme apho sa euse ulcommunica ion ools,andshouldbe
in e p e edwi hin heCogni i eLinguis ics amewo k.
KEYWORDS: Endea ingMe apho s,Swahili,Concep ualMappings,Cogni i e
Linguis ics,MIPVU.
ANOTACIJA
Susiža ėjimą(meilinimąsi)iš eiškiančiosme a o osp a u inabend a imąi ska inaa -
imesniusi p asmingesniussan ykiussiekian p ie aišumoi in ymumo.Dėlšiųme a o ų
kul ū iniųski umų i nuo kon eks op iklausančių jų eikšmiųpaaiškin i me a o as ga-
libū isudė inga.A siž elgusį ai,šiame y imeanalizuojan susiža ėjimą(meilinimąsi)
iš eiškiančiasme a o as,ku iasdažniausiai a ojaMombasosapsk i iess ahiliųjaunuo-
liai,no ėdamiužkalbin imylimąžmogų, aiky askoncep ųžemėlapiųp incipas.Ty imas
a lik aspagalap ašymą.Pi miniaiduomenysbu osu ink iin e iume uiške u ių iks-
lingaia ink ųs ahilių au ybėsjaunuolių.Po osu ink iemsduomenimsp i aiky ame a-
o ųiden i ika imop ocedū aV ije Uni e si ei (MIPVU),pagalku iąke u i y imodaly iai
iden i ika o susiža ėjimą (meilinimąsi) eiškiančias me a o as. Naudojan MIPVU bu o
nus a y os sep ynios me a o os, ku ias dažniausiai a oja Mombasos apsk i ies s ahilių
jaunuoliai.Tam,kadbū ųa aizduo osšiųme a o ų eikšmės, ėliaujomsbu op i aiky as
koncep ųžemėlapiųp incipas.S aipsnyjea skleidžiama,kadMombasosapsk i iess ahilių
au ybėsjaunuoliai a ojaža ėjimosime a o asno ėdamiiš eikš imeilę,susiža ėjimąi
oman iškąsusidomėjimąmylimužmogumi.Šiasme a o asjie aippa naudojasiekdami
paska in i yšioi emocinioa umojausmą,oka ui siekdamisuku i ūpesčiui abipuse
meilepag įs ussan ykius.Ty imeda omaiš ada,kadsusiža ėjimo(meilinimosi)me a o os
y anaudingoskomunikacijosp iemonės,ku ios u ė ųbū iaiškinamoskogni y inėsling-
is ikossis emoje.
ESMINIAIŽODŽIAI:susiža ėjimą eiškiančios me a o os, s ahilių kalba, koncep ų
žemėlapiai,kogni y inėling is ika,MIPVU.
S aipsniai / A icles 289
Explo ing Endea ing Me apho s among Swahili You hs
in Mombasa Coun y, Kenya: Insigh s om Concep ual Mappings
1. INTRODUCTION
Endea ing e msplayapi o al oleinnu u ingin imacywi hin oman ic
ela ionships.These e msa ea ec iona ewo dso ph asesused oexp ess
lo eo emo ionalclosenessbe weenindi iduals,o enin oman ico in ima e
ela ionships.Theuseo hese e mso enhelps onu u easenseo connec ion
andin imacy.Acco ding oSu iT.Koi anen(2015),endea ing e msusually
se easlinguis icexp essionso a ec ionandemo ionalcloseness.These e ms,
anging omclassicendea ingslikeda ling and swee hea omo epe sonalized
nicknames,o enca ylaye so meaningunique oeachcouple(Floyd2006).
Endea ing e ms also se e as e bal ma ke s o he bond sha ed be ween
pa ne s,andhelp o os e asenseo wa m handconnec ion.Koi anen(2015)
alsono es ha inin ima e ela ionships,endea ing e msc ea easa espace
whe e ulne abili yisemb acedandlo eisopenlyceleb a ed.
Beyondme ewo ds, heuseo endea ing e msinin ima e ela ionships
e lec sadeepe unde s andingo oneano he ’semo ionalneedsanddesi es
(Floyd, Ri o gia e 2008). These e ms also ac as gen le eminde s o he
admi a ionandapp ecia ionpa ne shold o eacho he whichhelps o ein o ce
he ounda ion o mu ual espec and a ec ion. Whe he whispe ed so ly
du ingmomen so in imacyo casuallywo enin oe e ydaycon e sa ions,
endea ing e ms se e as cons an a i ma ions o lo e and de o ion (ibid.).
These e msa ealso undamen alinen iching heemo ionallandscapeo he
ela ionshipands eng hening hebondbe weenpa ne s.Thep esen s udy
seeks oes ablishhowo ena ec ionisenac ed h ough heuseo e mso
endea ing.Thisismo i a edbyKoi a en(2015)whoa gues ha heuseo
e mso endea ingisana ea ha hasno beenadequa elys udied.
Among heSwahilicommuni yinMombasaCoun y,endea ing e msa e
no jus linguis ic oolsbu cul u alexp essionsdeeplyembeddedin he ab ic
o omance.Acco ding oJaneM.Omba iandPhilesN.Onchieku(2021),
maleyou hsamong heSwahiliinMombasaCoun y,o enemploya icha ay
o endea ing e ms owooandcha m hei belo ed.These e ms, anging om
heclassichabibi(belo ed) omo ecolloquialexp essionslikekidege (ali le
bi d)se easpoe icdecla a ionso lo eandde o ion ha esona ewi h he
melodious hy hmso heSwahililanguage.
The use o endea ing e ms by male you hs also e lec s no only hei
oman icin en ionsbu alsoadeepapp ecia ion o he adi ionso cou ship
and omance.Addi ionally, hese e msa eemployedwi h inesse ocap u e
heessenceo Swahili omancewhe eges u eso a ec iona ein e winedwi h
hebeau yo language.Th ough heuseo endea ing e ms,maleyou hsin
MombasaCoun yexp ess hei desi e o o gemeaning ulconnec ionswi h
VICTORO.NTABO,CATHERINEW.NDUNG’U
290 Ac aLinguis icaLi huanicaXCI
hei belo edbyd awinguponcen u ies-oldcul u alp ac ices ona iga e he
in ica ejou neyo lo eandcou shipin hei communi y.
Acco ding oKoi anen(2015),endea ing e mso eneme geasme apho ical
exp essions.These e mso en anscendme ewo ds.Theyemployme apho s
o e lec hedep h o a ec ionsha edbe weenpa ne s. Theme apho ical
language o en ele a es he o dina y in o he ealm o he ex ao dina y,
in usinge e ydayin e ac ionswi hasenseo magicandwonde ,anda i ming
heuniquebondbe weenindi idualsinlo e.Acco ding oVic o O.N abo
(2022),al houghme apho sa epowe ulin hei abili y ocon eycomplex
emo ions, heycano enbechallenging oin e p e due o hei abs ac na u e.
Themeaningbehindame apho may a yg ea lydependingon indi idual
pe spec i esandcul u alcon ex s.Thiscanlead opo en ialmisunde s andings.
In e p e a ion o me apho s equi es a clea unde s anding o language and
con ex , as well as an app ecia ion o he me apho ical in en behind he
wo ds.I isagains hisbackd op ha hep esen s udysubjec sme apho ical
endea ing e msusedby heyou hsamong heSwahiliinMombasaCoun y o
hep incipleo concep ualmappings ocomp ehensi ely e eal hei meaning.
I is impo an o no e ha endea ing me apho s a e igu a i e exp essions
used ocon eya ec ionandemo ionalclosenessbycompa ingalo edone o
some hingche ishedo admi ed.Theseme apho sgobeyondli e allanguage
oe okedeepe eelings, hus,enhancing heemo ionalconnec ionbe ween
indi iduals h oughsymbolicimage y.
The s udy aims o analyze he endea ing me apho s employed by young
SwahilimeninMombasaCoun yas ools o exp essinga ec ionand oman ic
in en ions owa ds hei belo ed.Byexamining heseme apho swi hin hei
cul u alcon ex , hes udyseeks ounco e how hey e lec heemo ionaland
socialdynamicso cou shipin heSwahilicommuni y.Toachie e his, he
s udy ocusesoniden i ying hecommonlyusedendea ing e ms,de e mining
whicho hema eme apho ical,analyzing hei concep ualmappingswi hin
he amewo ko Cogni i eLinguis ics,andin e p e inghow heseme apho s
e lec he cul u al no ms and alues o lo e and cou ship among Swahili
you hs. This helps e eal how me apho ical endea ing e ms in he Swahili
con ex no onlycon eya ec ionbu also e lec deepe cul u al aluesand
cogni i epa e nsin oman iccommunica ion.
Ame apho canbede inedasa igu eo speech ha desc ibesone hing
in e ms o ano he . Acco ding oGeo ge O.Ogal,MosesG. Ga higia and
JosephN.Mai a ia(2019), hes udyo me apho acesback oancien G eece,
whe eA is o le i s explo ed heconcep inhiswo k i ledPoe ics.Howe e ,
i wasn’ un il he20 hcen u y ha me apho s udies ulybegan o lou ish
asadis inc ieldo inqui y.Theseminalwo ko linguis sandphilosophe s
S aipsniai / A icles 291
Explo ing Endea ing Me apho s among Swahili You hs
in Mombasa Coun y, Kenya: Insigh s om Concep ual Mappings
likeGeo geLako andMa kJohnson(1980)laid he ounda ion o mode n
me apho heo y.Thei insigh s e olu ionizedou unde s andingo languageby
emphasizing ha me apho sa eno me ely he o icalde icesbu undamen al
cogni i emechanisms h oughwhichwecomp ehendandconcep ualize he
wo ld.
Dalibo Pa las,OndřejV abel’andJiříKozmé (2018)de ineme apho sas
linguis icexp essions ha desc ibeone hingin e mso ano he .This,acco ding
oPa las,V abelandKozme ,isachie edbyhighligh ingsimila i iesbe ween
wo hingsandimbuing hesubjec wi haddi ionalmeaningo signi icance.
Me apho s,acco ding oMosesG.Ga higia(2014), anscend heli e almeaning
o wo dsandallowus ocon eycomplexideas,emo ions,andexpe iences
h oughsymboliclanguage.Mo eo e ,me apho s unc ionascogni i e ools,
shapingou pe cep ionsandin luencinghowwemakesenseo eali y(Naicke
2016).Byd awingpa allels be weendispa a econcep s, me apho s acili a e
unde s andingbyp o iding amilia ameso e e ence,enablingus og asp
abs ac o un amilia concep sin e mso mo econc e e, angibleimage y.
Theme apho sin hep esen esea chwe eexaminedwi hin heCogni i e
Linguis icspa adigm.Cogni i elinguis ics(CL)isamul idisciplina yapp oach
o he s udy o language ha iews language as an in eg al pa o human
cogni ion, shaped by ou expe iences, pe cep ions, and concep ual sys ems
(Janda2015).Unlike adi ionalapp oaches olinguis ics ha p io i ize o mal
s uc u es and g amma ules, CL ocuses on unde s anding how language
e lec sandin luences hewaywe hinkandpe cei e hewo ld(Onchoke2018).
A heco eo CLis hebelie ha languageisno as a icsys emo symbolsbu
a he adynamic ool o cons uc ingmeaningandunde s anding.Cogni i e
linguis so enin es iga ehowlanguages uc u essuchasme apho s,idioms,
analogy,andcoun e - ac ual easoningeme ge omcogni i ep ocesseslike
ca ego iza ion,imageschema a,andconcep ualmappingsamongo he s.
Wo hwhile o no e is ha me apho is a cen al concep in cogni i e
linguis ics(CL).Acco ding oPamelaFabe (2002),me apho is undamen alin
highligh ing hesymbolicandconcep ualna u eo languageinCL.Cogni i e
linguis s a gue ha me apho s a e no jus he o ical embellishmen s bu
undamen al mechanisms h ough which we concep ualize and make sense
o ou expe iences.Lako andJohnson(1980)alsono e ha me apho sa e
pe asi e in language and hough . Consequen ly, me apho s help o shape
howweunde s andabs ac concep sbymapping hemon omo econc e e
domains. This a gumen is bu essed by Fabe (2002) who posi s ha in
CL, me apho ical exp essions like ime is money o lo e is a jou ney a e no
jus linguis icqui ksbu e lec ionso unde lyingconcep ualmappings ha
s uc u eou unde s andingo hewo ld.Byexamininghowme apho sa e
VICTORO.NTABO,CATHERINEW.NDUNG’U
292 Ac aLinguis icaLi huanicaXCI
g oundedinembodiedexpe iencesandcogni i ep ocesses, hep esen s udy
p o ides aluable insigh s in o he in ica e ela ionship be ween language,
hough ,andpe cep ionin ela ion o heendea ingme apho susedbyyou hs
inMombasaCoun y.
The p ima y da a o he p esen s udy was d awn om Swahili you hs
in Mombasa Coun y. The Swahili people a e a di e se and cul u ally ich
communi ywhosehis o yandiden i ya edeeplyin e winedwi h heIndian
Ocean coas (Mwalewa 2018). O igina ing om a usion o Ban u-speaking
peopleswi hA ab,Pe sian,Indian,ando he A icanin luences, heSwahili
cul u e is a ib an mosaic o adi ions, languages, and cus oms (ibid.).
His o icallyknown o hei olein adeandma i imecomme ce, heSwahili
es ablishedp ospe ousci y-s a esalong hecoas ,suchasKilwa,Mombasa,and
Zanziba ,whichbecamecen eso cul u alexchangeandeconomicac i i y.
Wi hSwahilias hei lingua anca, hey acili a edcommunica ionand ade
be ween hein e io o A icaand hewide IndianOceanwo ld(Chebe -Choge
2012).Today, heSwahilipeoplea esp eadac osscoas al egionso Kenya,
Tanzania,Mozambique,ando he pa so Eas A ica,and heymain aina
s ongsenseo cul u aliden i y h ough hei language,cuisine,music,and
dis inc i e a chi ec u al s yles cha ac e ized by in ica ely ca ed doo s and
A ab-in luenceddesigns.Thei endu inglegacycon inues oshape hecul u al
landscapeo Eas A ica, e lec inga ichhis o yo he i ageand esilience.
Si ua ed along he pic u esque sho es o he Indian Ocean, he Swahili
communi yo MombasaCoun yembodiesauniqueblendo coas alhe i age
andcul u aldi e si y(Mwalewa2018).A hehea o hei iden i ylies he
Swahililanguagewhichse esasauni ying o ce ha b idgesdi e see hnic
backg oundsandhis o icalin luences.SusanChebe -Choge(2012)no es ha
ma iage i esamong heSwahilio MombasaCoun ya es eepedin adi ion.
Theya eo encha ac e izedbyelabo a ece emonies ha symbolize heunion
o amiliesand hes eng heningo communi ybonds.Impo an ono eis
ha mos youngSwahilimeno enemploya epe oi eo poe icendea ings o
woo hei belo ed.
2. THEORETICALFRAMEWORK
Analysiso heme apho ical e msemployedbymaleSwahiliyou hs owoo
hei belo edinMombasaCoun ywasguidedby hep incipleso Concep ual
Me apho Theo y(CMT),p oposedbyLako andJohnson(1980).Oneo he
basic heo e icalpilla so CMTis ha me apho sa ep ima ilyacha ac e is ic
o language ha belongs o he ealmo hinking(ibid.).CMTsugges s ha
S aipsniai / A icles 293
Explo ing Endea ing Me apho s among Swahili You hs
in Mombasa Coun y, Kenya: Insigh s om Concep ual Mappings
me apho isno jus alinguis icde icebu a undamen alcogni i emechanism
h oughwhichweunde s andone hingin e mso ano he .
Ano he undamen al ene o CMT is he p o ision ha he e a e wo
concep ualdomainswhicha e: hesou cedomain(SD)and he a ge domain
(TD).TheSDis heconcep ualdomain omwhich heme apho isd awn
while heTDis heconcep ualdomain owhich heme apho isapplied(N abo
2022).Lako andJohnson(1980)alsono e ha heSDiswha isusuallyconc e e,
angibleo physicalwhile heTDiswha isabs ac andin angible.Acco ding
oZol ánKö ecses(2005), heSDand heTDa ealsomen al ep esen a ions
inwhich heTDisunde s oodbasedon hecha ac e is icso heSD.
The exis ence o concep ual mappings be ween he SD and he TD is
ano he signi ican pilla o CMT ha o ms hebasis o hiss udy.Concep ual
mappings a e a sys ema ic se o co espondences ha exis be ween he
cons i uen elemen s o he SD and he TD (N abo 2022). The concep o
concep ualmappingsp o idesamodelo hinking ha links wole els ha
include heSDand heTDwi h he esul beingmeaning o ma ioninwhich
one hingisunde s oodin e mso ano he .Fo example,in heme apho lo e
is a jou ney,lo e( heTD)isunde s oodin e mso ajou ney( heSD).In his
case,concep slikep og ess,obs acles,anddes ina ionsa emappedon o he
expe ienceo lo e ohelpmakesenseo wha lo eisbasedon heconc e e
expe ienceo hejou ney.I is heco espondences ha a ed awnbe ween
heconc e eSDand heabs ac TD ha cons i u e hep incipleo concep ual
mappings.
3. METHODOLOGY
Thes udyadop edadesc ip i e esea chdesign.CellyneN.Anudo(2012)
asse s ha he objec i e o a desc ip i is is o p o ide an accoun o he
cu en s a eo a ai sa aspeci icmomen .Consequen ly, esea che s ocuson
ecognizing,ca ego izing,andassessing esea chphenomenain hei cu en
s a e.HosseinNassaji(2015)simila lyobse es ha desc ip i is s equen ly
s i e o un eil exis ing eali ies by p ecisely po aying a phenomenon
andi s a ibu esas i is. In he p esen s udy, hep ima yda a whicha e
heendea ing e ms ha a ecommonlyusedby hemaleSwahiliyou hs o
woo hei belo edinMombasaCoun ywe ecollec ed h oughanin e iew
schedule ompu posi elysampledmaleyou hs.Theselec edsamplewasmade
upo ou Swahilimaleyou hswhowe eknowledgeableabou hecommon
endea ing e ms used by young men o woo young women in o in ima e
ela ionships in Mombasa Coun y. The ac o o male Swahili you hs was
VICTORO.NTABO,CATHERINEW.NDUNG’U
294 Ac aLinguis icaLi huanicaXCI
conside edaninclusionc i e ion o he esea chsamplebecause,inSwahili
cul u e, adi ionalgende oleso endic a e ha youngmen ake heini ia i e
incou ingyoungwomenwhichembodies ai so b a e yandasse i eness
in pu sui o oman ic ela ionships (Mwaliwa 2018). This dynamic e lec s
his o ical no ms and socie al expec a ions, whe e young men a e cul u ally
encou aged odemons a e hei a ec ion and commi men h ough ac so
cou shipandwooing.
Thein e iewschedule,whichwasdesignedas hep ima yda acollec ion
ool,includedopen-endedques ionsaimeda explo ingbo h heli e aland
me apho icaluseo endea ing e ms.Thein e iewswe econduc edo e i e
weeks oallow o ho oughengagemen wi h hepa icipan s.Theques ions
sough o iden i y speci ic endea ing e ms, hei meanings, and cul u al
ele ance,aswellashow hese e mswe epe cei edby hei belo ed.The
pa icipan swe ealsoaskedabou heemo ionalimpac o usingsuch e msin
cou ship.Thiswasuse ulin e ealinghowlanguagein e wineswi hSwahili
cul u alp ac iceso omance.
Thes udyob ainedse enendea ing e ms ha a ecommonlyusedbymale
Swahiliyou hs owoo hei belo edinMombasaCoun y.These enendea ing
e mswe e ansla edin oEnglish oenablenon-Swahilispeake s omakesense
o hem.The esea chu ilizedNo malSen en ialT ansla ion(NST) o ansla e
ex omSwahili oEnglish.Thischoicewasin luencedbyJohnM.Kobia
(2016),whocon ends ha se e alcompellingaspec so me apho ical e msa e
easily ansla able.NSTisalsoideal o hiss udybecause he ocuso hep esen
enqui yis oe alua e heendea ing e msusedby heSwahilimaleyou hs o
un eil hesocie alandcul u alpe cep ionsabou in ima e ela ionshipsamong
he Swahili you hs in Mombasa Coun y.The s udy employed he Me apho
Iden i ica ion P ocedu e V ije Uni e si ei (MIPVU)byGe a dJ.S eene al.
(2010) oes ablish heme apho ici yo hese enendea ing e ms.MIPVUis
ame apho iden i ica ionp ocedu e ha wasde elopedbyme apho schola sa
V ijeUni e si y,Ams e dam(N aboe al.2018).Thes udyused ou anno a o s
(including he esea che s) o alida e heme apho icna u eo eacho he
se en e msusing heMIPVUp ocedu e.All ou anno a o swe eiden i ied
basedonbeinguni e si yg adua es.Conside a ion o heeduca ionalle el
quali ica ion ac o in choosing he anno a o s o his s udy was in o med
byU milaUma dian i,Supa inah andWahuyKu niawa i(2023) whoposi
ha human being’s capaci y o c i ically syn hesize abs ac in o ma ion o
objec i ely e ealmeaningissigni ican lyin luencedbyone’sle elo educa ion.
The esea che s ained he iden i ied anno a o s on MIPVU o help hem
makein o meddecisions.Asp o idedbyMIPVU,a e mwasconside eda
me apho Rela edWo d(MRW)i i scon ex ualmeaningcon as edwi hi s
S aipsniai / A icles 295
Explo ing Endea ing Me apho s among Swahili You hs
in Mombasa Coun y, Kenya: Insigh s om Concep ual Mappings
basicmeaning.Theendea ing e mswe ealsoma kedme apho icala e a
leas h eeo he ou anno a o sma kedeacho hemasame apho .Each
anno a o assigned0.25o 25% oeachendea ing e mwhichwasconside ed
me apho ical.I h eeanno a o sag eed, hes udymul iplied0.25 imes h ee
oa ain0.75whichis75%.Acco ding oLynneCame onandCh is ophe
Candlin(2003),a e mwhicha ains75%inanin e - a e eliabili y es is
ma kedno unanimousbu accep ableasame apho .Se enMe apho - ela ed
Rela ed Wo ds (MRWs) we e iden i ied h ough he anno a ion guidelines
adap ed om heMIPVU.Theiden i iedme apho swe e hensubjec ed o he
p incipleo concep ualmappings o analysis.
4. RESEARCHFINDINGSANDDISCUSSION
Thes udyiden i iedse enme apho swhicha ep esen edinTable1.1below.
Theme apho swe esubjec ed o hep incipleo concep ualmappings o e eal
hei meaning.Thep incipleo concep ualmappings,whichisakey ene o
Lako andJohnson’s(1980)Concep ualMe apho Theo y(CMT),se esas
a amewo k o unde s and how language e lec s and shapes ou cogni i e
p ocesses.I sugges s ha ou unde s andingo abs ac o complexconcep s
o en eliesonmapping hemon omo econc e eand amilia domains.This
p ocess acili a es comp ehension by g ounding abs ac ideas in angible
expe ienceso physical ep esen a ions.
TABLE1.1:Endea ingMe apho sCommonlyUsedbyMaleSwahiliYou hsin
MombasaCoun y
No. Swahili Gloss
1. Ua la wa idi Rose lowe
2. Kidege Ali lebi d
3. Ba a u wa moyo Iceo hehea
4. Asali Honey
5. Malaika Anangel
6. Dawa ya mapenzi Lo epo ion
7. Malkia Queen
Theendea ingme apho s,asindica edinTable1.1abo e,a ecommonly
usedby hemaleSwahiliyou hsinMombasaCoun y owoo hei belo ed.
VICTORO.NTABO,CATHERINEW.NDUNG’U
302 Ac aLinguis icaLi huanicaXCI
No. SD: asali (honey) TD: mpenzi (a lo e )
4. Honeyisana u alsubs ance,
ee oma i icialaddi i es.
Thissymbolizes hegenuineand
au hen icna u eo helo esha ed
be ween woindi iduals,emphasizing
since i yand us .
AsshowninTable1.5abo e,me apho (4)p esen sconcep ualmappings
ha e lec heessenceo oman ic ela ionshipswi hin hecon ex o young
SwahilipeopleinMombasaCoun y.Fo example, heassocia iono honeywi h
swee nessalignswi h hepe cep iono alo e assomeonewhob ingsjoyand
deligh in oone’sli e.AsopinedbyGa zae al.(2016),alo e iso ena adian
beacon ha ills ano he ’s hea wi h boundless joy. This concep ualiza ion
emphasizes heemo ionalaspec o lo ebypo aying hebelo edasasou ce
o happinessandcon en men .
Mo eo e , hecha ac e iza iono honeyass ickyco esponds o hesense
o closenessanda achmen inhe en in oman ic ela ionships.Thismapping
sugges sabond ha isno onlys ongbu alsoendu ingwhich e lec sadeep
emo ionalconnec ionbe weenpa ne s.Thes ickinesso honeysymbolizes he
in ima ena u eo lo e.I alsoimpliesale elo closeness ha isdi icul ose e .
Addi ionally, heassocia iono honeywi hnu i ionandsus enancehighligh s
he oleo alo e inp o idingemo ionalnou ishmen andsuppo .Jus ashoney
isasou ceo ene gyand i ali y,alo e ,aspoin edou byPaule oe al.(2017),
o enen ichesone’sli ewi hlo e,ca e,andunde s andinghencecon ibu ing
ope sonalg ow handwell-being.Finally, hepo ayalo honeyasana u al
subs ance, ee oma i icialaddi i es,unde sco es heau hen ici yo helo e
sha edbe ween woindi iduals.Thisconcep ualmappingemphasizes us and
genuinenessin oman ic ela ionships.I highligh s heimpo anceo since i y
and anspa encyin os e ingas ongandlas ingbond.I is, he e o e,clea
ha hemaleSwahiliyou hsuseame apho (4) opo aylo easasou ceo
swee ness,in imacy,nou ishmen ,andau hen ici ypa icula ly ega ding hei
belo edinMombasaCoun y.
Me apho (5) e e s oanangel.Angelisaubiqui ousendea ing e m,o en
used o con ey a ec ion o admi a ion o someone’s bene olen na u e o
lo ingac ions(Ma lowee al.2005).I usuallysymbolizes he oleo abelo ed
oneasasou ceo com o andsuppo in heli eso o he s.I susage anscends
cul u esandlanguagesandisuni e sally ecognizedasahea el exp essiono
app ecia ion o hegoodnessandg ace oundin hoseweholddea .Theuse
o he e mangel by hemaleSwahiliyou hs o e e o hei belo edonesin
MombasaCoun yis, he e o e, alid.Thus:
S aipsniai / A icles 303
Explo ing Endea ing Me apho s among Swahili You hs
in Mombasa Coun y, Kenya: Insigh s om Concep ual Mappings
(5)Mpenzi ni malaika–‘alo e isanangel’.
Me apho (5)wassubjec ed o hep incipleo concep ualmappings o e eal
i sconno a ions.Malaika (anangel)is heSDwhilempenzi (alo e )is he
co espondingTD o me apho s(5).Theco espondingin o ma ionbe ween
heSDand heTD,in hiscase,includes: i s ly, hepu i yandg aceassocia ed
wi hangelsa ecompa ablewi h hecompassionandlo eo encha ac e izedby
lo e s.Secondly,mi o ing hep o ec i ena u eo angels,whoa e hough o
wa cho e andsa egua d hoseunde hei ca e,alo e isseenasagua diano
hehea ha o e ssolace,guidance,and eassu ancein imeso need.Las ly,
likehowangelsa e e e ed o hei celes ialbeau yande he ealp esence,a
lo e isadmi ed o hei cap i a ingallu eand adian cha m.
The concep ual mappings o me apho (5) highligh he emo ional
signi icancea ached o oman ic ela ionshipsamong heyoungSwahilipeople
inMombasaCoun y.Fi s ly, hecompa isono alo e oanangelhighligh s
hepe cep iono lo e sasbeingso pu i yandg ace.Lo e so enpossess
quali ies o i ue, kindness, andcompassion ha ele a eandinspi e hose
a ound hem.Thissugges sadeepapp ecia ion o hemo alandemo ional
suppo p o idedbylo e swhosesel lesslo eandbene olen spi i se eas
sou ceso com o andencou agemen .Secondly, heme apho d awspa allels
be ween hep o ec i ena u eo angelsand he oleo lo e sasgua dianso
hehea .Jus asangelsa ebelie ed owa cho e andsa egua dindi iduals,
lo e sa eseenassou ceso solace,guidance,and eassu ancedu ing imes
o emo ional u moilo ulne abili y.This e lec s heideao lo e so e ing
emo ional secu i yand s abili ywi hin ela ionshipswhichhelps o os e a
senseo us anddependabili y.Las ly, hecompa isonbe weenlo e sand
angelse okesno ionso celes ialbeau yande he ealp esence.Byadmi ing
lo e s o hei cap i a ingallu eand adian cha m, heme apho emphasizes
heenchan ingandawe-inspi ingna u eo oman iclo e.Thissugges s ha
wi hin hecul u alcon ex o MombasaCoun y, oman ic ela ionshipsa eno
only alued o hei emo ionalsuppo andp o ec ionbu alsoceleb a ed o
hei inhe en beau yandenchan men .
Me apho (6)belowd awsacompa isonbe weenalo e andalo epo ion.
Ma ga e E.Toye(2010)a gues ha alo e canbecompa edwi halo epo ion
becausebo hlo eandalo epo ioncane okepassiona eemo ions ha eel
enchan ing and ans o ma i e. Jus as a lo e po ion can c ea e an in ense
a ac iono in a ua ion,alo e cancap i a eanddeeplya ec one’shea and
mind.Useo (6)belowby heyoungSwahilimale o e e o hei belo edis,
hence,accep able.Thus:
(6)Mpenzi ni dawa ya mapenzi–‘alo e isalo epo ion’.
VICTORO.NTABO,CATHERINEW.NDUNG’U
304 Ac aLinguis icaLi huanicaXCI
Dawa ya mapenzi (lo epo ion)is heSDwhilempenzi (alo e )is heTD
in hiscase.Toes ablish heconcep ualmeaning o (6)abo e, heconcep ual
in o ma ionin heSDwasmappedon o heco espondingonein heTDin
linewi hLako andJohnson’s(1980)Concep ualMe apho Theo y(CMT).
Thes udyes ablished he ollowingconcep ualmappings o (6)abo e:one,
a lo e po ion o en causes a eupho ic and o e whelming sensa ion o lo e
anddesi ewhichco esponds o hes ong eelingso passionandin a ua ion
o enelici edbyone’slo e ; wo,lo epo iono en ans o ms hed inke ’s
emo ionals a e,c ea ingsuddenandin ense oman ic eelings.Thisisequa ed
wi h hepowe ha alo e usuallyhas o ans o mone’smoodandou look
byb ingingjoy,exci emen ,andasenseo beingemo ionally e i alized,and;
h ee,lo epo ionno mallyc ea esasenseo c a ingo need o hepe sonone
isenchan edby.Thiscanbecompa edwi h hes ongemo ionala achmen
andlonging ha alo e o eninspi esinone’sbelo ed.
Theconcep ualmeaningde i ed om heconcep ualmappings o (6)abo e
is ha alo e has he ans o ma i epowe oe okein enseemo ional esponses.
Assugges edbySa aCan illonandKa hleenLynch(2016),abelo edo en
cap i a esone’shea esul inginanemo ionalhighsimila o ha p oduced
byapo en elixi .Thiso enmakesape son eeleupho ic,deeplyin a ua ed,
and in ensely d awn o hei lo e . The concep ual mappings o (6) abo e
alsosugges ha alo e cansigni ican lyal e one’smoodandpe spec i eby
b ingingjoy,exci emen ,andasenseo emo ional eju ena ion.Thisclaim
au hen ica esKo yFloyd’s(2006)posi ion ha hep esenceo one’slo e can
in useli ewi hnew oundhappinessand i ali y.Alo epo ionisalsoknown
ogene a eac a ing o hepe sononeisenchan edby(Toye2010).The eis
no mallydeepyea ning ha usuallyaccompanies oman iclo e.I is, he e o e,
clea ha abelo edbecomesanindispensablesou ceo emo ional ul ilmen
o one.
5. CONCLUSIONS
Thes udyconcludesin he ollowingmanne basedon he esea ch indings:
Endea ing me apho s play a signi ican ole in enhancing communica ion
amongSwahiliyou hsinMombasaCoun y.The me apho sa epa icula ly
use ulinexp essinga ec ionandemo ionalcloseness.Theseme apho sno
only acili a e hea icula iono oman ic eelingsbu alsose e os eng hen
he emo ional bond be ween pa ne s by allowing o bo h uni e sally and
cul u ally ele an exp essionso lo e ha esona edeeplywi hin hei social
con ex . Addi ionally, by employing he p inciple o concep ual mappings,
S aipsniai / A icles 305
Explo ing Endea ing Me apho s among Swahili You hs
in Mombasa Coun y, Kenya: Insigh s om Concep ual Mappings
he esea chillus a eshow heseme apho sse easb idgesbe weenabs ac
eelings and angible exp essions, hus, enabling indi iduals o a icula e
complexemo ionsinacul u ally esonan manne .Themappingsno only
illumina e hecul u alandemo ionalcon ex s ha shape heuseo a ec iona e
e msbu alsohighligh hedynamicna u eo heSwahililanguageasi e ol es
o e lec hein icacieso human ela ionships.
In he con ex o he Swahili language, he use o endea ing me apho s
eme ges as a powe ul means o communica ing lo e and a ec ion. These
me apho icalexp essionsen ichin e pe sonal ela ionshipsbywea ing oge he
cul u al aluesandemo ionaldimensions.Thisallowsindi iduals ocon ey
hei eelingsinways ha esona edeeplywi h hei pa ne s.Thes udyalso
concludes ha endea ingme apho sa eno me elydeco a i elanguagebu
essen ialcomponen so heSwahililexicon ha encapsula e hebeau yand
complexi y o oman ic exp ession. Thus, he e ec i e use o me apho ical
languagein heSwahilicon ex se esasa es amen o hep o oundconnec ions
ha lo eanda ec ion o gewi hin hecul u al ab ico MombasaCoun y.
6. RECOMMENDATIONS
The s udy ecommends he useo he p inciple o concep ual mappings
oin e p e emo ionalme apho ssuchas heendea ingones.Thisp inciple
p o ides deepe insigh s in o how abs ac emo ions a e s uc u ed and
unde s ood h ough mo e angible and amilia expe iences. Concep ual
mappingsalsohelp ounco e hecul u alandcogni i epa e ns ha in luence
emo ionalexp ession,hence,enhancingc oss-cul u alcommunica ion.
Mo eo e ,s udyingemo ionalme apho ssuchasendea ing e msusing he
Cogni i eLinguis ics(CL) amewo kis ecommended.ThisisbecauseCLallows
o acomp ehensi eanalysiso how hese e ms e lec unde lyingcogni i e
p ocessesandcul u alin luences.Thisapp oachcan e eal heme apho ical
and concep ual s uc u es ha shape a ec iona e language which helps o
enhanceou unde s andingo howpeopleexp essin imacyandconnec ion.
Mo eo e ,CLp o ides aluableinsigh sin o hedynamicin e playbe ween
language, hough ,andsocialin e ac ion, hus,o e ingp ac icalapplica ionsin
communica ionand ela ionships udies.
VICTORO.NTABO,CATHERINEW.NDUNG’U
306 Ac aLinguis icaLi huanicaXCI
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Susiža ėjimąiš eiškiančiųme a o ų, a ojamų
Mombasosapsk i ies,Kenijoss ahilių
jaunuolių, y imas:įž algosiškoncep ų
žemėlapių
SANTRAUKA
Ty imome ubu onag inėjamossusiža ėjimąiš eiškiančiosme a o os,ku iasdažniau-
siai a ojas ahiliųjaunuoliaiMombasosapsk i yje,no ėdamiužkalbin isa omylimąją.
Ty imepažymima,kadšiosme a o osy alabais a biosska inan in ymumą oman iškuose
san ykiuose.Me a o osy ažodinėmeilėsi emocinioa umoiš aiška,s ip inan ipa ne-
ių yšį.Mombasosapyga doss ahiliųjaunuolių a pe ie inėssusiža ėjimąiš eiškiančios
me a o os u igilųkul ū inįkon eks ą,ku iss ip inapa ne ių yšį.Tokiosme a o oskaip
habibi (mano mylimasis, -oji)i moyo wangu (mano ši dis)dažnai a ojamosp ie aišumui
iš eikš i.Be o,susiža ėjimąiš eiškiančiųme a o ų a ojimaspadedaku isaugiąe d ę,
ku iojea i ai eiškiamameilėi p iimamaspažeidžiamumas.Me a o os aippa p ime-
naabipusįsusiža ėjimą.Pas ebė a,kadMombasosapsk i iesjaunuoliai,no ėdamiiš eikš i
meilęi oman iškuske inimus, a ojapoe iniusp ie aišumožodžius,kylančiusiš eikš-
mingųkul ū inių adicijų.Šiosme a o osįp as usposakiuspa e čia im aispa eiškimais
aipsuku damosbend ąemocinį kolo i ą, a spindin įunikaliąs ahilių oman ikos dina-
miką.Šiame y imeme a o osbu oanalizuojamospe koncep ualiosiosme a o os eo i-
josp izmę.Išnag inė a,kaipjosa spindikul ū iness ahiliųgalan iškumosub ilybeska -
ua skleisdamoskalbos,min iesi adicijųsą eiką.Duomenysbu osu ink iin e iusu
s ahiliųjaunuoliaisme u.Jiea skleidė,kaipme a o ospe eikiameilęka uišpildydamos
S aipsniai / A icles 309
Explo ing Endea ing Me apho s among Swahili You hs
in Mombasa Coun y, Kenya: Insigh s om Concep ual Mappings
i kul ū iniusmeilika imolūkesčius.Taipab ėžiakalbos aidmenį o muojan oman ikos
su okimąbend uomenėje.
Ty imome ubu onus a y osi išanalizuo ossep yniossusiža ėjimąiš eiškiančiosme-
a o os,ku iasdažniausiai a ojas ahiliųjaunuoliai,no ėdamiužkalbin isa omylimąją.
Suda iuskoncep ųžemėlapiusnus a y a,kad am ik oss i ys, okioskaipgėlės,paukščiai,
ledasi medus,y ame a o ųiš akųs i ys,ku ioseabs akčiosmeilėsi susiža ėjimosą o-
kosg indžiamospažįs amais aizdais.Pa yzdžiui,me a o ajauna mo e is y a ožės žiedas
emiasig ožio,g akš umoi š elnumoasociacijomis,a spindinčiomiss ahiliųjaunųmo-
e ųpa auklumoi pažeidžiamumosą oką.Panašiaime a o ajauna mo e is y a paukš elis
iš yškinaelegancijos,nep iklausomybėsi nekal umob uožus,omylimoji y a ši dies ledas
suponuoja amybę, i umąi paslap ingumą, .y.ypa ybes,ku iass ahilių y aisiejasu
oman iškaissan ykiais.Galiausiai,kalban apiemylimąžmogųkaipapiemedų,iš eiškia-
mossaldumo,p isi išimoi mais oypa ybės,simbolizuojančios oman iškųsan ykių ei-
kiamąšilumąi pas o umą.Kiek iename a o ai a i inkamikoncep ųžemėlapiaia spindi
kul ū ines e ybesi emocinįgylį,ku įšiejaunuoliaip iski iameileii meilėssan ykiams,
aizduodamisa omylimąsiaskaippuoselėjamas,g akščiasi ža iais a biasjųgy enimo
igū as.Taigišisme a o ų y imaspab ėžias ip ųpe kel inėskalbospo eikįiš eiškian su-
dė ingusmeilėsjausmusi a skleidžiakul ū iniupožiū iupag įs ąMombasoss ahiliųjau-
nuolių oman ikospe spek y ą.
Į eik a2024m. ugpjūčio5d.
VICTORO.NTABO
Depa men o Languages, Ka a ina Uni e si y
P. O. Box 1957-10101
Ka a ina, Kenya
n abo ic [email p o ec ed]om
CATHERINEW.NDUNG’U
Depa men o Languages, Ka a ina Uni e si y
P. O. Box 1957-10101
Ka a ina, Kenya
cwai he [email p o ec ed]om
