101s aipsniai / a icles
aLdonas PuPkis
Ins i u e o Li huanian Language
Resea ch a eas: phone ics o Li huanian language, heo y and p ac ice
o language cul u e, dialec ology, his o y o Li huanian language.
P anas ska džius i didysis
Li huanian language wo ds1
P anas Ska dis and he g and
Dic iona y o he Li huanian Language Anno a ion This a icle examines he ela ionship be ween
he amous Li huanian dic iona y P ano Ska džis and he la ge Li huanian language dic iona y and
i s edi o Juozu Balčikoniu, which began o be p epa ed in he la e 1930s. he ci cums ances
su ounding he appoin men o a dic iona y edi o a e in e p e ed in a new way, he la e wishes
and e o s o he sc ibe o imp o e he dic iona y a e shown, he demands o accep his
p o ec ed w i ing and he willingness o ake o e he dic iona y edi o 's place unde a o able
condi ions. I is s a ed in he a icle ha he discussion o amous speake s g adually u ned in o
an ambi ious wa o e mino spelling issues. I is concluded ha he Teaching Suppo Commission,
se up in 1942 o imp o e he p epa a ion o he dic iona y, al hough i accep ed good p oposals,
app o ed he main p o isions o he balcony on he ype o dic iona y and o he p inciples o
dic iona y p epa a ion. The s ubbo nness o he balchicon and he his o ical ci cums ances led o
he ac ha he i s and second olumes o he dic iona y we e edi ed acco ding o he
p inciples o he balchicon and published in he w i ing used a ha ime.
The a icle add esses he ela ions o he well-known Li huanian linguis P anas Ska džius wi h he G and
Dic iona y o he Li huanian Language, he compila ion o which began a he end o 1930, and i s edi o
Juozas Balčikas. This a icle p o ides a new in e p e a ion o he ci cums ances o he appoin men o
he dic iona y edi o and shows he la e wishes and a emp s.
he main wo ds: his o y o Li huanian linguis ics, lexicog aphy, dic iona y o he
Li huanian language, dic iona y, w i ing.
keyWo ds: his o y o Li huanian linguis ics, lexicog aphy, Dic iona y o he
Li huanian Language, ca d index o he dic iona y, spelling
Linguis ica Li uaniana Ac LXVII o imp o e he dic iona y, his eques s o app o e he spelling
aLdonas PuPkis
p omo ed by him and o ake o e he o ice o he dic iona y edi o when he ci cums ances a e
igh . he a icle asse s ha he discussions o he amous linguis s g adually e ol ed in o he
wa o ambi ions on mino spelling issues. I is concluded ha al hough he scien i ic auxilia y
commission se up in 1942 o he imp o emen o he compila ion o he dic iona y exclusi ely
adop ed some good p oposals, i ne e heless app o ed he p incipal balchikon posi ions on he
ype o he dic iona y and o he undamen al p inciples o he compila ion o he dic iona y.
balčikonis’ pe sis ence and his o ical ci cums ances de e mined ha olume i and olume ii
o he dic iona y we e edi ed unde he p inciples es ablished by balčikonis and published in
he spelling used a ha ime.
I is app op ia e o speak and w i e abou he ela ionship be ween he amous 20 h-cen u y
Li huanian linguis P o . P ano Ska džis and he g ea Li huanian-language dic iona y because no wo k
has ye been published on his issue, and he p oblem has indeed been complex and complica ed. The
ollowing is a lis o a icles published in he Jou nal o he Ame ican Academy o Pedia ics (AAP) by D .
John W. Schwa z, au ho o he book, "Science and Medicine in he Age o Cance : A New App oach o
Disease Con ol and P e en ion" (Science and Medicine: A New App oach o Disease Con ol and
P e en ion), published in he Jou nal o he Ame ican Academy o Pedia ics (AAP) by D . John W.
Schwa z and D . John W. Schwa z. Fo he i s ime, his a icle, based on he consis en analysis
o he a o emen ioned discussions, he s a emen s o o he au ho s published in he li e a u e, he
ecollec ions o con empo a ies and especially he newly ound a chi al documen s, ies o
syn hesize he a ailable ma e ial and a new in e p e a ion o he his o y o he p epa a ion o he
Li huanian language o ha pe iod. As you know, a e he dea h o Kazimie Bougas, he p epa a ion
o he Li huanian dic iona y was comple ely s opped o se e al yea s. I doesn' mean ha he legacy
o he bubble ocabula y wasn' hough o a all. In 1925, he las assis an o he d um, he s uden
sec e a y o he dic iona y, An anas Salys, ca ied ou an accoun ing o he d um a chi e and
published he esul s in he collec ion o scien i ic wo ks People and he Wo d (disc 1985: 136 […] 154). The
Facul y o Humani ies o he Uni e si y o Li huania in e ened due o c i icism in he p ess ha he
dic iona y a ai s we e no mo ing o wa d. On Sep embe 14, 1926, he Facul y Council held a mee ing
o discuss he Li huanian language ocabula y. Acco ding o he dean o he acul y, Vinco
K ė ės-Micke ičius, he Minis y o Educa ion o de ed o ake ca e o he ocabula y ma e s so ha
he a o emen ioned claims we e no based on se ious ac s, and i was shown ha Ul ydas was a
ha ime a s uden o he Jesui gymnasium, began o s udy a he uni e si y only in 1930, and he
ha dly knew hese hings di ec ly om hose eika2kasas (d. g adua ed om Vilnius II Gymnasium,
s udied philology a he Uni e si y o S . Pe e sbu g. A e he wa he wo ked in he e minology
commission, in 1926 he g adua ed om he Uni e si y o Li huania (classical languages and Li huanian
s udies). wo ked as a eache o ancien languages in a ious schools, om 1926 o 1932 a he
uni e si y augh classical languages and he Li huanian language (no o specialis s). He ansla ed
P anas ska džius i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
On he p oposal o he dean, he council o med a ce ain commi ee: he chai man was
Jonas Jablonskis, he membe s we e Balčikonis, An anas Sme ona, Al edas Senas (senn)
and K ė ė-Micke ičius. The chai man was o de ed o pay a sala y o 800 li as pe mon h
(cVa . 4, ap. 817, lp. 7). La e , money was also used o buy u ni u e. The commission
o de ed o inspec he balcony. On Oc obe 2, 1926, he p esen ed his epo o he
commission. A he end o i i says ha he d awe s in which he dic iona y [i.e. he
dic iona y ile] is loca ed [A.P.], a e e y small, made o une en boa ds, wi hou good
sewing, all o e he place. he Commission conside s ha a dic iona y should be p o ided
while i is unde supe ision. A man like ha , meanwhile, is being wa ched by M . Kepala.
jam a si as edak o ius, eip padė i, kad jis nedulkė ų, nep ažū ų i nesuges ų“ (bal-
čikonis 1978: 47). P ie p anešimo y a p ie ašas, kad spalio 13 d. komisija nusp en-
dusi p adė i da bą. „ am da bui samdomas žmogus, ku is u ė ų di b i komisijos
he dean is esponsible o consul ing him and he Minis y o Educa ion on wo king
condi ions (also). I didn' ge a chance o ind ou . Howe e , he ac ha no candida e
a bu o pasamdy as di b i kazys kepalas, kiek kokio da bo minė a komisija
was nomina ed o he posi ion o edi o o he dic iona y a ha ime, and he e o e
no candida e o he posi ion o edi o o he dic iona y was on he commi ee's
agenda, emains o g ea impo ance om he balchic epo . Ne e heless, a e ou
yea s, Balchikonis was appoin ed edi o o he dic iona y. Un il now, i was w i en in
he li e a u e ha Balčikonis was he only candida e o be appoin ed edi o o he
dic iona y. Fo example, Vy au as Vi kauskas cau iously claimed: "The e was p obably
no o he pe son who could compile a g ea dic iona y o he Li huanian language"
(Vi kauskas 1986: 186). Ano he sou ce (Pupkis 2010: 150) indica es ha in he 1980s, when
he Ins i u e o Li huanian Language and Li e a u e was conside ing he publica ion o
he Rink inių aš ų balčikonio, i was said by kazio ul ydo ha he Li huanian dic iona y
had no been eplaced by any compe ing edi o s, and o he local linguis s knew abou i .
In ac , as he new a chi al documen s show, hese s a emen s should be subs an ially
e ised.
he ch es oma ics o he wo ks o La in au ho s in o Li huanian and published a icles on e minology.
A he end o Wo ld Wa II, she mo ed o he Wes . 3 This s a emen is con i med by la e hough s o
Kacio Ul ydo: […] and i is no known how much mo e his [kazimie 's bow] wo k would ha e emained
unchanged i i we e no o he e o s o J. Balčikon o con inue i , in gene al, i he e had no been a
man like J. Balčikon a ha ime. [...] he a gued ha he Li huanian na ion needs a dic iona y o li e, ha
i is necessa y o con inue he wo k begun by K. Bugas" (ul ydas 1987: 5).
104 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII he lips o he people pa icipa ing in he
aLdonas PuPkis
mee ing. Vi kauskos guess was also no based on any speci ic ac s.
The ac ha he e we e also clea doub s in he p ess a he ime abou he
appoin men o he edi o o he dic iona y o he balchikon will also shine a ligh on
bo h in o man s […] ul ydo and Vi kausko […]. In his espec , i is qui e in o ma i e
s aipsnis (Valys 1930), įdė as į 1930 m. Lie u os žinių dien aš į lapk ičio 27 d., ai
y a p ieš pa o icialiai g uodžio 1 d. paski ian žodyno edak o iumi balčikonį.
ha on he Valio signed name i is w i en, ha he wo k o he dic iona y is es ed p.
doc. b. (ob iously, i has balchikonis in mind). The wo k o he enewed dic iona y is one
o be ejoiced in, bu i does no seem o inco po a e all he bes o ces o ou
speake s. M . B. is a good s ylis , bu , in he au ho 's opinion, i 's no enough o keep
he dic iona y busy. We don' ha e people like ha o his o ical and linguis ic
compa a i e wo k, so we should in ol e he young o ces o linguis s, uni e si y
p o esso s. The su ende o he wo d p. b. žiniai is he sup eme ecogni ion o bo h
legal and mo al igh s o one b. by ha ma k [...] as i igno ing he b oade (his o ical)
linguis ic app oach o he ac s o ou language, o icially app o ing he na owe
dogma ic linguis ic posi ion o ce ain olde gene a ions (schools) o ou speake s4.
We don' need dic iona y wo ke s, bu hei quali ica ions o a wide ange o
scien i ic wo k. In doing his kind o wo k, i seems o me ha a leas we should ha e
some side e ec s, no scien i ic ones.
The au ho o his a icle has no been iden i ied. The e is no doub ha he was close o he Facul y o
Humani ies o he Uni e si y, one o he young speake s in he hall and he people a ound he sculp u e,
pe haps e en he sculp u e i sel . As is known, Ska dys e u ned o Kaunas om s udying ab oad in
Ge many a he end o 1928 and began o ead a ious language cou ses a he Uni e si y o Li huania om
he sp ing semes e o 1929. The e is no doub ha he i s discussed his uni e si y wo kload wi h he
dean o he acul y, K ä e-Micke ičius, who he e o e spoke o he Minis y o Educa ion. And appa en ly,
his and ha we e ag eed upon. This is indi ec ly con i med by a le e om he hen uni e si y lec u e
Juozas Tumo-Vaižgan as o Pe u Klimui, w i en on 29 Janua y 1929 in his exce p en i led "He e o be
quo ed". "Re o ming L. Uni e si y", w i es Tom, "I'm lea ing he all semes e no longe on he eaching
s a . In he la e 1960s, J. M. Balchiconi was in his 46 h yea , so he was a mas e o c ea i e and scien i ic
wo k. how much "dogma ic a i ude" he e was, is a ques ion o discussion, especially wi h he wo k o
lexicog aphy in mind. Acco ding o he es imony o Alexande he G ea , he e was a ce ain skep icism in
he socie y abou he appoin men o Balchikon as an edi o : a new edi o , almos unknown in he li e a u e
o he o ic, will ecommend o he public he ansla ion o one s o y, will s a edi ing he scien i ic
dic iona y o he Li huanian language. So le 's ake a look a ... When aking o e he dic iona y ile om he
uni e si y o he G eek Napali, Vince K i e said: "Now we will know who will con inue o do he dic iona y
edi ing wo k ha no one has da ed o do since hen" (ibid, 193).
P anas ska džius i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
105 a icles by a icle
The P esiden has al eady spoken o he P ime Minis e and has al eady decided o
elease me o e i emen in my uni o m. I wan o be en us ed wi h he collec ion
o place names ( he i s one I made back in 1903, see […]di a-žinynas[…], 5000 names);
ska džiui Lie . žodyną edaguo i e c. “ (Vaižgan as 1998: 215).
Ano he e y impo an documen is he "Memo andum on he dic iona y o he
Li huanian language" (nMMb s VkM . 9[…]229) signed on 10 Ap il 1929 and add essed o
he Minis e o Educa ion. The e a e h ee documen s in his case in he Na ional
Handw i ing Depa men o he Ma in Maž ydo Lib a y: a manusc ip o he sc oll
and wo examples o a ypew i e .
The memo andum s a es ha he con inua ion o he Li huanian language dic iona y as
a o m is no easible o wo easons: (1) place names and pe sonal names need o be
sepa a ed, checked, supplemen ed and published in a sepa a e dic iona y, (2) 60[…]70% o
all ma e ial s ill needs o be checked, […]because i is no w i en by many qui e
ai h ully and co ec ly[…] (ibid, 4). I will be necessa y o o ganize a wide collec ion o
new ma e ial ( o go o o eign a chi es, o example, o he oyal a chi es o he
B e kūna, Wol enbü el, Chylinski Bible, e c., as well as o Vilnius, Moscow, o he
Li huanian a chi es, o he p o ince, e c.). In o de o speed up he wo k, mo e han one
pe son is needed (and he e a e se e al commi ees o people wo king on such wo k
ab oad). he e o e, a leas a h ee-pe son commission is equi ed o app o e ou
dic iona y as well. hose membe s o he commi ee mus be people wi h he highes
scien i ic quali ica ions and he e o e hei emune a ion mus co espond o he
wo k […] (simila ly). Technical wo k (w i ing, ca aloguing, managing and checking new
wo ds, ansc ibing, ansc ibing, e c.) ini ially equi ed only wo people assigned o i :
a Li huanian sec e a y who had comple ed highe educa ion and a leas a sec e a y
who had comple ed high school. The p o incial commission should ha e people o whom i
is possible o apply o check he desi ed ac s, o look o wo ds in e e yday language,
e c. (1 om Klaipeda, 2 om he lowlands, 1 om he dusk, 1 om he wes e n
highlands, 2 om he eas e n highlands, 1 om he Vilnius egion) and p o ide o hem o pay, wi hou special emune a ion, a leas 50 li as pe mon h.
Fu he mo e, he memo andum s a es ha i will no be possible o s a all he
wo k a he same ime in he i s place. Fi s he need o ake o eign a chi es,
hen he p o inces. The ideal amoun o money o he nex yea would be 10,000
li as, wi h o he expenses (w i ing machine, e c.) 12,000. This es ima e would be o
1930, and hal o he amoun is desi able o his yea . […]This yea i would be
possible o s a he p epa a ion o a dic iona y o he Li huanian w i en
language, which is u gen ly needed by ou socie y, especially schools, and also o
s a he p epa a ion o he g ea dic iona y i sel , i no pe mission, a leas […] (ibid., 6).
In he S a e Budge Ac , i was p o ided o a ce ain amoun o money o be alloca ed o he dic iona y. In
he 1930s, when he budge was e ised, he amoun was d as ically educed.

106
aLdonas PuPkis
ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
The ac ha hese ideas we e no emp y wo ds is also indica ed by wo le e s w i en in Feb ua y 1930
o he dean o he Facul y o Humani ies, K i a-Micke ić. A he ime, Ska dis was in Leipzig, aking ca e o
his disse a ion. In addi ion o he dic iona y, […]a has al eady been e ised by Minis e s […] (nMMb s
ki ų dalykų, asa io 10 d. laiške ska džius ei aujasi k ė ės, ką jis pa y ęs iš p e-
VkM[…]69 . 69). The hough s o he le e o Feb ua y 22 a e e en mo e eloquen : "Fo he wo d I hink i
is necessa y o accep he sec e a ia . ini ially, un il June, ca alogs he en i e ocabula y ma e ial.
Su names and pe sonal names a e dis inguished by he di ision and ca aloguing. The e's a lo o people he e
who could do he job. I you eally ag ee wi h S . The Minis y, I would w i e o he hall igh away and we
would ag ee on a job: he could, as soon as I lea e o Li huania, collec ma e ial om he ca alogue o
ocabula y o he dic iona y o he w i en language; In addi ion, he could s a o ganizing and collec ing
all he ocabula y ma e ial. J. Ge ulis said ha i he dic iona y is m a no i s a li o a do y b ė je, i is wi h a
swee desi e and i will con ibu e o he wo k. Howe e , Ska džius was no appoin ed edi o o he
Li huanian dic iona y. Wha led o his, wha we e he mos impo an mo i es, a his ime i is impossible
o say exac ly wha , i is only clea ha Ska dijus eally wan ed o become one, and Balchikonis came o
ha place only a e being pe suaded by o he s (see no e 8 o his a icle). The in en ions o he sc ibe
a e con i med by many ac s: his and all subsequen ela ions wi h he edi o o he dic iona y, he
balchikon, and a e many yea s (in 1962), as i wi h eg e , he idea was exp essed ha he wo k o he
dic iona y was led by he sme onos appoin ed by he balchikon8 (sc ibe 1997: 581). 7 Juozas Liud ikas Buko a
(bo n 1896 in he Ma ijampolė dis ic , in he illage o K osnos, in he p o ince o Izlandz) s udied in
Rudamino, Ma ijampolė, g adua ed om he Vo onezh Gymnasium in 1917. A e e u ning o Li huania, he
s udied in highe educa ion cou ses and a he Uni e si y o Li huania. In 1922 he wo ked in he edi o ial
o ice o he dic iona y. In 1928, he s udied wi h Ju gen Ge wal in Leipzig, and in 1931 he ob ained a deg ee
in compa a i e g amma o Indo-Eu opean languages a he Uni e si y o Pa is. He wo ked in he Minis y
o Na ional De ense, aking ca e o he mili a y e minology (nMMb s . 130[…]1460, l. 612; Le iii 334). 8 The
edi o o he newspape was appoin ed by he Minis e o Educa ion, Kons an in Shakenis, an old
acquain ance o his, pe haps since his s udies in S . Pe e sbu g ( hey bo h wo ked in newspape edi ions,
bo h wo ked in he Li huanian Socie y o he Vic ims o he Wa , oge he wi h he eache in Vo onezh).
The e is no doub ha , encou aged by he P esiden , M An ano Sme onos, in 1930 he decided o allow he
dic iona y o a. a. p o . k. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in
he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Balchikon and Sme ana had known each o he since he summe
o 1909, and la e hei wo pa hs we e connec ed in he edi o ial o ice o he Vilnius newspape and on
kad iskas bu o de inama su šalies p eziden u (plg. liudijimą spaudoje: „[m]ūsų y iausybė, espubli-
o he occasions. In 1934, on he occasion o he 60 h anni e sa y o he bi h o Balchikon Smi no , a
commemo a i e plaque was issued. Ano he pe son who may ha e had a decisi e in luence on he
appoin men o he balchikon was P ime Minis e Juozas Tubelis (1882-1939). hey we e also well known since
he days o Vo onezh; In he summe o 1924, he couple mo ed om he illage o Pane ėžys o Kaunas,
whe e hey empo a ily li ed in an apa men . The edi o -in-chie o he dic iona y, B onė Vosyly ė, w o e
ha
„minis as juozas ūbelis p ikalbėjęs o da bo [žodyno edaga imo. – A. P.] im is docen ą juozą bal-
čikonį. balčikonis pa s ą y a man sakęs“ (dėk žodį p ie žodžio 2006: 195).
P anas ska džius i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
107 a icles Thus, i can be assumed ha he appoin men o he dic iona y edi o s
could c oss he in e es s o p ima ily wo ins i u ions - he Facul y o Humani ies
o Vy au as Magnus Uni e si y and he Minis y o Educa ion. be ween hem s ood
he igu es o he wo p e ende s […] ska džija and balčikonio […]. The ac ha
he dean o he acul y K i a-Mike ičius and he p esiden o he S a e Sme ana
we e no iends a ha ime and hei ela ionship a e he coup d'é a o
Decembe 17, 1926 was no signi ican . I should no be o go en ha no so long
ago he e was a so-called discussion be ween linguis s and w i e s, in which one o
he mos impo an opponen s was jus he c ane and he balcony. Thus, he
ska dus suppo ed by he blood could become a pledge o in e es s o ambi ions in
he ela ionship be ween wo in luen ial ins i u ions.
he wo k o he dic iona y edi o ial
A e aking o e he managemen o he dic iona y om his and K i ika Balchikoni,
Ska dis was no comple ely isola ed om his impo an wo k o lexicog aphy.
The e's no doub ha he eally ca ed abou he ocabula y. In he cou se o he
deba e on spelling e o m, he 1934 s a emen o he sc ibe ha " he g ea
dic iona y o he Li huanian language, which is now being p epa ed o p in ing, mus
be allowed o be edi ed, no o be eplaced by a sligh ly di e en w i ing" (sc ibe 1999:
640) was aken in o accoun . e en ea lie , he scales and he islands ha e con ibu ed
o he es ablishmen o he p inciples o ocabula y p epa a ion. As is known om
he ecollec ions o he con empo a ies and o he sou ces, he edi o cons an ly
consul ed wi h Li huanian and o eign linguis s on he na u e, composi ion and o he
issues o he dic iona y and made decisions only a e ho oughly examining and
conside ing e e y hing. Fo example, Balchikon e used wi hou ese a ion he
p oposal o he Ge man linguis E ns F enkel ( aenkel) o add an e ymological pa
o he dic iona y a icles (Lki Lkž . 57, l. 41). He spoke ex ensi ely wi h P o esso
Ju giu Ge uli (Ge ullis) o he Uni e si y o Leipzig ( om 1934), and isi ed him in he
u ė a ne ienas pokalbis su jaunaisiais Vy au o didžiojo uni e si e o moksli-
ea ly sp ing o 1935 o "discuss, discuss, sign" (ibid., 26). I'm going o ake a nap and I'm
going o ake a showe . Acco ding o he es imony o he same sc ibe, on Sundays a
he o ice whe e he dic iona y was edi ed, hey and he edi o conside ed he
dic iona y's con en s (sc ibe 1997: 601). In ano he place, Ska dis w i es ha he wo k
o he edi o -in-chie had o be s a ed almos om he beginning: "Fi s o all, he
himsel had o wo k, ind a way o edi he dic iona y. " I and M . Sali had o discuss i
wi h him o a long ime. " (ibid., 544). Alexande he G ea ecalled ha he wo d
"se ing" - "delaying" - may ha e been discussed wi h o he speake s, especially wi h he ca cass and he saddle. Such a ea y ne e la e han hei
108 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII con ibu ed signi ican ly o he o ma ion o he dic iona y
aLdonas PuPkis
empla e, al hough i was o en no possible o ag ee wi h hem […] hey inc easingly wan ed
nebu o ginčijama“ (dėk žodį p ie žodžio 2006: 210). napalys g igas, ilgame is
žodyno edakcijos sek e o ius, a siminimuose ašo, kad ska džius i salys „i gi
schola ship, which, as p ac ice showed, he balchicon and he sca dus wi h he saliu opinion ac ually
di e ed on mo e han one issue. On May 8, 1935, Balchiko w o e a le e o he Depa men o he
bu o sunkiai pasiekiamas“ (dėk žodį p ie žodžio 2006: 194).
Minis y o Educa ion III, which was di ec ly subo dina e o he dic iona y edi o ial o ice, s a ing
ha in he opinion o he dic iona y edi o ial o ice and P o . Ge uly, hose used in he w i ings o
hese days should be included in he dic iona y, and sepa a e dic iona ies should be published o
o he s. In he opinion o Salio and Ska dis, all cul u al wo ds used in e e yday speech should be
included, al hough hey a e a oided in oday's w i en language (Dushia, G eek, Czech, e c.). In he
opinion o he edi o ial s a and Ge ulo, he sen ences om he olde w i e s (Mikaloja's
daukšos, simono daukan o and o he s) a e w i en in he o iginal sc ip , and Salys and Ska dus
would like o ansla e e e y hing in o oday's sc ip . The e o e, w i es Balchikonis, he edi o ial
boa d, ea ing o ake esponsibili y alone, asks he depa men o con ene a la ge consul a ion
o o indica e o he wise wha should be done (cVa . 391, ap. 4, b. 1035, p. 69). In 1936, a icles began o
appea in he p ess in o ming abou he p epa a ion o he dic iona y, he wo k o he edi o ial
s a and he p ospec s o publica ion in olumes. The impo ance o he u u e dic iona y o
eaching and p ac ice is emphasized e e ywhe e, and a g ea desi e is exp essed o ge he olume
as e . I was ei he oo good p ess e iews o o he ci cums ances ha p omp ed he sc ibes
o publish an a icle in he ea ly au umn o 1937 in he Gim osios kalbos jou nal en i led
"Pašaliečio's no es on he dic iona y" (ska džius 1997: 227 […] 230). he easoning exp essed in i
encou ages a mo e de ailed look a his claims and a b oade desc ip ion o some o hem. The
au ho o he a icle w i es ha he has ead a lo abou he dic iona y i sel in he p ess, spoken
o a ious people, e en o he membe s o he edi o ial boa d hemsel es10, and ecen ly e iewed
almos all he dic iona y ma e ial o his w i ing [wo d wo k]. bu I canno say ha he dic iona y
is qui e eady o be published, as many ha e asked (ibid., 227). I 's so posi i e o a numbe o
easons. The i s obs acle is he huge di e ence be ween he dic iona y posi ion o he s a e
and he opinion o he cu en edi o ial boa d. he whole linguis ic ma e ial (bo h indi idual wo ds,
hei gende s, sen ences, e en i es and simple wo ds) is aken ca e o , and he ocabula y o he
Li huanian language is a ma e o he whole na ion, e e yone has o ake ca e o i and
con ibu e o his pe mission. I would like o exp ess my opinion on he ma e o language".
(ska džius 1997: 227).
9 P anas ska džius ašo, kad „[b]en kelis ka us man y a ekę laik aščiuose skai y i, kad leidžiamasis
The headline o he a icle in ques ion seems o be he mos engaged: a e all, hey didn' go o he
whole hall wi h he an , i hey discussed he issues o he dic iona y's o de wi h he edi o . I also
sounds s ange ha he dic iona y is being discussed wi h di e en people, including he edi o s hemsel es.
P anas ska džius i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
109s aipsniai / a icles
The cu en edi o s ha e asked o only he mos unusual wo ds o be included in he
p ess, and o only he mos unusual wo ds o be included in he old manusc ip s. he
o de o he wo ds was no p ede e mined, he selec o s we e no p epa ed.
In e es ing wo ds picked up by e e yone who didn' make i , a dozen o hem jus hu .
You didn' ha e o p epa e he o es, and you didn' ha e o w i e down he wo ds as
you needed o, especially he huge mess o ci cumcision. In he end, sys ema ic
mismanagemen o he collec ion wo k, many wo ds we e ob ained om one place and
e y ew om he o he .
Ano he disad an age is he unmanageable wo k planning o he edi o ial s a . Ini ially, i
was planned o p epa e mo e ocabula y adap ed o p ac ical ma e s, bu i u ned ou
ha due o i s size, he ocabula y will no be sui able o p ac ical ma e s. So a e a
while, I decided o pu in he dic iona y some o he bo owings ha we e once used in
w i ings o dic iona ies, excep o he occasional ba ba ism. Such wo ds a e wi nesses
o cul u e, and hey a e necessa y o he his o y o language. I 's jus a pi y ha in he
beginning hese wo ds we e excluded om he whole, and now i 's going o be di icul o
combine hem, so we'll only ha e blank images o hei meanings in he dic iona y. The hi d
hing is ha he handw i ing is un idy. The edi o ial boa d o he Minis y o Educa ion
o de ed he w i ing o he g amma o Jablonsky in 1922, bu i s objec ions we e e y
di icul o clea ly say many hings o he li ing language. The " empo a y
misp onuncia ion o his wo d is a g ea damage o he whole science and p ac ice o ou
language" (ibid., 229).
A he end o he a icle, he au ho concludes ha be o e i is oo la e, i is
necessa y o co ec he spelling and allow i o be dic iona y. sys ema ic and
planned e iew o manusc ip s, especially olde sou ces, o ganiza ion and
p epa a ion o pe manen and skill ul wo d selec o s om he li ing language in
a ious pa s o Li huania. he edi o ial s a o he newspape mus be enla ged;
he wo k o ocabula y managemen needs o be u he imp o ed and igh ened
up so ha i s ui s a e uly use ul no only o he p ac ice o li e bu also o he s udy o language i sel (ibid., 230).
The balcony did no espond o hese complain s in he p ess. He and he edi o ial s a we e no less
awa e o he many laws in he wo ding o he lea le han his opponen . Many o hem we e cla i ied
when he ex o he dic iona y was s a ed o be w i en, and soon he edi o began o elimina e
ce ain sho comings acco ding o he indings ( o example, he ga e a new selec ion o some old
sou ces, e c.). and because o he spelling, he balchikon is s ill based on he Minis y's ins uc ions. 11
lėjo nesuk i gal os: kol žodyno edakcija bu o pa aldi Š ie imo minis e ijai, ašan
Ea ly on (in 1933) Balčikonis began o announce ha well-known wo ds we e also app op ia e, because
[…]i is no he wo d i sel ha is impo an o he edi o , bu he sen ences o he li ing language
gi en o i […] (Balčikonis 1978: 123).
116 ac a
aLdonas PuPkis
Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
2 o V. The le e o he Di ec o o he Li huanian Ins i u e Vinča
K ė ė-Mike ičius o he People's Commissa o Educa ion (LMaa . 2, ap. 1, b. 24, l. 341)

P anas ska džius i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
117s aipsniai / a icles
3 PaV. O he The p ojec o he People's Commissa o Educa ion, An anas
Venclo as, o dismiss he juozą balčikonį aksimilė
118 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII c i ical (e e y case o unce ain y checked, ac s
aLdonas PuPkis
de e ed o he coun y). Ha ing enounced some o he du ies, M . Balčikonis li es
only by his dic iona y wo k. Is he e any membe o he commi ee who, when
ques ioned, manages o amilia ize himsel wi h he ma e ial so quickly and is able o
edi so quickly? Ha ing no hing agains he commi ee, he edi o ial s a asks o be
allowed o inish he dic iona y and he olume. The pe i ion was w i en on Oc obe
15, 1940, signed by M . G igo , M . Ho odni schi, M . Libe io, M . Mikhailo sky, M .
Mikhailo , M . Senkaus, M . Zhelezny and M . Vasilye , and submi ed o he People's
Commissa o Educa ion on he same day. I may be ha a he eques o he s a
o his edi o ial o ice, o pe haps o o he ci cums ances unknown o us, a he
same ime he balchikon was no dismissed om his du ies as edi o and emained o
edi he dic iona y.
he dic iona y
The new s age in he his o y o he Academy o Sciences and he Academy o
Sciences began wi h he es ablishmen o he Li huanian Academy o Sciences by he
ma ione e go e nmen o Li huania on Janua y 16, 1941. se e al Academy
depa men s ha e been es ablished; The humani a ian depa men was
ans o med in o he Li huanian Ins i u e, now called he Li huanian Language
Ins i u e, as well as he Li huanian Li e a u e, Li huanian His o y and E hnology
Ins i u e. Ska džius was appoin ed di ec o o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e.
In his i s in e iew wi h he p ess (1941 Gim oji kalba; see ska džius 1999: 995[…]996),
he new di ec o spoke abou he ins i u e's in ended wo k, bu did no men ion
any hing abou he ocabula y. I was only much la e ha he was men ioned in an
a icle published in he jou nal Gim osios kalbos (ska džius 1999: 996 […] 998). he wo k o
he u u e ocabula y is no only con inued wi hou in e up ion, bu also g ea ly
imp o ed and in ensi ied. The i s olume, p epa ed by he edi o ial s a , will soon
appea as i is; Howe e , subsequen olumes will ha e o be au ho ised wi hou he
as is pi mąjį omą leidžian . Visų pi ma bus s engiamasi suo ganizuo i isoje Lie-
sho comings ha could ha e been caused by a ce ain numbe o esponsible
wo d-collec o s and e i ie s in he e i o y o he Czech Republic ... and in gene al o
imp o e he lexicog aphical ocabula y as much as possible" (ibid., 998).
In ac , he dic iona y I, edi ed acco ding o he p inciples o he balcony, was
p in ed in la e sp ing 1941. Bu he e he was a es ed by he Bolshe ik censo ship:
he ound bo h an i-Semi ic and bou geois na ionalis "misin o ma ion". I is known
ha in he 19 h cen u y he name o An ano Libe ius was w i en in his way.
P anas ska džius i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
119s aipsniai / a icles
pas kazį P eikšą20 ėjo aiškin is ins i u o di ek o ius ska džius. as „su ikęs neda-
no ep essi e conclusions we e d awn, bu i was eques ed o ew i e i
(sabaliauskas 1999: 31).
I seems ha o some ime he e was a no mal wo king mood a he Li huanian
Language Ins i u e i sel . A numbe o publishing commi ees we e se up by he
Ins i u e, among which he dic iona y commi ee was assigned balchikonis, salys and
ska djus, w i en wo k epo s and plans o he managemen o he Academy o
Sciences. Fo example, in he annual wo k epo o he Li huanian Language
Ins i u e o he yea 1941 (June 15, 1940), signed by he di ec o on June 14, 1941, i is
w i en ha he o e h ow o he bou geois go e nmen in Li huania and he
accession o Li huania o he sa dom was he g ea es achie emen o he
Li huanian school es ablished by he Tsa is Academy o Li huania (Lki . I is also
g a i ying ha now 11 people a e wo king in he edi o ial o ice o he Li huanian
language dic iona y ins ead o he p e ious 8, and i is s a ed ha he Li huanian
language ins i u e es ablished hanks o he Li huanian go e nmen is wo king a a
bolshe ik pace in he ield o Li huanian language science, con ibu ing o all he
scien i ic wo ks and achie emen s o ou g ea socialis homeland. The census
included all he subdi isional census o he ins i u e, including he census o he ocabula y edi o ial s a p epa ed o he balchikon.
Howe e , a he same ime, he e was a majo eo ganiza ion o s a posi ions a
he Li huanian Language Ins i u e. On June 16, 1941, he di ec o o he ins i u e
Ska dis signed a le e o he P esidium o he Academy o Sciences, by which he
o e ed o dismiss Balchikon om he pos o edi o o he Li huanian dic iona y
and appoin him as an assis an edi o o he LKZ (LMaa .1, ol.9, p.3579, p.16). In
acco dance wi h he o de o he di ec o o he ins i u e No. 113115, he p esiden
o he Academy o Sciences K e ya-Micke ičius on June 19 signed an o de o dismiss
Balchikon om he pos o edi o o he dic iona y and o appoin him as an
assis an edi o om June 16 o he same yea . By he same dec ee, Jonik was
elie ed o his du ies as head o he Depa men o P ac ical Language and Te minology and appoin ed edi o o he G and Dic iona y.
be iską aukš yn kojomis ap e ė p asidėjęs nacis inės Vokie ijos i so ie ų
The Wa o he League. On 26 July, he chai man o he Academy o Sciences, K ė ė-Micke ičius, signed an
o de o e u n he balchikon o he edi o o he Li huanian language dic iona y, and o ans e he
jonik o wo k as he sec e a y o he P ac ical Language and Te minology Di ision (Lki Lkž . 18, 5 l.
71). Kazys P eikšas (19031961), So ie igu e, one o he ounde s and p opagandis s o communis
ideology in Li huania. A he ime o he speech, he was he head o he p opaganda and agi a ion
depa men o he LKP. The edi o o he 21s edi ion o he dic iona y, Pe e Jonik, had only one mon h
and one week o li e. As he head o he g ea dic iona y, he was able o send, i seems, only one le e
o he dic iona y o he eade (see his le e o he dic iona y speake o Leon Kuoji: Lki Lkž . 518, l.
71).
120
aLdonas PuPkis
ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
uo lyg i baigėsi ska džiaus mėginimai pe im i žodyno eikalus į sa o žinią, be ,
Appa en ly, he p omise o edi he dic iona y by he commission and o manage i s ex om olume II
acco ding o he p inciples o so-called d um w i ing was no o go en. Howe e , he esigned om he
laiką kokių susidū imų kaip i nebū a, juolab kad 1941 m. lapk ičio 11 d. ska džius
pos o di ec o o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e. The easons o his depa u e a e no known,
al hough i can be suppo ed by he desi e o de o e mo e ime o he publica ion o his inal
Li huanian-language dic iona y ( he book was published in 1943). On Decembe 3, 1941, he du ies o
di ec o o he ins i u e we e o icially ans e ed o Sali. I seems ha Salys was a mo e mode a e
leade : he ne e publicly clashed wi h Balchikon, did no in ol e himsel in he discussion o Ska djo and
Balchikon in 1940, and ook mo e ca e o he a ai s o his ield. In mid-July 1942, howe e , he di ec o
w o e a le e o he p esiden o he Academy o Sciences, in which he exp essed his opinion on he
o ma ion o a commission o he p epa a ion o a dic iona y. The au ho o he le e a gued ha
because o he slowness o he wo k o he p in ing p ess, olume II was being p in ed slowly, so he e
was an oppo uni y o supplemen ha au ho iza ion and o make hose changes applicable o o he
olumes. The w i ing is a gued ha his g ea wo k o g ea impo ance […] he g ea dic iona y o he
Li huanian language […] […] is no sui able o a senio edi o […] (LMaa . 1, ap. 1, b. 68, l. 75), so a ce ain
commission should be o med. The ask o his commission would be o deal wi h he gene al p inciples
o he dic iona y ag eemen , spelling issues and in gene al all ques ions aised by he edi o ial s a
i sel and by indi idual membe s o his commission. [...] his commission would no be he edi o ial
esponsible, bu he scien i ic suppo , whose decisions a e manda o y o he dic iona y edi o ial
s a . The posi ion o he edi o -in-chie would no be al e ed in any way as a esul . This wo king
g oup, called he Scien i ic Suppo Commi ee, was quickly app o ed by he leade ship o he
Scien i ic Academy a he sugges ion o he di ec o o he ins i u e, and a i s i s mee ing on
Sep embe 28, Salys was elec ed chai man. I also included a ska dus, a balchikon, a ionic, and a
p o esso om Vilnius Uni e si y, O embski (o ębski). As An anas Lybe is says, Balchikonis om he
commission was eally hoping o scien i ic help (Lybe is 2009: 272), bu when he ques ion o spelling was
aised again in he mee ing, he s ongly opposed any spelling e o m. A he hi d hea ing on 14 Oc obe ,
he exp essed his sepa a e opinion on he spelling and did no commen u he on hose discussions.
The las mee ing was held on 2 July 1943, and he mos impo an issues o he dic iona y we e
discussed. Howe e , he s uc u al aspec s o he ex o he dic iona y we e no e iewed.22 A e
he dic iona y and he olume we e published in 1941, he ci cula ion (3000 copies) was quickly bough ou
eikia pasaky i, kad Mokslinė pagalbinė komisija pe isą sa o da bo laiką, 44
and he managemen o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e, wi h he app o al o he Academy o
Sciences, decided o publish he second olume. he ex was al eady being p ocessed, pa s o i we e
co ec ed, he p in ing wo ks we e being done. I was supposed o be eleased in he all o 1942, bu
due o di icul ies
ka o me o sąlygų da bas ėjo lė ai, kol galų gale bu o isai nu auk as.
P anas ska džius i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
121 a icles mi […] we e es ic ed o a ge ed only in pa ial cases. Fo example, in he
con ex o he ela ionship be ween he s uc u e o he olume and u he
olumes, i was decided ha : 1. he meanings o wo ds should, whe e possible, be
classi ied on he basis o his o y; 2. hyb ids a e ma ked in cases whe e he e is a
Li huanian wo d wi h a p e ix o a p e ix o he meaning o […] A. P. […]; 3. only di ec
loans a e conside ed as loans, bu no hei de i a i e loans (wi h Li huanian
con ac ual elemen s); 4. he spelling o he dic iona y shall be de e mined by he nex
commi ee mee ing (on he basis o he d a d awn up by he Li huanian Language
Ins i u e); 5. c oss-ma king non-changeable de i a i es and hyb ids, as well as
a chaisms; 6. he in e p e a ion o noble wo ds is no allowed (LMaa . 1, ap. 1, b. 68, p.
85). Wi hou going in o he analysis o his uling, i mus be said ha i essen ially
con i med he na u e o he wo d balčikonio and he p inciples o i s p epa a ion and
did no p o ide o any essen ial changes. In pa icula , i should be emphasised ha
he p o isions o he ga den ocabula y s anda d we e included in he decision no o
di ide he meanings o noble wo ds and wo ds on he basis o his o y. Some o he
p inciples o he dic iona y we e ein o ced in o he edi ions, such as he p esen
spelling o he old le e s (including he kleino). In he hea ings, hese ma e s we e
conside ed mainly on he basis o a w i en ex in wo olumes (skill imis, co ec ion),
and in he cases in wo olumes ( ūkumai, as w i en in he minu es), a o al o 29
cases, conside ed in only one session. The e o e, he e o s o he sc ibe o
"imp o e" he ocabula y, "summa y" we e no implemen ed, as he himsel had ied
o decla e o many yea s. Du ing he Ge man occupa ion, he con essed o he G eek:
"I ound ha my heo y in he dic iona y was di icul o econcile wi h he p ac ice"
(pu he wo d a he wo d 2006: 194). I don' know wha he heo y was, bu I don' hink
he unde s ood i , and I don' hink he unde s ood i . much la e , on No embe 27, 1970, he
w o e o Zygmun Zinkewicz: "Today I ecei ed he olume Lkž Viii, which I only
supe icially managed o see, bu om his I can al eady see how la ge and
inexp essibly aluable he lobby o he Li huanian language is: wi hou i no a single
Li huanian and, in gene al, a Bela usian language esea che will be able o ge a ound.
This, o cou se, is eally only an explana o y dic iona y o he Li huanian language, no
a hesau us o he Li huanian language, which will e en ually ha e o be p epa ed by ce ain specialis s no only in linguis ics bu also in philology. he his o y o he Li huanian language will be mainly ela ed o his ocabula y (ci . om: osinas 2011: 144).
disag eeing wi h he w i ing
A he end o he mee ings, on behal o he P esidium o he Academy o Sciences,
balčikoniui nesu ikus s a s y i ašybos kei imo dalykų i nebelankan komisijos
a w i ing commi ee was o med a he Ins i u e o Li huanian Language ( om he
same membe s o he commission, excep o he balchikon). I was no long be o e,
on No embe 11, 1942, ha he Li huanian language was ecognized as he o icial language o Li huania.

122
aLdonas PuPkis
ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
he ins i u e's p epa ed spelling guidelines. They we e discussed and app o ed by he
Gene al Assembly o he Depa men o Humani ies, Social and Economic Sciences o
he Academy o Sciences, and hen, on No embe 19, hey we e signed by he Gene al
P anas ge man as23 .
Counsel o Educa ion himsel . F om he e y beginning o he wo k o he Scien i ic
Assis ance Commission, a eal wa b oke ou be ween he Commission, mainly wi h a
sca , and he edi o 's balcony. Ha ing been in a shadow o some ime, in mee ings
and on o he occasions, he sca dus again ied o ake o e he ops (which we e
ex emely sha p cu s and cu s) wi h his demands and ied o o ce he balcony o
obey by adminis a i e means. Salys ook o e as di ec o o he ins i u e, and in
o de o in oduce he new spelling in o he p ac ice o p oducing a la ge dic iona y,
he commission had o wo k long and pa ien ly o achie e i s goal.
Wi hou going in o all he de ails o ha s uggle, i mus be said ha he commission, o mo e
p ecisely he boa d, suppo ed by he hall26, achie ed i s objec i es as well: he new spelling was
o icially app o ed. Howe e , nei he he Depa men o Educa ion no he Academy o Sciences has
app o ed he equi emen o modi y he ex o he dic iona y acco ding o i . only he managemen
o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e could demand his. Fo se e al mon hs, he Li huanian Language
Ins i u e expe ienced a o al con usion. F om he e y beginning, when he ounda ions o spelling had
no ye been es ablished, he dic iona y's collabo a o s we e equi ed o obse e he new spelling, bu
he se an s did no da e o s and in on o he edi o s in public. As a esul o hese
disag eemen s, by o de o he di ec o , he wo k o he p in ing p ess was suspended pending he
cla i ica ion o he cle ical a ai s. When he Gene al Counsel o Educa ion inally app o ed he spelling
guidelines, Balconi w o e a le e o esigna ion on No embe 24. 23 P anas Ge manan as (un il 1940
Meškauskas) (1903-1945) was a public igu e, o a o , and doc o o science. G adua ed om he
Li huanian and Leipzig uni e si ies, wo ked in he Li huanian Secu i y Depa men as a p ess o ice ,
became a gene al counselo o he Minis y o Educa ion in Ge many. Fo his e o s o p o ec
Li huanians om Ge man pe secu ion, he was imp isoned in he S u ho concen a ion camp in 1943
and died he e. W i ing, among o he hings, and a lo o wo ks ela ed o language p ac ice.
On 24 Sep embe 1980, in my dia y, I w o e down my imp essions o he second olume o he Balconian
Re iew Edi o ial Commission: "I was e iewing he Balconian le e o Al ed he Elde abou he
edaga imą eiginius] Lybe is nep ieš a a o, be isas i ė. kai išėjom, išliejo man isą ulžį. jis bu ęs
dic iona y a he Balconian and I was con inced ha he sc oll wi h he hall wan ed o ake possession
o he balconian, necessa ily his and ha (conc e e) wo k, a leas o a ach hei w i ing and so on.
He's a e y big scheme who used o be a scound el.
25 is one o he mos in e es ing bu also he da kes pages in he his o y o he Li huanian dic iona y, bu
his opic is sepa a e, special, o be deal wi h on some o he occasions. In he 26 h commission, Jonah was
an ex a, and John O embsky didn' ge in ol ed in he w i ing con o e sy. He's mo e likely o apply bo h
sides han o ag ee wi h one mo e clea ly. By he way, wha do you hink o he balconies?
ypač e ino i ka ais ja ne nek i iškai emda osi.
P anas ska džius i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
123s aipsniai / a icles
A co espondence ma a hon be ween he di ec o 's hall, he edi o 's desk and he academic academy
and he managemen o he educa ional ins i u ion began. He e, wi hou men ioning he a gumen s o
bo h sides, i would be possible o indica e only he opinion o he ju y, which was con eyed o he
chai man o he academy on Decembe 7, 1942, ha e en a e con i ming he ounda ions o he
spelling, he e we e people who would like o change some hing else. This is mo i a ed by he ac ha
Balchikon is he execu o o he will o Jablonsky and he e o e he should be allowed o con inue o use
in he dic iona y he spelling ha he has al eady begun o use. Ska džius w i es ha he Li huanian
dic iona y is no Jablonski, bu he will o he beas and he beas is no in his own wo d, bu in he
w i ing o Jablonski. The spelling […]daba inė, used in he Li huanian ocabula y o j. balčikonio, is
ac ually no jablonskinė, bu balčikoninė[…] (LMaa . 1, ol. 1, b. 68, p. 106). Bu w i ing isn' e e y hing. I
can be seen om he beha iou and language o he balcony ha he did no wan o ha e any hing o do
wi h he commission and had decided in ad ance agains i . In ac , he sho -li ed commission " ound so
many hings o ix ha any objec i e pe son could no ice" (ibid, 107). Thus, acco ding o Ska džius, he
g ea dic iona y o he Li huanian language […]p obably mus and can be allowed only in he newly
app o ed spelling[…] ( he same, 108), and e e y hing else emains as i was. bu i an ag eemen canno
be eached, […] hen o he s mus immedia ely ake up he wo k and con inue i wi h de e mina ion[…]
( he same). In he end, Ska džius s a es ha i non-specialis s om ab oad ook o e he managemen
o e e y hing, he himsel could no con ibu e o he Li huanian language dic iona y and " hus el
elaxed om any con ac s wi h he Li huanian Academy o Sciences" (ibid.) (see Fig. 4). Despi e he
ul ima um, Balchikon was no dismissed om his du ies as edi o o he dic iona y, bu was gi en a
lea e o absence om Decembe 1, 1942 o Janua y 1, 1943. and al hough much e o was la e made o
mi iga e he con lic , he balchikon did no e u n o he edi o ial o ice. This e iew, wi hou knowing
all o a leas he mos impo an a gumen s o he balcony, can be conside ed one-sided and biased.
hose a gumen s o he edi o need o be accompanied by a leas a ew explana o y wo ds. On 31
Decembe 1942, an a icle in he Balchikon "Lopi a's w i ing" (balchikon 1978: 183187) was published in he
Pane ėžys dis ic newspape . In i , he au ho w i es ha i 's impo an o know why he edi o
didn' wan o use he basics o he new spelling. I is ecalled ha he edi o ial s a will y o adap
ge iausiai išdės y i ka o me ais paskelb uose s aipsniuose, ad apie kai ku iuos jų
o he o icial spelling om he e y beginning o he wo k, and i is explained why he spelling o he
Public Housing was chosen. Re27 wha and whe e i was people, ailed o de e mine, bu la e , al eady
appea ed in he a icle o he balcony
In he case o he Pane ėžys dis ic (balčikon 1978: 183187), a icles we e published in he p ess
(le e s wi h a simila con en we e also sen o he ins i u e) ha did no p omo e w i ing e o ms and suppo ed he balčikon
pozicija (ž . aila 1943, k onika 1943).
124
aLdonas PuPkis
ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXVII
4 PaV. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s
publica ion. In a le e o he p esiden o he Academy o Sciences on Decembe 7,
P anas ska džius i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
125-page a icles The doc o did no wan us o s a edi ing he olume because
he e we e wo spellings o because o he spelling almos he en i e olume would be
ewo ked. On he o he hand, he au ho w i es, as long as he new spelling is no
needed by ou o he sc ip s and he e is no knowledge, will you wan o use i ,
especially when a e he wa he whole na ion ga he s in a pile and s a s o wo k
quie ly on cul u al wo k, wha is he poin o dancing o use i i s ? Does he spelling
make up he essence o he wo d? (ibid, 185).
1942, he au ho u he shows ha he p inciples o spelling and phone ic spelling a e
used in he ounda ions o he sc ip : one is gi en o w i e om he o igin, he o he
om he sounds (baigš us, because i is inished, o inish, al hough hose wo ds a e
no seen o hea d in he cu en sc ip s and in li e, bu should be known om he
o igin). "The w i ing does no deal wi h dis an o igins, i s pu pose is no o each
e ymology" (ibid.). The g ea es c ime was commi ed by ho w i ing, because he
au ho s again o go he p inciple o hei ou da ed pencil w i ing ( o w i e ugly, cu
and pig, s aw, as Jablonsky igh ly poin ed ou , […]is a mix u e o wo sc ip s[…] (ibid,
186). I he e is no a emp o gi e he igh spelling in he w i ing basis, wha is he
solu ion? ( he same). he exi is composed by he noble p inciple o he Jablonsky
sc ip . In ano he a icle, w i en in 1944 while discussing wi h Saliu (Balčikonis 1978: 187
[…] 188), i is emphasized ha he edi o did no ag ee o accep he commission's
p oposed spelling because i would no be necessa y o e iew he ex o he
edi o ial s a , co ec he p in ing p ess, co ec he edi o ial s a , e c. A
dic iona y needs wo ds, no spelling mis akes! [...] bu he Commission's s ubbo nness
was g ea e han hose a gumen s" (ibid., 187). Acco ding o he edi o , he wo d
"Thomas II" should ha e appea ed in he sp ing o 1943 and again in he summe . I used
o hink ha he dis up ion o w i ing du ing he wa was gene ally nonsense. I' e
said many imes ha du ing he wa i 's almos wo h le ing he dic iona y go e en
wi h co ec i e e o s; Co ec ion e o s could be co ec ed la e , and i he wo ds we e dead, he e'd be no money o hem.
a gau um. be mokslo įs aigos nuėjo ki u keliu“ ( en pa , 188).
I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou .
In he i s a icle, he ci cums ances o he appoin men o he edi o o he
g ea Li huanian dic iona y, which was enewed a he end o 1930, a e analyzed, and
he opinion is co ec ed ha he only candida e o he pos o edi o o he
dic iona y was a o me speake om Balchikon. Acco ding o he newly ound
bu o ką ik mokslus užsienyje baigęs kalbininkas ska džius. galima many i, kad
kaip ik jis inicija o žodyno edakcijos a gai inimo da bą, ūpinosi inansais, ben-
a chi al documen s, he i s candida e wo ked on he dic iona y and o he
dic iona y ma e s and jus i iably claimed o be appoin ed edi o o he dic iona y. The eason why he bowl was no assigned o he g ea dic iona y e-