Recenzijos / Re iews 353
JÜRGEN UDOLPH
Cen e o he S udy o Names Gö ingen Academy o
Sciences Gö ingen Scien i ic esea ch a eas: his o ical
linguis ics, wa e names, place names, amily names.
I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou .
This is a lis o people who ha e been awa ded he Nobel P ize in Physiology o Medicine, so ed by he yea o hei dea h.
LITUISCHE ORTS, FLUR and o he municipali ies
AND NAMES o he plan s
The Eu opean con ex
(w i ing se ies)
The Bal ic Socie y
STUDIEN 2 (SGBS 2) published by he
Hambu g publishing house in 2019, 352 pages.
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
The publishe 's p ess elease e e s a he ou se o he ac ha
Li huania's place names, i e names and wa e names ha e much in common
wi h names in o he pa s o Eu ope. This is a pe ec ly co ec assessmen ,
bu he decisi e con ibu ions o K. Casemi , H. K ahe, W. P. Schmid and J.
Udolph, who poin ed o he commonali ies be ween he Bal ic (one mus no
limi onesel o Li huania o Li huanian) and I aly, he Ad ia ic, he Moselle
egion, no he n Ge many o Poland, a e no men ioned anywhe e. I should no
be o e looked ha he special posi ion o Bal ic in he hyd onym o Eu ope
allows he basis o a model o he a angemen o he Indo-Ge manic
languages designed by W. P. Schmid. This dis ega d is eg e able […] I men ion
he ele an li e a u e a he end o he e iew.
JÜRGEN UDOLPH
354 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIII (Linguis ic Ac s o he Li huanians)
The publishe s o he olume, G asilda Blažienė and Laimu is Bilkis, who also
con ibu ed con ibu ions, we e he au ho s Ve onika Adamony ė, Ha ald
Bichlmeie , Dalia Kačinai ė-V ubliauskienė and Ilona Mickienė, wi h he la ges
sha e in he olume undoub edly held by Ha ald Bichlmeie , who ansla ed mos o
he Li huanian con ibu ions in o Ge man and also se ed as scien i ic edi o .
Indi idually, he olume con ains he ollowing con ibu ions: 1. A o ewo d
by G asilda Blažienė and Laimu is Bilkis (S. 710), 2. Mo Helonyme o he
phologische und seman ische Analyse de Gewässe namen des wes lichen Süd-
aukš ai en on Ha ald Bichlmeie (S. 13–84), 3. U sp ung und Mo i a ion de
wes e n sou he n pa (S. 85123), 4. Blaildažienė, O igin and mo i a ion o he
Li huanian se lemen names in he Rayon Aly us (sou hwes e n
Aukš ai ija) (S. 127183), 5. Dalia Kačinai ėV ubliauskienė, O igin and mo i a ion
o he o onyme o he wes e n sou he n pa o he coun y (S. 185[…]220),
6. Ilona Mickienė, The D ymonyme o he Wes e n Sou h: O igin and Fo ma ion
(S. 221[…]249), 7. Ilona Mickienė, dung o he names o he meadows (S.
Die Onyme de Region Südwes -Aukš ai ija: Übe blick übe U sp ung und Bil-
251[…]286), 8. Ve onika Adamony ė, O igin and o ma ion o he ag onomic
names associa ed wi h human ac i i y o he municipali ies o Kapčiamies is
and Veisiejai (S. 287[…]313).
The olume consis s o English summa ies o he con ibu ions (S. 315[…]321) and a
egis e o names (S. 350), which he eade o he olume will g a e ully
welcome. In he o ewo d by G. Blažienė and L. Bilkis, he esea ch on Li huanian
oponymy, which has been ca ied ou o se e al decades, is ou lined, a
con ibu ion ha will appeal especially o non-Bal ic in e es ed pa ies. The
esea ch a ea is ou lined and in a sho , bu m.E. In an impo an passage, he
explained ha onomas ic aces o he language o he allen Ja wings can s ill
be ound oday. An impo an ool o he s udy o Li huanian oponymy is a
place name da abase a he Resea ch Cen e o Bal ic Languages and
Li huanian Name Resea ch in Vilnius. A he hea o he band a e he esea ches
on he loo s, moun ains, wa e s and place names o he a ea unde
in es iga ion. I is igh ly poin ed ou in he p e ace ha he oponymy and
hyd onymy o Li huania (one may add: o he whole Bal ic) is o pa icula
impo ance o he o e all pic u e, especially he hyd onymy o Eu ope ( o which
I had al eady e e ed a he ou se by men ioning some names). In his
con ibu ion Mo phological and seman ic analysis o he wa e names o he
wes e n Sou h-Eas , H. Bichlmeie has examined app oxima ely 330 names o
s eams, i e s and lakes mo e closely, whe e he igh ly calls himsel u.ä. I is
based on he esea ch o A. Vanagas. The a ea unde in es iga ion is:
G asilda Blažienė & Laimu is Bilkis (H sg.).
Li auische O s-, Flu - und Gewässe namen im eu opäischen Kon ex
355 in a con ac zone o Li huanian, Bela usian and Polish dialec s. The p oposed
in e p e a ions a e almos en i ely possible wi hou any p oblems, I will no go
in o he ollowing con o e sial cases: 1. on A esỹs, whose s iking equa ion wi h
A (h)esis (> E sch Adige) is e e ed o as a " alse equa ion" o as a
"independen ly a isen pa allel o ma ion" (s. 31), whe e he e e ed Bal ic A es
i e (men ioned in his olume S. 148) is e e ed o, 2. on one o H. Bichlmeie 's
so-called "Phan om oo " * * * * * *, since all he names supposedly associa ed
wi h i a e in Cel ic e i o y. (2020), 221[…]241), 3. on he skep icism o he
p e ious e ymology o Nẽmunas, since in he connec ion wi h La in. Since W. P.
Schmid, in Onomas ica Sla oge manica 23, page 23, has deal wi h his in de ail, he
[…](holy) hain[…] -u and […]s ibe do no s and side by side.
4. on Alnà, since a oo adop ed in obsole e spelling is no de ec able, […]since he e
is simply no single con inua ion o a oo o his s uc u e in an Indo-Ge manic
single language[…], wonde ing whe e hen he 2[…]3 dozen wa e names in Eu ope
come om, he […]el-*ol- (wi hou ecognizable consonan s) come om, including
s eams such as Elbe, Alle , Os , Wolga (Sla ic p os hesis) e c. The names o
swamps, moo s, wa e holes and so on. (Helonyme) has been s udied by L. Bilkis. I s
o igin is a ely dispu ed due o i s o en qui e anspa en meaning. As wi h a
la ge pa o wa e names, he p opo ion o an h oponymic o igin is no oo high,
mo e han 3⁄4 a e o appella i e o igin. I may be added ha hese igu es in he
names o lowing wa e s a e s ill signi ican ly inc eased in a ou o he
appella i e o igin, all he mo e su p ising ha in ecen imes, e en in
in es iga ions o Ge man wa e names, human ac i i ies a e o en assumed as he
eason o he naming. G. Blažienė has commen ed on he o igin and mo i a ion o
he Li huanian se lemen names in Rayon Aly us. The au ho W. Wenzel
unde s ands "mo i a ion" as ollows: "mo i a ions ha caused he namesake s
o name a pa icula se lemen wi h a pa icula name" (p. 125). I p ocesses he
ma e ial sepa a ely acco ding o communi ies and Sam communi ies, whe e
dean h oponymic, de oponymic and deappella i e o ma ions could be iden i ied. I
ha e only been able o ind a ew ha would be wo h adding, bu I would like o
e e o he unclea and epea edly men ioned place and wa e name Sei à,
Sei […]jai, Sei […]jis (S. 33, 53, 166), which igh ly connec s wi h le . Sei is
[…]unskilled man[…] is ejec ed on he con incing lis ing o nume ous de i a i es
JÜRGEN UDOLPH
356 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIII o one o he idg.
*zelsei-/*soi-/sōi-/*sī-/*s- […] d ople s, unne s, mois u e[…] by A. G eule,
Vo und ea ly Ge manic i e names on he Uppe Rhine, 1973, S. 150[…] 152,
e e ing o a p oposal by J. O ębski con ibu ions o he s udy o names
12 (1961), S. 264 . picked i up.
The o igin and mo i a ion o he o onyme o he wes e n Sou h Pole is he
con ibu ion o D. Kačinai ė-V ubliauskienė. In gene al, su eys a e e e ed o
as o onyms (moun ain and hill names; see o he in e p e a ion, s. s. 185 .). In
Cen al Eu ope hey a e o e y di e en ages. O en hey a e young, bu he
Alps, he Ha z, he I en each hei peak. A high age. In a la coun y like
Li huania, a ew me e s o heigh is enough o be colloquially e e ed o as a
"moun ain" o "hill". The e a e names o appella i e, an h oponymic and
oponymic o igin, many o which a e so-called p ima y o ms, o med wi hou an
addi ional means o o ma ion. When lis ing he names, I no iced he ela i ely
high p opo ion o hyb id moun ain names, which mos ly con ain a wo d
bo owed om Sla ic (p. 197[…]200).
The D ymonyme ( o es names) o he wes e n Sou h Pole and hei o igin and
o ma ion a e discussed in he con ibu ion o I. Mickienė. She in oduces him
wi h a lis o s udies p esen ed so a and explains he a ea o s udy (Rayone
Aly us and Lazdijai). The 336 ea ed d ymonymes a e lis ed in o de o
appella i e and an h oponymic o igin, wi h he d ymonymes consis ing o
syn agms showing a high p opo ion o li . miškas […]wald[…]. The highes
p opo ion o o es names a e hose o appella i e o igin. Simila ly s uc u ed
is he con ibu ion o he same au ho I. Mickienė o he onymen o he
Sou hwes -Aukš ai ija egion, which o e s an o e iew o he o igin and
o ma ion o he meadow names. Wiesennamen ep esen a e y high p opo ion
o he names o he a ea unde in es iga ion, so he analysis was limi ed o a ew
selec ed municipali ies. I should be emphasized ha special in es iga ions in o
he names o meadows ha e ha dly been p esen ed in Ge many so a . He e hey
a e usually classi ied unde he […]Flu name[…]. Howe e , i should be no ed ha
old place names we e no in equen ly o iginally names o lowe s, including he
names o meadows. In he lis o I. Mickienė, a Ge man name esea che
occasionally encoun e s names ha he knows - mos ly h ough Sla ic equi alen s
[…], I men ion he e o example li . lankà […]g oße ebene Wiese[…] (K umme Lanke in
Be lin). The summa y o he a icle makes i clea ha almos hal o he ield
names co e ed con ain physiog aphic e ms - ce ainly no a su p ising inding. In
his con ex , i is eg e able o no e ha in Ge man place name esea ch he e
a e s ill summa ies.
G asilda Blažienė & Laimu is Bilkis (H sg.).
Li auische O s-, Flu - und Gewässe namen im eu opäischen Kon ex
The e is a lack o 357 e iews and eliable wo ks on geog aphical e minology. A e y
di e en pic u e eme ges when you look a ound, o example, in he Sla ic coun ies.
The las con ibu ion o he olume was w i en by V. Adamony ė wi h he
in es iga ion in o he o igin and o ma ion o he ag onomic names associa ed wi h
human economic ac i i y in he municipali ies o Kapčiamies is and Ve siejai. The
au ho unde s ands ag onyms as names o ields, ields, was elands, meadows, e c.,
which in Ge man e minology a e e e ed o as " lowe names". A ew lines la e , i
says: "The subjec o his a icle is he names o geog aphical objec s associa ed
wi h ag icul u al ac i i y"... (p. 288). The au ho has ans e ed almos all he
esul s o he collec ions o hese names, which ook place in he yea s 1935-1937, o
he Geoin o ma ional Place Name Da abase and is he e o e well amilia wi h he
ma e ial. The amily name Amelýnas has caused he p oblems, in which she igh ly
men ions a connec ion wi h li . àmelys. I would like o ask whe he his is no ei he o
be associa ed wi h he ibe a ound li . ãmalas […]Mis el[…] o i is […] less likely […] o
be a p e-English o ma ion o a oo *om-, o he Ohm, Amance, Ems e c. J. Udolph
Naming S udies on he Ge manic P oblem (1994), Be lin-New
This is a e y impo an poin . As migh be expec ed, mos ag onomic names
a e o appella i e o igin (p. 311).
My ema ks can only gi e a ew sugges ions, bu i may ha e become clea ha
an in e es ing olume on Li huanian oponymy has appea ed he e. Al hough i
en iches abo e all he esea ch on Li huanian and Bal ic names, some names ha e
connec ions beyond he Bal ic and a e he e o e also sui able o esea che s
o o he languages.
Regions o impo ance.
LITERATUR
Casemi Ki s in, Udolph Jü gen 2006: Die Bedeu ung des Bal ischen ü die
niede sächsische O snamen o schung. – Bal ų onomas ikos y imai: Aleksand ui Vana-
gui a min i, Vilnius: Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as, 114–136.
K ahe Hans 1957: Vo geschich liche Sp achbeziehungen on den bal ischen Os -
seelände n bis zu den Gebie en um den No d eil de Ad ia. – Abhandlungen de geis-
es- und sozialwissenscha lichen Klasse de Akademie de Wissenscha en und de Li e a u
in Mainz. Jah gang, N . 3 [In Kommission bei], S eine , Wiesbaden, Mainz: Ve lag de
Akademie de Wissenscha en und de Li e a u .

JÜRGEN UDOLPH
358 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIII
Schmid Wol gang P. 1994: Al eu opa und das Ge manische. – Linguis icae scien-
iciae collec anea: ausgewähl e Sch i en on Wol gang P. Schmid. Anläßlich seines 65
Gebu s ages, h sg. on J. Becke , E. Egge s, J. Udolph, D. Webe , Be lin, New Yo k:
de G uy e , 334–346.
Schmid Wol gang P. 1994: Bal ische Gewässe namen und das o geschich li-
che Eu opa. – Linguis icae scien iciae collec anea: ausgewähl e Sch i en on Wol gang
P. Schmid. Anläßlich seines 65 Gebu s ages, h sg. on J. Becke , E. Egge s, J. Udolph,
D. Webe , Be lin, New Yo k: de G uy e , 175–192.
Schmid Wol gang P.1994: Das G iechische und die al eu opäische Hyd onymie.
– Linguis icae scien iciae collec anea: ausgewähl e Sch i en on Wol gang P. Schmid. An-
läßlich seines 65 Gebu s ages, h sg. on J. Becke , E. Egge s, J. Udolph, D. Webe ,
Be lin, New Yo k: de G uy e , 167–174.
Schmid Wol gang P.1994: Das La einische und die Al eu opa-Theo ie. – Linguis-
icae scien iciae collec anea: ausgewähl e Sch i en on Wol gang P. Schmid. Anläßlich
seines 65 Gebu s ages, h sg. on J. Becke , E. Egge s, J. Udolph, D. Webe , Be lin,
New Yo k: de G uy e , 175–192.
Schmid Wol gang P.1994: Indoge manis ische Modelle und os eu opäische F üh-
geschich e. – Linguis icae scien iciae collec anea: ausgewähl e Sch i en on Wol gang
P. Schmid. Anläßlich seines 65 Gebu s ages, h sg. on J. Becke , E. Egge s, J. Udolph,
D. Webe , Be lin, New Yo k: de G uy e , 226–247.
Schmid Wol gang P. 1988: Zu einigen kel isch-bal ischen Namen-En sp echun-
gen. Fes gabe ü We ne Thomas zum 65 Gebu s ag, h sg. on P. Kos a, S udia Indo-
ge manica e Sla ica, München: O o Sagne , 49–56.
Udolph Jü gen 1999: Bal isches in Niede sachsen? – Flo ilegium Linguis icum. Fes -
sch i ü Wol gang P. Schmid zum 70. Gebu s ag, h sg. on J. Becke , E. Egge s,
J. Udolph, D. Webe , Be lin, New Yo k: Pe e Lang, 493–508.
Udolph Jü gen 2011: „Bal isches“ und „Sla isches“ in no ddeu schen O sna-
men. – In e e enz-Onomas ik. Namen in G enz- und Begegnungs äumen in Geschich e und
Gegenwa , h sg. on W. Haub ichs, H. Tie enbach, Saa b ücke Kolloquium des A -
bei sk eises ü Namen o schung om 5.–7. Ok obe 2006 (= Ve ö en lichungen de
Kommission ü Saa ländische Landesgeschich e und Volks o schung 43), Saa b ücken:
Kommission ü Saa ländische Landesgeschich e und Volks o schung e.V., 313–331.
Udolph Jü gen 1990: Die S ellung de Gewässe namen Polens inne halb de al eu opäi-
schen Hyd onymie, Heidelbe g: Ca l Win e Uni e si ä s e lag.
Udolph Jü gen 2017: Heima und Ausb ei ung indoge manische S ämme im Lich-
e de Namen o schung. – Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 76, 173–249.
G asilda Blažienė & Laimu is Bilkis (H sg.).
Li auische O s-, Flu - und Gewässe namen im eu opäischen Kon ex
Recenzijos / Re iews 359
Udolph Jü gen 2020: Inn < *Penos? 100 Jah e Ve band ü O s- und Flu namen-
o schung in Baye n e.V. – 80 Jah e Wol -A min on Rei zens ein. Ein onomas isches
Gebu s agsgebinde, h sg. on Rüdige Ha nisch. Blä e ü obe deu sche Namen o -
schung 57, 345–365.
This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
JÜRGEN UDOLPH
S einb ei e 9, D-37124 Rosdo , Ge many Loca ed in he ci y o Rosdo , Ge many
[Email p o ec ed]