Insigh s 257 o he Inspec ion
JONAS PALIONIS
The Uni e si y o Vilnius
Resea ch a eas: his o y o Li huanian w i en language,
cul u e o he common language, publica ion and s udy o
old Li huanian w i ings, onomas ics.
Wha is w ong wi h you? Wha is w ong wi h you?
Las bu no leas , we men ioned he 100 h anni e sa y o he bi h o he amous
Li huanian poe , essayis , ansla o and Nobel P ize winne Česlo Milašijus
(Milošo). In Li huanian adio, ele ision, and pe iodicals, his su name is now usually
used in he o m Mlošas. This is a sligh ly modi ied e sion o he ex ound in he
2011 book Con ex s o Li huanian Czechoslo akian Milos published by Vik o iya
Daujo y ė and Mindaugas K ie kauskas. Howe e , in he enemy's independen
Li huania, his amous w i e and cul u al igu e was some imes called Milasimi. And
i 's no a coincidence, and i 's no he e o s o he speake s ha ha e made his
name so amous. As can be seen om he Li huanian su name wo d (www.lpz) (LPZ II
237), he o m Milãšius is e y common in he lowland and eas e n highland a eas
( he e a e 44 cases in o al in he wo d). This gi es g ounds o belie e ha his
su name may be o Li huanian o igin and ela ed o he Li huanian wo d mlas s o as
ilnonis namų da bo audeklas, which also has he ansposed meaning impuden man,
inginys (LKŽ VIII 184 […]185). This assump ion would be suppo ed especially by he
la e ans e ed meaning, ixed in he dis ic s o Ga lia a, Geis a , Paja onio,
Vi balio, i.e. in he e ening high- ise buildings (LKŽ VIII […] 1845), especially i i had
a isen in ancien imes.
The su names Milãšas, Mlašis, Mila-Milašáuskas, Milašáuskas, Milašẽ ičius and
o he s a e undoub edly ela ed o he su name Milãšius. The names o he illages
de i ed om his su name a e: Milãšiai (Ignalinos .), Milašaičiai (Raseinių .),
Milãšinė (Vilniaus .), Milašškės (Molė ų .), Milašškiai (Jona os .), Milašinai (Kėdainių
and Ukme gės .), Milãšius (Ignalinos .) (Li huanian SSR adminis a i e- e i o ial
subdi ision known as II 185). This wide ange o shapes wi h he s one
Milošdiapazonas also allows o conside he su name Milãšius o be o Li huanian
o igin. P o . Zigmas Zinke ičius in his wo k Li huanian su names (Zinke ičius 2008:
289290) also ends o see he Li huanian o igin o his su name, al hough he does
no go in o de ail abou he o igin o he p oblem: he is sa is ied wi h i s in oduc ion o he es o ed o me su names
JONAS PALIONIS
The Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXII is he i s o he Ac a Linguis ica LXXII, and
he i s o he Ac a Linguis ica LXXII, and he i s o he Ac a Linguis ica LXXII.
The su name LPŽ Milãšius is associa ed wi h Polish Milosz and Bulga ian Miloš (LPŽ II
237). Such a connec ion is bo h his o ically and linguis ically eliable. Howe e , i s
Polish coun e pa is no common in he old Polish w i ing monumen s. The Old
English Dic iona y, edi ed by Vi oldo Tasicki, con ains only 10 cases o such wo ds
eco ded in w i ings be o e 1500 wi h he o ms Milos, Milos, Milos ( he las wo
a e La inized) (Slo nik [...] III 514-515). One o hem is om Li huania, he pe sonal
name o he ax collec o o he chu ch o Len upolis, Milos, no ed in he
diploma ic code o he Vilnius Ca hed al and he Diocese o Vilnius o 1461: Codex
Diploma icus Ecclesiae Ca hed alis Nec o Dioecesis Vilnius.
In addi ion, he code men ions he chu ch o he o me own o Len upė in
eas e n Li huania, which now belongs o Bal a usija, and om 1385 o 1795 o
he G and Duchy o Li huania ( he own is 12 km sou heas o Š enčionių, nea
he Len upė i e ). I is belie ed ha a wooden chu ch, buil by he Vilnius ica
And iy Daigi das in 1495, exis ed he e un il 1700 and was la e eno a ed in o a
b ick chu ch. The codex e ained he o m o he name o he own o Ta minė
(wi h yn < en).
The o m men ioned in he code, o cou se, does no say any hing abou he
o igin o he su name Milãšius. I only indica es he old p esence o his
pe sonal name on he e i o y o Li huania. Howe e , he wide geog aphy o
i s dis ibu ion, which has su i ed o he p esen day, and i s possible
connec ion wi h he Li huanian wo d milas pe kel ine in he meaning […]ne angus žmogus, inginys[…] suppo s he hypo hesis o i s Li huanian o igin.
Wi hou going in o he commen a y o all possible hypo heses o he o igin o he su name
Milãšiaus and lea ing i o specialis s in e ymology, i is necessa y o e u n o he p oblems o he
cu en usage o his su name. In independen Li huania, as now, he su name o m o Oska
Milašiaus (1877-1939) was used in Li huanian, al hough his F ench-language Li huanian poe and
Li huanian diploma came om he o me Mogile Go e no a e. Howe e , in he case o Česlo
Milašiaus (1911-2004), who was bo n in Še ėniai (p esen -day Kėdainiai dis ic ) and w i es in Polish, 1
Au ho inds such a d ess in as many as se en y su names, including se e al unce ain ones (pa y,
Milina ičius, Mile ičius, Miliauskas, Mile skis, e c., in which he basic pe sonal name Milis o Milius may
lie).
2 This example in V. Tašicki's dic iona y is aken om a publica ion p epa ed by J. Fijalek and V.
Semko ičius and published in K akow in 1938 […] 1948: Codex diploma icus ecclesiae ca hed alis
dioceseas Vilnensis, Codex diploma ic ka ed y i diecezji wilenskiej. I. 1387 o 1507. Wyd, please. J.
Fijałek and W. Semkowicz. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The Academy o he A s. K akow 1938-1948 (Vln) was he capi al o he Czech Republic.
240).
See also pa ag aph 3. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
A e hey loose o a e hey iendly?
The name "Milos" was used in he p e-wa pe iod in independen Li huania in he
ansla ions in o Li huanian published in 1939 by he New Roman Ca holic Chu ch
(Naujoji Romowa, 3336, p. The o m Miłosz is gi en in he Ame ican Encyclopedia o
Li huanian (LE XVIII 478)4. The la e also occu s mos o en in he w i ings o
independen Li huania ( o example, in he a icles o Tomo Venclo abou Česlo á5,
V. Daujo y ė and M. K ie kausko in he book Li huanian Con ex o Czechoslo ak
Miloš, published in
This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
The ques ion a ises as o why he su name o a pe son o iden ical o igin in he
cul u e o one Li huanian na ion is w i en in he same, Li huanian o m, and in he
o m o ano he , which also has many adjec i es Li huania […] no Li huanian? Did
he a i ude o hese wo pe sonali ies, who we e no ela ed by kinship,
owa ds he na ion ha e an in luence he e? Howe e , om he a icles o T.
Venclo , who pe sonally communica ed wi h he amous w i e Česlo , abou his
iews and ole in he his o y o Li huanian cul u e, i does no appea ha he
would ha e objec ed o being conside ed a Li huanian, he mo e he Li huanian
o m o his su name was used. In addi ion, Česlo himsel w i es ha he
"Lenkian-speaking Li huanian" ype o consciousness, which has his o ically
de eloped in he e i o y o he LDK, has also sp ead o he e hnic Li huanian
lands (Milosz 2003: 58). Isn' his he ype o pe son ha Cheslo conside s himsel
o be? I hink i 's p e y ob ious. The e o e, he a oidance o using he Li huanian
o m o his su name is comple ely unjus i ied and e en s ange, illogical. Bo h
Oska and Česlo should be called Li huanian Milas, and no di e en o ms o su names, as is done no only in he w i ings o ou li e a y his o ians, bu e en in he a o emen ioned encyclopedias.
I is also wo h men ioning ha he wo ks w i en abou he li e o Česlo Milašijus
indica e an unusual o m o his bi h name. In he Ame ican Encyclopedia o
Li huanians i is w i en ha he was bo n in Ša einiai (p. 478), and in T. Venclo a's
book Vilnius names (Venclo a 2006: 298) […] In Ša einiai, nea Kėdainiai. Howe e , nei he
he Li huanian SSR adminis a i e- e i o ial di ision in o ma ion no he
Vie o a džių wo d o m Še einiai is a ailable. Only She enians (II 302) a e known, and
in his dic iona y […] d ejopa: She enians and She enians, i.e. a ian o ms. The
i s is gi en he e in he second syllable ( he second in he owels), so i is
conside ed a no m. Spelling and use o he same su name wice is linguis ically
unjus i iable.
4 This may ha e been e iewed by he edi o s o he Wo ld Li huanian Encyclopedia, see This is VLE XV 144.
5 Face 35 and elsewhe e.
JONAS PALIONIS
260 o he Li huanian Language Ac LXXII
LITERATŪRA
Daujo y ė Vik o ija, K ie kauskas Mindaugas 2011: Lie u iškieji Česlo o Mi-
lošo kon eks ai. Vilnius: Lie u ių li e a ū os i au osakos ins i u as.
LE IV; XVIII – Lie u ių enciklopedija 4; 18. Bos on, 1959; 1985.
Lie u os TSR adminis acinio- e i o inio suski s ymo žinynas 2. Vilnius, 1976.
LKŽ VIII – Lie u ių kalbos žodynas 8. Vilnius, 1970.
LPŽ I–II – Lie u ių pa a džių žodynas 1–2. Vilnius: Mokslas, 1985–1989.
Milosz Czeslaw 2003: Iš yka į D idešim me į. Vilnius: Pas i ęs pasaulis.
Naujoji Romu a. 1939, N . 33–34; 45.
Słownik s a opolskich nazw osobowych 3, ed. Wi old Taszycki. W ocaw, 1973.
Veidas. 2004, N . 35.
Venclo a Tomas 2006: Vilniaus a dai. Vilnius: R. Paknio leidykla.
Vie o a džių žodynas 2002. Vilnius: Mokslo i enciklopedijų leidybos ins i u as.
VLE I–XXV – Visuo inė lie u ių enciklopedija 1–25. Vilnius: Mokslo i enciklopedijų
leidybos cen as, 2001–2015.
Zinkiewicz-Zigmas, 2008: Li huanian su names and su names. Vilnius:
Li huanian Language Ins i u e.
Республика Беларусъ 4. Минск, 2007.
Deli e ed on 5 June 2015
JONAS PALIONIS
This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.