S aipsniai / A icles 11
PIETRO U. DINI
Uni e si ä Pisa
This is he ORCID id: o cid.o g/0000-0002-9063-1783
Fields o esea ch: Diach onic linguis ics, Linguis ic
his o iog aphy, His o y o Bal ic languages, P ussian, Li huanian
and La ian philology and linguis ics.
I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou .
ZUR TEXTUELLEN
GRUNDLAGE DES
Highly P ussian
ENCHIRIDIONS
BEI VATER (1821) was bo n in
To him o he
Des oyed
„VH“-EXEMPLAR*
Va e io p ūsiškojo Enchi idiono (1821) pi minio
eks o, a ba p a as ojo „HV“ egzemplio iaus,
Lis en o his .
On he occasion o he 200 h anni e sa y o he publica ion o
he edi ion by Johann Se e in Va e : 18212021
The anno a ion
Impo an aspec s ela ed o Fa he 's edi ion o he […]Enchi idion[…] (1821) ha e been
insu icien ly elucida ed o da e. This applies in pa icula o he ela ionship be ween he
ex published by Fa he and a p e iously unknown one in which he olume
*
My name is P o . D . D . h.c. We ne Leh eld (Gö ingen) bo h o an exchange o ideas on he
subjec discussed he e and o his help in deciphe ing some passages as well as
ü eine Du chsich des deu schen Tex es dieses Bei ages seh e p lich e .
PIETRO U. DINI
12 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI (Linguis ic Ac s o he Li huanians)
This is Ms. Bo uss. Follow. 462. (Be lin) con ained a handw i en copy o his memo ial. This
A. E. Hennig ha diese Absch i au de G undlage eines un olls ändigen O iginald ucks
des Enchi idions ange e ig , das ihm als P i a eigen um gehö e. Sei Nesselmann (1845)
specimen is p esumed los . This p in ed copy is based on Hennig's copy and hus also on Va e 's
edi ion, as e idenced by bo h in e nal and ex e nal a gumen s. He was missing pages 126 o 134.
S angely enough, old P ussian enchi idions a e e e ed o as […]HV[…] specimens.
is de Tex in de Ausgabe Va e s as zwei Sei en kü ze als de jenige de Absch i .
Au g und eine Ve gleichung un e schiedliche Ma e ialien lassen sich bes imm e Züge
des e schollenen Exempla s e mi eln. Ich wü de o schlagen, dieses Exempla des
SCHLAGWORTE: Al p eußisch, Enchi idion, Johann Se e in Va e , Ab aham E ns
Hennig, Ka l Fabe .
The anno a ion
Some impo an aspec s o he edi ion o Va e (1821) a e s ill no e y clea , pa icula ly
he ela ionship be ween he ex published by Va e and he manusc ip copy o he Old
P ussian Enchi idion kep in he olume Ms. bo uss. ol. 462. (Be lin), which has been
unknown un il now. The copy was ca ied ou by A. E. Hennig on he base o an incomple e
p in ed copy o he Enchi idion, which was his own p ope y. Since Nesselmann (1845), his
copy o he OP . Enchi idion has been conside ed los . Bo h in e nal and ex e nal a gumen s
show ha he los incomple e p in ed copy was he s a ing poin o Hennig's manusc ip
and consequen ly also o Va e 's edi ion. The incomple e copy was missing pages 126134.
Oddly enough, he ex published by Va e is wo pages sho e han Hennig's manusc ip
copy. A compa ison o di e en da a also allows us o es o e some ea u es o he los
copy. I would p opose o call his copy he […]HV[…]-copy. KEYWORDS: Old P ussian, Enchi idion,
Johann Se e in Va e , Ab aham E ns , who was bo n in he illage o Enchi idion.
Hennig and Ka l Fabe .
This is a e y impo an ini ia i e and I would like o hank he appo eu , M Belde , o his cons uc i e app oach o he Commission's p oposal.
The P ussians ha e so a paid li le a en ion o he edi ion o he Old P ussian
Thi d Ca echism, he so-called Enchi idion, by Johann Se e in Va e om he
yea 1821. A bes , i is now conside ed o be o Old P ussian o igin, bu i has
als bloße his o iog aphische Sel enhei angesehen. Ih We ü die E o schung
ha dly been app ecia ed so a . The ollowing s a emen s will show ha he
aspec s associa ed wi h his edi ion ha e so a been insu icien ly illumina ed,
Ausgabe in de al p eußischen Philologie einen Sonde all da s ell . Wich ige
especially he ela ionship be ween he one ha Fa he Heckmann edisco e ed
A icles 13 and 14 o he S ai s Code
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
in Be lin in 2019 and hus edisco e ed. The main pu pose o his pape is o
e ö en lich en Tex und eine Absch i des Enchi idions, die D . Ma ie-Luise
To examine he ela ionship mo e closely.
This is no abou e alua ing Fa he 's impo ance as a P ussian. I would like o
Fe ne wi d hie nich die Absich e olg , das Ve häl nis zwischen dem on
Va e e ö en lich en Tex des Enchi idions und den ande en bekann en
Exempla en1 dieses Sp achdenkmals zu e o schen. Au dieses Thema
soll an diese S elle nu am Rande eingegangen we den, weil es e dien ,
Gegens and eine eigens ändigen, g ündliche en Analyse zu we den (siehe 7.).
Vielmeh gedenke ich, mich au die En s ehung de Ausgabe on Va e zu
ask he Commissione whe he he is awa e o he ac ha he Commission
has no ye aken a decision on his ma e . This s ep is essen ial i he
philological adi ion o he mos impo an Old P ussian language monumen
is o be econs uc ed as comp ehensi ely and exhaus i ely as possible.
1. HENNIG UND VATER IN KÖNIGSBERG
Zu An ang des 19. Jah hunde s le n en sich in Königsbe g zwei gleichal ige
Schola s a e lea ning, Johann Se e in Va e and Ab aham E ns Hennig. Thei
iendship and coope a ion should bea an impo an ui o he s udy o Old
P ussian, he i s edi ion o he Old P ussian
Enchi idions au de G undlage eines O iginald ucks aus dem 16. Jah hunde .
1.1. Johann Se e in Va e
Johann Se e in Va e has o en been po ayed as a e sa ile schola who has cul i a ed di e en
ields o expe ise. Gö z on Selle (1965) uses a i ing de ini ion: "Fa he has decided ea u es o an
old-s yle polyhis o ". On he basis o my own in es iga ions (see Ve . 2019) I can s a e ha a p esen
he ollowing copies o he old P ussian "Enchi idion" a e kep in Ge man lib a ies: he "B1" copy, S a e
Lib a y o Be lin […] P ussian Cul u al P ope y (House No. 1, P ussian Cul u al P ope y (House No. 2,
Be lin-Dahlem), Signa u e: 60, 17; he "D" copy, S a e Uni e si y Lib a y o D esden, Signa u e: Li . I 's
called Sla . 51.
den Linden), Signa u : Lib. imp . a . Qua . 182; das „B2“-Exempla , Geheimen S aa sa chi
PIETRO U. DINI
14 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI so on ha o Wilhelm on Humbold s (Haym
1894), which he a he conside s o be mo e app op ia e. Kuhn w i es: "His
einen gu en Biblio heka , hingegen ü einen schlech en Linguis en hiel . Zu
diesem Punk e a Kuhn (1895) noch eine ande e Meinung, die ich auch
[Fa he 's] linguis ic wo ks dese e, om he poin o iew o hei ime, all
p aise". In ac , i should be ecalled he e ha F anz Bopp's amous linguis ic
wo k was no published un il 1816 and his con ibu ion o he s udy o Old
P ussian, he ea ise "On he Language o Old P ussia", un il 1853. Uebe e[…] e,
Sp achleh e, Wö e buch[…] (p in ed in Halle, bu published in B aunschweig, 1821)
Wie auch imme die U eile übe Va e aus allen mögen, so is jeden alls
unbes ei ba , dass sein We k „Die Sp ache de al en P euʃsen: Einlei ung,
is o be ega ded as g oundb eaking despi e all i s sho comings2.
J. S. Va e was bo n in Al enbu g in 1771. The mos impo an s ages o his s udies
and ca ee a e he ollowing: 1790-1794 s udies in Jena and Halle; The Vene ia Legendi
was acqui ed in Halle in 1795 and in Jena in 1796. 1799 Appoin men as an o dina y
p o esso o heology and o he Mo occan languages o his pe iod Coope a ion
nach Halle; 1809 Übe siedlung nach Königsbe g, Au en hal do bis 1820. In
wi h A. E. Hennig, who e y likely occupied Fa he 's Heb ew, has J. Ch . Adelung's
In e esse ü das Al p eußische geweck ha .
Va e ha sich auch mi den semi ischen Sp achen, besonde s mi dem
"Mi h ida es" con inued, aking in o accoun Alexande on Humbold 's knowledge
o he Basque and he Can ab ian languages. In 1820-1821 he e u ned o Halle, and in
hese yea s his s udy on Old P ussian also appea ed. In Halle, Fa he de o ed
himsel in ensi ely o chu ch his o y and he Sla ic languages. Acco ding o some
esea che s, he was he ounde and i s ep esen a i e o Halleschen Sla ism
(Be nhagen 1964; Fleckens ein 1997).
This a icle was o iginally published by Jeho ah's Wi nesses.
Fo s eu e (1955: 48) exp esses his app ecia ion o Ab aham E ns Hennig when he says ha
he is " he eal o ganize o he Königsbe g S a e A chi es". He emphasizes: "Hennig enjoyed, as
wi h he au ho i ies, so also wi h he scien i ic wo ld, a high epu a ion" (ibid., 2 A es imony o
his a e discussions o his book no only in Ge many (c . Mone 1821; G imm 1822), bu also in
S. 50). Auße dem e wähn e , »[z]u seinen Fö de en gehö en J. S. Va e ,
Wa saw (c . Linde 1822).
S aipsniai A icles 15 and 15
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
he me i o ious esea che o he Old P ussian language, and he his o ian
A. Hulmann[…] (ibid., p. 50) was bo n in Ge many.
A. E. Hennig was bo n in Tha au (Eas e n P ussia) in 1771. He s udied heology and
hen his o y in Königsbe g and a o he Ge man uni e si ies. The main s a ions
o his ca ee a e he ollowing: 1799 Lec u e a he F ied ichskolleg in
Königsbe g; 1800 pa ish p ies in Schmauch; Doc o a e in philology a he
Uni e si y o Königsbe g; 1805 1806-1808 Teache a he dis ic school in
Goldingen [Le . Kuldīga], Ku land; 1810 Di ec o o he sec e P ussian s a e
a chi es in Königsbe g; 1811 P o esso o his o ical auxilia y sciences and
lib a ian o he Royal and Wallen od School
The lib a y 3.
Hennig was e y in e es ed in Bal ic his o y, especially he a chaeology o Al li land
and Ku land. He published a opog aphical-his o ical desc ip ion o he ci y o
Ins e bu g (Königsbe g, Kan e ), he S a u es o he Ge man O de (Königsbe g, 1806),
a his o y o he ci y o Goldingen (Mi au [Le . Cēsis], 1809) as well as he P ussian
Ch onicle o Luke Da id (Königsbe g, 1812[…]1817; o olume 7. In 1797 he also w o e
nume ous his o ical, s a is ical and linguis ic wo ks, in pa icula on La ian.
I should be no ed ha Hennig was also a bibliophile. Fa he speaks o Hennig's
p ide in being able o keep a unique p in in his p i a e lib a y, namely an o iginal
p in o he Ap il. I 's called Enchi idions.
No e in Adelungs Mi h ida es (1809) 1.3. This is a lis o people who ha e been awa ded he Nobel P ize in Physiology o Medicine.
Hennig's name is i s ound in connec ion wi h he ap . Enchi idion in Johann Ch is oph
Adelungs and Johann Se e in Va e s Mi h ida es o gene al linguis ics (1806-1817). I is well
known ha in his mul i- olume and amous wo k, he au ho s published he ex o Ou
Fa he in many languages o he wo ld. Hennig is men ioned in he ollowing exce p om he
second pa o he book: […]The co ec o mula [o ou Fa he ] is he las om he mos
a e Enchi idion o Chu ch Agenda in Old P ussian, Königsbe g, 1561, 3 o mo e in o ma ion.
Fo s eu e (1955: 47 […] 61); also known as Fo s eu e This Decision shall en e in o o ce on
he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. 4 Adelung (1809: 702). This is he i s ime ha his has
happened. I do no unde s and why he Enchi idion is e e ed o he e as he "Chu ch Agenda".

PIETRO U. DINI
16 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI
kl. 4, welche de He P edige Hennig besi ze . Diese und de Ka echismus sind
P obably he only au hen ic emnan s o his language. Re e
So e äh man in e essan e Da en, die an ande e S elle eine nähe e
Beach ung e ah en sollen. Fü den o liegenden Zweck können wi uns au
diejenigen Da en besch änken, die sich au Ab aham E ns Hennig und dessen
o he Enchi idion specimen. I u ns ou ha :
(1) sich dieses Exempla des Enchi idions im Besi z des P edige s Hennig
be and;
(2) he Enchi idion was al eady conside ed "highly
(3) den Ve asse n des Mi h ida es damals lediglich ein O iginald uck
a e" in 1809; was known.
1.4. The Old P ussian in he Index (1815) o Fa he
The s a e o Fa he 's knowledge o he Bal ic languages be o e and up o his lexicon
Zusammena bei mi Hennig is gu zu e kennen in seinem We k Lingua um o ius
o bis Index alphabe icus, qua um G amma icae, Lexica, collec iones ocabulo um
ecensen u , pa ia signi ica u , his o ia adumb a u ode Li e a u de G amma iken,
and collec ions o wo ds o all he languages o he ea h in alphabe ical o de o he
languages, wi h a p essed o e iew o he a he land, he a es and kinship o he
same (1815) (see Figu e 8 N. 33). The e you will ind b ie in o ma ion in Ge man and La in
on La ian and Li huanian. As o he genealogical a ilia ion o hese languages,
Fa he conside ed hem o be a mix u e o elemen s o mos ly Sla ic and o a
conside able ex en Ge manic o igin. He e he Old P ussian is b ie ly conside ed in
connec ion wi h he Li huanian, namely wi h he Li huanian dialec s, so ha one
canno escape he imp ession ha he […]...and he Old P ussian, o which ew, bu
pa ly pu e , a e close o he common na u e o he ela ed languages, Uebe bleibsel
communem ha um dialec o um o mam p opi iden u […].
Au o das Al p eußische eben ü einen Dialek des Li auischen gehal en ha ,
obwohl e das nich ausd ücklich sag . Speziell zum Al p eußischen heiß es5:
e hal en sind.
... um e e is P ussicae, cujus pauca, quae e iamnum ex an , monumen a ad
Fa he 5 (1815: 133 […] 134). He was he son o a weal hy me chan .
S aipsniai A icles 17 and 17
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
In dem Auszug sp ich Va e nu on agen Übe bleibseln des Al p eußischen,
As i he had no idea o he exis ence o an example o ha a he he e used he
Enchi idions gehab . Na ü lich kann das nich de Fall gewesen sein, weil dieses
Exempla ja be ei s im Mi h ida es (1809) e wähn wo den wa . Es is au ällig,
same wo d […] […]su i al[…] […] as in Mi h ida es. This is he e o e o be
unde s ood as e e ing o he la ge Old P ussian language monumen , he
Enchi idion.
2. VATERS VORWORT (1821)
Va e s S udie wu de ein Vo wo o anges ell , das in schönem al e ümlichen
Ge man is composed o nume ous complex syn ac ic cons uc ions. A he end i
says: "Halle, he 15 h". [Oc obe ] 1820. Wha a e you doing? To illus a e he
ela ionship be ween Fa he 's edi ion and he newly disco e ed copy o he
Enchi idion, i will be help ul o highligh and commen on some passages om he
o ewo d.
2.1. A single o iginal p in ?
Hennig is c edi ed wi h an impo an ole in he o ewo d. A i s he is in oduced as
a esea che and iend o he his o y o no he n Eu ope and his in e es in Old
P ussian is desc ibed: […][...] he p ese a ion o he only emaining sou ce o mo e
accu a e knowledge o he ancien language, […][...], we owe o ha esea ching iend
o he his o y o he No h, Hennig. He has […]chon in Mi h ida es Bd. II: S. 702. This is he
i s ime I' e seen i . I would like o d aw you a en ion o he mo e de ailed
ca echism, which is he only one he has ye o ead. I would like o ask he
e ʃiche e auch, ungeach e alle ieljäh igen Nach age und ʃeine Bekann ʃcha
P esiden -in-O ice o he Council whe he he is p epa ed o accep he amendmen s
abled by he Commi ee on he Rules o P ocedu e, he Ve i ica ion o C eden ials
habe ich ebenʃo e geblich gemach .)« (S. VIII–IX).
and Immuni ies. (La e edi ions o his ype he e emphasize ha Hennig was
ecognized as a connoisseu o Old P ussian an iqui ies and ha he a ibu ed o
übe das ap . Enchi idion beige agen habe (siehe 1.3.). Danach äg e die
wich igs en In o ma ionen übe einen O iginald uck des ap . Enchi idions aus
Mi h ida es he e sion o he indica ion o he XVI. o he cen u y:
PIETRO U. DINI
18 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI (Linguis ic Ac s o he Li huanians)
Fi s o all. Hennig had an o iginal p in o he Enchi idion in his p i a e
possession. The in o ma ion " ha he alone is s ill ali e" is closely ela ed o he
in e p e a ion o he place in ques ion by Mi h ida es and was
schon um 1809 bekann gewesen.
Zwei ens. Hennig „ e siche “, ihm sei kein wei e e O iginald uck bekann –
„nich ein zwei es Exempla “ –, obwohl e lange und geziel nach einem solchen
Exempla gesuch habe. In einem Klamme sa z in o mie Va e da übe , dass
auch e e olglos nach einem ande en O iginald uck des Enchi idions gesuch
habe.
Thi dly. Finally, my a he makes a wish o his eade s: i a any ime he e should be
ano he copy o he Enchi idion, hen i should hope ully be possible o close a gap
which, due o he absence o he inal pa in wha was hen he only ecognized copy
o he Enchi idion hanging on his o iginal p in , he would ha e aken i on a ip om
Exempla on Hennig esul ie .
Wei e e äh man aus Va e s Be ich (1821: S. IX), dass Hennig so seh
Py hus o Badmon , wi h he in en ion o s udying i on he way: he used o nou ish
his appe i e, he ook he same, in o de , as he asked me, o explo e he old Py hus
soon, bu now he wai ed o i and lay he e.
»Abe ge ade dieʃem einzigen Denkmale d oh e ʃelbʃ on de Sei e ʃeines
wacke n E hal e s die g öʃs e Ge ah de Ve nich ung. In de Ho nung, welche
Then Fa he exp esses his joy ha Hennig's Enchi idion had been sa ed.
Since Hennig had appa en ly been a elling unaccompanied and was in
Zanzhausen (in he dis ic o Landsbe g an de Wa he) on he 23 d. The mon h o May
1815 une wa e e s o ben wa , habe die Ge ah bes anden, dass ein solches
The li le book is los .
How easily he liked in Olchem, p o ec ed by no iend's hand, o lea e in him all he
ein kleines unʃcheinba es, un ollʃ ändiges Büchlein unbeach e e lo en gehen, und
close acquain ances o he language o ancien P ussia.
S aipsniai A icles 19 and 19
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
2.2. The eme gence o Hennig's copy
Appa en ly, he e was a con e sa ion be ween he wo lea ned iends be o e
Hennig's depa u e o Bad Py mon , in he cou se o which Fa he Hennig issued a
wa ning o Hennig, which was o p o e decisi e o he a e o he "Büchlein". The
same wi h me, a iend, spoke, and showed me ha monumen : I swo e o him, in he
Va e (1821: S. IX–X) be ich e da on mi den olgenden Wo en:
»Als de Beʃi ze übe jene wei e Reiʃe und ʃeinen Plan de Beʃchä igung au
name o wisdom: he e he is qui e he same, as he en iched, qui e he only monumen
on one, a a disad an age, which should be aken di e en ly wi h me, han he e he
mus i s make a e y accu a e copy and pu i back. This exce p ei e a es bo h
con ic ions ha Hennig is he only exis ing specimen o he ap . Enchi idion has i . had
o make o had o ha e made an exac copy. Then, wi h my hea el conce n o he
na u e o he jou ney, you mus ha e made an imp ession on him, since he is, as I
unde s and i , om M . Go on, hen. A chi is Fabe lea ned o a copy o ha
Auße dem e ah en wi , dass, be o Hennig seine Reise an a , e „eine ganz
ca echism, which was sealed wi h he insc ip ion: "The e, i he does no e u n om
äh Va e (ibid.) o :
»De E nʃ , mi dem ich dabei als Sp ach o ʃche geʃp ochen ha e, e bunden
he kingdom, I shall ecei e he same as a sou eni and p ope y, le in his hands".
Hennig had he e o e ollowed his iend's ad ice and made a copy o his own
copy o he Enchi idion be o e lea ing. In his way, a copy o he o iginal
p in ing had been p oduced and le in Königsbe g in he hands o he a chi is
Ka l Fabe , wi h he s ipula ion ha in he wo s case his should ac in a o
o he a he as execu o o he will.
PIETRO U. DINI
26 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI (Linguis ic Ac s o he Li huanians)
3.2. The owne 's s amp
Bo h a he beginning (on map 2b) and a he end (on map 62b) his s amp iden i ies
des Bandes on Ms. Bo . In Fol. N. 462. wie auch in dem Ve zeichnis is ein
o e Besi ze s empel mi doppel e Außenlinie angeb ach .
hose olumes ha en e ed he holdings o he Royal Lib a y o Be lin in he
pe iod be ween 1795 and 1840. F om he o ewo d o Fa he (1821) we al eady know
(see 2.3.) ha he ans e o Hennig's copy oge he wi h o he ma e ials o
Be lin ook place a ound he yea 1820.
Copy o 2b Copy o 62b
Lis o 64.
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
See also 8. Ve . (2020a: S. 327[…]328) wi h bibliog aphy.

S aipsniai / A icles 27
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
3.3. The Fa he 's Rema k
Das Ms. bo uss. ol. 462. en häl auch eine unda ie e Beme kung on Va e
(siehe 8. Abbildung N. 37). Sie is in demselben Band unmi elba nach de
Absch i mi diese zusammengebunden wo den. De Volls ändigkei halbe sei
He ex is as ollows:
Beme kung des He n Doc o Va e ʒu Halle.
So wei eich das O iginal, welches ʃich in dem,
As a as we know, he e is s ill one copy, p in ed and
in dem geheimen A chi e ʒu Königsbe g be inde
ep in ed in my a he 's language o Old P ussia. In
he o egoing abb e ia ion […] ehe […]o iel on each
side, as in he o iginal. Tha M . Ge ou o he e.
Abd uck is nochmals mi dem O iginale e glichen,
und die Abweichungen in Accen en und In e punc i-
on ʃind in dem nach olgenden Ve ʒeichniʃʃ on
A chi a 9 Fabe is loca ed in Königsbe g; I would like
o ask he Commissione whe he he is awa e o he
ac ha he Commission has no ye aken a decision on his ma e , and i so, wha is he Commission's posi ion?
I could be.
In his ema k, Va e desc ibes he s a e o his knowledge o he Old
P ussian Enchi idion, which he had achie ed oge he wi h Hennig and o which
he p esen a icle has al eady spoken. A e ha , he e was only one
o iginal p in ing o he ap . I 's called Enchi idions. (a) This copy was kep in
he sec e a chi e in Königsbe g. (b) I has been p in ed and published in Va e
(1821).
(c) Die Absch i is Sei e ü Sei e nach dem O iginald uck buchs aben eu
e s ell wo den.
(d) I has been compa ed once again wi h he o iginal p in . (e)
Some […] mainly g aphical […] de ia ions a e in he so-called.
Ve zeichnis Fabe s zusammenges ell wo den.
( ) Diese Ma e ialien – Absch i , Ve zeichnis und Abd uck – können den
Replace he o iginal p in .
9 I is no clea o ead […]A chi e[…]; I 's p obably "a chi e" o "a chi e", which is p obably a
spelling e o .
PIETRO U. DINI
28 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI
Die Beme kung weis die P äzisie ung „zu Halle“ au , die als Angabe de
The main wo kplace o he au ho o he ema k is o be unde s ood. One can
is leide nich angegeben. Abe da sich Hennig e s im Jah 1815 au die Reise
mach e und seine Absch i schon ühe ange e ig und Fabe übe geben ha e,
assume ha Fa he w o e his ema k only a e his da e, namely be ween
1815 and 1820, when he was also s ill ac i e in Königsbe g.
Will man auch dem Ausd uck „in Va e ’s Sp ache de al en P euʃʃen wiede
abged uck iʃ “ Glauben schenken, dann wü de das bedeu en, dass Va e die
This ema k was made a he ea lies a e he publica ion o his s udy, i.e. in
1821. In any case, i is easy o see ha Fa he does no claim o ha e been he
au ho o he ansc ip .
3.4. The Fabe di ec o y
A he end o Ms. Bo uss. Follow. 462. h ee mo e olded ca ds (63a[…]64b) o a la ge
o ma a e added wi hou a i le. These maps a e known as Fabe 's di ec o y (see
Figu e 8 N. 38). Since 1808 Ka l Fabe has been wo king as an a chi is in Königsbe g.
He was bo n he e in 1773 and died he e in 1853. His nume ous publica ions bea
wi ness o his keen in e es in his o ical
Topics co e ed 10.
Reques ing Fa he as al eady in 2.5. indica ed […] Fabe ca ied ou a check o he
ansc ip on he basis o he Königsbe ge o iginal p in . The de ia ions o Hennig's
E gebnis diese Kon olle is eben das Ve zeichnis, das die on Fabe e mi el en
copy om he o iginal p in a e lis ed. Abou 90 de ia ions a e lis ed he e.
In e es ingly, inhe i ances and gi s o he a he (1821: p. 183) should be collec ed. I
un e ande em ge ade alle diejenigen Fälle un e s ichen, die spä e in den
is no di icul o suppose ha Fa he himsel is he au ho o hese unde lines.
gewesen is , au die e sich dann in dem Abschni Ve beʃʃe ungen und Zuʃä ze in
seine S udie s ü z e.
I is ce ainly possible o de e mine Fabe 's enchi idions h ough a mo e
Ve zeichnis wei e e Fo men und Züge des Königsbe ge O iginald uckes des ap .
ho ough examina ion. Howe e , his is also a ask which should be unde aken a
a la e da e. 10 Abou Fabe , see also This is K ollman (1974); Fo s eu e (1955:
47-48). This is he i s ime I' e seen i .
S aipsniai A icles 29 and 29
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
4. DATENSAMMLUNGEN:
EINE VERGLEICHENDE ANALYSE
Um in die Tex g undlage on Va e s Ausgabe einen konk e e en Einblick
zu gewinnen, kann man un e schiedlichen A en on Hinweisen nachgehen.
In my iew, i is pa icula ly wo hwhile o ca y ou a compa a i e analysis o
h ee combined collec ions o da a, namely Hennig's ansc ip , Fa he 's beques s
and addi ions and Fabe 's di ec o y. The e a e 23 co ec ions (plus wo o he s, 1.
(See also Re ela ion 12:15, Fa he 2:12, Re ela ion 63).
die abe nu den mode nisie en deu schen Tex on Va e be e en), die hie
gemäß de Va e schen Reihen olge au ge üh we den sollen:11
Figu e h ee
Al hough Hennig in he sec ion. The o m is al eady w i en as […]dinkauimai[…] (and p esumably
ha e, ließ Va e sie als <dinkaumai> d ucken. In den Ve bess. s ell e e abe die
ko igie e Sch eibung <dinkauimai> wiede he , genau so, wie sie im Ve z.
also in he o iginal p in ). 11 In he ollowing b ie commen s I use he ollowing abb e ia ions: […]
he handw i en copy o he ap . Enchi idions by Hennig; Fa he , whose edi ion o 1821; Ve z. […]
he co ec ions compiled by Fabe ; I 's called Ve bess. […] he inhe i ances and addi ions o
a he (1821: 183; see Figu e 8.35). I call he o iginal p in (o p in ) an unknown, now los copy o he
Ap il. Enchi idions, which Hennig hea d and which he used o a inal compa ison.
PIETRO U. DINI
30 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI, which was published in
(See also Re ela ion 12:17, Fa he 2:16, Re ela ion 63).
ABBILDUNG N. 4
This case is complica ed. Al eady in he sec ion. he o m was imp o ed o
<Lānkinan> wi h <n> a he end. Fa he had i i s made as […]Lānkina>
d ucken, spä e abe , in den Ve bess., ko igie e e sie zu <Lānkinan>. Das
Ve z. zeig hingegen <Lankinan> ohne Längezeichen, so dass die Ko ek u
[…]Lānkinan> wi h a leng h ma k only on he basis o he o iginal p in ing. (See
also 13a, 12; Fa he 4:2, 63).
This is Figu e 5.
S aipsniai A icles 31 and 31
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
In he case o […]eggen[…], Fa he i s ead as in he sec ion, bu la e he
co ec ed he o m o […]eggē[…]. In he case o […] e[…]ma[…], he a he 's o m
was al eady di e en om ha o he abb e ia ion. whe e […] e[…]mu[…] is
ob iously p esen . Bo h o ms, […]eggē[…] and […] e[…]mu[…], a e co ec in bo h
e bs. as well as in he Ve z. (as i should ha e been in he o iginal p in ). (See also
17a, 8; Fa he 9, 2: 63).
The ollowing able shows he esul s o he calcula ion:
Va e ließ <C iʃ ianikas> d ucken. Beobach e man <C iʃ ianiʃkas> in de
No e ha he o m o he second […] di e s om ha o he copy 55a,13:
e s en un e scheide ; und so e häl es sich auch in ähnlichen Fo men in de
Absch ., wie z. B. in den olgenden:
[…]C ix iani[…]kun[…].
This is a copy o 60a,1: […]C ix iānikan>.
This is a copy o 60a,3: […]K ix iani[…]kan>.
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.

PIETRO U. DINI
32 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI
Man muss deshalb zu de Annahme gelangen, dass in dem be ach e en
The case o he sec ion. he second […] he esul o a la e addi ion o his
Buchs abens is . Hingegen wa die Fo m <C iʃ ianiʃkas> ganz kla in den
Ve bess. und in dem Ve z. (so, wie es auch in dem O iginald uck sein soll e).
5. (Absch . 17a,9 : Va e 9,6 : Ve z. 63).
This is Figu e 8.
Die Absch . zeig <laku >, und so sch ieb u sp ünglich auch Va e . In den
Ve bess. ko igie e e seine Sch eibung zu <laikū > du ch zwei Ko ek u en,
which he ollowed he pa e n o he Ve z. (and p esumably a e a compa ison wi h
dem O iginald uck) o nahm.
(See also Ac s 21:1; Ac s 13:24; Ac s 63:1).
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
S aipsniai A icles 33 and 33
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
In de Absch . ha man <Bu a>. Hie ha Va e zue s die Fo m als <Bu a>
Bu a e a compa ison wi h he Ve z. (o wi h he o iginal p in ) he co ec ed
i o <Bu a>; I 's he same in he e b. (See also Ac s 24:13, Fa he 17:26, Ac s
63).
This is Figu e 10.
Because o he in he sec ion. Fa he Taukan had his w i ing p in ed. Howe e ,
i can be seen ha he di e ence be ween <L> and <T> in he Ve z. I 's clea .
Fa he la e co ec ed he e b. he o m o […]Laukan[…], acco ding o he
Ve z. (and p obably he o iginal p in as well). (See also 25a,17-18 and Fa he
19:19-20; 63).
This is Figu e 11.
PIETRO U. DINI
34 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI
A his poin , bo h sec ions a e shown. as well as he a he o one and he
same w ong spelling on: <epkieckan ikai>. La e , in he e b, co ec ed
Va e die Fo men zu <epkiekan. Beh ikai>, also mi <k> s a <ck> und un e
Hinzu ügung on <Beh> nach dem Mus e des Ve z. (und e mu lich auch des
The o iginal p in ing.
(See also 26a, 13; Fa he 20:22, 63).
This is Figu e 12.
Sowohl in de Absch . als auch bei Va e lies man < i e >, weshalb die
Ko ek u zu < i a > in den Ve bess. e s nach de Ve gleichung mi dem Ve z.
(und e mu lich mi dem O iginald uck) geschehen konn e.
(See also Ac s 27: 11; Ac s 21:26; Ac s 63:1).
ABBILDUNG N. 13
Zue s las Va e älschlich <m> s a <n>. E ko igie e spä e , in den
Ve b, he o m o <pogūnans>, as in he e b. (and p obably also in he
o iginal p in ).
S aipsniai A icles 35 and
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
(See also 29a, 11: Fa he 24,8: Ve se 63.)
This is Figu e 14.
As a esul o an inco ec eading […] […] > ins ead o […]e> […], Fa he i s had
[…] u i> p in ed, bu in he e b. He la e co ec ed he o m o […] u ei>, as i
is in he e se. (and p esumably also in he o iginal p in ) is documen ed. (Exodus
31:5; Genesis 26:14; Genesis 63:1) Wha did Jesus mean when he said: "I am he way and he u h and he li e"?
This is Figu e 15.
Fa he i s had he spelling […]eggīuns[…], as in he abb e ia ion, p in ed. In he
e bess. Bu he elimina ed he leng h sign and co ec ed he o m o […]eggiuns>.
In his case, his could only be done a e compa ison wi h he o iginal p in ,
because he posi ion in he Ve z. I 's ano he one. In ac , he o m he e had
i s been mis ead by Fabe as […]eggin[n]s> and hen co ec ed o […]eggīuns>.
PIETRO U. DINI
42 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI (Linguis ic Ac s o he Li huanians)
Collec ing da a
Absch .Va e Ve z.Ve bess.
1. […]dinkaumai> […]dinkauimai> […]dinkauimai>
[…]dinkauimai> 2. This is he i s ime I' e seen his. […] Lānkinan […] Lānkina […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […] Lānkinan […]
3. <ʃeggen>
<ʃ eʃmu> <ʃeggen>
<ʃ eʃma> <ʃeggē>
<ʃ eʃmu> <ʃeggē>
<ʃ eʃmu>
4. […]C i[…] iani[…]kas[…] […]C i[…] iani[…]kas[…] […]C i[…] iani[…]kas[…] 6.
5. <laku > <laku > <laikū > <laikū >
[…]C i[…] iani[…]kas[…] […]C i[…] iani[…]kas[…] […]C i[…] iani[…]kas[…]
[…]C i[…] iani[…]kas[…] […]C i[…] iani[…]kas[…] is he name o he game, and is
he name o he game. I'm no going o lie o you. I'm no going o lie o you.
[…]Laukan> […]Taukan> […]Laukan> […]Laukan> 8. This is he i s ime I' e seen his. I'm no going o do i . I'm no going o do i . I'm no going o do ha . Behkai is 9. This is he i s ime I' e seen i .
10. <pogūnans> <pogūmans> <pogūnans> <pogūnans>
11. < u i> < u i> < u ei> < u ei>
12. <ʃeggīuns> <ʃeggīuns> <ʃeggīuns> <ʃeggiuns>
13. <pe enniums> <pe enniums> <pe ennīuns> <pe enniuns>
14. <ʒui > <gui > <zui > <zui >
15. <andaʃei> <andaʃei> <audaʃai> <audasai>
16. […]e we p[…]enniem> […]e we p[…]enniem> […]e we p[…]ennien>
[…]e we p[…]enninn> 17. […]e we p[…]enniem[…] is he name o he game, and i
is he name o he game. I'm no going o be able o do i . I'm no going o be
able o do i . I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou . […]ei ēn iis[…]
20. <abʃe gīʃnan> <abʃe gīʃnau> <abʃe giʃnan> <abʃe gisnan>
21. <ʃ eʃʃe paggan
[…]ei ēn iis> […]ei i ēn i is> […]ei i ēn i is> wi ains> […] ee paggan wi
ains> […]kai enna ee wÿ au im ā a , […] ee wy au im ā a , […] ee paggan>
paggan>
[…]kai enna e[…]e is he name o he game.
22. <ni u ei> <ni u i> <ni u ei> <ni u ei>
23. <Noʃeilin> <Noʃeilin> <Noʃeilien> <Noʃeilien>
In se en cases, he e is an impo an di e ence be ween e bs. and Ve z. o
es ablish. Compa ed wi h he di ec o y, Fa he 's addi ions and sub ac ions
show he ollowing di e ences: once he p esence o he leng h sign (see 2.),
h ee imes i s absence (see 12.13, 17.21, and inally wo di e en spellings (see
15.20). Speci ically: To 2. […]Lānkinan> shows ha he co ec ion wi h he leng h
ma k is no only acco ding o he pa e n o he o iginal p in , bu also acco ding
o he copy
hä e geschehen können.

S aipsniai / A icles 43
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
The wel h: […]eggiuns[…]. The co ec ion […] i.e. he elimina ion o he
konn e nu nach de Ve gleichung mi dem O iginald uck geschehen.
Zu 13.: <pe enniuns>. Die Ko ek u – d. h. die Eliminie ung des
Längezeichens – konn e nu nach de Ve gleichung mi dem O iginald uck
leng h sign […].
Zu 15.: <audaʃai>. Man me k <ʃ> s a <s>; diese Ve ände ung kann schon
als alsche Nachsch eibung de Fo m in Ve z. e klä we den (siehe oben 4.).
On he 17 h: […]I p e ingi[…]. The co ec ion […] i.e. he
Längezeichens – konn e nu nach de Ve gleichung mi dem O iginald uck
elimina ion o wha happened.
20. o […]ab[…]e gi[…]nan. This is he i s ime I' e seen i . The elimina ion o he
leng h sign and also he p esence o […]...s> ins ead o […]... […] has only a e he compa ison wi h he
O iginald uck geschehen können.
Zu 21.: In diesem Fall is <y> s a <ÿ> he o zuheben.
Die wenigen Fälle, in denen die eine Ve besse ung bzw. ein Zusa z Va e s in
Fabe 's di ec o y inds no con i ma ion, a e logically o be unde s ood only in he
sense ha he publishe has looked di ec ly in he o iginal p in . Bu I ha e al eady
poin ed ou ha (1) he o iginal p in was kep in Königsbe g and (2) he inal
compa ison was no made by he publishe bu by Fabe . (3) Fu he mo e, i canno
be uled ou wi h ce ain y ha Fa he has no made any new mis akes. The new
composi ion in 4.2. could se e o possibly
Coun e -e idence o be es ablished.
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
I we assume ha he o ms in Fa he 's beques s and addi ions o specimens o
a sächlich in dem O iginald uck o handene Fo men zu ückgehen, dann wä e
es ü die Un e maue ung diese Hypo hese angeb ach , auch die d ei ande en
he Enchi idion a e o be included in he compa a i e analysis o he cases in
ques ion. In summa y, he ollowing synopsis is gi en:
Va e (1821) Exempla e des Enchi idions
Ve bess. B1 B2 D
2. […]Lānkinan[…] […]Lānkinan[…] […]Lānkinan[…] […]Lānkinan[…] […]Lānkinan[…] […]Lānkinan[…] […]Lānkinan[…] […]Lānkinan[…] […]Lānkinan[…] […]Lānkinan[…] […]Lānkinan […] […]Lānkinan […] […]Lānkinan […]
8. […]Epkiekan. Wha a e you doing?
I'm going o go
wi h you. I'm going
o ake a look a
i . I'm going o ake a look a i . I'm going o bed.
12. <ʃeggiuns> <ʃeggiuns> <ʃeggiuns> <ʃeggiuns>
13. <pe enniuns> <pe enniuns> <pe enniuns> <pe enniuns>
PIETRO U. DINI
44 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI (Linguis ic Ac s o he Li huanians)
Va e (1821) Exempla e des Enchi idions
Ve bess. B1 B2 D
15. […]audasai[…] […]auda[…]ei[…] […]auda[…]ei[…] 20. This is he i s
ime I' e seen his. […]abe gi[…]nan […]abe gī[…]nan […]abe gī[…]nan […]abe gī[…]nan […]abe gī[…]nan […]abe gī[…]nan […]abe gī[…]nan […]abe gī[…]nan […] is he name o he game, and i is he name o he game.
21. […]kai enna e[…]e This is he i s ime I' e seen his.
wy au im ā aʃ ,
ʃ eʃʃe paggan>
I don' know
wij au im ā aʃ ,
S eʃʃe paggan>
wha o do.
wij au im ā aʃ ,
S eʃʃe paggan>
wij au im ā aʃ ,
S eʃʃe paggan>
On he basis o he compa ison wi h he o he specimens o he Enchi idion,
he ollowing indings eme ge: <Lānkinan> wi h leng h ma ks on he i s <a>
co esponds
B1, B2 and D.
The eigh h: Ve bess. I 's no like ha . Behkai is equal o B1, B2 and D < epkieckan.
No, you won' .
The wel h: Ve bess. […]eggiuns[…] co esponds o B1, B2 and D. To 13.
<pe enniuns> co esponds o B1, B2 and D. To 15. <audasai> does no
co espond o B1, B2 and D <audaei>. To he 20 h. […]abe ginan> wi hou he
leng h sign on <i> does no co espond o B1, B2 and D.
To: Wi h <wy au>, Fa he ollows his ypical spelling wi h <y> ins ead o he
<ij> wie in B1, B2 und D. Auße dem s eh bei Va e <wij au> wie auch in
o he copies o he Enchi idion. Bu his o m mus be applied e e ywhe e.
We' e going o co ec i .
Nu in d ei Fällen (2., 12., 13.) s imm Va e in den Ve beʃʃe ungen und
Howe e , in h ee cases (8 h, 15 h, 20 h) his is no he case.
One case (21) is unclea .
Dahe is es nich ges a e , anzunehmen, dass Va e nu nach Einblick
in den O iginald uck die Fo men e besse habe. Es bleib deshalb die
P esump ion ha he a he is jus in he sec ion o inhe i ances and addi ions new
Fehle un e lau en sind.
4.3. Binding de ec s
Ce ain passages in he ex o he ansc ip and in he case o Fa he a e
clea e o s o guidance ha clea ly show how exac ly Fa he ollowed
Hennig's ansc ip . These a e cases o inco ec eadings, which e en a e he las compa ison wi h
dem O iginald uck, die on Fabe du chge üh wo den wa , geblieben sind.
S aipsniai / A icles 45
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
Ein mak oskopisches Beispiel wi d aus eichen, um diesen Sach e hal zu
e deu lichen:
(See also oo no e 21a, 1: "Fa he ", 13:23).
This is Figu e 27.
The case is clea : i is necessa y o es ablish a alse eading bo h in he
abs ac . as well as in he case o he a he , bo h o whom a e he e <Woūon> o <Voūon> ins ead o Noūon […]ou […]
lesen. Eine Ve gleichung mi den ande en Exempla en des Enchi idions zeig
unzwei elha , dass nu Noūʃon beleg is :
B1, page 24a.
B2, page 236. This is he i s ime I' e seen i .
D, page 19a.
ABBILDUNG N. 28
PIETRO U. DINI
46 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI (Linguis ic Ac s o he Li huanians)
In addi ion, he compa ison shows no only ha Noūon is known o be he co ec
o m ( his co esponds o ou knowledge o he Old P ussian language), bu also
ha a clea binding e o can be obse ed be ween he ansc ip and Fa he 's
publica ion (1821).
4.4. In e im epo
A e e-compila ion and compa ison, he esul ing new ques ions a ise. Is i , o
Gesam bild keineswegs eindeu ig. S a den Nebel zu lich en, wi die Analyse
example, e en concei able ha so many di e ences a e solely due o Fa he 's
negligence? Howe e , such an assump ion is qui e plausible. Following his inding, i
Bedenk man die be ei s oben in 2.4 es ges ell en (D uck)Fehle , schein eine
can be u he specula ed: […]Büchlein[…] o he o iginal p in had emained in
Königsbe g. On he basis o bo h in e nal and ex e nal e idence, we can easonably
1820/1821 beende e Va e seine S udie in Halle und Be lin, und in Be lin s and
ihm nu das Ma e ial des Bandes Ms. bo uss. ol. 462. zu Ve ügung, weil das
assume ha no only did Fa he no ac ually see he o iginal p in , bu ha he
used Fabe 's di ec o y e y ca elessly.
5. DAS SCHICKSAL DES
„HENNIG-VATER“-EXEMPLARS
Ha ing said ha , I am con inced ha we ha e succeeded in duly app ecia ing
he e o s o Hennig and Va e in sa ing an example o he Old P ussian
Enchi idion.
I has also been shown ha he specimen on he basis o which bo h Hennig's
copy and Va e 's s udy (1821) we e made was an incomple e o iginal p in
kep in he sec e a chi e in Königsbe g a he ime.
Die Lage kann schema isch wie olg da ges ell we den:
S aipsniai A icles 47 and 47
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
The ollowing able shows he esul s o he calcula ion:
Nea ly 25 yea s a e he publica ion o Va e S udie (1821), his
example by Nesselmann (1845: S. XIX) has been aken in o accoun in he
ollowing con ex :
The e a e wo ull copies o i in he p esen Royal Lib a y, and an incomple e
one, in which he h ee shee s a e missing, is in he Lib a y o he p esen
Sec e A chi e. In pa icula , he ollowing wo ds should be highligh ed in his
quo e: "An incomple e [exempla ] in which he missing h ee shee s a e ound in
he lib a y o he p esen sec e a chi e".
Anschließend üh Nesselmann (1845: S. XX) noch eine wei e e wich ige
Message o:
The ca echism is only once, bu acco ding o he incomple e, o me ly he
p o esso and di ec o o he sec e a chi es a Königsbe g, A. E. Hennig, in
deʃʃen Tode dem Geheimen A chi angehö igen Exempla e abged uck wo den in
dem un en nähe ʒu beʃch eibenden We ke on Va e «.
ac he edi ion o Fa he (1821) is known o ha e been he i s edi ion o an
example o he Enchi idion a all. Howe e , i is only pa ially co ec o say wi h
Nesselmann ha Va e di ec ly elied on Hennig's o iginal p in . I hope o ha e
shown handw i en abo e
Di ec o y
by Fabe
Handw i en
he ansc ip ion; o
1817 (be o e he ip)
The
O iginal
(XVI.
P ope y
p essu e's gone.
p in ing o he s udy
yea .) Fa he s
o Hennig (1821)

PIETRO U. DINI
48 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI
( gl. 3.), dass Va e s Ausgabe ielmeh au Hennigs Absch i des O iginald ucks
I was based on.
Zu un e s eichen is einmal meh , dass sowohl Hennig als auch Va e es
da on übe zeug wa en, dass „ih “ Exempla des Enchi idions de einzige
exis ie ende O iginald uck, also ein Unikum gewesen sei. Hingegen wuss e
Nesselmann, ha in Königsbe g he e a e s ill wo o he copies p ese ed
wu den, so dass e Va e gegenübe den Vo wu e hob, sich in Königsbe g
nich genügend umgesehen zu haben12.
Thi y yea s a e Nesselmann's men ion - ha is, hal a cen u y -
nach Va e (1821) – inde man noch ein ähnliches Zeugnis. Adalbe
Bezzenbe ge (1874: p. 1231) w o e a ha ime: "A hi d, incomple e copy o
he "Enchi idion" was s ill in he sec e a chi e a Königsbe g". In 1874,
he e was no mo e.
Hie is besonde s beme kenswe , dass dieses Exempla nach Bezzenbe ge s
Fo mulie ung zu dem Zei punk , zu dem e seine A bei e ass e, im Geheimen
A chi zu Königsbe g gewesen „wa “, was ja wohl bedeu e , dass es damals,
E en in he p e-wa pe iod, i is said in T au mann (1910: S. XXVII):
One [i.e. one copy] in he Kgl. S a e a chi es a Königsbe g, a he end
3 shee s (S. 129 […] 134) 13 missing (acco ding o a no e a he end, ha was al eady
The case o 1823 […]14.
Howe e , in he pos -wa pe iod, all aces o his specimen we e g adually
los . I s o me exis ence was known o Mažiulis (1966: 38). He men ions an
incomple e o iginal p in ing o he Enchi idion om he Sec e Royal A chi e in
Königsbe g bu only en passan , namely o he specimen ha did no show he
las pages
12 Da übe gl. Ve . (2021).
13 Das is seh wah scheinlich zu 126–134 zu ko igie en; siehe un en die le z e Fußno e dieses
Con ibu ions a e made.
14 Since T au mann men ions a "no e a he end", i could e en be assumed ha he go i om
O iginald uck noch gesehen ha . Leide behaup e e dies nich ausd ücklich, und deshalb muss
diese Punk o enbleiben. Au de ande en Sei e konn e T au mann diese In o ma ion nich on
he p e ious publishe s, because none o hem w o e any hing abou i .
S aipsniai A icles 49 and 49
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
soll15. Damals konn e e übe das Schicksal dieses Exempla s wei e nich s meh
o expe ience.
5.1. In cauda enenum...
Wie imme es auch gewesen sein mag, so sind jeden alls die He ausgebe aus
The p e-wa pe iod ag eed ha he […]Büchlein[…] by Hennig o he o iginal
p in ing o he Enchi idion lacked he las h ee shee s. Howe e , in he case o
Fa he 's edi ion, his poin emains unclea and di icul .
zu lösen.
Ve gleich man den bei Va e (1821: S. 68) e ö en lich en Schluss eil des
Tex wi h he las ca ds in Hennig's ansc ip , hen he ollowing
mac oscopic di e ence is no ed: Page 68 wi h Fa he (see Figu e 8 N. 39) does
no co espond o he end o Hennig's ansc ip (see Figu e 8 N. 39).
This is illus a ed in Figu e 40.
I you look a page 68 o Fa he 's mo e closely, you will no ice ha i con ains he ex o ca d
60a in he ansc ip and also he ini ial pa o ca ds 60b (Old P ussian) and 61a (Ge man). Mo e
speci ically, page 68 ends wi h he "a i ma ion o he con adic ion": Figu e N. 30. A he end o
page 68 a Fa he (1821) i can be seen ha he las wo d (A āi i) om he hi d las line o
page 68 and he en i e las wo lines co espond o he beginning o he ollowing maps 60b
(Ge man) and 61a (Old P ussian) in he ansc ip : 15 Vgl. Mažiulis (1966: 38): bu usio Ka aliaučiaus
Vals ybiniame a chy e egzemplio iaus (be 129 in he [sec e ] s a e a chi e Königsbe g (wi hou
he pages 129134) is no known o me) Look a ha . This is he i s ime I' e seen i in my li e.
See he penul ima e oo no e o his a icle below.
134 p.), likimas nė a man žinomas »Abe das Schicksal dieses Exempla s wie auch das des Exempla s
PIETRO U. DINI
50 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI, which was published in
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha
ABBILDUNG N. 32. An ang de Ka e 61a (al p eußisch) in de Absch i
Wie es ha e geschehen können, dass Va e (1821) am Ende seine Sei e
o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. beginning o ca d 60b (Ge man) in he ansc ip 68 jus he beginning pa and no he es o he ex in ca d 60b
und 61a wiede geben konn e, bleib gegenwä ig ohne i gendeine plausible
The explana ion.
Bu e en mo e impo an is ha he ex o he ansc ip is almos wo pages
longe han he one ound in Fa he (1821). I unde line he wo d "almos ", since he
i s wo lines, as al eady s a ed, we e also aken up by Fa he , and
wu den. Ta sächlich bleiben die d ei wei e en Ka en in de Absch i (d. h. 60b –
deu sch, 61a – al p eußisch und 61b – deu sch) bei Va e ohne En sp echung
(siehe 8. Abbildungen N. 41, 42, 43).
Bedaue liche weise bleib die F age nach den G ünden ü die Weglassung
des Tex sschluss eils ( as zwei Ka en) de Absch i on Hennig, die in Va e
(1821) nich e ö en lich wu de, ohne An wo . Alle diese Beobach ungen
conside a ions again lead o he ques ion o he ex en o which and acco ding o
wha c i e ia Fa he used Hennig's ansc ip ion, and also whe he he e e saw
he o iginal p in .
S aipsniai A icles 51 and 51
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
6. The Uneduca ed
[…]VH[…]-example
A he end o hese discussions, ou knowledge o he adi ion o he genie
schich e eines heu e e schollenen Exempla s des al p eußischen Enchi idions
ho en lich e was e wei e und e besse wo den. Au diesem Wege ha Hen-
[…]Büchlein[…] has gained some ex ual subs ance and is no longe jus an emp y
bibliog aphical indica ion.
I p opose o e e o he ou h, incomple e, now los specimen o he Old
P ussian Enchi idion as he […]HV[…] specimen. This specimen is known
oday in wo a ian s: (1) as a handw i en, longe a ian , which is in he
S a e Lib a y o Be lin […] P ussian Cul u al P ope y (House No. 1, Unde
he Linden) unde (2) a p in ed, sho e a ian , which was published by
Signa u : Ms. bo uss. ol. 462. – au bewah wi d, und
Va e (1821).
Es soll hie abe noch einmal he o gehoben we den, dass de Tex de
The longe a ian o he copy o Hennig is sho e by a o al o nine ca ds […]
including he P ussian coa o a ms, which is also missing a he end. Mo e
mi de Übe sch i : IVSTUS EX FIDE VIVIT – als de jenige Tex , de in den
ande en bekann en Exempla en (B1, B2 und D) und auch bei den spä e en
p ecisely, he ex ends in he ansc ip wi h he map 60b, which appea s on
page 240 o Mažiulis' 1966 edi ion (and on page 77.27 o he edi ion by T au mann
1917) is equi alen .
7. Conclusions o his kind
Schließlich möch e ich e suchen, wenn auch nu hesena ig, einige
Schluss olge ungen o zus ellen.
I can be said ha wi hou Hennig's p elimina y edi ing, Fa he 's edi ion would ne e ha e
been published. In my opinion con ains 16 Lau Mažiulis (1966) missing he pages 126[…]134 o
he Exempla III and he pages 110[…]118 o he
Examples D.
17 Acco ding o T au mann (1910) he pages 126[…]134 o Exempla K and he pages 111[…]118 o
Exempla D a e missing. He e he e is an inaccu acy wi h T au mann's obse a ion (1910: S.
XXVII[…] XXVIII, whe e he 129 pages […]134 a e indica ed) (see Ve . 2020).
PIETRO U. DINI
58 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI (Linguis ic Ac s o he Li huanians)
ABBILDUNG N. 37. Die handsch i liche unda ie e Beme kung on Va e (Ka e 62a)

S aipsniai / A icles 59
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
This is Figu e 38. Fabe 's di ec o y (mul iply olded ca ds 63a[…]64b)
PIETRO U. DINI
60 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI
ABBILDUNG N. 39. Le z e Sei e on Va e (1821: S. 68)
This Decision shall en e in o o ce on
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Shee 60a o he ansc ip
PIETRO U. DINI
62 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI (Linguis ic Ac s o he Li huanians)
This is Figu e 41. Shee 60b o he ansc ip
S aipsniai A icles 63 and 63
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
ABBILDUNG N. 42. Bla 61a de Absch i

PIETRO U. DINI
64 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI
ABBILDUNG N. 43. Bla 61b de Absch i . Rech s sieh man auch einen Teil de
Unda ed ema k by a he (map 62a)
S aipsniai / A icles 65
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
Sou ce and seconda y li e a u e
Adelung Johann Ch is oph, Va e Johann Se e in 1809: Mi h ida es ode
allgemeine Sp achenkunde: mi dem Va e Unse als Sp achp obe in bey nahe ün hunde
Languages and dialec s, pa 2, Eu opean languages, Be lin: Voss. The 19 h cen u y.
Be nhagen Wol gang 1964: Johann Se e in Va e , ein e gessene Sla is des
[…] Con ibu ions o he his o y o Sla ic s udies, edi ed by H. H. Bel ield , K. Ho álek
Be lin: Akademie-Ve lag, 162 […] 170.
Bezzenbe ge Adalbe (1874): Resolu ion o Nesselmann (1873) was published by he Ge man publishing house Bezzenbe ge Adalbe . […] Gö ings language
Geleh e Anzeigen 39, 1221–1250.
Bopp F anz 1853: Übe die Sp ache de al en P euʃsen, Gelesen in de Akademie
de Wissenscha en am 24. Mai 1849, am 25. Juli 1850 und am 24. Feb ua i 1853. –
Disse a ions o he Royal Academy o Sciences on Be lin om he yea 1853, Be lin: F.
Dümmle 's publishing house book e iew.
Fleckens ein Ch is a 1997: Johann Se e in Va e […] a ep esen a i e o he ea ly phase o
he Hallesian Sla onic. […] Con ibu ions o he his o y o Sla ic s udies a he Ma in Lu he
Uni e si y Halle-Wi enbe g, pa 1 (= Sla ica Va ia Halensia 2), edi ed by Ch . Fleckens ein, H.
Schmid , Halle-Wi enbe g: Uni e si ä s e lag, 34[…]38. He is also a membe o he boa d o
di ec o s o he Ge man Academy o Sciences. Ku He mann is he di ec o o he P ussian
S a e A chi es in Königsbe g. A his o ical e ospec i e wi h an o e iew o i s holdings, Gö ingen: Vandenhoeck
This is Rup ech .
Jacob G imm, Re iews o his a he , 1821. […] Gö ing schola s show 121, Ch .
1201–1207.
Gö z on Selle 1965: Va e , Johann Se e in. – Al p eußische Biog a ie 2, h sg. on
K ollmann, Ma bu g: Elwe , 755. I is loca ed in he dis ic o Ma bu g.
Haym Rudol , edi ed by , 1894: Le e s om Wilhelm on Humbold o Geo g Hein ich Ludwig
Nicolo ius, Be lin: Ve lag on Emil Felbe .
Heckmann Ma ie-Luise 2019: P ussica und Li huanica in de S aa sbiblio hek zu
The P ussian cul u al he i age o Be lin. […] Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 81,
22[…]51. I is also known as Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 81, 22[…]51. K ollmann
Ch is ian 1974: Fabe , Ka l. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . […] Old P ussian biog aphy 2, edi ed by Ch . K ollmann, Ma bu g: Elwe , 172. I is loca ed in he dis ic o Ma bu g.
Kuhn E ns 1895: Va e , Johann Se e in. – Allgemeine Deu sche Biog aphie 39,
503–508.
Lehne d Joh. Max 1974: Hennig, Ab aham E ns . – Al p eußische Biog a ie 2, h sg.
by Ch . K ollmann, Ma bu g: Elwe , 286. I is loca ed in he dis ic o Ma bu g.
PIETRO U. DINI
66 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVI
Linde Samuel B. 1822: O jękyku dawnych p usaków. He was bo n in he illage o Linde
Samuel B. Rozbio is a p o esso a Va e a, in Wa saw, in he p in ing house Xięży Pha ów.
Mažiulis Vy au as 1966: P ussian language paminklai 1, Vilnius: Min is. He is a membe o he Polish pa liamen .
Mažiulis Vy au as 1981: P ūsų kalbos paminklai 2, Vilnius: Mokslas.
Mone F anz J. 1821: Rezension zu Va e 1821. – Heidelbe ge Jah büche de Li e a u
5(31), 489–495.
This is Ms. Bo uss. Follow. 462: Johann Se e in a he o Enchi idion. The small ca echism o D .
Ma in Lu he , Ge man and P ussian. P in ed a Königsbe g in P ussia by Johann Daubmann. M.
D. LXI (copy) Fabe : Colla io o he copy in p in , 64 pages, Halle, a ound 1821.
Nesselmann G. H. Fe dinand 1845: The language o ancien P ussia on i s
emains explained, Be lin: Reime .
Nesselmann G. H. Fe dinand 1873: Thesau us Linguae P ussicae. This is a lis o he languages o
P ussia. The P ussian ocabula y as a as he same has been de e mined so a , along wi h he
addi ion o a collec ion o documen ed local names, iewed and compiled, Be lin: Dümmle s
Ve lagsbuch-Handlung, Ha wi z & Gossmann. T au mann Reinhold 1910: The old P ussian language
monumen s. In oduc ion, ex s, g amma , dic iona y, Gö ingen: Vandenhoeck and Rup ech .
This is he i s ime I' e been o Gö ingen. G amma icae, Lexica, collec iones ocabulo um
Va e Se e in Johann 1815: Lingua um o ius o bis Index alphabe icus, qua um
ecensen u , pa ia signi ica u , his o ia adumb a u o li e a u e o g amma s, lexica and
collec ions o wo ds o all he languages o he a he land, he a es and ela ions o he same,
de E de nach alphabe ische O dnung de Sp achen, mi eine ged äng en Uebe sich des
Be lin: in he Nicolai an
A bookshop.
Va e Se e in Johann 1821: Die Sp ache de al en P euʃsen: Einlei ung, Uebe eʃ e,
Sp achleh e, Wö e buch, B aunʃchweig: in de Schul-Buchhandlung Halle, ged uck in
o he a me 's p in ing p ess.
Ve . 2014: Dėl p ūsų kalbos eks ų są ado susida ymo, eds. by T. Ci jan, M. Za jalo a,
This is A. Judžen is. […] Bal ai and sla ai: spi i ual and cul u al sanc ua ies, Vilnius:
Ve smė, 89[…]100. I 's called Ve . 2019: Ques ion on he knowledge gained by us abou
he ancien P ussian […]Enkhi i Dion[…] [K op osu o doshedshykh do nasenyi s edakh
o d e ne-p usskom […]Enkhy idione[…]] (1561) […] Sla ic and Balkan language
европеистика, культурология. К 90-летню со дня рождения Владимира Николаевича
Топорова [Sla ianskoe i balkanskoe iazykoznanye. Sla is ika, indoe opeis ika, kul’ u-
ologyia. K 90-le yiu so dnia ozhdenyia Vladimi a Nikolae icha Topo o a], Москва:
S aipsniai / A icles 67
Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions
bei Va e (1821) ode zu dem e schollenen „VH“-Exempla
Russian Academy o Sciences The Ins i u e o Sla ic S udies, which is pa o he
Russian Academy o Sciences, is loca ed in Moscow, Russia. I 's called Ve . 2020: On
he ex ual basis o he Old P ussian Enchi idion by T au mann
(1910). […] Bal is ica 55(1), 105[…]118. This is he i s ime I' e seen i .
Ve . 2020a: Zu ex uellen G undlage des al p eußischen Enchi idions bei Mažiulis
(1966). – Bal is ica 55(2), 315–328.
2021: On he ex ual basis o he Old P ussian Enchi idion by Nesselmann (1845) and
his successo s Uhlenbeck (1889) and Be neke (1896). –
Bal is ica 56(1), 107120. This is he i s ime I' e seen i .
Va e io p ūsiškojo Enchi idiono (1821) pi minio
eks o, a ba p a as ojo „HV“ egzemplio iaus,
knowledge. Sla ic and Indo-Clausic languages
The SANTRAUKA
Kai ku ie s a būs Va e io leidimo (1821) Aspec s ha a e no clea . I' e been lis ening o a
lo o my a he 's wo k. I' e been lis ening o a lo o my a he 's wo k. I' e been lis ening
o a lo o my a he 's wo k. he olume, ol. 462 (Be lyne), whe e he e is no eco d o his.
This copy was au ho ed by A. E. Henigas, who made emdamasis jam p iklausiusiu
spausdin u, nepilnu Enchi idiono egzemplio iumi. This P ussian Enchi idion Exemplio ius was
p a as u jau Neselmano (1845) laikais. Tiek idiniai, iek išo iniai a gumen ai odo, kad
conside ed o be a p as asis spausdin as, un inished Exemplio ius was Henigo ank aščio,
aigi la e i Va e io leidimo, a skai os aškas. This is an example o a lack o 126 […] 134
kad Va e io išspausdin as eks as y a d iem puslapiais umpesnis nei Henigo ank aš inė
puslapius. I'll gi e you a copy. The compa ison o he da a p o ided by he Cou o Jus ice
o he Eu opean Union shows ha he Cou o Jus ice o he Eu opean Union has ailed o comply wi h i s obliga ions unde he T ea y on he Func ioning o he Eu opean Union. I'd like o see his exempli ica ion in he H.V. exempli ica ion.
Į eik a 2021 m. spalio 9 d.
PIETRO U. DINI
The Uni e si y o Pizos
Via S. Ma ia 36, I-56126 Piza, I aly
pie [email p o ec ed] This is a lis o ci ies and owns in I aly.