MOKSLO
KALBOS
KULTUROS
IR
TERMINOLOGIJOS
PROBLEMOS
LIETUVIU
KALBOTYROS
KLAUSIMAI,
XXIV(1985)
AJJIA
BAYECJIABOBHA
KPbIyKAHOBCKAA
KHACCH®HKAWMOHHbIA
ACNEKT
ONPEXEJEHHA
TEPMUHA
B
TeopHu
u
MpakTHKe
coBpeMeHHO O
TepMHHOBeeHUA
OMLyMaeTCA
n0-
CTOAHHAA
NOTPeOHOCTh
OTAeNHTh
TepMHHOJO HYeCKy1O
JIeEKCHKy
OT
HeTepMH-
HOMO M4eCKOH,
NpuyeM,
B
CHAY
cnhelHuKH
ChelHambHO FO
C0Ba,
C
MOBBIINIEH-
HOM
OTBETCTBCHHOCTHIO
K
3HaYCHHIO
TEPMHHA
—
Cilel MasbHO O
HAHMeHOBAaHHA
H3
O6MaCTH
Hay4YHO-TeXHHYeCKOH
MpaKTHYeCKOl
JeATebHOCTH, dyHKUMOHH-
pylolle o
B
ccbepe
mpodeccuonanbHo o
o6meHua!.
Takad
HeoOxOJHMOCTb
oco6eHHO
yCHJIMBaeTCA
B
CBA3H
C
OYPHbIM
pasBHTHeM
OTPacmeBOl
TepMHHO-
JOTHH:
B
Hee
MOBCeAHEBHO
HapAAy
c
APy HMu
JJIeMeCHTaMH
Hay4HO O
CTHIA
BXOJAT
HOBbIC
TEPMHHEI.
Tlos omy
B
JIMHTBHCTHYeCKOi
TeopHH
BeAyTCA
NOMCKH
OObEKTHBHEIX
MpH-
3HaKOB,
KOTOpbIe
MO M
Ob!
NOMOYb
B
GesOUIMOOuHOM
ONpeseseHHu
TepMuHa.
IIpupoga
HayyHo o,
cheljManbHo o
TepMHHa
B
OTeYeCTBeHHOM
u
3sapyOexHOli
wuTepa ype
usyyeHa
LOcTaTOuHO
ay6oKo.
TepMHHEI
oMpexenAIOTCA
Kak
HO-
MHHAaHTHI
CHCTeMBI
NOHATHH
(peanHii)
HayKH,
TeXHHKH,
O*HUHAAbHOFO
A3HI-
Ka
H
HX
OTPaxKeHHA
B
MpPOH3BOACTBe,
OOMLeCTBCHHOM
KH3HH
HH
B
AX
OTAeJb-
HBIX
OOMacTAX;
NpHueM
Kab
TePMHH
B
9THX
OGNacTAX
OOaqaeT
OGuIeECT-
BeHHO
OCO3HAaHHBIM
3HayeHHem
”.
1
sce
xe
npoOmeMa
onpedeneHuA
TepMHHA
ocTaeTca
akTyaJIbHol
wu
TpygHol.
JLoc aTouHO
cKa3aTb,
TO
WaeKO
He
BCe
COBapH
JHHIBHCTHYeCKOH
TePMHHOMOFHH
COMepKaT
3TO
MOHATHE
B
COCTaBe
cBoe o
CAOBHHKa;
K
MpuMepy,
HeT
e o
B
pabo e
9.
Xemna*;
B
Apy ux
cay-
YaaX
KaK
JIMHTBHCTHYCCKHH
TePMHH
OMpesenaeTCA
TepMHHOJO HA,
a
Medu-
HHUHA
CAHHHYHOM
peamun
o cy cTByeT*.
IIpuyHH
HeoOxog_uMocTH
eli e
pas
OOpaTuTbcA
K
YTOWHEHHIO
AeHHAWHH
TCPMHHa
HECKOJbKO:
akTYyaJIbHOCTb
HOCTOAHHOFO
yHOpALOYeHHA
TEPMHHOB,
HeMPeCTAHHO
NOABJAIOMMHXCA
B
CBASH
c
ycKopeHHeM
Hay4HO-TexHuYecKo o
Mpo pecca;
TpeOOBaHHA
Hay4dHO-TeXHH-
4eCKOli
MpaKTHKH
YHHPHUMPOBATh
OTAeMbHbIe
OTPacmeBble
TePMHHOJIOFHH;
ClOKHOe
B3AMMOMelicTBHE
TepMHHOJOFHH
c
OOMleynoTpeOuTebHOH
HeTepMH-
4
Jlanuaeuxo
B.
II.
Pycckaa
epMunono ua/Onu
auu Buc H4ecko o
onncanHa.—
M.:
Hayxa,
1977,
c.
3,
201.
2
AxMmanosa
O.
C.
Jluu suc uyeckoe
3Ha¥enHe
u
e o
pasHoBugHocTH.—
B
xu.:
[Tpo-
6nembl
3HaKa
H
SHauenua.
M.,
1969,
c.
110.
*Xomn
9.
C osapbh
aMepuKanckoi
anH sucTHYecKol
TepmuHono au—
M.:
IIpo pece,
1964.—
264
c.
*Mapy3o
3K.
Caopapp
anu suc uyeckux
epmunos.—M.:
Vuoc p.
sm -pa,
1960,
c.
308.
85
HONOPHYeCKOH
eKCHKOM
H
Cc
OTpacmeBOi
HOMCHKJaTypoH.
Tepeuncaenupe
MPHYNHEI
CTHMYIMPy!OT
MOHCKH
ONTHMANbHBIX
cnocoboR
onpexeneHua
Tep-
MHHa
Tip
BBeeHHH
e o
B
COOTBETCTBYIOILy10
OTpacuJeByio
HM
OOulyI0
Tep-
MHHOJIO HYecKylo
cucTemy.
Haspanubie
c umyasaToppl
HecKompKo
HHBCAHPYIOTCA
HMCIOULMMHCH
B
Hay4-
HOM
OOHXOZe
peKOMeHaNuAMH
OTHOCHTeABHO
olpeqe eHua
epmuna.
Ha
HX
OCHOBE
IIpakTHKH-JleKCHKO pady
OTIMYAIOT
TEPMHH
OT
HeTepMuHa
u
TIpo-
HSBOAAT
JICKCHKO paduyeckHe
ONMCaHHA
TepMuHOTO HH
OTAebHOTO
A3bIKAa
Mul
HECKONbKHX
A3bIKOB.
Tlonb3yioTca
COOTBETCTBYIOINHMH
TePMHHAMH
c e-
UMaJHCTbI
pasHbIX
OTpacweli
Hayku
Hu
TexHuKH.
O”HaKo
CPpaBHUTeIbHbI
ana-
JH3
Hoq6opa
TepMHHOB
B
HeCKONbKUX
CHOBapAX,
cokepxauiux
onucaHne
TePMHHOJO HH
OAHOH
OTpacaH,
O6HapyxuBaeT
GomDUIOe
KOJIHYCCTBO
pasHo-
WeHHH,
CBASAHHBIX
c
3aTpyAHeHUAMH
B
OlpeqeeHHu
TepMHHONO HYHOCTH
cu10Ba.
B
9Tom
sakmouae ca
NPUYHHAa
MpohomKalomelica
paspabo Kn
Teope u-
TeCKHX
MpOONeM
TepMHHOBeeHUA,
BHOCAIaN
B,
Ka3zau0cK
ObI,
BCEM
ACHHIE
HONOXKEHHA
HEKOTOPEe
yTOUHeHHA
HM
KOPpeKTHBEI.
U oOs
OTBeETATH
Ha
BO-
Mpoc
©
HeOOxOxuMOCcTH
ZeTanHsupoBaTD
OnpeeieHHe
cyllHOcTH
TepMHHa,
cHeayeT
HaNOMHHTb
HEKOTOpBIe
OOMeH3BeCTHEIe
UCTHHEI.
OHA
H3
HX
3a-
KilowaeTca
B
TOM,
YTO
IPH
ONpexeneHHH
TepMuHa
Hay4Hbl
adpexT
Aoc u-
TaeTca
B
Cilydae,
Ko a
Y4HTEIBaIOTCA
H
MaTepHa/IbHO-ASKIKOBad
cylqHOcTb
TepMuHa
(e o
cMBICIOBax
TOYHOCTS,
NPHHadexKHOCTh
K
HayyHOMy
cTHI1O
HT.
1l.),
H
AHaeKTHYHOCTD
B3AMMOOTHOMIeHHA
C
HHEIMH
(au epa ypHiMmu
u
HCAHTepaTyPHEIMH
—
HaeCKTHBIMH,
%KAPTOHHEIMH
H
MOM.)
s1eMeHTAaMH
seK-
cHYeCKOli
CHCTeMbI
aHHO O
HallHOHambHO O
ASbIKa,
a
TAaKAKE
APy Hx
HalHo-
HaJbHBIX
ASEIKOB,
MOCKOJIbKY
MPH
BSaHMOOTHOMICHHA
c
NOCMeqHAMH
BO3MOX-
Hbi
YaCTHYHbIe
MPOABEHHA
HHTe pallun
®,
Sec
COBpeMeHHoe
TepMHHORe eHHeE
PacnOJla aeT
paqoM
Hay4HBIx
yocTH-
%KeHHH:
C
MenbIO
ynopaqo enua
TepmMunono un
aHanM3upyloTca
cemaHTuue-
CKHe
OcoOeHHOCTH
OTZeIbHOTO
TepmuHa,
e o
M€KCHKO-CEMAHTHYECKHX
pa3sHo-
BHAHOCTel
H
pynn
(TepMuHEI
MOHOcemMH4ecKHe
4
MOJIMCeEMHM4eCKHe,
TepMH-
HBI-CHHOHMMBI,
TePpMHHbI-aHTOHHMBI,
TE€PMHHBI-OMOHHMBI)
B
COOTBeTCTBHH
c
JOTHYHOCTBIO
HX
COMepKAHUA,
a
TAKKe
C
ASEIKOBO!I,
B
4aCTHOCTH,
CTpyK-
TypHOH
H
MeKcHKO-cucTemHo
we ecooOpasnoc bw.
WH
ecan
mo aueckoi
cu-
cTeMOH
B
O6acTH
TepMuHOAO HH
3aHuMaeTca
wo uka,
oOpail aa
oco6oe
BHH-
MaHHe
Ha
CTPO ocTh
K1acCHHKANMOHHBIX
OCHOB,
cooTBETCTBHE
TEPMHHOB
KaTe opHaM
MOHATHH®,
To
BCe
OcTa IbHbIE
T€PCYHCJICHHbIe
BOMpOCKl
Haxo-
AATCA
B
KOMMCTCHIHM
JMHTBUCTHYECKO O
TepMHHOBeMeHUA.
O6u enpusnanHo
aBase ca
cuc emnoc y
Op aHu3ayun
TepMHHOB,
Hn
Ha
STOM
CBONicTBe
OCHOBaHBI
pasHbie
Kaccuukaliun
TepMHHoB.
OAHHM
H3
TIpHH-
*Byaaxoscpxni
J.
A.
Bunukuenua
yxpaincpKoi
Mosu
a
ii
momoxKeHHa
cepex
inumx
caos’aucbKux
MoB.-—
Kui:
Pag,
mona,
1948,
c.
3.
®
Nanuuaeuxo
B.
I.
Pycckaa
epmuno o us,
c.
3.
86
HMMOB
Kaccupukalun,
CBASAHHEIM
C
NOHATHHHOM
npupoxol
TepMuHoB,
AB-
useTca
(PakTOP
IIpHHaAWexXHOCTH
COBa
K
NOMbASHIKY
OMpeAeneHHOL
cepHl
o6ciyXUBAHHA
H
ONMCaHHA
AeATebHOCTH
B
STHX
ccbepax’.
O o
AaeT
BO3-
MOXKHOCTb
IPH
HeOOXOMMMOCTH
OTMHMYHTh
TePMHH
OT
HeTepMHHa
c
y4eTOM
HadHUHA
B
TEPMHMHOJIOFHH
WIHPOKOH
LWIKa Ibl
CeMaHTHYeCKHX
OObEMOB
—
OT
aOcTPakTHBIX,
OOMIMX,
COOPHEIX
TePMHHOB
JO
KOHKPCTHBIX,
y3KHX
eMHHY-
HBIX,—
BBIJCNHTb
PpyMlbl
HAyYYHBIX
TEPMHHOB,
Cpe
KOTOPEIX
eCTh
TEPMHHbI
o6iieHayyHble
H
KJaCCbl
TEPMHHOB
OTeAbHEIX
HayK:
TeXHH¥eCcKHe,
OOle-
CTBCHHO-MOJHTHYeCKHe,
BOeHHEIe,
1opusuyeckue.
Muo ga
sToT
daKkTOp
mpe-
BasHpyeT
B
TepMuHONO HYeCKOH
KAaccupuKanuu’.
Tem
He
MeHee,
IpH
OT-
6ope
TepMHHOB
c
OOleii
uM
COOpHOH
CeMaHTHKOH
BOSHHKaeT
HEOOXOAMMOCTh
OT€NUTb
UX
OT
OOUleMHTepaTypHOH
aOcTpaKTHOH
JeKCHKH
(2TO
akTYyaJIbHO
B
MepBylO
OYepedb
JAA
OOUlecTBeHHO-NOAHTHYeCKOH
TepMHHOMO HH),
a
Mp
oT6ope
TepMHHOB
Ji
Ha3bIBaHHA
CAHHMYHBIX
NOHATHH
CTaHOBHTCA
HeO6-
XOMHMBIM
OTJH¥ATb
HX
OT
HOMCHKJAaTYPHEIX
HaHMCHOBaHHH
—
HOMCHOB.
Emje
OHH
NpHHuHN
KiaccHuKauuH
cBASaH
Cc
MpHpO ol
TepMHHa
Kak
cnewuu ecko o
A3bIKOBO O
3HaKa
H
YYHTHIBAeT
(akTOP
HaM4HA
B
TepMHHE
He
TOJbKO
A3KIKOBOM
CeMaHTHKH,
HO
H
OpMadbHOM
cTpyKTypbI®.
STO
mo-
3BOUIHeT,
C
OMHOH
CTOPOHEI,
ONPeAeNHTh
MOA pynMbl,
paspaabl
TepMHHOB
BHYTPH
TePMHHOMO H4eCKOH
CHCTeMBI,
HAYHHad
OT
MpeAMeTHBIX
NOHATHH
H
KOHYad
aOCTPaKTHBIMH
HaHMeHOBaHHAMH
Mpolleccos,
AelcTBHl,
cocToaHHi.
C
apy o
c opounl,
Tak
onpesensloTca
NpOAyKTHBHbIe
paMMaTHYeCKHEe
H
caoBoo6pas0BaTembHble
CTPyKTypPbl
TEPMHHOB,
BO3MOXHOCTH
HX
PyHKUHOHH-
ponaHua
B
dopMe
ciOBa
H
CMOBOCOYeTAHHA,
MOHOCEMHYCCKHEe
H
NOMHCeMH-
YeCKHe
pasHOBHHOCTH
TePMHHOB,
HX
JIeKCHKO-CeMaHTHYeCKHe
pyliibl:
Tep-
MHHBI-CHHOHHMBI,
TePMHHBI-OMOHHMEL
H
T.
Il.
Ha
nepsiiii
Ba na,
npH
onpe eneuua
TepMHHONO HUHOCTH
cnOBa
HaHGo-
wee
memecoo6pasHo
yYecTb,
YTO
OMHOCOBHbIe
H
MHOTOCJIOBHBIe
TEPMHHEl,
ABJIAACh
B
Ka2%KMOM
KOHKPeTHOM
CJly4ae
ONpe/eeHHbIM
CeMaHTHYeCKHM
@MHHCTBOM,
¥aCTO
HaXOMATCA
MexKJy
cOOOM
B
OTHOUIeHHAX
ciOBa
(C/OBO-
coueTaHua),
ONpeyensoule o
pox
MpeAMeTOB,
H
COB,
HASbIBAIOIUX
e o
BH-
WOBbIe
pasHOBUAHOCTH.
OAHAKO
Ha
STOM
B
WeOM
MpOAYKTHBHOM
MyTH
HMC-
eTca
O1HO
mpoTuBopeyne.
B
cBxsH
c
TeM,
YTO
TEPMHHH,
o6meyno pe6u enb-
Hble
COBA
H
HOMEHBI
HMeIOT
He
TOMbKO
cielluuyeckHe
MPHSHAKH,
HO
H
pa
OGUHX
CBOMCTB
Kak
Pa3HOBHAHOCTH
ASBIKOBHIX
SHAKOB,
AIH
OnpeneweHH
TepMHHA
H
TO
OTAeeHHA
OT
HETeEPMHHOB
CeAyeT
YIHTHIBATS
o6a
Tuna
npH-
7Kangeaaxu
T.
JI,
PaGo a
no
ynopaqouenuio
TepMHHOJO HH
H
HeKOTOpble
JHHT-
BHCTHYeCKHe
NpOGJeMbI,
BOSHHKaloUlMe
IpH
STOM.—B
xKH.:
JlMH BucTHyecKHe
mpoOeMp
Ha-
yuno- exuuyeckoli
epmMunozo un.
M.,
1970,
c.
40-53.
8
Jle unx
B.
M.
TepMuue
u
TepMMHOCHCTeMI—
Tlo paHH4Had
OOmacTb
MexKAy
ecTe-
CTBEHHLIMH
HM
HCKYCCTBCHHEIMH
si3bIKaMu.—
B
xu.:
Bonpocs
TepMHHoO HH
HM
JHHTBHCTHYe-
ckoli
c a uc uxu.
Boponex,
1976,
c.
3—11.
®
Jlanuaeuxo
B.
IL,
Cxsopuos
JI.
H.
Tepmusono ua
u
Hopma:
Bonpocn
KyJ1b-
ypp
pew.—
Pycckaa
ped,
1981,
Ne
1, c.
77—82.
87
HUI
BOSBEAeHHE
POAOBUAOBLIX
OTHOMEHHT
B
PaH
OcHOBHOTO
ANddepenun-
abHO O
IPH3HaKa
TepMuna,
oTaudalouye o
e o
oT
HeTepmuHoB.
Camo
10
ce6e
mpoTuBonoc ap enne
TEPMHHOB
C
pOAOBOH
u
NOAUHHEHHOT
e
BUOBOL
C€MaHTHKOl
MoxeT
ObITh
nomesHO.
S o
HJIJUOCTpHpyeTcsa
UMeIOWHM
mMecTO
B
COBpeMeHHOM
TepMHHOBexenuH
NOcTpoeHueM
aJI opuTMoB
pacnosHanua
TEPMHHOB
CpeAM
HeTepMHHOB:
ecau
CAHHHILa
ASbIKa,
OOOSHaYaIOMaR
pojo-
Boe
MOHATHe,—
TepMHH,
TO
BCe
ELHAHIEL
ASbIKa,
OOO3HaYaIoMHe
cooTReTCT-
Byloll e
BHAOBbIe
NOHATHA,—
TOKE
Tepmuubl
®.
B
qaHHom
cayyae
BaxHo
He
CTOIBKO
TO,
YTO
POAOBUAOBLIMH
OTHOMIeHNAMH
MOTyT
OBITb
cBASaHBI
H
Tep-
MHHBI
HW
HeT€PMHHHI,
a
TO,
4TO
B
MpCANOXKeHHOM
asI opuTMe
oc ae ca
o -
KPBITBIM
BONPOc
O
TepMHHOMO M4HOCTH
camo o
Ppowoso o
nona Tua.
Jlo u-
Neckuii
Xo,
paccyxkjenni
noxcKasppae :
€CJIH
BbILMe
ZaHHO O
posoBo o
no-
HATHA
HET
TepMHHa
cooTBeTCTBYIOMIel
HepapXuHu,
3HayHT
JaHHoe
c0B0
—
He
TepMHH.
C eqoBa enbHo,
onHO
mH
POHOBOe
41eHeHHe
cOB
mpH
Tep-
MHHOJO H4eCKOM
onpezesenHuu
peabuoi
AeHCTBHTEbHOCTH
OKa3bIBaeTca
HeHOcTaTOuHbIM
B
KayecTBe
gudepenunasbuo o
IpH3Haka
TepMuHa,
B
csa3u
c
9THM
BOsHHKaeT
BONPOC
O
lWemecoo6pasHoc u
HayyHo o
npey-
OXKeHHA,
KOTOPOe
OlMpac ca
Ha
ocTaToOuHO
M3yY¥eHHOe
CBOiCTBO
oTpac-
esol
TepMuHoso un.
Ono
saKmo4eHo
B
npe e ax
JO MKu
A3bIKa
H
*yHK-
UHOHMpyeT
Kak
cBOlicTBO
HepapxHyecKol NMOAYHHEHHOCTH
peanui
To
unu
HHO
OTpacaH
u
ux
TepMunono MuecKux
HaHMCHOBaHH,
He
yKNasEIBa oUle-
€CH
MOMHOCTbIO
B
POAOBHAOBLIe
OTHOMIeHUA,
STO
HayuwHad
KnaccupuKanua,
OGIeM3BeCTHEIM,
CAOKHEIM
H
OeccnopHEim
npamepom
KOTOPOH
aABAAeTCA
Te-
PHonuyecKasa
cuc ema
JI.
H.
Menjeaeena,
p
OCHOBY
KOTOpOHi
noOxeH
OHH
43
yHAaMeHTambHBIX
3aKOHOB
MIpHPpOAbl
—
3aKOH
nepHoxuauoc Tu.
B
9 Toli
Klaccnukanyn
Ka
Abii
xuMMYeCKHi
snemMeHT
Halle]
CBOe
MecTO
H
jaxKe
AO
ONpekeeHHOTO
BpeMeHH
He
U3BECTHEIe
a1eMeHTHL
NOWY4HIM
CBOH
MecTa,
MOCTeNeHHO
3anouHAeMbIe
NOCAeAyOMAMH
NOKOMeHAAMH
YUCHBIX,
a
Bce
HaH-
MCHOBaHHA
SJI@MeHTOB
BOUH
B
KOpnyc
(byHAaMenTaabHLix
TepMHHOB
xu-
MUH.
7laa
Hac
Baxuo,
uT0
KJlaccuukallia
—
ocobas,
qManeKTuyecku
ycToiun-
Bad
dopMa
slo muecko o
penenua
MPe€AMeTOB
0
HaHOomee
cymlecTBeHHEIM,
CTpO o
Hay4HbIM
HW
OObCKTHBHLIM
NpH3HakKaM
Ha
OcHOBe
OMHaKOBOCTH
pes:
MeTOB
OHOFO
Kuacca
HM
OTANYNA
THX
MpeAMeTOR
OT
Iipe{MeToB
Apy ux
K1ac-
*
Tonopun
B.
H.
O
HCKOTOPBIX
OKa3aTeECTBaX
TEPMHHHPOBAaHHOCTH
cOBOCOUe-
TaHHi—
B
xu:
Jlexcuxa,
TePMHHONO HA,
cTHau.
ToppKuii,
1973,
pein.
2,
c.
61,
88
coB
—He
Bce la
copnaqaeT
c
JeneHHemM
po oBo o
NOHATHA
Ha
BHAOBBIE
1,
O a
sMueiHad
Hayynan
KNaccHuKayHA
—oco6an
dopMa
HepapxuyecKo o
NOAYHHUCHHA
TEPMHUOB
~~
CBASKIBA€T
BOCAHHO
HCXOAHBIi
TepMHH
Cc
O6OOUIeH-
HBIM
HJIH
COOPHDIM
3Ha4CHHeM
H
MOLYHHEHHBIe
EMy
POAOBbIe,
BHAOBEIe,
TOJ-
BUAOBHIC,
HHAMBUAYaIbHO-TpynnoBble
H
HHAMBALyaIbHble
TepMMHBI,
KOTOpBIe
B
KOHCYHOM
3BeHe
WeNOUKH
MOTyT
OFpaHH4nBaTbCA
HOMeHKJaTypHbIMM
HaH-
MCHOBaHHAMH,
BLIXOAAUIMMH
3a
Npesenbl
cheuManbHol
TepMuHONo uH™,
a
He
ABIAIONIMMUCA
JIHWh
CHeNHaNbHBIMH
Ha3BaHHAMH
THIHYHBIX
OOBEKTOB
aHHOH
HaykKu,
TePMHHAMH-HasBaHHAMH,
YHOTpPeO/IAIOIMUMUCA
B
aHHOl
Ha-
yuHoh
O61acTu,
KOTOpbic
OTMMUAIOTCA
OT
TEPMHHONOFHH,
BKIOVAIOMLel
O60-
3HAYCHHA
OTBJICUCHHEIX
NOHATHH
Hu
KaTe opui
1%,
Tlockoabky
HayuHan
KNaccuuKalMA
aeT
BO3MOMKHOCTh
OYEPTHTh
BeCb
TeMATHYeCKHM
Kpy
TEPMHHOB
OMNpemeneHHO!
OTpacaH,
ee
cmelyeT
cuHTAaTL
Audb@epenuupy olieii
B
onpewenenun
TepMHHOMO HUHOcTH
c0Ba.
TlozTBepx-
WawouluxX
ITY
MBICAb
MPNMePOB
MHOXKECTBO,
NOCKOJIbKy
KaKAbI
TepMHH
AB-
#eTCH
KOMNOHEHTOM
TOM
HAH
HHO
KNaccHuKalHOHHOH
cucTembl.
Hanp.,
Bp
<Buomo mueckom
cioBape»
‘4
HasbIBaeTCA
KaCC
KHBOTHEIX
Kpye i
“epeu,
UM
HeMaTOOU
TUNA
NepeuAHHONOpOscHUHHUX
4“epeie;
CpeH
HUX
BbIMeNAeTCA
Kak
OJHH
M3
HOAKMaccOB
BO20C0Gi
“Yepeu,
OHH
B
CBOIO
OYepeb
WeAATCA
Ha
12
pogzos,
o6sezHHaomnx
Sonee
100
Bugos.
Ha a om
Kaaccudukauua
He
3aKaHUMBaeTCa,
a
BCe
HAHMCHOBAHHA,
BXOMAlMe
B
paccMaTpHBaeMOe
CeMaH-
THMeCKOe
MOMe,
B
ITY
KacCHuKAaWHOHHYI0
CHCTeMY,
ABJIAIOTCA
TeEPMHHAaMH.
Vi
aKoBbimu
own
GyAyT
WO
TO
pawHUb,
KOTOpad
OTAeHT
OT
HUX
HalMe-
HOBAHHA
YACTHBIX,
CAHHUYHEIX
OOBEKTOB,
CBASAHHbIe
C
aHHOH
KNaccHuKa-
IMOHHOM
CHCTeMOM,
HO
He
COwlaqalollMe
THNOBBIMH
CBOMCTBAMH
CTelHaJIb-
HOM
TepMHHOJO HH.
BpickasaHHOe
NOMOKeHHe
NOAaeTCA
HaTAA,HOMY
HJIAIOCTPHPOBaHHlO
HpH
ONpekeeHHH
MeCTa
B
Hay4HOli
TepMHHOO HH
WIMpO-
KOM3BeCTHOTO
COBRA
7e2esi30p.
DTOT
TePMHH
34HHMAaET
CBOE
MECTO
B
Ksac-
cnukalHonHol
pynne
padio exxi nux
npuc poie,
npeAc aBaaa
coOok
npu-
c pii i
Oza
npulimanna
Te esisi inux
nepedau'>.
Tenepusopbl
B
CBOIO
O4e-
pedb
TemaTcA
Ha
THMBI
NO
KaccHuKAaNMOHHOMY
IIpHHUMNy
HS OTOBeHUs
cxem
(TepMHHOCOYeTaline
2amnosi
TeAzesisopu),
no
aOapuTam,
pasmepy
9Kpana.
Kaaccu@ukamnonHas
TepMMHOCHCTeMa
HcuepmbIBaeTca,
Ko a
T0-
ABMAIOTCA
HAHMCHOBAHHA
MapOK
TeeBH30pOB
—
CBOeCOOPasHHIX
APIBIKOB
AAA
GbIcTpO
MeHAIONHXcA
MOMMUKaUH
(«EAeKTpOH»,
«POTOH>,
«Temn»).
Onn
414
Kpa Koe
MeTogzmueckoe
mocoOue
m0
paspaboTKe
H
yNopsoueHHiIo
Hay4HO-TeXHH4ecKOli
epmuHoso nu.—
M.:
Hayxa,
1979,
c.
22.
12
Cynepaucxasa
A.
B.
Tepmu ono na
u
nomenKaa ypa.—B
KH.
TIpo6aema
onpe-
Aelenua
TepMuHoB
B
CloBapaAX
pasHBIX
TunoB.
M.:
Cop.
sHuuKTOMequA,
1966,
c.
270.
48
Axmanosa
O.
C.
Caosapb
auu BHcTM4¥ecKHxX
TepMHHOB.—
M.:
Cos.
3HuuKuoneans,
1966,
c.
270.
44
Biono i unii
cnosxuK/3a
peg.
I.
T.
Migonmuaxa,
K.
M.
Cu auxa,
P.
B.
Ya osna.—
Kunis
;
Ton.
pea.
YPE
AH
YPCP,
1974.—
551
c.
45
CnopanK
jnwiomosnnx
ca ie/3a
pen.
O.
C.
Meabunuyxa.—
Kuis:
Toa.
pea.
YPE
AH
YPCP,
1974.—776
c.
89

MpeAcTaBAIoT
Cobol
He
TepMuubI,
a
HOMEHKJaTypHbIe
HaHMCHOBAHHA,
BEI-
XOAMILME
3a
AaNHyIO
KaccupuKalHoHHyi0
cucTemy.
/leneu e
Haumenopanni
na
TePMMHOO HYeCKHe
H
HOMeHKTaTYypHBIE
m1po-
HCXOAMT
B
pasHbIX
O6macTaX
HayKH
1
TeXHHUKH,
HO
MpOBecTH
YepTy
Mex
Ay
TePMHHOM
H
HOMeHOM
Gea
c po o o
yue a
KaccCHHKanMOHHOH
OCHOBEI
cne-
UMasbHOH
NeKcuKH
ObIBaeT
OUeHD
TPYAHO,
B
CBA3H
C
4eM
Ha
pakTuKe
TaKoe
ACHCHHE
YACTO
OKA3bIBACTCA
BeECbMa
YC/OBHBIM,
Tak,
ecam
opuen uposa bca
Ha
«Pyecko-yKpauncxni
c1oRaph
OoTaHuyeckoli
TepMuHOnO HH
H
HOMeHKuIa-
Typ»
'®,
MoxHO
O6HapyxKUTS,
YTO
K
HOMECHKJaTYPHBIM
HauMeHOBaHHAM
BeCbMa
YCOBHO
OTHOCSAT
cnelHanbHble
HaHMeHOBaHHA
pasHol
nepapxuye-
ckoH
NOYMHeHHOCTH
Tuna
aepax
AikapcoKull,
aipuux
NQHHOHCbKU,
OapK-
eaysia
adoni icoKka,
euiunn
seu auna,
sipownuK
6aiduii,
Kaniyii
Kpye oeo-
206i,
Koeuna
YXpainceKa,
auna
NYXHACTOCTOBN4UKOGAa,
nacTepxaK
nocie-
aud,
Tpioen o
nisni i,
wasain
O16
poena
wu
naxe
pua i i,
im6up.
Tipu
axom
HOAXOME
OKAa3bIBaeTCA,
YTO
HOMeHKMATYpHbIe
HaHMeHOBaHHA,
3aHHMaIOMIHe
MeCTO
3a
YepToH
TepMuHONO HH
B
CaMOM
KOHIe
KaccCHuKauHOoHHO O
M0-
CTPOCHHA,
MOTYT
Mex
AY
COGoi
HaxO_UTSCA
B
POLOBHAOBHIX
OTHOLeHHAX:
cp.
B
Ha3BaHHOM
CaOBape
Tpuxin
(pozoBoe
HaHMCHOBaHHe)
H
NOAYHHEHHBIe
emy
BHLOBbIe
TpuNin
Ku aiieaa,
punia
Oaea oc ebaa,
punia
Yykpaincoxa,
Tpu-
Hi
WeTUAUCTA,
TO
ABAAeTCA
KOCBEHHBIM
NOATBEpxKACHHEM,
YTO
AIA
Onpe-
AcTeHUA
TEPMHHOAOTHYHOCTH
COB
AAdpepenuupylouMHn
PoOBHAOBbIe
mpH-
3HaKH
H€
ABAIOTCA
MH
YTO
NOHHMaHHE
HOMCHKaTYPHOCTH
HOCHT
B
onpese-
NCHHBIX
KOHKPeTHBIX
CAly¥aax
YCOBHO-2O OBOpHEIi
xapak ep.
Ya e
Bce o
pammMa uyecku
TePMHHOJOFHA,
BXOMAMAA
B
OMMH
KaccHH-
KalHOHHBIM
Kpy ,
pa,
uMeeT
oOulHe
KOPHEBBI€
KOHCTPyKUHH,
a
TakKKe
OOb-
€AHHACT
B
ceOe
TEPMHHEI-OLHOCAOBLI
1
TepMHHLI-cmoBocoyeTaHHa.
Tipu
s om
HEOMHOCJIOBHbI€
TEPMHHEI
MOABIAIOTCA
B
CBASH
C
KaCCHUKauHOHHOH
pa-
Aaneli,
cp.:
Konc pyKyin,
Konc pyKyia
6e3pockicua,
KoxcTpyKyia
eubyxo-
60-Oesne4Ha,
KONCTpYyKYin
KapKacna.
OxHoKopHesble
TepMuHEI
B
OZHOM
Kmac-
CH®uKalHOHHON
pynne
CBHUACTCIbCTBYIOT
O
CIOMKHOCTH
H
PasBeTBAeCHHOCTH
Hay4HBIX
KaccHpukaunii,
Hanp.,
MaLMHOCTpouTebHBII
TePMHH
Naneyo
Ha-
XOAUTCAH
B
OHO
KJaccHukauMOHHOH
pynne
BMec e
c
OAHOKOpHEBbIMH
TepMHHaMH
nanoyesudHuil,
nanoyooeuil,
naaoyenodionu,
na oya uil,
naao-
4uK
17,
Tpamma uyeckas
c pyx ypa
TEPMHHOB-COBOCOYeTAHHA
HEOAMHAKOBO
cO-
OTHOCHTCA
C
Hay4HO-KlaccHuKauHOHHBIM
H
JeKCHKO paduyeckum
oopmuae-
HHEM
COBpeMeHHOM
TepmuHOsO uu.
B
coo se c BHH
c
TPaHUMOHHBIMH
Kwac-
CHHKalHAMM
B
TaKHX
TepMHHaXx
Ha
N€PBOM
MECTe
JON2KHLI
CTOATH
NOAH:
Haloul e,
a
Ha
BIOPOM
—
NlOAYHHeHHBIe
KOMMOHEHTHI,
Hanp.:
eeoTponism
He-
*8
Pyccko-ykpaHucKHi
caoBapp
GoTaHi ueckoi
TePpMHHOJO HH
H
HOMeHKJaTypHI/Coc .
A.
A.
Adanacnes,
A.
Hi.
Bap6apwa,
Jl.
K.
3epos
u
ap.—
Kues:
Usa-so
AH
YCCP,
1962.—
310
c.
‘7
Pyccko-ykpauucKni
Texnm4eckni
cnopapb/Coc .
A.
Wi.
Ma eiiko,
M. M,
Ma eiixo,
H.
C.
Pogsesuy
u
ap.—
Kue :
Jlepx exsugas,
1961.—
648
ie;
90
eaTueHull,
OIA
BanepuaHosa,
Xid
miscKai uNHu.
OqHaKO
TpakTOBKa
Tep-
MHHOJIOTHH
KaK
Op aHH4eCKO O
KOMNOHEHTAa
JIeKCH4eCKOH
CHCTeMBI
AHTepa-
TYpHOTO
ASbIKa
AMKTYe€T
B
SOTHX
C/JlyYaHxX
MPH
npaMo o
nocTpoeHuaA
cHOMHOM
TEPMHHOMO MYeCKOh
KOHCTPyKIHH;
B
CBH3H
C
9THM
B
HOBBIX
CJIO-
BapaAX,
Hanp.,
B
co3qaioulemca
B
AH
YCCP
pex omaom
«Pyccko-yKpaHH-
CKOM
CAOBape
Hay4HOH
TepMHHOMO HH»,
peKOMeHAyeTca
Takoe
pacmosoxe-
Hue
TEPMHHOB-CMOBOCOUeTAHHH:
AcaAbTObe
NOKPUTTA,
KAYCTU4HA
maenesiz,
oOepTaHxa
nadueT.
HecooTpe c aue
Mexy
KaCcCHuKaMOHHOH
Hw
JeKCH-
Ko paduueckol
MpakTHKOH
MPpHBOAUT
K
TOMy,
YTO
HepeAKO
B
TeEPMHHOJO H-
yeCKHX
COBapxAX,
OCOGeCHHO
eCTeCTBeHHOTO
WHKa,
TePMHHBI-cOBOCOueTA-
HHA
CTPOATCH
N0-pasHOMy
axe
B
Mpezenax
OAHOM
KHUTH,
cp.:
doyenTposi
nepeoei
BOAOKHA,
Opyea
clleHanena
cucTema
u
OoTUKY
4YTTA,
OoYinoHiCTo
opeaxi4na
B
ynoMuHaBiemca
Be
<Biono iyHoMy
CMOBHHKy».
OTa
HemO-
ci€MOBaTebHOCTh
Tpe6yeT
ycTpanenua.
1
HopMoH
acaBuTHBIxX
TepMHHO-
NOPMYeCKUX
COBapeli,
OOpaGaTHIBaIONHX
TeEPMHHBI
C
NpeBamHpyloulum
yue-
TOM
HX
paMMaTHMecKOl
CTPyKTyPbI,
a
OTOMPaIOUHx
UX
Cc
yYeTOM
KMAccH-
UKAaWHOHHBIX
CBOlicTB,
CTamO
pasMelleHHe
B
CJIOBHHKe
TePMHHOB-CJIOBOCO-
yeTaHHil
B
HX
ECTECTBCHHOM
A3HIKOBOM
OOpMVJICHHH,
T.
e.
4YTTX
OoTUKY,
Op-
2aHi4Ha
OouinoHicTo.
Ha
ocHoBe
BbIllieH310%KeCHHOTO
MOAKHO
YTBepALaTb,
YTO
KaccH@PUKAaLHOH-
Hble
pu3Haku
TepMHHa—9TO
Te
e o
CHCTeMHbIe
CeMaHTHYeCKHe
CBASH
C
Apy HMu
cOBaMH
(TeCPMHHAMH),
KOTOPHIe
NOMOFAalOT
OTAHYHTh
TePMHH
OT
HeTepMuHa.
C
HX
MOMOM[bIO
MOXHO
OYePTHTb
Ty
HH
HHYyIo
pylny
TepMu-
HOB,
UTO
H
AeaeT
Hay4HylO
KaccHuKanlo
Lupdepenunasbuon
npu
onpe-
JeneHHH
TEpMHHOJO HYHOCTH
cOBa. CaelyeT
yYHTEIBaTb,
YTO
KMaccHuKa-
HA
TEPMHHOB
B
Hayke
HeMOCTOAHHA,
OHa
MCHACTCH
B
3aBHCHMOCTH
OT
pa3-
BHTHA
H
YCOBEPWieHCTBOBaHHA
Hay4HbIxX
3HaHH.
M1
axe
Ha
onpeseneHHOM
aTane
KiaccuukallHH
OTMMYAIOTCH
4pesBEualiHbIM
pasHooOpasueM.
STO
MOXKHO
1OKa3aTb
Ha
TaKOM
MpuMepe.
Bce
yallle
MpoucxosAT
noucKH
Au-
(bepeHuHa bHbIX
IIpH3HaKOB
TePMHHa
Ha
OCHOBe
TeMaTHYeCKO O
eMHHCTBa,
CBA3H
CJIOB
O HO O
NOHATHHHO O
Noma.
Kak
H
pOJOBHAOBbIe,
NOHATHHHBIE
CBA3H
CaMH
M0
Cee,
B3ATHIe
OTACAbHO
OT
J[Py HX
MPpH3HaKOB
TepMHHA,
He
MO YT
OnITH
JHepenuNpyIOMUMH
B
ONpeAeMeHHU
TeEPMHHOMOTHYHOCTH
CJIO-
Ba,
NOCKOAbKy
HMH
OObeHEAIOTCA
B
ASHIKE
MIpaKTHYCCKH
BCe
MOIHOSHAUHBIe
cnopa.
O HakO
oTpacsebad
OpHeHTAlus,
eKCHKO-CTaTHCTHYeCKHH
aHaJH3
COOTBeTCTBYIOMUX
TEKCTOB
B
COCAHHCHHH
C
OMpeeeHHeM
NOHATHHHBIX
CBA-
sel
MeXxKAy
cielHasM3HpOBaHHBIMH
KOMIIOHCHTAMH
TeKCTOB
JaloT
BOSMOXK-
HocTh
oTO6opa
M
IpynnupoBaHus
ynopsZoueHHOll,
HOpMasH3HpoBaHHOH
TepMuHo io uu.
Me oauKa
Tako o
OObeMHO O
eKCHKO-CeMaHTHYeCKOTO
Ppyii-
NNPOBAHHA
TepMUHOMO MYeCCKO!
JIeEKCHKH
C
yYeTOM
CTPyKTyPHO-c10BO00Opa-
3OBaTeIbHBIX
CBASCii
110
ONHCAHHbIM
IIpH3HaKaM
paspaOaTbIBaeTCA
B
COBpe-
MCHHBIX
Tesaypycax,
IpeAcTaBAAOWIAX
coool
cMelHabHble,
Yallle
Bce o
TCPMHHOJO HVeCKHe
COBAPH,
B
KOTOPHIX
COOpaHbl
HAHMeHOBAHHA
OTPacue-
BbIX
MOHATHM
H
HAMMCHOBaHHA
HX
KMaCCHuKalHOHHBIX
cBAselH.
Kak
BHM,
91
9TO
OHA
H3
pasHOBHAKOCTeli
HayyHol
klaccnukalHn
TepMHHOB,
B
OcHOBy
KOTOpOli
NOO%*eHH
HX
ECTECTREHHBIe
CBASH
B
HaywHom
Texc e.
IIpeumym e-
CTBO
9TOH,
YCIOBHO
HasBaHHOli
HaMH
TesaypycHoi,
KNaccuuKauun
B
TOM,
"TO
Ha
OcHOBe
pasHonmaHoBEX
C€MaHTHYCCKHX
CONMOcTaBNeHHI
He
TOMbKO
yeTa aBuMBacTca
comepxaTenbNad
Hepapxus
T€PMHHOB,
HO
H
HX
HOpMa-
THBHOCTb;
HE
TOKO
OlipexenAIOTCH
HepapXxH4eckue
OTHOMIeHHA
Mex
ly
Tep-
MHHaMH,
HO
H
yKasbiBaeTca
Hx
oTcyTcTBHe.
B
omHom
H3
TaKHX
cOBape i
«Tesaypyc
Hay4Ho- exauyeckux
TepMHHOB>
*®
TepMuuE
OObeqMHAIOTCA
B
KlaCcbl
CCMaHTHYCCKH
YCOBHOM
SKBHBaeHTHOCTH
Ha
OCHOBe
O6beKTHBHBIX
oTHOWeHHH.
STO
OTHOMeHHA
paBHosHauHocTH
(06bem
HeckonbKHX
TepMuHOB
HOTHOCTbIO
COBMaaeT),
OTHOMCHHA
NepeKpemmBanna
(4ac H4HOe
coBnaye-
Hue
TepMHHOMO MYeCKHX
CeMaHTHK),
OTHOMeHHA
NOAYHHEHHOCTH
—
pasHo-
BUAHOCTh
POAOBUAOBEIX
OTHOMeHUi
MexY
TepMuHaMn.
pu
axux
ycnopuax
B
KalaccHuKalHoHHylo
cHcTemMy
nonasaloT
momHOcTBIO
UAeCHTHYHBIe,
abco-
JHIOTHBIC
CHHOHHMBI
H
TCPMHHBI,
KOTOPHIe
B
TeKCTaXx
Np
OMpexeneHHEIx
ycno-
BUAX
MOXKHO
YNOTPeGIATh
OHH
BMeCTO
Apy o o,
Hamp.,
B
3TOM
cjlOBape
YPpaBHuBalo ca
WH
cOnuxKaIOTCA
akcenepome pol
Kak
usMepuTenU
ycKopeHua,
uNTeepaTopol
YCKopeHuil,
Ho1OTOHOMETDOL.
CnenoBa embHo,
s o
Me on
onpe-
ACHeHHA
TEPMHBONOTHYHOCTH
CIOBa
Ha ViaQHO
NOKa3bIBaeT
CHHOHAMHUeCKHeE
H
POAOBHAOBbIe
CBASH
MexKAY
TepMuHaMu.
Baa ogzapa
npunsa im
o pannue-
HHAM
B
KPyl
CHHOHHMOB,
ONpeeMAIOULAXCA
C
MOMOLbIO
3TO O
MeTO/la,
lloma-
AaloT
mpexe
BCe O
pasHOCTpyKTypHble
clOBOCOUeTAaHEUA,
Hamp.:
domoc pou-
TeAbHLLe
KOMOUKATOL,
npeOnpuaTuAa
c pouTe onoli
udOycTpuu.
C
nomompio
SToli
Klaccuukauun
puKcupylo ca
cemanTH4eCKH
CBA3AHHbIe
C10Ba-TepMu-
Hbl
WH
TepMHHOJO HyecKHe
CcHOBOCONeTAHHA
(Aapuneogonno- eaeounoie
ecapHUTYpbl,
WAeAOGONe.),
CAOBOCO“eTAHHA
HU
ad6pesua ypn
(IITYPC,
“POTUBOTANKOGble
YNpaBAReMble
peaKTUBHOLE
c ap2del).
TIpeumyujec Bo
Tesaypycuo#
me osuKn
OnpexeleHua
TepMuHOsO uH
He
TOWIbKO
B
TOM,
YTO
C
€€
MOMOMIbIO
BKOUAIOTCH
B
Kpy
eKcuKo paduyecko o
HeclehOBaHHA
Bce
cyIlecTBYyIOMIHe
B
OnpeenenHoe
BpeMA,
B
OnpeseneHHol
Hay4Holi
THTepaType
HayyHbIe
TepMHHEI,
HO
H
B
TOM,
4TO
JaHHbIii
MeTOT
HOSBOJACT
Ha
MOUBE
PasHONMaHOBLIX
CeMaHTHYeCKHX
conocTaByenni
onpe-
ACIHTb
HE
TONbKO
CeMaHTHYeCKYIO
Hepapxuio
TePMHHOB,
HOH
HX
HOpMaTHB-
HOCTb.
ITO
BaKHO,
NOCKOMDKY
CTOAKHOBeHHE
B
OAHOH
chelnHambHO
oTpacaK
TEPMHHOB,
IpHHaawexKallux
pasHbIM
KaccuuKalHOHHEIM
cHcTeMaM,
TIpH-°
BOAUT
K
HapyilleHWio
CHCTeMHBIX
CBASei
TepMHHOR.
C
lomombio
yKasaHHoli
Me oaHKH
He
TOJbKO
BHIABAMIOTCH
HepapxH4eckHe
OTHOWCHHA
MeKIy
TepMuHaMmu,
HO
H
KOHCTaTHpyeTca
HanH4ne
Han
oTcyT-
CTBHE
TaKHX
OTHOWeHHH
y
To o
Han
HHO O
TePMHHA,
MOCKOMbKy
yunTEIBaeT-
CA
cTeneHb
CeMaHTH4ecKOli
uZeHTHYHOCTH, onpele sio cs
pogxopie
(nozyH-
HAloWHe)
TepMHABI,
BUOBLIC
(noquMHeHHDIe)
Tepmanb,
ux
Hanuune
y
poao-
‘8
Tesaypyc
Hay4Ho- exunuecknx
Tepmunos/O6m.
peg.
10.
HV.
MWemakuna—
M.:
Boen-
usza ,
1972.—
671
c.
02
BbIX
TepMHHOB.
Bepy ca
Ha
y4ueT
H
TepMHHBI,
HMelOMe
OOUIHe
cemaHTHue-
ckue
CBA3H
C
OCHOBHBIM
TEPMHHOM,
XOTA
H
He
HaXxOAINHeCA
C
HUM
B
poso-
BHAOBHIX
OTHOLWIeHHAX.
HopMasmusyioulumM
cbakTopoM
9TOH
MeTOAMKH
ABJIA-
eTcad
O peyeneHwe
Ha
OCHOBe
Hay4HO O
aHasH3a
TeKCTOB
TeX
TepMHHOB,
KOTOpbie
TpeOylOT
SaMCHbI
WIM
MO yT
pacueHATBCA
Ha
TepMHHbI
—
ceMaH-
TuueckHe
KOMNOHeHTHI.
Hanp.,
B
Ha3BaHHOM
Te3aypyce
yKa3biBaeTCa
HeO6-
XOMHMOCTh
3aMeHBI
TepMHHa
Oeuea eau
Baxkena
TepMHHOM
POTOpHO-nopiuL-
HeBole
OaueaTeAU,
a
TEPMHH
CUCTeMbL
KOCMUUECKOU
KaBU2ayuU
PUuKCUpyeTca
kak
TpeOyloulu
pacuieHeHHA
Ha
COCTaBHble
YaCTH
KOCMU4eCKAA
HaBu2auUs,
HaAgueayuoHKKole
cucTemol.
A
9TO
yxKe
UpakTHYecKHe
Wa H
no
nyTH
ynops-
HOYCHHA
OTPacMeBOl
TEPMHHOJOTHH
Ha
OCHOBe
OOEKTHBHBIX
MPH3HAaKOB.
O6o6ulaa
BOsMOXHOCTH
ONpeseMeHHA
TepMHHa
Ha
OCHOBe
Hepapxu4ecKoOH
M
TesaypyCHOH
Hay4HbIX
KlaccH uKauHi,
HeEOOXOMHMO
KOHCTaTHpOBaTb
UX
H36HpaTembHylo
Wemecoobpa3HOcTb
B
pa3HbIX
OOMACTAX
TEPMHHOB
COBpeMeH-
HOH
HaykKH
HW
TeXHHKH.
B
eOM
xe,
3HaA
OCHOBHbIe
NpH3HaKM
TepMHHAa
Kak
HaHMeCHOBaHAA
ChelualbHO O,
HayYHO O
NOHATHA
H
MOASyACb
ONMCAHHbIMH
KJaCCHPHKAKHOHHBIMH
MeTOAHKaMH
BBeJeHHA
COBAa,
ABJIAIOWe OcaA
TepMH-
HOM,
B
ONpe eseHHy10
KaccHpHKalHOHHYy!0
CHCTeEMy,
MOXKHO
Ha
OCHOBe
OOb-
€KTHBHBIX
KPHTepHeB
OTACHTb
TEPMHH
OT
HeTeEPMHHA,
a
TaK2xKe
H3
CyulecT-
BYIOUHX
PaSHOPOAHEIX
CHelMaIbHBIX
HaHMCHOBaHHii
oOTOOpaTh
HaHGomee
CHCTeMUbIi
H,
CeLOBATeADHO,
WemecooOpasHEl
TePMHH
LA
BbIPAaKeHuA
Ha-
yunol,
TexHuyeckOl
MbICAH.
CneqoBaTesbHO,
HMeIOTCA
BCe
OCHOBaHHA
B
OMpe-
eneH e
TepMHHa
KaK
ClellWaIbHO O
HaHMeCHOBaHHA
H3
OOaCTH
HaydHO-
TEXHHYECKOM
H
MpaKTHYCCKOli
eATeMbHOCTH,
PyHKWMOHHpylomle o
B
ccepe
mpodecchouanbHo o
O6MLeHHA,
LOOaBHTb:
H
ABMAIOWCTOCH
KOMMOHEHTOM
CcO-
BpeMCHHOli
HayYHOH,
cheuManbHO
KAaccHHKaMOHHOH
cucTeMBI.