IN LITHUANIAN
KALBOTYROS
QUESTION-
S, XXVIII
(1989)
LANGUAGE
RICE
IR
AUTHORITY
MARYTE
RAZMUKAITE
GERVECIU
APYLINKIY
RESIDENCE
PLACE
VARDU
LEXICAL-STRUCTURAL
BRUOZAI
Ge é iy
Dis ic
(Ga dino
s .
As a o,
i§
pa
—
Smu gainiy
aj.)
names o
places o
esidenc-
e, o
oikonimai,
like o he
oponyms
i
(hyd onymous
i
mic o oponym-
s), hei lexical
and s uc u al
cha ac e is i-
i
cs a e close
Vilnius,
iS
pa
The Sou h
Side o he
Sou h Side
o he Sou h
Side.
Sios
Bela usian
TSR
means-
&ids compac
isola ed
i
Li huanian
language salés
mic o oponimy in
ecen imes, as
dialec
ocabula y, is
mo e in luenced
by sla y
i
language, bu
The
econymy
o his
egion is
much
less
changed.
Ji
a si esia
besi ibojan iy
g e imy
Lie u os
TSR
apylinkiy
oponiminj
a ealq.
So
ji
i
They belong
o he
same
egion, he
ype and
s uc u e
o he
geog aphic-
al name o
which is
jy
de e mined
by he
na ional
his o ical,
cul u al
i
and
economic
condi ions
and eali ies.
Ge é iai
su
apylinkémis
up o now
1939
m.
was
Vilnius
coun y
own,
cen e o
he alsé, o
which
belonged
abou
150
esiden ial
place
(i8
ju
23
d a ai)
(plg.
Ka dely é
1975,
5).
IS
adi ions
Si
in he
icini y o
19 h
a.
cen u y s ill
di ec ly
linkési
e hnog aph-
su
ic
Li huania
—
main
Li huanian
language
a ea,
especially
in he
Bui ydziais,
Nemenéiné,
Ka kaziskemis,
S inaiciu
(Vidugi is
1974,
117;
1972,
19).
E en he
y
su ounding
e ain, he
su ace o he
Ea h and
physiog aphical
da a a e e lec ed
in oponyms,
especially in
mic o oponyms.
The a icle
is based on
ne
all
The names o
he locali ies
in his a ea,
only hose,
o
whose
Li huanian
equi alen s
we e ound in
he complex
expedi ion
collec ing he
1970
m.
name o he
ee!.
ga
Todél ia
a ailable
quan i y o
medium né a
high a e gi en
abou
—
75
Ge é iy
i
g e imy
(Izabelinos,
Kieméliskiu,
Mikaili8kiy,
Va nionid)
neighbou -
hood names.
Because
local
names
a e
iS
ound in
li ing languages
—
i§
a més
ep ezen an -
y, so in some
places, whe e
necessa y, he
gende s o he
dialec
oikonimy a e
gi en in
i
pa en heses,
as well as he
Bela usian8ki
equi alen s.
i
jy
Icons, like
o he s
i
Ge é iy
apylinkiy
oponimai,
y a
a si ade
is
bend iniy
ZodZiu
(b.z.),
.
y.
o o he
p ope
names.
Siu
ZodZiu name
a
and
oikonimiza ion
( ansla i-
on wi h
oikonimy)
in dialec
was done
in wo
beids: dalis
oikonimy
kilo
i8
bend iniy
a
ik iniy
ZodZiy
be
ac ion
o man y
(p ima y),
pa o
—
igije
oponimy
wo k
poZymiy,
bi en
o man yu
(seconda y)
(plg.
Vanagas
1970,
28;
53).
Bo h p ima y
and ick
seconda y
oponymic
e bs ha e
se e al cases
o
oikonymisa ion:
a ixa ion,
plu aliza ion,
conjuga ion
1)
2)
3)
(plg.
To-
1
Ge é iy
apylinkiy
placenames
collec ed
J.
Lipskienes,
M.
Razmukai es
i
A.
Middle.
FF
Back box
1983,
6).
Meanwhile,
acco ding o
leksing-seman ing
sudé j o igin
i
Ge é iy
alylinkiy
placenaZis a e
se e al ypes:
asmennominiai
1)
(i8 names,
su names,
nicknames),
adjec i es
2)
(i¥
b.
%.
—
daik a a dziy,
biid a dziy)
i
3)
i8
ki y oponimy
(oiconyms,
hyd onym-
s). The
p ima y ones.
Siu
The
su oundi-
ngs o
Ge é iy
19
%.
1.
Bea ixed:
a)
Appella i e
—
Colonia
(B uss.
Kasénin®)
ys.
Va nioniii
(he eina e e e ed o as
—
Wa ning.)
ap., plg.
sl.
Collidnia
»desola e,
belie e*
(LKZ
VI
311);
b)
is
ki y
oponymy:
Gibi dé®
( .
i
Oh, yeah,
yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah.
Tibipda)
k.
Ge ééiy
(he eina e e e ed o as
—
M . P esiden .)
ap., plg.
Gibi dé
|.,
py.
(Ibid.)
Maliu a
(B uss.
Maa oma)
s.
Si .
ap., plg.
Maliu a
up.
(ASmenos
in .);
Peleg inda
(B uss.
Ieaeepémda)
k.
Ge y.
ap., plg.
Peleg in-
délé* up.
(ASmenos
in .);
Pales ine’
(B uss.
[Taaecyina)
k., buy.
wo.
Si .
ap., plg.
Pales ine,
Salis
Vaka y
Asia.
2.
Su
Zodziy in he
o m o
a ixes:
a)
ad e bial,
appella i e
—
Ke plésiné®
ll
Ke pléina
( .
i
Ke plosina,
b us.
Kepnaau ma,
.
Kepnaéwema)
k.
Ge y.
ap., galbi
i8
b.
Z.
*ke plésiné,
plg.
ké plésa,
ké pléSas,,-
senas,
supu es
medzio
kelmas,
apauges
mosomis,
kups as,
i’ a a“
(LKZ
V
619—620);
b)
p ieSdéliniai?,
adjec i es
:
AZilauké
(B uss.
Aoieyaayxa)
s.
Si .
ap., plg.
azidauké,-
uzlauké,
galulauké’
ix
azulaiikas;
i
Az Zukapé
Pa 1
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
aziikapé
,,uzkapé,
ie a
uZ
kapy’’ o
i8
bu ial;
i
Az-Zu ays i
(B uss.
Ao
(unexpec ed)
k.
Izabelinos
(he eina e e e ed o as
—
Izab.)
ap., plg.
Azu e
»d awing,
place o
uz
d awing*
i§
azu e;
i
Uzupis
( .
i
Use ul,
b ush.
3apMou h)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
uzupis,
wzupé
‘place
uz
ups ea-
i
m’ w2apé;
i
Pamedé
Gi iy
k.
pa
Si .
ap., plg.
pamedé,
‘pamiské,
pagi ys’
i
pamédis,
i
médzias
‘misses,
p aises’;
Pabaliai
(B uss.
[7é6aai)
s.
Mikailiskiy
ap., plg.
pabal s,
pabaliai
‘place
along he
bank,
nea he
bank’
i§
bank;
i
Pé e biai
( .
i
Pa e biai,
b us.
[deep6i,
Iasépéi)
k.
Izab.
ap., plg.
*pa e biai
,,place
along he
willows,
e bs“
pa a m.
iS
i
e bd
‘Willow,
Zil i is’.
Plu alia
an um
oikonimai.
In he case o
mo phological
plu aliza ion,
he names
ha e dgs.
o he
denomina o .
Since place
names,
especially
oikonyms, ha e a
mo phologically
g amma ical
numbe o m,
he ca ego y o
he e b
ne
e lec s he
a
unc ion o a
o
oponymic
indica o .
i
(plg.
CynepaucKasa
1969,
114;
Tlogonpc-
xaa
1983,
96),
in some
au ho s'
wo ks
plu al- e mi-
nal oikonimes
a e
conside ed
de i a i es
o lexibili y
(plg.
Jlemmo ona
1970,
124-128).
*
Bal a usi8ki
sha ing
Kk.
.
equi alen s
a e gi en
acco ding o
J.
Rapano igiy
(Pamanosi4
1982,
16-269).
®
Raiy.
Sal ines
ha e
uZ ixed
gende
Gibe da
(Tuéepoa)
(plg.
Tomxesuy
1905,
31).
*
The
Peleg indélé
is p obably
seconda y
o he
Mazyb.
su
The nex
s ep is
iS
he upé .
*Peleg inda,
kai
A
homonymous
se lemen
appea ed by
he i e ;
akiy
élesniy
p ocessing is
qui e
In Li huania
(plg.
Vanagals
1970,
126—
127).
5
These
ans e ed
names o o he
places, owns,
ci ies,
coun ies,
s a es a e
called
exp essi e
me apho ical
place names in
some
onomas ics
(ple.
Muxaiinosa
1971,
140).
®
I 's a
newe
k.
name, i
used o
be
Ka mazai.
7
Fo mally
Zi in ,
Siuos
.
can be bi y
submi ed
o
i
p iSdéliniy
ediniy,
.
y.
o an iniy
oikonimuy,
mo eo e
ha ing in
mind ha
hey, as
abo e
p esen ed
p eposi ion-
al oikonimuy,
a e p obably
i
made in
physiog aph-
ic e m, a e
conside ed
o p ima y.
i8
—
78
The
plu alia
an um
oikonimi
o he
Ge é iy
neighbou -
hood a e p esen ed in a sepa a e g oup.
I is one o he
mos
i
p oduc i e
dialec s.
By o igin
jy
He e is a
pe sonal
1)
appella i e.
i
2)
1)
Asmeniniai
make up a la ge
pa o he
dialec
oikonimy:
Bajé ai
(B uss.
Ba pe )
k.
Izab.
ap., plg.
p d. *
Bajé as
i
b.z.
bajé as;
Ba auskai
(o he wise
Uzupis)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Ba diiskas;
DaukSiai
(B uss.
Aayxuonuxi)
k., buy.
Tue
Izab.
ap., p d.
Daukis;
Gaigdliai
(B uss.
Iaiieéai)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
pyd.
The ail;
Gal-
Gi inai
(B uss.
Taaeuynei)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
a d.®
Galdiinas,
p d.
Gallium;
Gela ins
(B uss.
Tea onei)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
a d.
Gelliene,
p d.
Gelai is,
Gelinas;
G iodziai
(B uss.
ipddsi)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Decembe-
, Decembe ;
Kal iai
(B uss.
Kaeaai)
k.
As a o
ap., plg.
p d.
Kdl is b.z.
i
kdl is;
Ka mdzos
( .
i
Ka mazai),
senesnis
Ke plésinés
(Z .)
illage
name, plg.
p d.
Ka mazd,
Ka mdzas;
Ka elia
(B uss.
Kapséai)
k.
Wa n.
ap., plg.
pyd.
Ca élis;
Mycins
(B uss.
Miy one )
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Myciin;
Méckos
(B uss.
Mdyxi)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Mocha;
Pé ikai
(B uss.
émpoixi)
k.
Si .
ap., p d.
Pe icas;
Radii
( .
Radziiliai,
b o.
Pads10ai)
k.
Izab.
ap., plg.
p d.
Radzii lis,
Radziilis;
Se iously.
(B uss.
Poimd3
onnes)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
a d.
Se ious,
e.g.
Rimdzius;
Sakaldi¢iai
(B uss.
Cached)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Sdkalas
(*Sakalai is),
Sakaldiiskas;
Sachinai
(B uss.
3axyxy )
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
a d.
Sakiinas,
p d.
Sakas,
Sakdiiskas,
Saka icius;
Sa iciins
(B uss.
Casiuoxe )
buy.
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Sa iciin;
Valeikinai
( .
Tempo a-
ily, b o.
Baaaiix ne )
s.
Si .
ap., plg.
pyd.
Valeika,
Valaika,
Valeikis
(galbi
*Valeikina,
*Valeikina);
Waxes
( .
i
Wax,
b ush.
Bawxyuei)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Vaskin;
2)
Appella i e:
Gi ios
(B uss.
Tipe )
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
gi id;
P idé kai
bu .
wo.
2005-2006
Galéiiinu
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
psn.
sl.
p idé kas
(<Polish:
p zyda ek-
),,p iedas,
p idé inis
sklypas“
(LKZ
X
612).
Seconda-
y
oikonime-
s, o de i a i es.
Siy
Ge é iy
agy ikése
is mos o
abou
—
40
%.
Thai
—
1)
p iesagy
edic,
2)
composed
de i a i -
i
3)
es one
agg ega e
oikonimas.
1.
The mos
common
p e ixes in
Vedic names
i8
(adjec i es
This is mainly
a possessi e
placemen :
su
-cizna"
i
:
Ciuzo seizna
(B uss.
Yoisicdpuuema)
k.
Wa n.
ap., plg.
pyd.
Ciuzdiiska-
s,
Cizdiiskas,
CiZo skis;
Ramanaiiczna
(B uss.
Pamanéywuema)
ys.
T akininku
ap., plg.
p d.
Ramadiic acid;
-éjos
:
Milcéjos
(B uss.
Mia ysi)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Milca,
Miléius;
8
Pa a dés
(p d.)
o
compa ison
i§
,,Lie u iy
pa a dziy
Zodyno“.
V.,
1985.
T.
1.
(A-K)
i
1989.
T.
2.
®
A d.
(pe sonal name)
Zymé a o he
pe sonal
names lis ed
i$
M.
Bi ilos
i
A.
Vanago
announce-
men
(Bipsma, Bana ac
1968,
12—98).
10
The
Bela usian
equi alen s
o he
names o
o me ,
disappea ed
illages and
mano s a e
p esen ed
as ollows:
M.
Bi ilos
i
A.
Vanago's
epo ing.
1.
The Sla ic
o igin o
he name
i
Lie u os
In he ensla ed
egions o he
USSR, commonly
used o make
oikonimy
asmen a dziy
i§
(plg.
"Razmukai-
1983,
147,
152).
79
-ina®
:
Zabelind
(B uss.
Max.
k.
Izab.
é ap., plg.
agains .
.
Zabelia,
p d.
Zabiela;
Weigh s
(B uss.
Bixmacina)
k.
Ge y.
ap., plg.
mzb.
.
Weigh ed
pages, b us.
a d.
Buxmace
(Bipsiia
1982,
48);
~ynas
:
Ma gelynas
(B uss.
Mapzéai)
k.
Kieméliskiu
ap., plg.
p d.
Ma gélis;
-ikés
:
Asiniskés
(B uss.
Acauiuxi)
k.
Smu gainiu
(he eina e e e ed o as
—
Smu .)
j.
Z6diskiy
ap., plg.
p d.
Asinskas,
Asinduskas
(<link.
Osind);
An dniskés
(B uss.
Anméniw-
uxi)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.,
.
An onas;
Bagdonixkes
( .
i
Bagdad
kni e, sha p.
Bazddniwuxi)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Baghdad;
Ce nikés
(B uss.
YSpniwu i)
k.
Wa n.
ap., plg.
p d.
Ce nis,
Ce njs;
Ka éi iskés'®
(B uss.
CapeS ieiuxi)
k.
Si .
ap.
(<p .
.
(Pl.
p d.
Ka ei a,
Ka ei a;
Kidiskés
(B uss.
Kydsiwxi)
k.
Smu .
j.
Sali ap.,
plg.
p d.
Kudz,
Kudz;
Mikdili'kes
( .
i
Mikaligskys,
ab asi e.
2000. (in
Russian)
K., A. A..
c., plg.
p d.
Mikdila,
Mikdilas,
Mikalas:
Papiskes
( .
i
Papiskis,
Papiskiai,
b us.
ITéniuxi)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Papas,
PapJs
i
b.z.
po a oes
‘popas’
(LKZ
1X
350);
Pe éliskés
(B uss.
Hempaaiwxi)
buy.
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.,
.
Pe élis;
-inaki
(-nykai)**
:
Bab dunykai
( .
i
Bab un kai,
b us.
Baépynixi)
k.
Wa n.
ap., plg.
p d.
Bab o as,
Bab diiskas,
b us.
Baopoyxi
(Bupsina
1965,
28—29):
Gudinjkai
(B uss.
o .
Tydsanixi,
.
I'ydsinixi)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Guide,
Giddens,
Gud nas
b.Z.
ix
guide,
guiding;
Sa inykai
||
Sa ininkai*®)
( .
i
Sa e nykai,
b us.
MamSpuixi)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Sa ijs,
Sa inis:
-uskés'®
:
Knys uskíes
(B uss.
Kuicmyuxi)
k.
Si .
ap., plg.
p d.
Knys au as,
Knjs au as.
Appella ion
kilmés
p iesaginiy
ediniy
He e a e
a ew:
- igh :
Ge éciai
(B uss.
M.Sc.,
M.A., Ph.D.
c.
i
b.2.
managed
(plg.
Maciejauskienes
1988).
P obably a
mic o oponym,
he name o a
meadow pool
a
*Ge édia
a
pan.,
pe éjes
éliau
j
oikonimus
(plg.
Ge écia
up.
ies
Musninkais,
Ge é is i .
2005-2006
Salako,
Ge é¢ios
p .
Ukme gés
coun y,
pelké
Ignalinos
1s ed. by
J.M.G.
i
b.
U enos
j.
i
k ).2?
-ninkai
(-nykai)
:
Bdlninkai
( .
Bdlnykai,
b o.
Boa nixi)
k.
Wa n.
ap., plg.
b.Z.
ball.
2.
Sudé iniy
da iniy
Ge é iy
ap óhegyésé
nehogy ez a
—
se e al
polaa izacin-
iy oikonimyu,
composed o
wo
is
componen s:
bi a diio
oikonimo
i
(plu alia
an um).
They we e
di ided in o
wo: he i s
a)
componen o
he
—
pe sonally-na-
med o igins
oiko-
+2
Sou h
Sios sl.
su ixes
o o igin
Lie u os
The P.T.O.P.
Razmukai é,
he same.
*
The illage
is called
s ill
i
Ka ei os.
“
Dialec al
equi alen o
he ad e b
-ininkai
(-ninkai),
**
Oikonimas
may be o
apela i e
i
o igin
—
i8
b.
2.
Sa d,
Ge é iy
apylinkės
a ojamo
eikSme
,,long,
hin
Say,
shake,
shake,
Zalga"
(LKZ
XIV
542),
*®
Placiau
dél
Dis ibu -
ion o his
su ix in
Li huania
The P.T.O.P.
Razmuka e
1983,
150.
*
P iesaga
- Yeah.
(-é is, -é a)
a ely
occu s in
Li huanian
ad e bs.
places o
nouns in
he
ji
c ea ion;
mo e
badinga in
o he
place
names,
ypaé
hyd ony-
i
my,
be
commonly
used,
mazy
iSim¢iy,
only in he
eas o
Li huania,
j
close o
he line
Pab adé,
U ena,
Za asai
(plg.
Vanagas
1970,
141).
80
nimas,
he
second —
o dina y
(non-adj-
ec i e)"*
nicknam-
e: Jacinos
Didelés
(B us.
Baaixia
Ayémo )
k. and
Jacinos
MaZos
(B us.
Maa ia
Aysimei)
k. Ge .
ap. ; .
Jokin én-
es*
Didelés |
Jokin én-
es
Didziilés
(b us.
Baaixia
Exenmdn-
e ) k. i .
Jokin on-
es MdZos
||
Jokin én-
es
Mazi és-
®® (b us.
Maa ia
Exenmdn-
o ) k.
Izab. ap. ;
b) he
i s
compone-
n is a
simple
ad e b,
he
second is
a noun
(wi hou
an
opposi i-
on pai ):
Nauji
Rimdii in-
ai*® k.,
c .
Se iously
M . Ge .
ap. ; Send
Ridnia
(B us.
Cmapda
Pydna)
s. Ge .
ap., plg.
Rudnid k.
Va énos
j. and
o he s.
3.
Sudu in-
iy
oikonimy
Ge é iy
apylinkė-
je
uZ iksuo-
as
ienas
—o .
Gidagojis
( .
Gudagdj-
us, b us.
I'ydaedi )
ms l.
Gidagojo
ap.,
compos-
ed o wo
appella i-
yu
—gudas™
and
gdjus o
p d. The
guide is
gay.
The e
a e
se e al
and
ague
wo ks o
no qui e
clea
wo ks
and
o igins o
Ge é-
¢iy
a egional
oikonimu:
Men's
shoes
buy. wo.
Si . ap.
(see
Ba Ské -
as py.
nea
Gi iy k.);
. may
be a
pe sonal
noun i§
p d.
Ba ske -
a,
Ba ské i-
s, bu plg.
Sios
Saknies
b.z.
ba ské -
as,,ba S-
kalai“,
om
which
he name
o he
meadow
comes**.
Bézdanos
( . i
Bézdeno-
s,
Bezdény-
s, b us.
Basddn -
) k.
Ge . ap.,
plg.
Ms isla
Ms isla .
and k.
Vilnius
aj.
Paliausk-
ai (B us.
Iaaéjxa)
s. Ge .
2000. pp.
10.
"Paliado"
(in
Po ugu-
ese).
"S i is-
kés
(b us.
Ceipwpm-
a) k.
Izab". ap.,
gal plg. (?)
p d.
S i skas,
-skis o
b.z.
he le e .
Sniegion-
ys (i.e.
Sniegéna-
i, b .
CuizAnei),
pe haps
pe sonal
name
o igin in
he
nickname
o some
Roo
(such
Roo
pe sonal
name is
no
eco de-
d).
"Vaigisai
(b us.
Ba izuc -
i) k.
Ge .".
ap., may
be
ela ed
o
pe sonal
names,
e.g. p d.
Vaiginas,
Vaiginis,
Vaigdusk-
as and
o he s.
Za elcai
(b us.
3aeéaey-
oi) k.
Ge . ap.
I is
p obably
a
de i a i-
e o he
P iSdélin
Sla y
language,
c . p iSd.
za-(sa-) is
he
Sla ic
name o
he i e
Ne is
Velja
(B us.
Bessa,
Beiaa)™.
Bo h
p iminiy
and
an iniy
oikonimy
Ge é iy
akö nyé-
kében
p edomi-
na e i§
asmen a-
dZiy kile
place
names;
mazZau
jy is iS
apelia y-
iniy
leksemy
and e y
li le
é a i8
o he
oponim-
y.
* To al. k.
bi y
Jokin én-
ys (see
Li kme-
nys, .
Li ikmen-
es k.
Ignalina
aj.).
18
Ne a Zu-
o iné, he
simple
o m o
bi a dziai
o
Sude ian
amily
names is
also
common in
he
eas e n
pa o
he
Li huani-
an SSR,
c . local
names:
Naiijas
Paliésius
k.
(Ignalinos
aj.),
Naiijas
S iindi -
is k.,
Nauja
Pasaminé
k., Nauji
Saminiai k.
S enéion-
iy aj.)
and
o he s
(Lie u os
TSR
adminis -
acinio- -
e i o inio
suski s -
ymo
Zinynas,
1976, 194,
195, 196). 19
And he
name o
ha
illage
was
Zmoniy. 20
Da zm.
ad. and
Mazakie-
mis. *%}
Now he
illage is
called
Komsamo-
lska. %
Sou h Sio
Zodzio
eikSmiy
plg. "A.
Vanagas
gud-Rakni-
es
hid onimy
e ymolog-
ijas" (in
Li huania-
n). Bu plg.
S.
Ka ali ino
epo
(1985,
55-56). *
He e's
ano he
plg. The
hyd ony-
ms o his
oo a e
Ba Ské i-
s,
Ba ské a
(nea
S endioni-
y),
Ba skié -
is (nea
Molé y)
and
o he s
(Vana gas
1981, 59),
which
con i ms
he idea
ha he
oikonimos
is mo e
likely o
be
associa -
ed wi h
he
appella i-
e. *
Sou h
okiy
eyia dziy
o m plg.
Vanga
1981, pp.
382–383.
6.
678
81

The mos
p oduc i-
e ways
o
making
oikonyms
In hese
a eas,
he e will
p obably
be
su ixa i-
on,
plu aliza-
ion ( his
is also
ue o
he
eas e n
pa o
he
e i o-
y o he
Li huani-
an SSR).
The
numbe
o
de i a i-
e
oikonyms
is abou
30%, and
he numbe o plu alia an um oikonyms is simila .
To
summa i-
ze he
o e iew,
he
mic omod-
el o he
Ge é iy
neighbo -
hood is gi en as ollows:
Ikoniniai
pagal
kilmę: iS
asmeny.
I 's
appealed.
iS ki y
.
(lexical
image)
59% 23'%
ibe
2011. ^
"P ima y
pl.
an um
seconda-
y
(de i a i-
es)".
(s uc u-
al iew)
19% 32%,
a ixin.
Sudé.
Vedic
de i a i es
30% a%, The
emaining (~
10%) a e names
o unclea
o igin and
o igin. I seems
ha such
a,,mic omodel*
—pe haps wi h
small
de ia ions—is
only applicable
o he eas e n
coas o he
Li huanian SSR.
Mo eo e ,
pe haps bo h
he
cons uc i e
elemen s o
he
neighbou ing
dialec s and
he ocabula y
o he a ea,
such as he
wo d
"summe " and
o he ela ed
e ms, ha e
hei
coun e pa s
in he
abo e-men ion-
ed pa o
Li huania.
Asmen a dinés
kilmés oikonimy
pa a dZiy
p es aY
indica e ha
he g ea e
pa o he
esiden ial
place names
i8
In his
egion,
ela i ely
as , he
eme gence
jy
o p i a e
p ope y
was
associa ed.
LITERATURA
in Queens
S.
E hnolinguis ic
opposi ion
,,a8kie
speake s*
—
,.neaiSki,
incomp ehensi-
bly speaking*
i
li .
gadas,
la .
guds
seman ics,
e ymology
and
cons uc ion
//
Ta p au iné
bal is y
con e ence
(P aneSimu
hesis).
V.,
1985.
P.
55—56.
Ka dely é
J.
Ge éciy
a mé.
V.,
1975.
Li huania
"Adminis a i e- e i o i-
al di ision o he TSR".
V.,
1976.
T.
2.
Maciejauskienes
V.
Ge é iy
Va do
Kilmé
//
Ge eys.
V.,
1989.
P.
259-260.
Razmuka e
M.
Pe sonal
p onouns
e bs
Lie u os
TSR
ac onyms
//
Lie u os
TSR
Moksly
The
Academy.
A
Si .
1983.
T.
2
(83).
P.
146—153.
Vanagas
A.
Lie u os
Hyd ogen
pe oxide.
V.,
1970.
Vanagas
A.
Lie u iy
hid onimy
e ymologinis
Zodynas.
V.,
1981.
Vidugi is
A.
Lexical
dialec isms
o he
Ge ééiy dialec
//
Lie u os
TSR
Moksly
The
Academy.
A.
Si .
1974.
T.
1
(46).
P.
117-127.
Vidugi is
A.
18
Ge é iy
dialec
seman ic
dialec isms
//
Lie u iy
Linguis ics.
1972.
T.
13.
P.
19-29.
Bip iaa
M.
B.
Benapyckaa
an pananimis.
Minck,
1982.
Bippi a
M.
B.,
Bana ac
A.
You.
Jli oycxia
snemeu n
¥
Senapyckai
anamac sune .
(Jaxnan ).
Mixck,
1968.
Tomxesuy
W.
W.
Bunenck's
back.
Bunbua,
1905.
Jlemmo osa
B.
I.
Benapyckas
alixanimia, Mixck,
Muxaiinosa
1970.
smMounonanbHEx
A.
T.
06
u
9KCMpeccHBHBIX
TONOOcHOBax
//
OHoMac HKa
To-
BowKba.
Toppxuii,
1971.
4.
2.
C.
138-142.
Tlogomckaa
H.
B.
Tunonpie
soc ounocnasancKne
TonoocHoss .
M.,
1983.
82
Pananosia
A.
H.
Cnoynix
na3pay
nacenéupix
nynx ay
I'm so so y.
Minck,
1982.
Cynepanckas
A.
B.
Poy
w
“ucsio
coOc BeHHb
amen
//
Cyiepanckas
A,
B.
C pyk ypa
HMeHH
co6c senno o.
M.,
1969.
C.
108-117.
JIEKCMKO-CTPYKTYPHBIE
YEPTbI
OMMKOHMMOB
OKPECTHOCTEM
TEPBAT
I'm so y, I'm so y.
B
JICKCHKO-CTpyKTYPHBI€
YepTbI
OKOHHMOB,
COOpaHHbIX
B
OKPEcTn-
oc ax
Tepsa
(BCCP,
Oc poseukui
p-H
Tpognenckoli
0611.)
BO
BpeMa
oKcHeqHUHH
1970
.
Tlo
qaHHOMy
MaTepHany BbLeNAeTCA
HecKONbKO
cmoBoOOpa3z0BaTeNbHLIX
pyn
I was KOHH-
Don' :
1)
O#KOHHMBI
NepsH4HO o
OOpas0BaHHA,
T.€
.
OOpasoBaHHble
OT
HapHlaTeNbHBIX
COB
WITH apy ux
co6c senxs x
nMeH
Ge3
TONO@opMaHTos
HM
2)
OAKOHMMbI
BTOPHYHOTO
OGpaz0BaHAA,
T.
€.
oOpa30BaHHbie
OT
APYFHX
HapHUaTebHBIX
cioB
HH
COOCTBEHHBIX
HMECH
[pH
TOMOLIM
TOMOHH-
MHYECKHX
(OPMAHTOB
WIM
Apy HMH
c ocobamu
(AduKcalHA,
CHOBOCHOKeHHE,
COMOIOKeHHE).
HanGonee
nposykTHBHEIM
BuyOM
O6paz0BaHHA
OKOHHMOB
B
OKpecTHocTax
Tepsa
aBaae cA
cybbuxcauna
(~
30%).
Konc aTapye ca,
4To onHMM
23
HanGosee
MONYIAPHEIX
c iocoGoB
Nepexo/la
anesIATABOB
BIH
Mpy nx
cOGcTBeHHEIX
HMeH
B
Kiacc
OMKOHMMOB
ABIIAeTCA
MIOPANHIALAA,
T.
€.
OOpasoBanHe
coOc BeHHBIX
AMeH
B
cbopme
plu iu al-
ia an um
(~32%).
The Mexican
loo .
WM
0
NpoucXxOxeHHIO
OlikOHAMHA
OKpecTHOcTeli
Tepsa
Jesi es
Ha
3
pynnb :
1)
o anesATHBHBIe
OMKOHAMBI,
2)
OMKOHMMBI,
oOpa30BaHHbie
OT
aHTpo O-
HHMOB,
H
3)
OMKOHHMbI,
OOpa3oBaHHbIe
OT
Apy Hx
TomoHHMOB.
HanOomee
MmpOayKTMBHEIMK
ABISKOTCH
OMKOHHMEL
AaHTPOMOHAMHYECKOTO
MpoucxoayeHHA
(~
59%);
OlKOHHMBI,
OOpa3z0BaH-
HbIe OT
Mpy Hx
TOMOHMMOB,
cOCTaBIAIOT
HUTh
~7%.
Kouc ainpye cs,
uTo
oKcep Would
Tepsa
m0
cBoemy
OjiKOHUMMYeCKOMy
MaTepHaly
ABIIS-
OTCA
YACTHIO
HJIM
MPOMOWKeHHEM
I'm so y, I'm so y.
BOCTOYHOH
YacTH
pe HoHa
JIu CCP
(Bunsuiocckxo o,
Misewyéucko o
p-Hos).
b+