ACTA
LINGUISTICA
LITHUANICA
XLIX
(2003),
1-3
Li h.
siénas,
OChSI.
séno
‘hay’
and
IE
*kei-
‘ o
lie’
ROMUALDAS
J.
APANAVICIUS
Vilnius
Li h.
Siénas
and
OCHSI.
séno
‘hay’
a e
adi ionally
connec ed
wi h
G eek
(Hesych.)
~o ¢.
‘oo 0<’,
bu
no
eliable
e ymology
has
been
p oposed
as
a .
He e
a
connec ion
wi h
he
IE
oo
*kei-
‘ o
lie’
is
sugges ed.
In
his
a icle
a
new
explana ion
is
p oposed
o
Li h.
Siénas,
La .
siens
and
i s
Sla onic
cogna es
OChSI.
séno,
Rus.
cexo,
Se b.-C .
sijeno,
Pol.
siano
(Vasme
1987:
601).
Mos
au ho s
dealing
wi h
hese
wo ds
(T au man
1923:
297;
ME,,,
1927-1929:
859;
Poko ny
1959:
610;
F aenkel
1965:
980;
Vasme
1987:
601
e c.)
me ely
epea
Pe
Pe sson’s
(1893:
257)
sugges ion
acco ding
o
which
Li h.
siénas,
OChSI.
séno
could
be
ela ed
o
G .
(Hesych.)
xo a
‘yoo oc;
G ass’
(<*koi-no-,
possibly
neu e
plu al).
Pe sson
w o e:
“Ube
die
wu zel
on
xow 4,
li .
szénas,
abg.
séno
méch e
ich
nich
en scheiden”
(“As
o
he
oo ...
I
would
no
like
o
commi
mysel ”)
and
he
epea ed
he
idea
o
Fick
and
B ugmann
acco ding
o
which
he
wo ds
unde
discus-
sion
could
be
connec ed
wi h
OInd.
syand-
‘ ocken
gewo den’,
sind-
‘ge onnen’,
hough
Pe sson
hough
ha
he
meaning
‘hay,
g ass’
could
no
be
old.
Biiga
(1959:
170)
econs uc s
Bal .
*Seina-n
(acco ding
o
him
OChSI.
séno
<
IE
*koino-m
would
co espond
o
Li h.
*Sainas).
Ka ulis
(1992:
177)
supposes
ha
he
wo d
o
‘hay’
co esponds
o
an
IE
oo
*kei-
unde lying
colou
e ms
such
as
Li h.
Sy as,
Sémas
‘g ey
(o
a
ho se)’.
The
e idence
adduced
below
allows
us
o
econs uc
a
Bal o-Sla ic
a che ype
*Sei-
na
|
Saina
(neu e
gende ).
The
phone ical
co espondences
poin
o
an
ini ial
*s-
which
mani es s
i sel
in
Li h.
sienas
and
appea s
in
a
numbe
o
Bal ic-Fennic
loanwo ds
as h-
<
*S-
(Fin.
heind,
Es .
hein,
Veps.
hein,
Vo .
eind
and
SEs .
hain,
Li .
dina,
Sam.
suoid’ne;
c .
Thom-
sen
1891:
223;
Biiga
1959:
170;
S ang
1966:
54).
The
same
co espondence
is
obse -
ed
in
Fin.
he ne
‘pea’
om
a
Bal ic
wo d
e lec ed
in
Li h.
Zi nis
‘id.’
The e
a e
wo
e lexes
o
he
oo
ocalism,
iz.
-ei-
and
-ai-,
as
a
as
we
can
judge
om
he
e idence
o
he
Bal ic-Fennic
loanwo ds
(c .
Fin.
heind,
Es .
hein
as
opposed
o
SEs .
hain,
Li .
dina)
as
well
as
om
Old
Chu ch
Sla onic
séno
<*Saina.
The
a es ed
Bal ic
o ms
Li h.
siénas,
La .
siens yield
no
e idence
as o
he
o iginal
diph hong
because
Li hua-
nian
and
La ian
ie
can
also
go
back
o
*ai:
c .
Li h.
dié as
‘God’
:
Fin.
ai as,
Es .
ae as
‘sky’,
Li h.
piemud
‘shephe d’
:
G .
xowyhy,
Fin.
paimen
‘shephe d’
e c.
This
2
|
ROMUALDAS
J.
APANAVICIUS
en i les
us
o
assume
ha
bo h
o ms
(*Seina
and
*Saina)
could
ha e
coexis ed
in
he
old
Bal ic
and
Sla ic
dialec s
( hough
no
bo h
in
he
same
dialec ).
OChSI.
séno
and
Fin.
heind
poin
o
a
neu e
gende
ending
Bal .
*-a
(c .
Fin.
sil a
:
Li h.
il as
‘b idge’,
OP .
assa a-n,
Rus.
o3epo:
Li h.
éZe as
‘lake’)
which
is
discussed
in
MazZiulis
(1970:
84-87).
A
de i a ional
analysis
e eals
a
oo
*Sei-/Sai-
and
a
su ix
-na-
as
in
Li h.
bé nas,
La y.
bé ns,
Go .
bai ns
‘child’
:
TE
*b'e -
‘ o
ca y’
(G .
géee,
La .
e e,
Go h.
bai an
e c.).
I
would
like
o
en u e
he e
ha
Li h.
siénas,
OChSI.
séno
de i e
om
he
IE
e bal
oo
*kei-
‘ o
lie,
liegen’.
IE
kei-
‘ o
lie,
liegen’
is
a es ed
in
mos
IE
languages:
Hi .
ki a( i),
OInd.
se é,
G .
xei ae
‘lieg ’;
wi h
m-su ix:
Ol .
coim
‘lieb’,
Go h.
haims
‘Do ,
Flecken’,
Li h.
Seima
(>
Fin.
heimo),
La .
saime,
Rus.
cemea
‘ amily’,
OP .
caymis,
Li h.
kdimas
‘Do ’,
kiémas,
La .
ciems
‘Do ,
Ve sammlungshaus’,
wi h
u o-su ix:
Olnd.
se ah
‘ au ,
eundlich,
lieb,
we ’,
La .
ci is
“Bii ge ’,
Go h.
heiwa- auja
‘Haushe ’,
OHG.
hiwa
‘Ga in’,
La .
sié a
‘Weib’
(Poko ny
1959:
539-540;
Rix
2001
s. .).
An
o e iew
o
Bal ic
wo ds
de i ed
om
he
IE
oo
*kei-
‘ o
lie,
liegen’
(no
men ioning
Li h.
siénas,
OChSI.
séno)
is
gi en
in
MaZiulis
(1993
s.
.
caymis;
1993
s.
.
key a o),
Topo o
(1980
s.
.
caymis).
The
a gumen a ion
I
ha e
o
o e
in
suppo
o
his
hypo hesis
is
based
on
he
ollowing
seman ic
conside a ions.
(i)
To
he
abo e
examples
we
could
add
Li h.
Sieks as,
Sieks a
‘ ee
o
bush
lying
in
he
wa e ’
(LZ
cy
735-737),
La .
sieks s,
siéks a
(<*Sei-s a-)
(Ka ulis
1992:
176-177),
which
could
also
be
ela ed
o
IE
*kei-
‘ o
lie,
liegen’
and
show
a
ce ain
simila i y
o
Li h.
Sienas
wi h
espec
o
hei
de i a ional
model.
(ii)
Go h.
hawi,
Ge m.
Heu,
Engl.
hay,
Swed.
hé
‘hay’
and
Ge m.
heuen,
Engl.
hew,
Swed.
hugga
‘ o
cu
hay’
de i e
om
P o o-Ge m.
*kau-i/u-o-
‘ ha
which
is
cu ,
ha
which
is
o
be
cu ’
(Onions
1966:
431,
439),
which
can
be
aced
back
o
IE
*kehy-
‘ o
cu ,
schlagen’
(Rix
e.a.
2001
s.
.).
Now
i
we
accep
he
assump ion
ha ha
which
is
cu
is
lying
down,
a
seman ic
connec ion
can
be
es ablished
be ween
P o o-Ge manic
*kau-i/u-o-
‘ ha
which
is
cu ,
ha
which
is
o
be
cu ’
and
Bal .
(o
Bal o-Sl.)
*Seina/
Saina,
and
in
ha
case
we
could
a emp
o
connec
he
la e
wi h
IE
*kei-
‘ o
lie,
liegen’.
The
Ge manic
ibes
could
ha e
imagined
hay
as
he
g ass
which
has
been
cu
(and
is
he e o e
lying
o
he
g ound)
whe eas
he
Old
Bal ic
(and
Sla ic)
ibes
could
ha e
imagined
i
as
he
g ass
which
is
/ying
down
a e
cu ing
(c .
Li h.
pjau i
Sieng
‘ o
cu
he
hay’
and
Ki s i
ugius
‘ o
cu he
ye’!).
O cou se, such
a
compa ison
would
equi e
mo e
ypological
pa allels
om
o he
languages.
As
a
as
G .
(Hesych.)
xo a
‘g ass,
hay’
is
conce ned,
i
would
be
possible
o
assume
a
simila
o igin
and
s uc u e
(*koi-no-
om
he
IE
oo
*kei-
e lec ed
in
'
The
use
o
di e en
e bs
o
‘cu ing
he
hay’
and
‘cu ing
he
ye’
was
poin ed
ou
o
me
by P o .
Vy au-
as
Maziulis
(p.c.).
LITH.
Siénas,
OCHSL.
séno
‘HAY’
AND
IE
*kei-
‘TO
LIE’
|
3
G .
xei ax),
bu ,
on
he
o he
hand,
i s
simila i y
o
he
Bal ic
and
Sla onic
wo ds
could
also
es
on
a
me e
phone ic
and
seman ic
coincidence.
ABBREVIATIONS
LIV
—
Lexikon
de
indoge manischen
Ve ben.
Die
Wu zeln
und
ih e
P ima s ammbildungen.
Un e
Lei ung
on
H.
Rix,
un e
de
Mi a bei
iele
ande e
bea bei e
on
M.
Kimmel,
T.
Zehnde ,
R.
Lipp,
B.
Schi me .
Zwei e,
e wei e e
und
e besse e
Au lage
bea bei e
on
M.
Kimmel
und
H. Rix,
Wiesbaden:
D .
Ludwig
Reiche
Ve lag,
2001.
LKZ
-
Lie u iy
kalbos
Zodynas
-XX,
Vilnius,
1941-2002.
ME
-
Ka la
Miilenbacha
la iesu
alodas
a dnica
-IV.
Redigéjis,
papildinajis,
u pinajis
J.
Endzelins,
Riga,
1923-1932.
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1965:
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