S aipsniai / A icles 85
AURELIJA GRITĖNIENĖ
Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as
Resea ch a eas include lexicology, dialec ology.
People and animals
The name o he new
gene a ion in he Li huanian language
In he case o
Folk and Dialec al Names o he Gene a o
Plan s in Con empo a y Li huanian P ose
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal.
The subjec o he a icle is […] 49 wo ks by con empo a y Li huanian p ose au ho s o ind
203 monosyllabic names o plan gene a ha di e in some way (sounds, meaning, s uc u e
o phone ics) om scien i ic names. Plan names ha do no belong o he lexicon o he
common language, ha e clea egionali y ma ks, a e mo e widely used in one o mo e e ms,
in he a icle hey a e called a mybemi o a miška plan s names. Plan lexicons, i.e. known
a dai, ku ių šaknis ki okia nei įp as a mokslo e minijoje, ačiau p iklausan ys isuo inei
o all use s o he Li huanian language who do no ha e s ong connec ions wi h any
language, a e called olk plan names o colloquialisms in he a icle. The main pu pose o he
s udy is o de e mine wha olk and e nacula monosyllabic plan names a e used in
con empo a y Li huanian p ose, o analyze hei s uc u e, o igin and p e alence, o
discuss hei use in ine ex s, unc ions and con ex . ESMINIAL WORDS: a is ic s yle,
p ose, he name o a plan , he a myb, he colloquialism.
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal.
The objec o esea ch p esen ed in he a icle is 203 one-wo d names o he gene a o plan s
om 80 wo ks o 49 au ho s o con empo a y Li huanian p ose which a e in some way (by hei
oo , meaning, o ma ion o phone ic composi ion) di e en om hei scien i ic names. The
names o plan s which do no belong o he s anda d lexicon, ha e clea ea u es o
egionalism, and a e mo e commonly used in one o mo e dialec s a e e e ed o as
dialec icisms o dialec al names o plan s in he a icle. The names o plan s ha ing hese
AURELIJA GRITĖNIENĖ
Ac a Linguis ica LXXII wi h any o he dialec s, a e e e ed o as olk names o plan s o
a di e en oo han ha usually used in scien i ic e minology bu belonging o gene al
lexis, i.e. known o nea ly all use s o he Li huanian language and ha ing no clea links
colloquialisms. The aim o he esea ch is o iden i y wha olk and dialec al one-wo d names
o he gene a o plan s appea in con empo a y Li huanian p ose, o analyze hei s uc u e,
o igin and p e alence, and o discuss he unc ions and con ex o hei use in he ex s o
ic ion.
KEYWORDS: a is ic s yle, p ose, name o he plan , dialec icism, colloquialism.
The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion.
Iki pa XX a. idu io lie u ių li e a ū os kalba bu o mai inama gy ųjų a -
mės e smių. Rašomosios kalbos kanoną uo me u didžia dalimi o ma o gy o-
meanings, so e en oday he ichness o he language is s ill an impo an c i e ion o he
alue o a wo k. In he 21s cen u y, wi h he inc easing popula i y o en e ainmen cul u e,
and he inc easing numbe o ex s in li e a u e, i is o go en ha li e a u e is i sel he
a o he wo d, ha wi hou p ope wo d con ol he e will ne e be a good wo k. E e y hing
is unc i ically allowed in o beau i ul ex s, so Li huanian p ose has su e ed a eal
an i-aes he ic shock in ecen yea s (Sp indy ė 2006: 23, 29, 34). The a che ypes o he olk
language p ese ed by some au ho s s and ou as a coun e balance o he g ei akalbei in he
a is ic wo k implemen ed by he media (Kubilius 2003: 43[…]44). A e expe iencing se e al imes
he ex s o con empo a y Li huanian p ose w i e s, hese wo qui e di e en ends
become appa en : some au ho s, eeling he in luence o globaliza ion, open o he cul u es o
he wo ld, u n away om he na ional cul u e, adop slang, while o he s' ex s ocus on ixed
alues, s ill no dep i ing he land o pa en al ca e and childhood expe iences, elling u al
s o ies and song in ona ions (Bukelienė, 2004: 106; Kubilius, 2003: 95). The la e wo ks we e also
an encou agemen o s udy mo e closely how much has su i ed in he beau i ul ex s o
p o essional au ho s o he signs o he egions […] he exp ession o he wo d di e si y,
ichness, image y. Fi s o all, we ha e in mind he delay. They en ich no only he common
language. In he wo ks o a , he in e language wo ds help o indi idualize he language o he
cha ac e s, c ea ing an au hen ic en i onmen , he c ea o s o en use hem no only in
dialogues, bu also in he au ho 's speech, so he in e language o he in e languages is o
in e es no only o li e a y esea che s, bu also o linguis s (especially dialec ologis s,
lexicog aphe s, e hnolinguis s and e hnos ilis s).
Juozas Pikčilingis (Pikčilingis 1975: 99[…]125) has desc ibed in de ail he ypes and
unc ions o a mybs in Li huanian ic ion. Abou he wo ds o he li ing language
Simonai y ės i Mykolo Sluckio p ozoje ašė P anas Kniūkš a (Kniūkš a 1981:
Ie os 52[…]72). Kazys Mo kūnas se ed as he edi o o he wo ks o Ignace Sheinian (Mo kūnas)
A icles o he 87 h
Liaudiški i a miški augalų genčių a dai
šiuolaikinėje lie u ių p ozoje
2009: 1–8). The lexical epe oi e o he wo ks o Romualdo G anausko has no ye
been analyzed (Akelai ienė, Žiliū ė-Ba a ičienė 2011: 515; Paulausky ė 2001: 1920).
The au ho o he a icle has p e iously discussed olk plan names used in
con empo a y Li huanian child en's p ose (G i ėnienė 2014: 50[…]62). I ina
mybes meniniuose eks uose i ia usų ling is ai. Paminėsime ik kele ą da bų,
Ku noso a and Alina Popo ič discuss he unc ional and s ylis ic peculia i ies o
Leonido Leono o, Michailo Šolocho o i ki ų usų ašy ojų eks uose analiza-
o Bo isas La inas (Ларин 1974: 238–261); XX a. p adžios usų p ozos kū i-
dialec ical unc ions used in he wo ks o Russian li e a u e o a ious pe iods
ha a e widely discussed in Ghana (Ku noso a 1995; Popo ič 2013); The o igin and
unc ions o dialec ics in he wo ks o An on Chekho a e discussed by Taisia
2000). Išsamiai ap ašy i XX a. Ispanijos g ožinėje li e a ū oje a o i dialek-
Kudino a (Kudino a Tizmai (D o e ska 2005). The A ski a s udy o William is
de o ed o he s udy o plan names used in Shakespea e's wo ks (Ryden, 1978).
The subjec o his a icle is […] olk and in e media e names o plan s, collec ed
om Li huanian p ose ex s o he beginning o he 21s cen u y1. Li e a y
c i ics no e ha in he Li huanian p ose o he new imes, he e is a no iceable
b igh ness o he poe ic line, i is possible o speak e en abou he d opping o
he wo d "spa ed" (Sp indy ė 2006: 275), bu along wi h his, he language o he
hal -language, he ja gon, he non-s anda d language is ou o place. A o al o 49
au ho s o mo e han 100 wo ks o con empo a y Li huanian p ose, olk plan
names we e ound in 80 wo ks2. The s udy consis s o 203 di e en phy oncides.
The selec ed au ho s a e he c ea o s o ex s o a ious sho and long
na a i e o ms. The esea ch ocused on he classical p ose gen es o no els,
sho s o ies, essays, and no els, bu , wi h he iew ha hese gen es lea e
hei posi ions o he so-called ma ginal, o ma ginal, gen es o essays, memoi s,
dia ies, s yliza ions, e c. (A na ke ičius, 2006), se e al wo ks o his gen e also
en e ed he ield o s udy.
S uc u ally, he names o se e al ypes o olk and e nacula plan s a e ixed in Li huanian
p ose: 1) monosyllabic names o gene a, such as no ėlė ʻdilgėlėʼ (U ica) 1 This is a pu ely
ch onological choice. Li e a y schola s poin ou ha he new Li huanian li e a u e and
e apas p asideda da anksčiau – nuo XX a. 9 dešim mečio. A kū us nep iklausomybę, kū ėjai
sulaukia laiko, kai gali ašy i lais ai, ki aip nei iki ol, a si anda palanki e pė ekspe imen ams
imp o isa ion. See mo e on his page. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
2006: 9–10.
2The ull me ics a e p o ided a he end o he a icle, in he […]Sal abb e ia ions[…]. 3 Fo
he adi ional classi ica ion o gen es and he p oblems o de ining hei bounda ies, see Ch is mas 1996: 11 and 14.
AURELIJA GRITĖNIENĖ
88 o he Li huanian Language Ac LXXII
(K. Saj. 2010 96)4, paleis u ė ʻkalankėʼ (Kalanchoe) (L. Če n. 2009 (a) 90) i k .; 2) d i-
žodžiai a ižodžiai azeologiniai genčių i ūšių a dai5, pa yzdžiui, nak ies
In he case o he Echinopsis (B. Jon. 2009 220), S . Pe e 's keyhole (P imula e is) (H.
Gud. 150, E. Ign. 274) and he o he . ; 3) he names o wo species, e.g. he wild goose
[…]aguona bi ulė[…] (Papa e hoeas) (L. Gu . 2007 9), he wild cicada […]pap as oji
ūkažolė (R. Še . 2014 60) and he like. ; (4) he one-wo d a ie y Mičiu ino zieminė Bė a
d ižodžiai, ižodžiai a ne ke u žodžiai eislių a dai7, pa yzdžiui, bul ių
eislė Uz a a (A. Žag. 559), pomido ų eislė Puškino-Bizono (A. Žag. 544), k iaušių
(A. Žag. 558), he obelų a ie y An aninė Pe pus Finkuo a (Mičiu ininė) (A. Žag. 547),
which is also used in he Uni ed Kingdom. In his a icle, only he names o he i s
g oup o plan s, i.e. monosyllabic names o plan gene a, which di e om he names
o scien i ic plan s, a e discussed in mo e de ail. The ollowing species a e included in
(pa yzdžiui, ži ga ūgš ynė (J. K al. 73))8, ik aš ų kalboje pasi aikan ys a dai
(pa yzdžiui, bizonžolė ʻlegės asʼ (Silphium) (H. Gud. 359), kinmedis ʻchininmedisʼ
he lis o endange ed species unde CITES Regula ion No. 11 (Cinnamon, Cinnamon,
Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon,
Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Cinnamon
44), umbė (J. Skab. 2004 183) a e no discussed a leng h in he a icle9. Those plan
names ha do no belong o he lexicon o he common language, ha e clea
egionali y ma ks, a e mo e widely used in one o mo e e ms, in he a icle
synonymously called plan names o plan names. Names o plan s ha ha e a
4 P ie au o iaus pa a dės su umpinimo nu odomas kū inio puslapis, ku iame pi mą ka ą ik-
di e en spelling o he name o he plan .
In he wo ks selec ed o he s udy, abou 20 ph asal plan names we e eco ded. In he
selec ed p ose ex s, abou 80 di e en names o olk plan species ha e been ound. The
ex s con ain abou 70 di e en names o olk plan a ie ies. Mos o hem (abou 60) a e
eco ded in Agnes Zag akaly ė's no el Eigulio's Daugh e : case F 117 (2013). The mos popula
a ie ies a e he an elope (R. Sche e 2010), he g ape ui (R. Sche e 2011), he g ape ui
(R. Sche e 2009), and he poppy (R. Sche e 2011).
(R. G an. I'm no su e wha you mean. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
147).
8 Many mo e au ho ial inno a ions a e used in con empo a y Li huanian child en's p ose.
Read mo e. G i ėnienė 2014: 813. This is he i s ime ha he Eu opean Pa liamen has o ed in a ou o his esolu ion.
9
Kai ku ie pa adinimai laiky ini ne a mybėmis, o ko ek ū os a ba nežinojimo klaidomis – nuo
mokslo kalboje a ojamų pa adinimų jie ski iasi labai menkai – balsių ilgumu, ienu p iebal-
I has been used only once by one au ho in any wo k, o example, an ū is ʻan u isʼ
(An hu ium) (A. Meil. 136), galinzoga ʻgalinsogaʼ (Galinsoga) (H. Gud. 60), kupolis ʻkūpolisʼ
(Melampy um) (H. Gud. 29 machonija), ʻmahonijaʼ (Mahonia) (J. Skab. 2000 45) and k . Such
phy onimes a e also no analyzed mo e b oadly in he a icle.
A icles o he 89 h
Liaudiški i a miški augalų genčių a dai
šiuolaikinėje lie u ių p ozoje
Howe e , hey belong o he uni e sal lexicon, i.e. hey a e known almos o all
use s o he Li huanian language, hey do no ha e s ong connec ions wi h any
language, in he a icle hey a e called olk plan names o colloquialisms. The
main objec i e o he s udy is o de e mine wha olk and e nacula
monosyllabic plan names a e used in con empo a y Li huanian p ose, o discuss
hei o igin, dis ibu ion and usage. The man and he ishe man FITONIM
IDENTIFIKAVIMO PROBLEMOS
The scien i ic naming o plan s is mainly based on he Li huanian ocabula y
(LKZ), i s a chi es and he ma e ial o a ious ansla ion dic iona ies.
lo yniškų mokslinių augalų a dų nomenkla ū a ne sykį kei ėsi, odėl s aips-
Li huanian and Nyje a e based no only on he bo anical name dic iona y
c ea ed by Ramunėlė Janke ičienė (1998), bu also on he da a p o ided by LR
Te minų banke (h p: e minai. lkk.l ).
The easies way o iden i y plan names is when he au ho s hemsel es explain
he meaning o mo i a ion o he e minology, indica ing in which pa o Li huania
he plan is so called. "In o de o use he wo d, he au ho mus 'show he
paymen ' by pu ing i in o a sen ence o a b oade con ex in such a way ha i
e eals he con en o he wo d" (Pikčilingis 1975: 121). One can gi e se e al
examples o how he con ex helps o de e mine he meanings o phy onyms:
[…]He e, abou Demeniškes, his powe ul and igo ous plan is called by people
du na ope. The Bo anical Dic iona y, in u n, calls i a dagicium and desc ibes i as a
plan o he amily o beau i ul ees and adds he La in name Ca duus[…] (R. Sad.
92). "The seeds a e ipe, bu he e eally a e seeds he e, no one has e e called
hem Sina adis". pha macy in Bal ašaknė, he people a e also called Ku ozole. No
wonde i is poisonous he name al eady says i all (R. She , 2013 55). […] Ciko ija. […]
Ciko ija. […] Ciko ija. […] Ciko ija. […] Ciko ija. […] Ciko ija. […] Ciko ija. […] Ciko ija.
[…] Ciko ija. […] Ciko ija. […] Ciko ija. Wha is he name o he ci y in which you li e?
This wo d is known only om books, because he Dzūkis call he beau i ul di plan
[…] gėlė a kline ugiagėle. The name, like o he he bs, was sugges ed by people, is
e y app op ia e and mys e ious. The ose-colo ed chico y esembles i s blue
lowe , indis inguishable om he colo (R. Sad. 230). The mo phological desc ip ion
o he plan gi en by he au ho o he indica ion o i s medicinal p ope ies helps
o de e mine he scien i ic name o he plan (especially i he wo d has se e al
meanings): "The g ass is s ill g een, sp ing-like, nea he hyacin h, i is e y good,
when i was, i sp ou s like a e e " (H. Čig. "I wan ed o ish o my sis e 's handke chie and show he my ba e ee ". "Pelen's shoe", we called he unknown lowe an elonga ed coa o alabas e , o e ing blue ibbon cakes, simila o gold- ipped shoes.

AURELIJA GRITĖNIENĖ
90 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXII
Skai an p ozos eks us as a kele as augalų pa adinimų, ku ių mokslinio
he name could no be de e mined. Some imes a e y gene al desc ip ion o he
plan does no help o iden i y he name o he plan , o example: […]De ynžolės
p o ec s agains disease and su e ing. [...] Happiness comes o a pe son by
sa ing he li e o a nine-yea -old". - J. King 44. ♪ And he lowe s ha en' bloomed ye ♪ ♪ I 's au umn lowe s ♪
(H. Gud. 113) Wha is he meaning o he name Gud?
Ki a p oblema nus a an ikslų mokslinį augalo pa adinimą – a dų dau-
gia eikšmiškumas. Gy ojoje kalboje dažnai ienu a du pa adinami ne ke-
I he au ho does no speci y he exac name o he scien i ic plan , i is di icul o
decide which speci ic plan he is e e ing o in his wo k, o example: gumbažolė (R.
Še . 2013 88) […] gumbažolėmis is he common name o many he bs used in he pas o
ea gums; They a (J. Kunč. 37, 2006), R. Ma č. 31, jo a as (R. Sad. 100) […] by hese
names in he people a e called se e al ees: […]juodoji uopa[…] (Populus nig a),
[…]pla analapis kle as[…] (Ace pseudopla anus), […]o dina y sc ub (Ca pinus be ulus),
ʻgudobelėʼ (C a aegus), ʻpla anasʼ (Pla anus); kups ukai (H. Gud. 113) – okiu bend u
can be called by name mo e han one plan g owing in he bush: e aičinas, ak ažolė,
a ious species o wa m h and k . ; K egždažolė (V. Ma . 187) is he common name o
se e al plan s: šlakinę k egžūnę (Vince oxicum hi undina ia), didžiąją ugniažolę
(Chelidonium majus) and didį žio ežinį (An i hinum majus). As men ioned ea lie , such
as uniden i ied plan names a e no analyzed in he a icle.
The Colonials
The e is no qua e o he names o he gene a o plan s discussed in his a icle
ha a e well known and unde s ood by e e yone, widely used h oughou Li huania,
and eco ded in any cu en Li huanian dic iona y. Such phy onyms ela ed o he
uno icial, domes ic sphe e a e, as men ioned ea lie , called no by names, bu by
olk plan names o colloquialisms […] commonly used olk slang wo ds (Jakai ienė
2010: 174). In he colloquial language, almos all s yles o ex s con ain elemen s o
ja – ienas iš yškesnių šiuolaikinės lie u ių kalbėsenos b uožų. Pas a uoju
he spoken s yle (Sme oŽupe ka 2013: 185). This end is e iden in a is ic ex s as
nienė 2013: 150). Šnekamajam s iliui būdingos leksikos ypač daug pas ebima
iešojoje e d ėje – ele izijoje, poli ikų kalbose (Tamaše ičius 2009: 143–146;
well. In addi ion o he abo e-men ioned, he e a e also a numbe o o he phone ic
a ia ions o he wo d "ap ico ," such as "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ,"
"ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ,"
"ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ," "ap ico ." 234,
K. Sab. 2012 59, R. Ša . 2013 61) ʻapelsininis ci inmedisʼ (Ci us sinensis), ba inis
A icles by A icles 91
Liaudiški i a miški augalų genčių a dai
šiuolaikinėje lie u ių p ozoje
The ollowing species a e included in he lis o endange ed species:
The ollowing is a lis o cha ac e s om he manga and manga se ies D agon Ball Z:
D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z:
D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z:
D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z:
D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z: D agon Ball Z:
234, by L. Gu . In he case o he applican , he applican has no p o ided any
e idence o suppo i s claim ha he applican has ailed o ul il i s obliga ions unde he T ea y. 2009 (b) 132, by L. Gu . 156, 2008 by L. Gu . 10, 2013 by E. Ign. 17, B. by Jon. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
179, by J. Skab. 2000 162, by R. She . 78, 2013 by G. Vil. 104, by A. Žag. In addi ion o he
abo e-men ioned, a numbe o o he a icles ha e been published, including: (a) he
"Figu e 3" (Figu e 3), "Figu e 3" (Figu e 3), "Figu e 4" (Figu e 4), "Figu e 4" (Figu e 4),
and "Figu e 5" (Figu e 5), and "Figu e 5" (Figu e 6), and "Figu e 6" (Figu e 6), and
"Figu e 7" (Figu e 7).
This is a lis o he species included in he Wo ld He i age Lis o Endange ed
Species. - "Endange ed Species Lis ", "Endange ed Species Lis ", "Endange ed
Species Lis ", "Endange ed Species Lis ", "Endange ed Species Lis ", "Endange ed
Species Lis ", "Endange ed Species Lis ", "Endange ed Species Lis ", "Endange ed
Species Lis " and "Endange ed Species Lis " as o he wo ld's endange ed species." This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. 40, 2011 by L. Gu . This is a e y impo an poin . This is L. Gu , 2008. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. 317, by K. Sab. This is K. Saj. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
178, by J. Skab. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s
publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This Decision shall en e in o
o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. This Decision shall en e in o o ce
on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean
Union. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s
publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. In addi ion o he abo e-men ioned a icles, he ollowing a icles ha e been published in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union: (a) The Eu opean Union's posi ion on he si ua ion in he o me Yugosla ia; (b) The Eu opean Union's posi ion on he si ua ion in he o me Yugosla ia; (c) The Eu opean Union's posi ion on he si ua ion in he o me Yugosla ia; (d) The Eu opean Union's posi ion on he si ua ion in he o me Yugosla ia.
(L. Če n. 2009 (b) 133, L. Gu . 2008 260, J. Skab. 2000 172, J. Skab. 2004 79, R. Ša . 2009
197, by R. She . 8), he ci y o Topolis (J. Ap. 396, H. Čig. This Regula ion shall en e in o
o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o
(Populus), auklapis ʻgyslo isʼ (Plan ago) (L. Gu . 2007 241, L. Gu . 2013 101, S. Pa . 93),
ūkžolė ʻpap as oji ūkažolėʼ (Cicho ium in ybus) (H. Čig. 2003 182), ynuogė ʻ yn-
he Eu opean Union. 2007 115, by H. Čig. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he
day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he
wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he
Eu opean Union. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing
146, M. Sluc. 10, R. Še . 2001 130, R. Še . 2013 42, Š. Šim. 6, A. Žag. 130), žil i is ʻžil-
ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. 260, by Jon B. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. 154) The ee is called he ee o li e (Vi is) (R. She . 2014 21, L. Gu . 2011 322, B. Jon. 2011 82, A. Jag. 453), he ee is called he ee o li e (Sa o hamnus) (B. Jon. 2011 87), he ee is called he ee o li e (Hepa ica nobilis) (V. Čep. 124, by R. G an. 135, 2014 by H. Gud. 273, by L. Gu . This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. 164, R. Ma . 13, I. Me . This a icle is pa o a se ies on he Bible. 195, N. Peč. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion. 11, by S. Sak. This is J. Skab, 35. 2004 The whi e- ailed dee (Salix iminalis) (H. chig. 44, 2003 by H. Čig. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. 2008 254,
L. Gu . 2011 58, L. Gu . 2013 96, B. Jon. 2011 76, A. Rus. 34, A. Zu . 2000 6, A. Zu . 2010
150, A. Žag. 154).
"The p oximi y o he colloquial language is a sign o he li e o he wo d"
(Pikčilingis 1971: 151), so we could say ha colloquialisms in a is ic-s yle ex s
a e a so o in e media e g andis, allowing he c ea o o go e en deepe in o e bal speech.
AURELIJA GRITĖNIENĖ
92 Ac o Linguis ic Li huanian LXXII
FONETIN and MORPHONEMIN
The TARMYB
Compa a i ely ew phone ic and mo phonymic dis inc ions a e eco ded in selec ed
p ose ex s. All o hem a e used as mo i s in a is ic language. Mos ly phone ic
sounds a e used in dialogs. By c ea ing ealis ic, li ing cha ac e s pain ings, he aim is
o con ey hei language as au hen ically as possible. The mos p ominen phone ic
ea u es o he eas e n highlands a e he educ ion o he sho ends o he owels,
he c ossing o he ą i imas ū, he non-c ossing o he uo i imas pusilgiu a, o
example: ūžals10 (A. Žag. 565) (Šiau ės pane ėžiškių), ūžalėliu (L. Gu u eniškių 2001 128)
ʻąžuolas, ąžuolėliu (Que cus). In addi ion o he abo e-men ioned measu es, he
Commission conside s ha he aid is compa ible wi h he in e nal ma ke wi hin he
meaning o A icle 107 (3) (c) o he T ea y. In he no he n lowlands, he common
language ells he s o y o he o, he c ossed o ansla ed o, he wo d kamiene o is
old as ie, o example onžouls ʻąžuolasʼ (Que cus) (R. G an. 2007 235), uobilieliu
ʻobelėliųʼ (Malus) (R. G an. 2007 17). In addi ion o he abo e-men ioned, he e a e also a
numbe o o he a ie ies, such as he black- oo ed booby, he black- oo ed booby,
he black- oo ed booby, he black- oo ed booby, he black- oo ed booby, he
black- oo ed booby, he black- oo ed booby, he black- oo ed booby, he black- oo ed
(T i icum) (E. Ign. 119).
P ozos eks uose as a i kele as mo oneminių a mybių, . y. okių a dų,
booby, he black- oo ed booby, he black- oo ed booby, he black- oo ed booby, he
black- oo ed booby, he black- oo ed booby. The Commission he e o e concludes ha
he aid is compa ible wi h he in e nal ma ke wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (3) (c)
o he T ea y.
asis kadagysʼ (Junipe us communis) (J. K al. 50, K. Saj. 2003 27, K. Saj. 2010 17, R. Ša .
pale gonija ʻpela gonijaʼ (Pela gonium) (H. Čig. 2007 160, H. Čig. 2011 150), abokas
ʻ abakasʼ (Nico iana) (H. Čig. 2007 49).
Phone ic spellings a e mos o en used when he au ho is ying o con ey he in ona ions o a
spoken language. Mos o en he cha ac e s o R. G anauskas a e spoken by he old illage gene a ion,
which has main ained he au hen ic language: "Ne onkykė soulu, don' si down, don' b eak he
walle , I'm he e because o you onjouls, wi es... All he illage s say so" (R. G an. 2007 235). R. G anausko
pa iū padėigiau. Nešuokiniekė pa as ėgleles, kad nenulaužy omė ė šūnieliu“
(R. G an. 2007 17). „Onžouls p ašė pasaky i, kad ebė gy s i s eiks. […] Ta sakė:
10 All he phone ic spaces ixed in he ex s a e p esen ed in he a icle in he same way as hey we e
used by he au ho s.
A icles o he 93 d
Liaudiški i a miški augalų genčių a dai
šiuolaikinėje lie u ių p ozoje
The landscape is open, na u al, spon aneous, a ising wi hou he a ional e o s
o he au ho (Bukelienė 2004: 65), gi ing he wo k i s au hen ici y and smallness
(Sp indy ė 2013: 135). Na u ally, he cha ac e s o Leona do's sho s o ies "The
Old Singe s" also became amous. The e a e qui e a ew in e ludes in he ex s o
his p ose w i e . They allow us o eel he beau y o he language and indica e
he au ho 's desi e o p ese e i (Dauba ai ė 2012: 13), o example […][...] some
o es e s wo k oge he , he shephe ds play, he illage gi l is a man […] (L. Gu .
i ki ap, iššokįs paba škinu bo agu pušalai ėn, pa ėkaunu […]“ (L. Gu . 2011 38).
2011 29). […][...] I and ep, […][...] paul g ows […]žalai, ha is, le us emembe he imes
o ou p inces, i you speak [...][…] (L. Gu . 2011 102). The e minological subs a e in
he Li huanian p ose o he new imes b eaks h ough consciously, easonably and
mo i a ed. Only w i e s o he olde gene a ion da e o speak hei cha ac e s in
his way, who hemsel es know he language and a e no a aid o demons a e
i . The sen ences w i en by he au ho s some imes de ia e om he no ms o
pu e speech, hey do no always accu a ely e lec he phone ic cha ac e is ics
o he speech, bu his was no he main goal o he c ea o s. The eade likes he
language o he cha ac e s, i seems au hen ic, na u al and his is comple ely enough o c ea e i id po ai s o he cha ac e s o colo ul Li huanian landscapes.
LEXIN'S TARMYB'S This is he i s ime I' e seen his.
The main cha ac e is ic o a is ic language is isualiza ion. Special means o isual
exp ession help o c ea e i . Lexical e ms a e used […] wo ds wi h oo s ha do
no exis in he common language o in o he languages ( he spi i o he Li huanian
nė 2010: 178), – au o iai s engiasi suku i kuo į aigesnį, ik o iškesnį, gy esnį
aizduojamo pasaulio aizdą. „Kalbos gy umą lemia isų pi ma au en iška iš
language, exp essed in abundan ocabula y, seman ic b ead h and li e, adi ional
wo d ela ionships) (Pupkis 2005: 382). Mo e han one jemai ybė is eco ded in he
ex s o au ho s who came om Žemai ija, who li ed o wo ked he e. The
ollowing plan names a e used in he a ea o he lowlands: gyslapis (R. G an. The
ollowing species a e included in he Annex A o Appendix I: (i) Mammals o he genus
ca u ens) (J. K al. 14), kalaku žolė ʻžąsinė sidab ažolėʼ (Po en illa anse ina) (J. Ap. 73,
R. G an. 2013 (a) 74, E. Ign. 54), kibišis ʻpap as oji a nalėšaʼ (A c ium omen osum)
Mammalia (E. m. a. c.); (ii) Mammals o he genus Mammalia (E. m. a. c.); (iii) Mammals o
he genus Mammalia (E. m. a. c.); (i ) Mammals o he genus Mammalia (E. m. a. c.); and
( ) Mammals o he genus Mammalia (E. m. m. a. c.). The ollowing species a e included
in he lis o endange ed species: degu is 'shilkajiedė gais ena' (Lychnis los-cuculi)
(J. K al. 83), gyslalapis 'gyslo is (Plan ago) (H. Čig. 2007 15), ai ūzai ' aiboji lelija' (Lilium
lanci olium) (A. Žag. 124), asakėlis (J. K al. 44)
(Alchemilla), silkwo ms (Dian hus ba ba us) (H. čig. 2003) The species is endemic o he Uni ed S a es.
AURELIJA GRITĖNIENĖ
100 The Li huanian Language Ac LXXII
Some imes di e en plan names a e used in he wo k o he same au ho .
nyje: H. Čig iejus sa o no elėse uopą (Populus) adina opoliu (H. Čig. 2003 63,
Wha 's ha ? 2007 115, by H. Čig. 2011 76) and opiliu (H. Čig. 2007 57), R.
G anauskas calls his ee apaliu (R. G an. 2007 230) and opoliu (R. G an. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
In his a icle, we'll look a some o he mos common uses o he wo d
"sandwich" in he Uni ed S a es, and how i 's used in he Uni ed S a es. -
"Sandwich," "sandwich," "sandwich," "sandwich," "sandwich," "sandwich,"
"sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich",
"sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich",
"sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich",
"sandwich", "sandwich", "sandwich" "sandwich" "sandwiches" and "sandwiches"
This di e si y o a ian s indica es ha olde w i e s s ill eel he s ong
in luence o dialec s, and o en hei ex s e en in olun a ily compe e wi h he lexicon o he common and colloquial languages. In addi ion, he use o di e en lexemes is o en mo i a ed by he au ho himsel (di e en lexemes a e used by he na a o and he cha ac e s o he wo k).
The con ex o he use o he name o a olk plan in p ose wo ks is impo an . As
men ioned se e al imes be o e, he name Ta min is p ima ily associa ed wi h he
olde gene a ion […] pa en s, g andpa en s, ances o s […] hose people who s ill
know Ta min and a e close o na u e, li e in i and i s hy hm: […][...] hose small
g asses b ough om he meadows o Sk ob, whose eal name hey did no know,
bu whose mo he called hem suga cane, old me: I d eamed o suga cane
meadows […] (L. Gu kai is, 20 2011). Wi h such a on a s ool w apped in a goa 's oo , I
was able o pu my hand in my g andmo he 's hand all o e he illage o Vidugi is
[...] (B. Jon. 2009). The b occoli. Tha 's wha my g andpa en s called me, ha 's wha
Magduke called me. And she was he queen o he bs... (B. Jon. 2009 202). "The elde 's
amily ee is long gone, bu as long as he e's a wo d, I can hea i , like he elde 's
ee, "so he oak ee om he a he 's lips" (A. Zag. 565). Also, he spoken wo d
a osenai has an in luence and he space o he wo k is depic ed: qui e o en i is
accompanied by olk phy onyms, minimal speci ic place names ( illages, s eams,
o es names), e hnog aphic egions o e hno-names, o example:
[…]S anaunykas[…] his is a juke woman. F om he cold. S eng hens he whole
o ganism [...]" (N. Peč, 235). "We ha e a lo o landscapes in Zemai ija, and he e is
no sho age o moun ains and alleys" (A. Žag. 124). "I emembe ha ing such blue blue [eyes] as he lowe s o he willow ees in he su ounded illage o Skais gi i" (E. Jan. 54).
Some imes he use o names o olk plan s is de e mined by he pas ense ep esen ed by
he p ose w i e s. In he no els, K is ina Sabaliauskai ė ec ea es he Vilnius space- ime o
he 18 h cen u y. So, qui e na u ally, he old names o he plan s wi h he ma k o ha ime
sound on he lips o he cha ac e s: po a o (K. Sab. 2014 164), 20 2000 […] 2001 In he newspape o
Šalcino (N . 36[…]41) we e p in ed he memo ies o Me kiniškė Vladzė Ališauskai ė-Ališauskienė
abou he ex inc na i e illage o Rudnia […]Man sapojasnu cukie kai ių pie[…]. I is likely ha
his is whe e he ph ase came om in L. Gu ausko's no el "The Bi and he Fi e". Fo he
eason o he name o he candy, see Lapel 2007: 5. This is he i s ime ha he Commission has been able o ob ain a ce i ica e o au hen ici y.

S aipsniai / A icles 101
Liaudiški i a miški augalų genčių a dai
šiuolaikinėje lie u ių p ozoje
In he case o po a oes, he Commission conside s ha he aid is compa ible wi h
he in e nal ma ke wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (3) (c) o he T ea y. Howe e ,
he ime o w i ing o he wo k is e ealed by he new bo owings used by he
au ho : […][...] he [No aiša] s ood up and pulled a handke chie ou o he mailbox[…] (K. Sab. 2014 1621.1)
L. Gu ausko's gaze is also e y o en di ec ed o he pas . Many o his ex s can be
umposios p ozos kū inių galė ume pa adin i p aei ies is o ijų ka alogais, ku-
iuose daba is iškyla ik kaip onas, pos ūmis ką no s p isimin i. Kai ku iuos
ead as au hen ic s o ies o ecollec ions (Dauba ai ė, 2012), and mos o en he
wa and he a e ma h a e emembe ed by he olde gene a ion, s ill ecalling he
names o ancien plan s. The wo lds and hyb ids (suga , cha coal, adish, e c.) only
b ing he eade e en close o he eali y o ha ime (wa and wa ).
The Appendices
Li e a ū os k i ikai eigia, kad epochų lūžyje ik o ė keičiasi g ei ai i nea -
I know you. Al hough he ph ase "belo ed hill, old hill, childhood meadow"
(Sp indy ė 2006: 47) is g adually disappea ing om mode n Li huanian p ose, he
names o olk and local plan s a e s ill used in ou p ose o a ela i ely la ge
ex en .
A e coun ing almos 100 21s cen u y Li huanian au ho s' p ose wo ks, 49 au ho s' 80 wo ks, we
ound 203 plan names ha di e in some way (sounds, meaning, ex u e o phone ics) om he
names o scien i ic plan s. Mos o hese names can be ound in he LKZ, bu abou 50 names a e no
eco ded in ei he he la ges dic iona y o i s supplemen a y ile. No only he names o plan s
wi h o eign oo s (beladona, champaca, cha nobylas, cha bolylas, kap i olia, ka agačius,
k aka ūzas, muška ėlis, e c.) bu also some Li huanian names (bal auogis, ka elukai, kibišis,
lenkučiai, ma ukės, paleis u ė, aguo ukai, ak ukai, ilka nė, e c.) ha e no been included in he
ocabula y. The la e names should a leas be included in he au ho s o he illus a ed poe ic
ex s, bu he au ho o he a icle also uses a ious plan names bo owed om o eign
LKŽ papildymų eks us, nes šių a dų gy umą a mėse pa i ina ne ik ana-
languages du ing expedi ions. Mos o hem (17 names) ha e La in oo s, bu he Li huanian name o
ašy a medžiaga.
Kilmės požiū iu gana didelę g upę suda o mūsų p ozininkų gausiai a -
he o he 21 oli e plan s o he Bas onian amily is g ažga s ė (E uca); I'm no going o ell you wha
I'm going o do. I is also known as he "Golden T iangle" o he "Golden T iangle" o he "Golden
T iangle".
AURELIJA GRITĖNIENĖ
102 o he Li huanian Language Ac LXXII
(dažniausiai sla ų a ba okiečių) kalbas. 19 skolinių gau a iš sla ų kalbų. 9 au-
galų pa adinimai laiky ini hib idais.
Acco ding o he p e alence in p ose ex s, plan names a e di ided in o se e al
g oups. The mos commonly used a e lowlands, eas e ns and lowlands. The lu e
o lexical dialec s is used mo e widely […] in he en i e a ea o high-le el dialec s.
O he names a e known h oughou Li huania.
The names o plan s discussed in he a icle in he p ose wo ks pe o m se e al
unc ions. The nomina i e unc ion (i.e. he simple naming o ce ain plan s) is
men ioned i s . The conscious use o he names o plan s in he language, along
wi h o he a is ic means, helps p ose w i e s o indi idualize he language o
he cha ac e s. In addi ion, he names o ancien and o eign o igins e lec he
pas ime depic ed in he wo ks, and he names o medicinal plan s, he names o
lowe s o ancien e hnog aphic kinde ga ens help he au ho s o pain
au hen ic images o he en i onmen , highligh ing he colo o he place. I is also
in e es ing ha he names o olk and in e media e plan s in p ose ex s
some imes become he names o cha ac e s, o example, he gi l As a (R.
Ašk.), he g and a he Jee a (A. Zu . 2000), he doc o Žibu ja (Žiba, Žibka) (P.
Di gė), he g andmo he Žibu ja (J. Kunč. 2006), he aun Kon alija, he
g and a he Je onimas (R. Še . 2001) and so on. Ob iously, in he age o
globaliza ion and he agony o he wo d, ou p ose w i e s do no u n away
om he na ionali y and he language a all. New li e a u e, in pu sui o impac ,
uses ja gon, unnecessa y he o ic, e en low-le el he o ic (Sme onienė 2013: 156)
and as a esponse o his, some au ho s consciously emphasize he ambigui y,
he peculia i y o he wo d he o ic, he o he ness. The names o plan s a e
only a sepa a e seman ic g oup, bu hei use ends o indica e ha in he
na a i e o mode n imes, he li ing language is one o he co ne s ones ha helps au ho s main ain hei indi iduali y and na ional iden i y.
nalinį s ilių.
The abb e ia ion is COLD.
This is G. Adom. […] Adomai y ė Gin a ė. She is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . The s ee o lowe s. Vilnius: The wo d o he gymnas ics, 2005.
J. Ap. – Apu is Juozas. Bėgiai išnyks a ūke. Vilnius: Lie u os ašy ojų sąjungos lei-
dykla, 2010.
R. Ašk. Wha a e you doing? […] Aškiny ė Rasa. She is a membe o he Russian
Academy o Sciences. A man who didn' need any hing. This Regula ion shall
en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he
O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This is V. Bubn. I 's called he Bubnys Vy au as. In he plas ic bag o Ap il. Vilnius: Alma li e a, 2002. This is he i s ime ha he Commission has been able o submi a p oposal o a egula ion on his subjec . This is V. Čep. […] This is Vy au as Čepas. Only ime changes in he sun. Vilnius: Alma li e a, 2008. This is he i s ime ha he Commission has been able o submi a p oposal o a egula ion on his subjec . L. Che n. Wha a e you doing? In 2008, Lau a Sin ija om Če niauska was bo n. The slope o Benedic . Vilnius: he Alma
li e a, 2008.
A icles o he T ea y A icles 103 and 103
Liaudiški i a miški augalų genčių a dai
šiuolaikinėje lie u ių p ozoje
L. Che n. Wha a e you doing? (a) 2009 […] Lau a Sin ija om he Czech
Republic. A oom in a jasmine bush. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
L. Che n. Wha a e you doing? (b) Lau a Sin ija om Če niauskai ė. (b) Lau a Sin ija om Če niauskai ė. (b) Lau a Sin ija om Če niauskai ė. (c) Lau a Sin ija om Če niauskai ė. (d) Lau a Sin ija om Če niauskai ė. (e) Lau a Sin ija om Če niauskai ė. B ea hing in o he ma ble. The Vilnius:
Alma li e a, 2009.
This is R. Če n. […] The Black Rimman. The his o y o he own. Vilnius: Ve sus
au eus, 2012 This is a lis o ci ies and owns in Li huania. This is H. Chig. This
2003.
Decision shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s
publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The people o Ek inok. Vilnius: Vaga, by H. Čig. 2007 […] Chyp io Hen y Algis was bo n. Va na d i es he ash ay. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2007.
This is H. Chig. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha
o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. And b ough he smell o apples. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2011.
This is P. Di g. […] Di gėla Pe as. […] Wha a e you doing? The book o alibis.
Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2004.
This is R. G an. 2003 […] G anauskas Romualdas. He is a membe o he Eu opean
Pa liamen . I 's he Dubu ys. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2003.
This is R. G an. 2005 (a) […] G anauskas Romualdas. He is a membe o he
Eu opean Pa liamen . Dogs in he sky. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2005.
This is R. G an. 2005 (b) […] G anauskas Romualdas. He is a membe o he
Eu opean Pa liamen . I 's called Keno a as. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2005.
This is R. G an. 2007 […] G anauskas Romualdas. He is a membe o he
Eu opean Pa liamen . The hand o e he alley. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2007.
This is R. G an. 2011 […] G anauskas Romualdas. He is a membe o he Eu opean
Pa liamen . Th ee o a kind. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2011.
R. G an. 2013 (a) – G anauskas Romualdas. Iš a y ieji. Vilnius: Lie u os ašy ojų
sąjungos leidykla, 2013.
This is R. G an. 2013 (b) […] G anauskas Romualdas. He is a membe o he
Eu opean Pa liamen . The li es o he sain s. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2013.
This is R. G an. 2014 […] G anauskas Romualdas. He is a membe o he Eu opean
Pa liamen . The hi d li e. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2014.
D. G ig. – G igaliūnienė Danu ė. Saulelė aka an. Kaišiado ys: Gija, 2008.
H. Gud. Wha a e you doing? […] Guda ičius Hen ikas. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . The ga den o Gam meldz. Vilnius: W i e s o Li huania
sąjungos leidykla, 2013.
AURELIJA GRITĖNIENĖ
104 o he Li huanian Language Ac LXXII
L. Gus . Wha a e you doing? […] This is Gus a Liud. The dagge , he dog, and he
o he shadows. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2012.
L. Gu . Wha a e you doing? 2001 […] Leona d o he Ghou a. I 's he chickens. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s' Union
leidykla, 2001.
L. Gu . 2007 – Gu auskas Leona das. Musės. Palėpė. Vilnius: Vaga, 2007.
L. Gu . Wha a e you doing? 2008 […] Leona d o he Ghou a. The s u . Vilnius:
Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2008.
L. Gu . Wha a e you doing? 2011 […] Leona d o he Ghou a. The dog songs.
Vilnius: The Wo d o he Gymnas ics, 2011. L. Gu . Wha a e you doing? 2013 […]
jungos leidykla, 2013.
E. Ign. – Igna a ičius Eugenijus. Ma so pilna is. Vilnius: Lie u os ašy ojų sąjun-
Leona d o he Ghou a. The agmen s. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s' Union publishing house, 2000.
This is M. I aš. […] I aške ičius Ma ius. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen .
I 's g een. Vilnius: These whi e ones, 2002. E. Jan. […] Edmund o Janua y. The g een
g ass […] he s o y o he esu ec ion. The hi y-six d eams no el. Vilnius:
Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2013. V. Jas. Wha a e you doing? 2007 […]
Jasukai y ė Vidman ė (English p onuncia ion (help·in o)) is a Swedish ac ess. When we we e wol es. Vilnius: Alma li e a, 2007. This is he i s ime ha he Commission has been able o submi a p oposal o a egula ion on his subjec .
V. Jas. Wha a e you doing? 2008 […] Jasukai y ė Vidman ė (English p onuncia ion (help·in o)) is a Swedish ac ess. I killed my daugh e . Vilnius: he Alma
li e a, 2008.
This is D. Jaz. I 's called Dalia. His name is Siby is. This Regula ion shall en e in o
o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial
Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. B. Jon. Wha a e you doing? 2007 […] Jonuškai ė
Bi u ė (Jonuškai ė Bi u ė) was bo n in he illage o Bi u ė. I 's a piece o cake. Vilnius: Ve sus au eus, 2007 This is a lis o ci ies and owns in Li huania. B. Jon. Wha a e you doing? 2009 […] Jonuškai ė Bi u ė (Jonuškai ė Bi u ė) was bo n in he illage o Bi u ė. The ango o he Bal ic locks. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2009.
B. Jon. Wha a e you doing? 2011 […] Jonuškai ė Bi u ė (Jonuškai ė Bi u ė) was
bo n in he illage o Bi u ė. Gi e me you wo d. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2011.
D. Kaj. Wha a e you doing? The Donald o kayaking. The Kazakh. Vilnius:
Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2007.
This is J. K al. - The Rabbi o Juozas. The dea h o he dynas y. Vilnius: These
whi e ones, 2002. This is J. Kunč. 2000 […] Kuncin Ju gis. He is a membe o he
Eu opean Pa liamen . E e y day o wa . Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s' Union publishing house, 2000.
This is J. Kunč. 2006 […] Kuncin Ju gis. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . The nigh o he whi e sun. Vilnius: The wo d o he gymnas ics, 2006.
A icles o he 105 h
Liaudiški i a miški augalų genčių a dai
šiuolaikinėje lie u ių p ozoje
This is E. Ku k. […] Elena om Ku klie . She's he one who's in cha ge o he
nu se y. The s o y o he Wild Tod. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
This is R. Ma č. Ma chen Riman as. Wha a e you doing? The ush o Dom is slow.
Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2002.
This is V. Ma . […] Ma inkus Vy au as. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . Twel e o hem. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s' Union
leidykla, 2011.
R. Ma . – Ma ai y ė Rū a. S ajonė apie sniegą. Ve sus au eus, 2013.
This is A. Mil. - My name is Alina. Uninhabi ed places. Vilnius: These whi e ones, 2014. I'm
he mayo . This is Mayo Icchokas. The s a ion is in he middle. Vilnius: Li huanian
W i e s Union publishing house, 2004.
This is J. Mik. […] This is Jonas Mikelinskas. In he ea o a dinosau . Vilnius:
Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2009.
S. Pa . […] Pa ulskis Sigi as. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . Tamsa
and pa ne s. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day
U. Rad. – Radze ičiū ė Undinė. Žu ys i d akonai. Vilnius: Bal os lankos, 2013.
ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This
is N. Peč. The Peach Nė ius. The cybe poem o Vilnius. Vilnius: These whi e ones, 2004. This is V. Rykš. I 's called Rykš ai ė Vai a. Cos ume d ama. Wha is i ? This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. A. Rus. […] Ruseckai ė Aldona. She is a Russian ac ess. The wa e o Ma ius. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s' Union
leidykla, 2010.
K. Sab. Wha a e you doing? K is ina Sabaliauskai ė was bo n in 2008. This is
Sil a e um. Vilnius: The whi e a ches, 2008. K. Sab. Wha a e you doing? 2011 […]
2011.
Sabaliauskai ė K is ina. She is a membe o he Russian Academy o Sciences. This is Sil a e um II. Vilnius: The whi e lances, K. Sab. 2012 Sabaliauskai ė K is ina. She is a membe o he Russian Academy o Sciences. Daniel Dalba and o he s o ies. The Vilnius:
The whi e a ches, 2012.
K. Sab. Wha a e you doing? 2014 […] Sabaliauskai ė K is ina. She is a membe o
2014.
he Russian Academy o Sciences. This is Sil a e um III. Vilnius: The whi e lances, R. Sad. […] Saduskas Romas. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . Li ing nea a a e n. The pain ings o Demeniški.
Vilnius: Žu ėd a, 2009. This Decision is add essed o he Membe S a es.
This is K. Saj. 2010 […] Saja Kazys was bo n. I don' know whe e. I don' know wha .
Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2010.
This is S. Sak. I s he sunse . A day o b oken hea s. This Regula ion shall en e
in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial
Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This is J. Skab. 2000 […] Skablauskai ė Joli a. She is a membe o he Russian Academy o Sciences. The hi d millennium. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s' Union publishing house, 2000.

AURELIJA GRITĖNIENĖ
106 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXII
J. Skab. 2004 – Skablauskai ė Joli a. Sep yniadangė e d ė. Vilnius: Lie u os ašy-
Published by he Union P ess, 2004.
M. Sluc. Wha a e you doing? This is Sluckis Mykolas. The ul illmen is no
acco ding o Joan. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2003.
R. Sha . Wha a e you doing? 2009 […] Sha el Riman as. He is a membe o he
Swedish na ional eam. The window in he a ic. Vilnius: Ve sus au eus, 2009. This
sąjungos leidykla, 2013.
R. Še . 2001 – Še ely ė Rena a. O ji epasakė miau. Vilnius: Lie u os ašy ojų są-
is he i s ime ha he Eu opean Pa liamen has been consul ed on his ma e . R. Sha . Wha a e you doing? 2013 […] Sha el Riman . He is a membe o he Russian Academy o Sciences. A li le bi o a moon. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s' Union publishing house, 2001.
This is R. She . 2006 […] She ely ė Rena a. She is a membe o he Russian Academy
o Sciences. The embalme . Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2006.
This is R. She . 2008 […] She ely ė Rena a. She is a membe o he Russian Academy
2008.
o Sciences. The child en o he blue whale. Vilnius: Alma li e a, by R. She . 2010 […] She ely ė Rena a. She is a membe o he Russian Academy o Sciences. He was a ide . Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s' Union
leidykla, 2010.
This is R. She . 2013 […] She ely ė Rena a. She is a membe o he Russian Academy o
Sciences. The name is in he da k. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2013.
This is R. She . 2014 […] She ely ė Rena a. She is a membe o he Russian
Academy o Sciences. The ballad o he coconu . This Regula ion shall en e
in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This is Shim. […] Shimulyn Sha unas. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . In he bushes nea he obelisk. Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house, 2001.
A. Tap. Wha a e you doing? […] This is And ius. The hou o he wol . This
Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o
i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. A. The U b. 2012
[…] U bonai ė Aud onė. She is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . Suga ed ish. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. A. The U b. 2014 […] U bonai ė Aud onė. She is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . A oom o Jewish hings. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
This is G. Vil. My dea Gina. The Madonna o Vilnius. This Regula ion shall en e
in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he
O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This is A. Zu . 2000 […] Zu ba Algiman as. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . Eina... Vilnius: Published by he Li huanian W i e s' Union, 2000.
This is A. Zu . 2010 […] Zu ba Algiman as. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . I 's called K isius. Vilnius: The wo d o he gymnas ics, 2010.
A. Žag. – Žag akaly ė Agnė. Eigulio duk ė: byla F 117. Vilnius: Ty o alba, 2013.
A icles o he 107 h
Liaudiški i a miški augalų genčių a dai
šiuolaikinėje lie u ių p ozoje
LITERATŪRA
Akelai ienė G ažina, Žiliū ė-Ba a ičienė Daino a 2011: R. G anausko kū-
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A na ke ičiū ė Laima 2006: Lie u ių esė pos mode nizmo si uacijoje: Rolandas
Ras auskas. – Li uanis ica 65(1), 63–72.
B azauskas Ne ijus 2010: XX a. lie u ių mode nis inis omanas: aidos i poe ikos lin-
kmės. Vilnius: Lie u ių li e a ū os i au osakos ins i u as.
Bukelienė Elena 2004: P oza ies ūks an mečio iba. Kaunas: Š iesa.
Dauba ai ė Jolan a 2012: Leona das Gu auskas. „Šunų dainos“: p aei ies ka alo-
gas. – Li e a ū a i menas 22, 12–13.
G i ėnienė Au elija 2014: Liaudiški augalų a dai šiuolaikinėje lie u ių aikų
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G i ėnienė Au elija 2014: Šaku medžiai, bulbumai i žlembės šiuolaikinėje lie u ių
aikų p ozoje. – Gim oji kalba 2, 8–13.
Jakai ienė E alda 2010: Leksikologija. S udijų knyga. An as paka o inis leidimas.
Vilnius: Vilniaus uni e si e o leidykla.
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u o leidykla.
Kalėda Algis 1996: Romano s uk ū os ma menys: li e a ū inės komunikacijos lygmuo.
Vilnius: Lie u ių li e a ū os i au osakos ins i u as.
Keinys S asys 1984: Lie u ių kalbos hib idai (są oka, ūšys i no miškumas). – Lie-
u os TSR mokslų akademijos da bai. A se ija 3(88), 113–123.
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leidykla.
Lapelė Mindaugas 2007: Kempės upelio slėnyje. – Šalcinis 62, 4–5.
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legija: Ge ūda Nak inienė ( y . ed.), Jonas Paulauskas, Ri u ė Pe okienė, Vy au as
Vi kauskas, Jolan a Zaba skai ė. Vilnius: Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as. P ieiga in e ne e:
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AURELIJA GRITĖNIENĖ
108 o he Li huanian Language Ac LXXII
Ma ina Ma cellis, The Decade o he People. […] The la es Li huanian li e a u e 1988
ū a (1988–2002), sud. Gied ius Viliūnas. Vilnius: Alma li e a, 9–30.
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[…] 1991 Vilnius: Li huanian W i e s Union publishing house. In 2009 he w o e he
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Li huania. The language. The Li huanian coun yside. I 's called Gel ons. I is a ailable on
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he Shakespea ean plan names. Iden i ica ions and in e p e a ions This Decision shall
en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
Sme onienė I ena 2013: Bui inio s iliaus in azija į ki us unkcinius s ilius. – Šiuo-
empo a y s ylis ic ends and p oblems. Vilnius: Published by he Li huanian Uni e si y
o Educa ion, 150[…]158.
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Li huanian Li e a u e and E hnog aphy.
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(The li es o he Sain s by R. G anausko). […] Yea 5 […]6, 135. This is he i s ime I' e seen i .
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Language cul u e 82, 138 and 148.
Vaicekauskienė Lo e a 2013: "Schools a e a aid o no being able o make money".
Lexical bo owing needs and polynomials in w i en ex s om 1991 o 2013. […]
Taikomoji in he language o 2013 (3). The Commission he e o e concludes ha he aid
is compa ible wi h he in e nal ma ke wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (3) (c) TFEU.
Zsuzsa Menzel: The e hnici y o he language. […] T ends and p oblems o mode n
s ylis ics. Vilnius: Published by he Li huanian Uni e si y o Educa ion, 183[…]191. Zupe ka Kazimie as is he 2012 winne o he S yle Awa d. Šiauliai: The publishing house o Šiauliai Uni e si y.
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a is ic li e a u e in Spain in he 20 h cen u y. I is also impo an o no e ha he
Commission's p oposal o a di ec i e on he p o ec ion o wo ke s om he isks
ela ed o exposu e o ca cinogens a wo k is based on he p inciple o p opo ionali y.
A icles o he 109 h
Liaudiški i a miški augalų genčių a dai
šiuolaikinėje lie u ių p ozoje
Кудинова Таисия 2000: Просторечие и диалект в языке А. П. Чехова. К
cha ac e is ics o he w i e 's linguis ic pe sonali y. This Decision shall en e in o
o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o
he Eu opean Union.
Курносова Ирина 1995: Диалектная лексика в художественной прозе начала
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ennoy-p oze-nachala-xx- [2015.01.16].
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слова и язык писателя. Ленинград: Художественная литература, 228–261.
Попович Алина 2013: Диалектизмы в повестях И. А. Бунина «Деревня» и
The unc ional-s ylis ic aspec o he ca . This Decision shall en e in o o ce
on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
Folk and Dialec al Names o he Gene a o
Plan s in Con empo a y Li huanian P ose
Summa y
A e a ho ough eading o nea ly 100 p ose wo ks by 21s cen u y Li huanian au ho s, 203
names o plan s ha a e in some way di e en om scien i ic names o plan s we e ound
in 80 wo ks.
o 49 au ho s. The main aim o esea ch was o iden i y wha olk and dialec al one-wo d
names o he gene a o plan s appea in con empo a y Li huanian p ose, o analyse hei
In e ms o o igin, a ious names o plan s bo owed om o eign languages and widely used
by Li huanian au ho s o p ose make up a a he nume ous g oup. The majo i y o hem (17
names) ha e a La in oo bu hey came o he Li huanian language h ough o he (usually
Sla ic o Ge man) languages. 19 loanwo ds de i ed om Sla ic languages. 9 names o plan s
a e conside ed hyb ids. in o se e al g oups. The wo ds displaying he ea u es o
In espec o p e alence, he names o plan s eco ded in p ose ex s can be di ided
Samogi ian, Eas e n Aukš ai ian and he Dzūkų dialec a e used in he na owes a ea. A
g oup o lexical dialec icisms a e mo e widely used […] in he whole a ea o Aukš ai ian dialec .
O he names a e known ac oss Li huania.