212 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXX
aLdona PauLauskienė
Vilniaus uni e si e as
Resea ch a eas include g amma heo y, his o y o g amma
science, and social linguis ics.
aldonas Pupkis
He's a big boy and he's big.
LITUVIAN LANGUAGE The ollowing is a summa y o he main poin s o he epo :
Vilnius: Ins i u e o Li huanian Language, 2013, page 478
This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union.
We s a eading each scien i ic wo k om he p ologue, because in i he au ho
indica es he pu pose o his wo k and he me hod he has chosen. He e i is said how
he idea a ose o unde ake a b oade s udy o he his o y o Li huanian
lexicog aphy. Howe e , he au ho admi s ha he was no so much conce ned wi h
summa izing as wi h elling he beginning o he his o y o he p epa a ion o he
Li huanian dic iona y and o he wo ks ela ed o he lexicog aphic ac i i ies o P o .
Juozas Balčikonis and p o iding in o ma ion abou he people who spoke o he
dic iona y edi o ial s a in one way o ano he . I 's up o he eade o decide how i
all wen down. A li le oo much modes y: e e yone w i es as hey see i , and eads
as hey can unde s and. The balchikon imagined he wo d as a monumen o he
na ion, and ha imagina ion de e mined he ype o he wo d. And he e a e
b anches o linguis ic science ha a e no ela ed o na ionalism. I will no men ion
hem all he e, bu a compa a i e his o ical g amma will su ice, because a he
beginning o Li huanian lexicog aphy his di ec ion o g amma was dominan (in
Li huania e en o a long ime), and a he beginning o he 20 h cen u y in F ance
he e was a gene al idea o g amma , encou aging diach ony o be sepa a ed om
synch ony and mo e in e es ed in he Li huanian language as a sys em. The e o e,
acco ding o he opinion gained in Ge many in he second hal o he 19 h cen u y ha
scien i ic linguis ics could only be his o ical, o a long ime Li huanian linguis s we e
di ided in o scien is s and p ac i ione s, and hei wo ks in o scien i ic and
p ac ical, ha ing no hing o do wi h science. Fo example, Kazimie he Younge ,
Kazimie he Bold […] eal scien is s, and Jonah Jablonsky, Juoz Balchikon […]
p ac i ione s, Balchikon is also a s ylis (p. 24). Wo ds we e also di ided in o scien i ic
and p ac ical. Such a dis inc ion be ween he wo ks o he o icians and hose o
he o icians has essen ially been and is a mis ake. The Li huanian schola s o he i s hal o he wen ie h cen u y, who s udied in Ge many, did no ye unde s and ha he apynas is o his o ical compa a i e linguis ics would be e y compe i i e wi h he ocabula y. I seemed o hem ha only hei quali ica ions we e sui able o a wide ange o scien i ic wo k (p. 24).
aldonas Pupkis
Juozas Balčikonis i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
Bu wha was science hen? The e ymology o wo ds is undoub edly an imp essi e
science, bu i is easy o c i icize hem: he eagle c i icized he e ymological dic iona y
o P eob ažensky, and much la e Vincas U bu is […] Cons an ine Ka ulius he
e ymological dic iona y o La ian, because e en se e al e ymologies o he same wo d
can be equally c edible. Fo example, I know ou e ymologies o Li huanian names, and
who can ell me which one is co ec ? The his o y o g amma ical o ms, based on ac s
om a ious languages, seeking whe e he hypo hesis appea s. Le 's hink abou wha
ekons uo i g ama ines o mas ne iki indoeu opiečių p okalbės, aip pa gali daug
would ha e happened i by 2002 he Li huanian language dic iona y had been w i en using
he his o ical compa a i e me hod wi h he e ymologies o wo ds? such a dic iona y
would ha e no p ac ical o scien i ic signi icance, because, o e ime, science does no
s ay in place, and he dic iona y o he Li huanian language was w i en o decades and
o all ime. I we ma k he beginning o he dic iona y no om he beginning o he
dic iona y's w i ing (1212), bu om he eques o he balchikon o appoin him
edi o -in-chie (1930), he dic iona y's w i ing las ed abou se en y yea s wi h a
sho age. Du ing ha ime, he wa , he occupa ion, and he cul o pe sonali y wi h all
i s consequences su i ed, gene a ions o edi o s, dic iona y w i e s, and wo d
collec o s changed, bu he wo k on he dic iona y did no s op e en in he mos
di icul imes. Wha would ha e happened o ha his o ical ocabula y i he
compa a i e his o ical language i sel had decided how necessa y i would ha e been o
he Li huanian people? And now we ha e as many as wen y olumes o "Dango aizy" and
"We Appoin ed he Russians", as once w o e ou amous compa io Algi das Julius
G eimas a he end o he 20 h cen u y. Du ing he Russian occupa ion, he scope o he
dic iona y was a i icially limi ed: i could no be la ge han he dic iona y o he
Russian language. The e a e se en een olumes in he Russian dic iona y, so don' c oss
ha line. A e all, he ichness o a language depends no on he size o a na ion, bu on
i s genius and he abili y o i s wo ke s o collec mo e honey. A e publishing wen y
olumes, as a as I can ell, he ins i u e s ill has abou hal a million ca ds, and he e's
al eady a ocabula y supplemen p og am. In he same a icle, G eimas w o e ha he
dic iona y does no wi hs and scien i ic c i icism, and ha i s edi o , Balchikon, was
mo e o a wo ke han a man who lo ed language. Some imes celeb i ies say nei he .
Wha does i mean o lo e a language apa om he people who speak i ? All sciences,
including he humani ies, seek o unde s and he wo ld and o bene i man wi h ha
knowledge. Jona han Swi laughed a he science o science in Gulli e 's T a els,
showing how scien is s y o ex ac sunligh om cucumbe s. I mus be said ha
such a dic iona y o he Li huanian language as we ha e now wi hs ands all c i icism,
because i , al hough o objec i e easons i sel could no a oid many sho comings,
p o ides enough ac ual ma e ial o a ious scien i ic wo ks, including special
dic iona ies. I can be deduced om he appoin men o he balchikon as he chie
edi o o he dic iona y, desc ibed in he monog aph o Aldo Pupki, ha i was no any
pe sonal acquain ance wi h which a na ion could be signi ican ha led him. I doesn'
214 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXX he Minis e o Educa ion o he P ime
aLdona PauLauskienė
Minis e , and he unde s anding o an educa ed, well- e sed and powe ul pe son
in he language ha only a Balchikon, a oo s ep in he language o he Jablons,
could p ope ly lead such an ex ao dina y and na ionally impo an wo k.
jablonskis bu o pakankamai eo iškai pasi engęs kalbininkas, be jis nemanė,
kad į ai ūs (ka ais ne p ieš a ingi) pa ienių kalbininkų samp o a imai apie kalbą
need heo ies, i needs conc e e wo ks (g amma , ocabula y). The e o e, in 1922 in he
g amma p ologue he w o e: "I ca e anyway, mainly abou p ac ice: we ha e o each in
school no so much g amma ical e ms and a ious language subjec s, as li ing language
subjec s necessa y o he cul u al li e o he Li huanian, his wo k in he Li huanian
socie y" (jablonskis 1957: 183 […] 184). This doesn' mean ha he e a e no heo ies in
Jablonski's g amma . A emp s we e made o c i icize he ac ions, imes, and concep s
o Jablonski's e bs, bu i u ned ou ha his g amma ical heo y was no so easily
ole a ed by c i ics. Balchikon, asked o e iew he candida e's disse a ion on he
ac ions o he e b, being al eady o an hono able age, as well as Jablonsky, did no wan
o ge in ol ed in he " heo e ical con usions". The consen o oppose was o mula ed
in he ollowing wo ds: "When he da kness would ha e w i en abou he language... I
don' know hose heo ies a all, bu wha will you do... I ag ee, because he da kness
needs a p o esso , and whe e will you ge one now?... " Such a s a emen , like Jablonski's
con ession, does no mean ha he balchikon did no like he language. Bu he science
o language, in his mind, was no supposed o be some kind o subjec i e heo e ical
in e ence, bu a di ec wo k. The spoken desc ip ions a e necessa y because he
spoken ones a e as -mo ing, and how you unde s and hose ac ions is no e y
impo an . On Feb ua y 23, 1930, Jablonsky le his moun ain o ea s, and Balchikon was
s ill young and ene ge ic enough, as G eimas says, a man who lo es wo k, and only such a
man could pu he g ea bu den o esponsibili y on his shoulde s. Pupkis, ha ing
ga he ed e e y hing he ound in he a chi es and in he p ess, choosing he academic
me hod o eaching, is e e ywhe e e y cau ious, his explana ions e y apa he ic, bu in
his monog aph i can be ead ha "ska džius w o e in 1962 wi hou hesi a ion ha he
dic iona y was headed by sme onos paski asis balčikonis" (p. 27). Why is i ha now in
he highes posi ions o powe he e a e no people who lo e Li huania, he Li huanian
na ion, no only in wo ds bu also in eali y, why has i no been possible o c ea e
na ional schools in hese decades o Li huania's independence, why has he li e acy a e
o na ional s uden s dec eased, why has he p es ige o eache s and schools
dec eased, why do e en he speake s speak? And he e's mo e han one way o pu i . In
he in e wa pe iod in Li huania, he wo king condi ions o he speake s we e no e y
com o able and easy, bu he e was p ide in hei na ion and i s language. Soon, a
common language was de eloped and a na ional school was es ablished, which su i ed
bo h he wa and he i s , bloody, pos -wa decade.
aldonas Pupkis
Juozas Balčikonis i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
In his le e s, he u ged Balchikonis o go o he coun yside and de o e himsel
exclusi ely o he wo k o he dic iona y, and he himsel o e ed o ake ca e o
all he p oblems ela ed o he inancing o he dic iona y, and was e en
dissa is ied when he did no ecei e answe s om he G eek dic iona ies (balch
no ikonis 1982: 215 […] 256 […] 258). He was a g ea admi e o he poe , and in he
yea s 1922 and 1923 he was u ged o publish as soon as possible a dic iona y o he
ašy i žodyną i siūlydamasis isu kuo pa a nau i, u bū ne neįsi aizda o, kokį
poe and he possibili ies which he had a ha ime. When he s a ed w i ing he
dic iona y, he el obliged o explain himsel . In he in oduc ion o he i s
collec ion o Li huanian ocabula y, he w o e ha he had le a dic iona y in 1912,
whe e he also indica ed he ci cums ances in which he ma e ial was collec ed,
how much and om whe e i was collec ed. I didn' coun he ca ds, bu when I
s a ed o w i e he dic iona y, I had 14 […] 17 pieces, o which 10 […] 13 pieces had
been collec ed in he ca e om 1921 o he i s day o Decembe 1923. Bu he
a ailable ma e ial has no ye allowed he dic iona y o be p in ed, because I ha e
seen ha i will be incomple e and impe ec . I is he aul o ou socie y and ou
go e nmen , especially he las one, which has been u ging me o a long ime
h ough he Minis y o Educa ion o s a he wo k o he p ess as soon as
possible. I ha e o say his on behal o mysel and he o he speake s, hanks o
ou go e nmen , he Legisla i e Assembly and he Cabine o Minis e s, who ha e
no spa ed much money o his wo k o cul u e and science. Thank you and all he
dic iona y alke s! (buga 1924: Vi). [So... and we, he s uden s, we e lied o a he
uni e si y ha he bou geois go e nmen didn' ca e a all abou he wo d, ha
he poo man go sick and died ea ly. Meanwhile, ou o ea o g a i ude o he
au ho i ies, i 's clea ha hings we e di e en . The d um goes on o say:
"The name o he subs ance o he wo d would be mo e app op ia e o my
ocabula y han he name o he wo d. My dic iona y isn' e en sys ema ically done,
because all o i s ma e ial is collec ed by chance, by chance. wi hou immedia ely
p in ing he collec ed ocabula y ma e ial, I had no e en made a dic iona y plan. The
con en o he wo d includes all Li huanian wo ds wi hou any dis inc ion. no only
common (appella i a) (...), bu also au hen ic (nomina p op ia) names (...). The wo d
does no ca e a all whe he he wo d is ca pe Li huanian o o eign, because all
wo ds a e equal o i (1924: Vii). The explana o y language o wo ds is no he only
one in my ocabula y. He e he eade will ind one wo d explained in Li huanian,
ano he in Ge man, a hi d in Russian o Polish, a ou h in La in o some hing else. I
couldn' a oid he mix u e o languages ([…]babel[…]) because o lack o ime. O
cou se, i would ha e been possible and e en geis ina, bu he only p oblem is ha
his wo k equi es a lo o ime. So in o de o speed up he w i ing and p in ing o
he dic iona y, I had o lea e i o he wo ds o explain he language ha I ound in
he sou ces.
216 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXX To ind ou wha and how he bubbles a e made, you
aLdona PauLauskienė
need o ead he ex o he dic iona y. Le me gi e you jus one example. In he
un o med common language, i 's nex o he s one in he ace and he s one in he
ace, he s one, he headline wo ds go and hei diminu i e o ms a e s one and
s one. And he e y wo d "s one" desc ibes all he chee ulness, all he p essu e, all
he exci emen , all he p omise: "By he second semes e , I could lea e he uni e si y
būgos žodžiais a ian , jų is o ija i a mėmokslis, e imologija. okio ipo žodyno
nebū ų pajėgęs pa ašy i joks žmogus (ne gi būga) i joks kolek y as apsk i ai. o
o a yea be o e I could a o d o p ess Ben and Tom". Bu I will be able o do so when
I ha e ce ain gua an ees ha my li elihood will be p o ided o wi hou uni e si y
and o he wo k". (1924: 14). Le 's say ha i Fa e hadn' been di e en and i he had
w i en a dic iona y like he one we see in he i s jou nals, i would ha e e ained
i s scien i ic alue o some ime o a e y long ime, because he e is no end o any
science, including linguis ics, and he e can be no end o i . The e o e, he appoin men
o Balchikono, who had no ye become a p ominen his o ian in Li huania a ha ime,
as he edi o -in-chie o he dic iona y was well jus i ied. O cou se, P anas Ska dis
could no deny ha he edi o -in-chie was no appoin ed by him, he scien is , bu by
a p ac icing balchikon. Ha ing ag eed o be he chie edi o o he dic iona y, he
balchikon assumed no only he legal and mo al igh s o which his opponen s we e so
conce ned, bu also all he du ies ha someone o o he would ha e been able o
pe o m so decen ly. he would no ha e assumed such esponsibili y i he had no been
ce ain o his scien i ic compe ence and adminis a i e abili ies. I' e been eading a
lo o his book, and a lo o wha I al eady know om Pupki's w i en and published
wo ks on he balcony o he balcony, as well as his ca e ully published wo ks on he
dalykų: pa alpų su a kymu, a nau ojų pa inkimu, ka o ekų pe žiū a, olesnio
da bo plana imu i o ganiza imu“ (32).
balcony o he balcony o he balcony o he balcony o he balcony o he balcony o
he balcony o he balcony o he balcony o he balcony o he balcony o he balcony
o he balcony o he balcony o he balcony o he balcony o he balcony o he
balcony.
F om 1956 o 1960, I li ed in he same do mi o y wi h my wi e. When she couldn' go o
he ins i u e because o a se ious illness, bu she could s ill w i e and edi he
dic iona y, ou ooms became one apa men : Paulauskas ca ied he iles and he
dic iona y ex s om he ins i u e o he house, and I helped in he apa men . Along
wi h he wo k, he p oblems o he dic iona y came o ou house, and he e we e
o en isi s o he balcony (wi h small honeycombs) o he wo ke Vosyly ė a home.

aldonas Pupkis
Juozas Balčikonis i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
217 ecenzijos / e iews
In such ci cums ances, I hea d hei con e sa ions, I saw how he dic iona y was
w i en and edi ed, how i looked in he co ec ions and checks, because o en he
i an Paulausko ašomojo s alo. Žodyno ašy ojai i edak o iai bu o okie žmonės,
dic iona y columns we e lying, who did no ha e he ime o he wo k hey ook:
hey wo ked and slep a home, in he hou s and days o es , hey wo ked du ing
he holidays. Tha 's how hey we e augh o do he job o a lo ing balcony.
The a chi al ma e ial used by Pupki adds o ou knowledge o he wo k and ideas o
he balchikon, o he eme gence o a na u al g adual ins uc ion in he w i ing o he
dic iona y, and in his way he ex o he monog aph becomes simila o he his o y
o he w i ing o he dic iona y. pe haps ha is why some o he au ho 's colleagues
and acquain ances may ha e hough ha he i le o he monog aph "His o y o he
G ea Li huanian Language Dic iona y" was app op ia e. Bu ha 's no he whole
s o y. and he au ho 's choice be e e lec s he con en o he monog aph,
because he balchikon is made in such a way ha , e en a e he le he dic iona y
and li e, despi e all he conside a ions, changes o imes, ideological ials, his spi i
emained and guided he wo k o he dic iona y. Only he well- ained collabo a o s
and s uden s o he balcony could con inue he wo k he had begun. Wi h he elease o
wen y olumes and he abili y o allow an elec onic e sion o he dic iona y, i
became possible o imp o e wha could no o should no ha e been done be o e.
Vi kauskas ead he en i e dic iona y and, a e egis e ing he ansla ions o he
spoken wo ds and o ms, in 2006 published a sepa a e book on he g amma o he
Li huanian language. In he au umn o 1964, I was ans e ed om he dialec ology
depa men o he ins i u e o he ocabula y depa men , whe e I was mainly
in e es ed in he ansposi ion o spoken wo ds and o ms. I wasn' jus me who
no iced he unce ain ies, we alked o he dic iona ies and he in e p e e s. Tha 's
how i all s a ed. A he end o my se ice, I w o e i all down in a book. This was
encou aged by my g ea es eache , P o . Z. Zinke ičius, PhD. Laigonai ė, colleague o
e. g ina eckienė. He is a membe o he Eu opean Pa liamen . a. jonai y ė, d.
ga gasai ė, j. Paulauskas, Ž. u bana ičiū ė-Ma ke ičienė and o he s and p o . balčikonio eaching o un away om mis akes […] (Vi kauskas 2006: 7).
I would ha e been nice o ha e eco ded and explained he e o s in he hie a chy o
g amma ical cha ac e is ics and lexical meanings o wo ds, bu he science o
Li huanian g amma and lexicology was incompa ably weake han I do no alk abou
dialek ologiją, i niekas iš šių s ičių specialis ų ne u ėjo okio yšio su žodynu, kaip
dialek ologas Vy au as Vi kauskas.
he e, he ca e o he au ho i ies, he cul u e o he na ion, schools and eache s, his
can be expe ienced bo h om he balcony o he Rink, and om he e iew o he
monog aph, in which he balcony mas e chose he igh g amma and in gene al he
wo d edi ing. Finally, all ou g ea linguis s we e eache s a he beginning o hei
wo k and la e became quali ied scien is s.
218 o he
aLdona PauLauskienė
Li huanian Linguis ic Ac LXX
The go e nmen didn' ha e he money o he dic iona y, bu i can be seen om
he a chi al documen s ha i was ying o sa e money. I you look a he li e o
a Li huanian a me a ha ime, when you could buy a good cow o 100 li as, he
sala y o an edi o o 1000 li as is, o cou se, e y high. Teache , and la e school
inspec o and associa e p o esso o Vilnius Uni e si y P anas Gailiūnas old
ha a e g adua ing om uni e si y, he would s a his own wo k in he school.
I didn' wo k as much, bu I go a sala y o 300 li as. Fo a hund ed li as, he'll en a
oom wi h ood and se ice. In his pocke , he s ill had 200 li as le , which, as a
begga , he didn' know how o spend.
The peasan s li ed in a e y di e en way, because wha hey g ew on hei land was
e y cheap, and wha hey had o buy in he ci y was expensi e. You couldn' buy shoes
o a hund ed bucks. Bu le 's no ge in o he local economy, al hough hose a chi al
sou ces make you hink abou i , especially i you emembe om childhood how you
mo he , wan ing o s a a u nace, cu a hick Swedish s ick in hal , and wi h bel
buckles, you a he only wen o chu ch o o he ci y, how he men kep he es y
om he une al home and he une al home (because o he ha d and ca ing wo k),
and all he li le ones o he elde ly we e d agged in household clo hes, walked wi h
clo hes, o we e pe haps e en happie han oday. The au ho 's monog aph on he
p epa a ion o he balchicon's Rink ine w i ings, he ecollec ions o he dic iona y's
collabo a o s and he a chi al ma e ial, p esen ed in ch onological o de , gi e a ue
pic u e o he c ea ion o he dic iona y om he e y beginning: in ee Li huania,
du ing he wa yea s and a e he wa , in sea ch o he hall o hidden iles. Bu I'd like
o see a li le bi o a di e en spelling in he "Bolshe ik censo ship" sec ion, so ha
he younge speake s, who we en' ali e a he ime, wouldn' hink ha hen, o no
eason a all, she sho he sel . They we e o ced o do i . The unspeakably c uel
ideological coe cion o he VkP(b) i s mani es ed i sel in he cen e o he empi e
i sel and om he e sp ead h oughou i s e i o y. The dic iona y is headed by
Balchikon, no because o Zyugzha's in oduc ion o he Bolshe ik censo ship o he
Gniew s (Zyugzha and Kos as Ko sakas, and Gen ik Ziman, and he dic iona y edi o o
he publishing house Jonas Kabelka). They wouldn' be he e i he a omic bomb hadn'
exploded o e Russian li e a u e and a in 1946. No one would ha e wan ed o w i e
wo ks o he o ic and o he sciences in he ligh o he science o S alin's language i
in 1950 P a da had no had a e y ideologized discussion o he o ic wi h he Ma is s,
which ended wi h a amous Geo gian he o ician asking S alin o an in e iew,
a sakęs i paskelbęs oje pačioje P a doje (žinoma, da ydamas am ik us e e ansus
o mula ing ques ions o hem o S alin and he g ea Russian chau inism, and S alin
would no ha e allowed a "genius" wo k o be published in his name.
In 1946, he VkP (b) ck e iewed he jou nals Lening ad and Z ezda, Mu adell's ope a
The G ea Li e, by Mikhail Zoschenko, he anos achma o a's wo k and e y s ic ly
aldonas Pupkis
Juozas Balčikonis i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
A e iew o 219 e iews c i icized hem o hei apoli ical na u e. The main speake is
And ei Zhdano . I' e hea d ha e en Zoschenko's psyche has been dis u bed by his
conside a ion. Pupkis used he collec ion o documen s published in 1991 by Rašy ojas in
he pos -wa yea s and p obably assumed he unc ions ha he Li huanian w i e s'
cong ess ook place immedia ely a e wa ds, in which A. Ždano o pe o med he
unc ions o LkP(b)ck sec e a y Kazys P eikšas. In his assembly o he W i e s' Union,
he chai man o he W i e s' Union, Pe e C i ka, and he enemy, he communis Edua d
Mieżelaic, had o be punched in he ches . The mos e ible accusa ion was made
agains Bali S uog, who, e u ning om one camp, ealized ha i was easy o ge o
he nex , and, ba ely s anding on his ee , spoke a long "ca ch" speech, which he himsel
did no belie e a wo d o . No unde s anding he olly o communis policy, e u ning
om ha e ible mee ing, S uoga w o e a le e o he chu ch, belie ing ha he
chai man o he W i e s' Union had some o he powe .
had no powe nei he he choi no Žiugžda. The e o e, he balchikon saw he
absu di y o he legali ies and p omises o se le. In he yea s o he wa , he
balcony was gi en a lo , no wi hou Žiugda's ini ia i e. F om 1944 o 1959 Balčikonis
wo ked a Vilnius Uni e si y, om 1948 he was awa ded he i le o p o esso . F om
1944 o 1950 he headed he Li huanian language depa men . F om 1945 o 1952 he was
he di ec o o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e, in 1946 he was elec ed an
academician o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e, and in 1945 he was awa ded he
hono a y i le o L s nusipelniusio Mokslo eikėjo (sabaliauskas 1982: 38). I we look
a he yea s o he ele a ions o he balcony in o de : 1944, 1945, 1946 and 1948 ( he
mos impo an yea s o dic iona y conside a ion and c i icism), and add ha he
balcony was equipped wi h an excellen li ing in he house o scien is s, we will
unde s and he beha iou o he balcony du ing he c uel dic iona y conside a ions
and un ai e alua ions o his wo k, and we will also unde s and Vi kausko's w i ing
ha he go e nmen […] a ybinė nicely assessed his nuopelnus[…] (Vi kauskas 1985:
60). and why Zyugzha Šėlio, who himsel in i ed Balchikon o wo k in Li huania's
highes scien i ic ins i u ions, will also be unde s ood i someone manages o
desc ibe hose e ible imes o S alinism. On May 21, 1948, a he mee ing o he
ex ended o ice o he Depa men o Social Sciences o he Minis y o Educa ion,
he second olume o he Li huanian ocabula y was conside ed. in which he balchikon alked abou he na u e o he wo d, he pu pose, scope and pu pose o he wo k. And hen you had o lis en o people who we e laughing a he dic iona y and maybe didn' e en belie e wha hey we e saying.
LkP dze žinskio ajono iV pa inėje kon e encijoje, ykusioje 1950 m. bi želio
3–4 dienomis, Pušinis žiau iai k i ika o Žiugždą, kad jis uo me u, kai „bolše izmas
And he So ie go e nmen , in he p ocess o e asing om i s pa h no only he
bou geois o de , bu also he pi i ul emnan s o he bou geois and
pe y-bou geois pa ies [...], began o ec ui ep esen a i es om each bou geois
pa y o he Academy o Sciences om all he b anches in pai s, i.e.
ep esen a i es om each bou geois pa y we e admi ed o he Academy o Sciences. The LTSR Academy o Sciences now has a eam o o me pilg ims, na ionalis s, Ch is ian-democ a s,
ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXX k a ų, maximalis s o simply e o is s, chau inis s
aLdona PauLauskienė
o simply capi alis s, heologians and e en he leade o he Uni e sal Chu ch (W i e
in pos -wa yea s 1991: 251 […] 220252). Then he e was Pushin and he economis Pe
Šalčík, he poe , w i e , li e a y schola Vinc Mykolai is-Pu in, and he doc o o
philology, he o ien alis Se ya Šapšal, and he oncologis Vik o Ku o g. The ac
ha he Ch is ian-Democ a ic Pa y igu e, o me head o he Depa men o
Theology a he Uni e si y o Kaunas, o me heologian, p o esso o heology, is
now wo king a he Li huanian Academy o Sciences as he di ec o o he
Li huanian Ins i u e o Li e a u e.
Le me ask he sec e a y o he pa y o ganiza ion o he Academy o Sciences, D .
Zhigdas, wha can a heologian om Balchikon gi e o he So ie academy, wi h a ligh
hand aised o he Li huanian k. and academic p o esso o li e a u e? […] (1991: 251 […]
253). Wha a e you going o do i he con e ence demands ha he pa y o ganiza ion
o he Academy o Sciences and i s sec e a y, D . j. Resol ed o pu an end o
libe alism a wo k and alleged schola s […] o me membe s o bou geois pa ies, o
ake in o accoun he c i icism o he sho comings o wo k p esen ed a he
con e ence, o o ganize wo k in acco dance wi h he asks o socialis
cons uc ion[…]? (1991: 253). Žiugžda asked he new pa y dis ic commi ee o check
Pushinin's commen s and help he Academy o Sciences sol e he p oblems ha a ose.
he only da ed o say ha Balchikon is no a heologian, bu a philologis , bu claimed
ha he […]nea sik a ė bou geois aiko, his whole app oach o wo k, i s con en ,
o ganiza ion, pe sonnel aining […] all his is pe mea ed by bou geois indi idualism, he e
bou geois objec i ism, apoli icism is e e ywhe e. And he wo k o he ins i u e has
been unsuccess ul o yea s, lacking any leade ship. As men ioned ea lie , he ques ion
now a ises abou he change o leade ship o he language ins i u e (1991: 255). I ead
abou his e ible ime and wonde ed i i would e e be p ope ly unde s ood and
app ecia ed, I hough abou he ime o he balcony and he communis Zygmun , he
mu de e o he Zygmun speake . I ha e w i en a book on he impo an
20 h-cen u y Li huanian g amma (i has no been published, and I do no know i I will be
able o publish i ). I s udied 20 h-cen u y g amma science and ound ha he mos
pe ec and app op ia e o a na ional school is he 1937 g amma o he Li huanian
language by Ju i Amb asko and Juozas Žiugzdas (by he way, i was he i s o use he
e m c ossing). I 's a g ea sys ema ic desc ip ion o he g amma o he language,
no limi ed o he mos a ied exe cises. They' e added a he end o he g amma so
binėje enciklopedijoje galima as i ik ai, kad iš li uanis ikos Žiugžda y a paskelbęs
ha he eache can choose he opic o he day. And na u ally, he ques ion a ose,
wha was he au ho 's con ibu ion o his g amma ? The Li huanian Council's wo ks:
1935 by Žemai ė and 1937 by Amb aška Li huanian g amma . Tha 's i ! In he Li huanian
language encyclopedia we will ind w i en abou ju gį amb ašką, bu no a wo d abou
aldonas Pupkis
Juozas Balčikonis i didysis Lie u ių kalbos žodynas
227 e iews by
The book is called "Li e a u e o he Balkans" and was published in 1982 by
Rink inen-Sch i 2, a publishing house in Sweden, unde he pseudonym
"Aldonas Pupkis." Vilnius: The science. Kazimie z's g and a he was a
Li huanian-speaking man who was a membe o he Minis y o Educa ion.
juozą Žiugždą. Amb osia w o e a ious ex books o elemen a y school and died in
1945, and Zygda li ed a sho li e, and his only memo y is om he yea 1991: [whi e
a ows]. […] Li e a u e and he a s, 1991-13. J.A.B.L.O.N.E. (J.A.B.L.O.N.E. is he name o a song by J.A.B.L.O.N.E. (J.A.B.L.O.N.E. is he name o a song by J.A.B.L.O.N.E.) Vilnius: S a e publishing house o poli ical and scien i ic li e a u e.
Li huanian language dic iona y i, ed. juozas balčikonis. Vilnius: Li huanian Academy o
Sciences, Li huanian Language Ins i u e, 1941.
Puppis Aldonas, And iy Ashman: Li e and wo k. Vilnius: h ee s a s.
Vi kauskas Vy au as was bo n in 1985 in he illage o Juozas Balčikonis. Vilnius: The
science. Vi kauskas Vy au as, 2006: A e ision o he ocabula y o he Li huanian
language. Vilnius: Li huanian Language Ins i u e.
Deli e ed on 2 May 2014
aLdona PauLauskienė
Vilniaus uni e si e as
Balio S uogos g. 8-1, LT-10220 Vilnius, Li huania, which is loca ed in he dis ic o Balio S uogos, Li huania.
[Email p o ec ed]