196 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXX
ha aLd bichLMeie
Ma in-Lu he -uni e si ä halle-Wi enbe g
Academic esea ch a eas: Indoge manis ics, onomas ics
(local and wa e names), al i anis ics (syn ax).
jü gen udolph (h sg.)
Eu oPa Vasconica […]
Eu oPa seMi ica? Wha a e
you alking abou ? C i ical
con ibu ions o he
ques ion o he Basque and Semi ic subs a e in Eu ope
(con ibu ions o lexicog aphy and name esea ch 6) Hambu g:
baa 2013. Pape back, 386 pages + 3 pages unpagina ed (wi h
in o ma ion on he con ibu o s o he band) isbn:
978-3-935536-06-6
The p esen collec ion is unde s ood as a esponse o he hesis pu o wa d by Theo
Vennemann (and his pupils) o abou h ee decades in dozens o essays and allegedly
subs an ia ed by se e al e ymologies (o wha was spen o i ) ha on he one hand a
la ge pa o he Ge manic ocabula y, on he o he hand a much la ge pa o he
wa e name laye commonly e e ed o as 'old Eu opean hyd onymia' was no ac ually
o Indo-Eu opean o igin, bu owed o one o he o he Indo-Eu opean subs a e. A
summa y o his esea ch has been p esen ed by Vennemann in he collec ion Eu opa
Vasconica […] Eu opa Semi ica, be lin […] new yo k 2003, which con ains 26 p e iously
published and one unpublished con ibu ion o da e. Simply pu , Vennemann's poin o
iew can be summa ized as ollows: he e a e a numbe o wo ds, especially in Ge manic,
ha lack a (good) Indo-Ge manic e ymology. This is because hey come om a subs a e
language. As a subs a e language, i is mainly used in he in e io . he […]Vasconic[…] (a
ype o U basque) in ques ion, since a e he las ice age he ese lemen o Cen al
Eu ope was mainly om he sou hwes , i.e. om he Ibe ian
jü gen udolph (h sg.)
Eu opa Vasconica – Eu opa Semi ica? K i ische Bei äge zu F age
nach dem baskischen und semi ischen Subs a in Eu opa
I would like o ask he Commissione whe he he is awa e o he ac ha he
Commission has no ye aken a decision on his ma e , and i so wha is he
Commission's posi ion? Vasconia is he e o e also he oldes wa e name laye ha we
can g asp in (Cen al) Eu ope, all he mo e so as one also has he p oblem in his a ea,
o en no (clean) Indoge man e ymology o gi e o he king especially also in Wes and
No h Ge manic. These a e .a. I was b ough o his egion by Phoenician ade s (and
ul ima ely he unic alphabe was de i ed om he Phoenician alphabe ). The sea ch o
nen. semi isch seien hingegen zahl eiche subs a wö e in küs ennahen gebie en,
subs a e ocabula y, especially in Wes Ge man, has a long adi ion, which is con inued
especially in he "Leiden school" o Indo-Ge manic s udies. Howe e , he basic
assump ions a e comple ely w ong, who wan o see a subs a e sha e o up o 30% in
he Ge manic lexicon: al eady Neumann (1971, 77 […] 79 = 2008, 3 […] 5) has p o en ha his is
a chain o alse assump ions, misunde s andings and calcula ion e o s, which i has
managed o do in a ious handbooks and in oduc ions o Ge manic o Ge manic
languages. he p opo ion o he subs a e ocabula y in languages is usually in he
ange o 25%. om he wo k a he eWa can ez. I can only con i m ha o he good 130
(abou 20 su ixes) so a om ez. The main wo ds (wo ds beginning wi h ahd. i-, j-, l-, m-)
could only once be p esen ed o one (ahd. î al ‘ei el, nich ig, lee ‘; eWa V, 226229) no
(good) Indo-Ge manic e ymology. So he pe cen age ha migh be a ibu able o
subs a e wo ds was less han 1% in his exce p om he lexicon! The collec ion o be
p esen ed he e as a esponse o hose wo ks con ains, a e he o ewo d (s. 7.9), eigh
essays and an in e iew. Wha is undamen ally p oblema ic abou his olume is i s
ha i is an answe ha ook en yea s o o mula e, and ha in i s indi idual pa s i
is any hing bu homogeneous: i con ains essays ha ha e al eady appea ed be o e
Vennemann's book, hose ha we e ob iously inished soon a e Vennemann's book and
hose ha we e inished only la e . Jus as Vennemann's book consis s o essays om
abou 15 yea s, so do he answe s o i om abou 15 yea s. One wonde s i one had o
ewa d a book a e so many yea s wi h hese "c i ical con ibu ions", which de ac o
play no ole in esea ch (as a as he esea che looks a i ) anyway. O he essays in
he collec ion, h ee ha e been p in ed in an ea lie Indo-Ge manic o onoma opoeic o m:
Michael Meie -B ügge , His o ical Linguis ics and I s Limi s (s. 151 […] 158 = Meie -B ügge
2010, […] 166 17 Lu z Reicha d , 162), Hans Bahlow's ollowe s (s. 159 […] 167 = Reicha d 1996)
Meie -B ügge 's con ibu ion is a he gene al- heo e ical and ouches on .a. Finally,
he e a e also ques ions abou he ( ela i e) ch onology o he succession o linguis ic
s a a in Eu ope. Bu he, like all he o he con ibu o s o his collec ion, comes o he
conclusion ha , o cou se, you ha e o use one o mo e p eposi ions. Non-Indo-Ge manic
languages in Eu ope will ha e o be eckoned wi h, bu wi h he cu en s a e o
esea ch and especially In iew o he na u e o Vennemann's esea ch, i is also no
possible o p o e a connec ion be ween his subs a e and any o he language amily.
Among he Indo-Ge manic con ibu ions is also he i s con ibu ion o he band, Pe e
198 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXX and Wol gang P. schmid, Me hodical ema ks on
ha aLd bichLMeie
he classi ica ion o old Eu opean languages (see 169 […] 180 = schmid 1998). The wo
con ibu ions om he 1990s a e, o cou se, comple ely ou da ed om an
Indo-Ge manic poin o iew, e en i he unde lying a gumen a ion canno be uled
ou as a ule: I should be no ed ha Vennemann did no suppo Bahlow's p oposals
o hyd onymy on any subs a es anyway. Howe e , in he a gumen a ion and
especially in he examples on which i is based, he e a e a ious ac ual e o s, such
wei e s ecken olg , die allgemein au wenig ane kennung ges oßen sind, wäh end
schmid .a. au egula i ä en im be eich des ablau s und de Wo bildung hin-
weis , die eben ypisch indoge manisch seien, weshalb sich spekula ionen zu i -
as in he able s. 174, in which o ma ions a e compiled o allegedly h ee
Indo-Ge manic oo s, which, o cou se, om oday's poin o iew belong a he o a
leas six ( ha is, wice h ee) oo s, and in which he sound le els o he (la e
Indo-Ge manic?) a e ne e se , which acco ding o e en wen y yea s ago in
Indo-Ge manic li e a u e has ne e been widely conside ed.
An ei e , hough s on he book by Theo Vennemann, Eu opa Vasconica […] Eu opa
Semi ica (s. 11[…]63). This e y es ained con ibu ion is he only one in his book ha
o e s Indo-Ge manic hal way up o oday's s anda d and wi h oday's s anda d. all he
e ymologies o e ed a e co ec (al hough no always he only ones concei able).
Howe e , i is es ic i e o add ha e en in his a icle he e a e qui e a ew a ian s
wi h oo (ou le ), swi el blood and so on. This is some hing ha could easily lea e a
eeling o "any hing goes" in he mind o a non-Indo-Ge man educa ed eade . Such
unmo i a ed a ian s a e gene ally no longe ecognised as possibili ies oday. Ano he
p oblem is ha some imes no oo meanings a e gi en, bu simply ansposi ions a e
c ea ed om he handed down wo d ma e ial acco ding o known ules, some imes
wi hou co ela ing hem wi h any o he e idence (e.g. econs uc ions). Ne e heless,
he con ibu ion clea ly shows ha Vennemann's assump ions and conjec u es o any
jü gen udolph (h sg.)
Eu opa Vasconica – Eu opa Semi ica? K i ische Bei äge zu F age
nach dem baskischen und semi ischen Subs a in Eu opa
199 ecenzijos e iews a e unnecessa y in o de o con adic any e ymological
p obabili y and a e he e o e as supe luous as hey will be alse. I is eally wo h
conside ing An ei e 's conclusion on […]aqualen in he p in d) ha his is no a e lex o
any non-Indo-Ge manic subs a e laye , bu belonged o an Indo-Ge manic laye ha jus
a“ (die e was zu ückhal ende auch schon on ez. geäuße wu de; gl. bichlmeie
showed he change *o > *a. I his happens in an a ea whe e languages ha e been o will be
spoken a e wa ds ha do no show his change (such as Cel ic and I alian), wo di e en
Indo-Ge manic laye s a e o be expec ed, so ul ima ely a leas wo wa es o immig an s
om speake s o Indo-Ge manic languages mus be expec ed (p. Howe e , i is s ange
ha his a icle, apa om isola ed names (mos ly di ec ly ci ed) o li e a u e, almos
en i ely omi s seconda y li e a u e. This diminishes he
The alue o he con ibu ion is conside able.
The longes Indo-Ge manic (in he b oade sense) con ibu ion o be named is ha o he
publishe o he band, Jü gen Udolph, Vaskonisches und Semi isches in Eu opa aus
namenkundliche Sich (s. 211[…]324). Howe e , i poin s ou he ypical weaknesses o
many o he au ho 's wo ks, such as he ollowing: I would like o ask he Commissione
whe he he is awa e o he ac ha he Commission has al eady d awn a en ion o i
on se e al occasions (see mos ecen ly Bichlmeie 2013a, 2013b) and ha he mos
se ious o hese is ha he Indo-Ge manic li e a u e o he las 50 yea s is p ac ically
no ecei ed. Consequen ly, all he au ho 's s a emen s on Indo-Ge man s udies a e
ul ima ely based on he p e-wa pe iod. This is pa icula ly e iden in his comple ely
ou da ed iews on he phonological sys em o U indoge manic, on he o ma ion o
wo ds a his s age o he language and he appea ance o accen s and sounds and he
ela ed ques ions o he seman ics o he espec i e o ma ions. I is no possible o
deal wi h all he p oblema ic poin s o he con ibu ion which all wi hin his a ea. This
would equi e a longe essay o i s own. A e all, a his poin an amazing pa allel in he
way o wo king wi h Theo Vennemann is no iced: ele an li e a u e is no
(app op ia ely) ecei ed. A ep oach which Udolph himsel epea edly add esses o
Vennemann in his a icle. Fo example, in his a icle, Udolph men ions se e al cases o
"consonan change", including his a o i e example o nhd. Hass . Hade (see also 241, 264,
306). By 'consonan change' he means an ob iously ee change o consonan s (especially
in he p onuncia ion o oo s), whe eas he oo s ha e he same meaning. The ac ha
he e e s o Hi (p. 256) shows once again he un imeliness o his admissions. This
publica ion is a longe sec ion in his monog aph on he Ge man p oblem (Udolph 1994,
51[…]118), o which he e e s se e al imes in his con ibu ion. Bu as o he weaknesses
o be no ed, he e a e inconsis encies in he ci a ion o o he au ho s (which Udolph ja
Vennemann also accuses) and in he ci a ion o examples: o example, s. 253 bichlmeie
200 ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXX al eady his o.a. Fa o i e example is w ong: his
ha aLd bichLMeie
wo d pai has long (a leas o 20 yea s) been aced back o wo seman ically
o iginally di e en oo s (*ka - ‘s ide, igh and *ad- all [LiV2 318], gg . also ‘ alling
down on; o u idg. *eh2d- ‘soul s i ed up [LiV2 319] o g . κῆδος ‘ca e, g ie ), whose
de i a ions ha e only been app oxima ed in Ge manic seman ics (kluge Seebold 1995/6,
349, 388, 381, 395, 398, 393, 398, iWa iV., 381, 383). A sys ema ic e iew o he
a o emen ioned sec ion om Udolph 1994 should ce ainly e eal a numbe o
compa able sho comings.
(2010, 16 .) is s ongly sho ened so ha he e he exis ence o a oo *el-ol is
undamen ally denied. I is co ec ha , om oday's poin o iew o Indo-Ge manic
s udies, he e should ne e ha e been a oo o he s uc u e o VKim in Indo-Ge manic,
bu his always had he minimum s uc u e o KVK, hence in his case jus u idg. *Hel(H)
is o be econs uc ed. The same applies, o cou se, o sec ions 225 . I 's no om one,
i 's om he mind. wo oo s o he s uc u e *He (H)- o go ou (mos likely come
*h1e - ‘whe e o ge (LiV2 238) and *h3e - ‘pu you sel (upwa ds) in mo ion (LiV2 299 .) in
ques ion, bu o he s can s ill come in o play, depending on whe he i is now abou he
designa ion o a wa e o a moun ain; he de i a ion o A nau's […]*e -(n)-[…]hill
ele a ion[…] [p. 240] is he e o e in any case inco ec ]. Bu since Udolph has no ecei ed
he las decades o Indo-Ge manic esea ch and has also s a ed: "I do no discuss a his
le el". (udolph 2013: 438), his ema k shows, in addi ion o he allegedly disc edi ing
p esen a ion o he quo ed, only once again his lack o Indo-Ge manic expe ise. A w ong
language assignmen occu s, o example, in he case o ma i- […]Vo gebi ge[…] o.ä. (p.
278), which is no Old Indian bu a he A es an (ba holomae 1904: 1112 .). A leas he
e ymology is co ec . The ac ha Udolph's olde Indo-Ge manic esea ch is no
pa icula ly well known is also e lec ed in he ac ha he s. and 303 in connec ion wi h
he won Ode and ela i es (see g eule 2008: 70 . [ he udolph no men ioned a i s ...] and
cu en ly bichlmeie in p in a, b and 38b dgn4 .) e e s o he caland-wacke nagelsche
su ix sys em (wi hou men ioning i by name) and quo es an essay by bloom ield om
1925, which in he his o y o esea ch de ac o plays no ole, bu does no play on he
beginning o he ecogni ion o he in e connec edness o he su ix u idg. * ound * u-
(and

jü gen udolph (h sg.)
Eu opa Vasconica – Eu opa Semi ica? K i ische Bei äge zu F age
nach dem baskischen und semi ischen Subs a in Eu opa
201 ecenzijos e iews u he ) al eady e e s in he 1890s (see bichlmeie 2008,
bichlmeie in p in c).
E en on a heo e ical le el, Udolph ails, so i i can' be ende ed in S. 275 Schen,
sch eib : „nu dann, wenn eine zu iedens ellende e klä ung aus dem hochdeu -
Ge manic, Cel ic o Old Eu opean, i can be aken o an e en olde language laye . I
would be co ec ha you don' ha e o do ha hen (a mo e co ec o mula ion can
be ound in S. 303), o cou se you can, because i is always possible ha a
" olk- imological" eseman iza ion o an olde name o m has aken place, which can no
longe be p o en wi h ce ain y only due o he ac ha he e a e no olde name
documen s. Much mo e, especially wi h ega d o a numbe o de ailed ques ions on
e ymologies, could s ill be men ioned, bu his would de ini ely blow he ame. Despi e
he a o emen ioned and o he sho comings in ha a icle, i is o cou se clea ha
Vennemann's wo k does no mee he expec a ions in e ms o me hodology and
scien i ic p ac ices ( ecep ion and e alua ion o ele an seconda y li e a u e,
e alua ion o p ima y sou ces, e c.). Howe e , he pa allels in he p ocedu e be ween
Vennemann and Udolph a e also ob ious.
Now, i i should be clea o any eade om he combina ion o he Indoge manis
con ibu ions which (un) ype o wo k Vennemann is in he ield o onomas ics, i is
equally clea ha he con ibu ions collec ed in his book, which a e in he
Indoge manis adi ion, a e all in one way o ano he mo e o less a behind wha is
s anda d in Indoge manism oday. In addi ion o he Indo-Ge manic aspec s, he
collec ion also con ains expe opinions on he Hami o-Semi ic languages and he
Basque language on Vennemann's s a emen s on hese languages o on he compa a i e
wo ds he used om hese languages. These a e he ollowing h ee con ibu ions:
joseba L. Laka a, on ancien Eu opean and he econs i ician compa a i e heo y (p.
325 […] 359). These h ee a icles make i clea ha Vennemann's compe ences in hese
a eas a e o a a he ques ionable na u e: hey a e compa able o Udolph's knowledge
uc ion o P o o-basque (s. 65–150), hayim y. sheyim, indo-eu opean, old-eu-
opean, and a asian, o con a Vennemann (s. 181–210), und aine Voig , eu-
opa semi ica? beme kungen zu Vennemanns semi (ohami )is isch-(indo)ge manis-
o Indo-Ge manic s udies: he ele an li e a u e is unknown, ins ead o his, ou da ed
and o en enough disca ded by he p o essional communi y is ci ed and becomes he
basis o a gumen a ion. Bu wha is much mo e ques ionable is Vennemann's
me hodological and Indo-Ge manic poin o iew is o add he e ha anyway he e is he
p oblem men ioned abo e, ha i you can make an Indo-Ge manic e ymology plausible
o a name, you can ac ually no (mo e) p o e in he eal sense ha he name mus ha e
202 ac a
ha aLd bichLMeie
Linguis ica Li huanica LXX
A p ocedu e which has been epea edly sugges ed o him by ea lie au ho s: he
chee ully compa es wha has been econs uc ed he e wi h wha has been
wi nessed he e, wi hou wo ying abou he appea ance o he p elimina y s ages
in he case o he wi nessed. In p inciple, he esea che conside s i a g ea honou
o sea ch o emnan s o he p e-Indo-Ge manic languages in Eu ope. Only i you
hen wan o compa e he Indo-Ge manic in Eu ope wi h Basque o Semi ic, you ha e
o do i a he same le el (which he au ho s o he h ee a icles also poin ou ), i.e.
you ha e o compa e all his a he le el o he 1s o e en 2nd p e-Ch is ian
millennium, o he wise no hing (o a mos some hing) can come ou igh . E e y hing
else would be like compa ing apples o pea s.
been o iginally non-Indo-Ge manic. The e is no poin in denying ha many o hese names
e use a simple Indo-Ge manic e ymology, bu his may also simply be because we a e
dealing wi h a language laye ha has no su i ed in he languages we know oday, bu
has been o e laid by hei p edecesso o ms (see abo e he commen s on he
con ibu ion o ide s), which is why we do no know hem well enough. Bu i you use
he me hods o oday's Indo-Ge manic s udies, you' e al eady a s ep ahead. The
conclusion o he olume is a con ibu ion o Ques ions o Gene ics (Jü gen Udolph,
Ques ions o Gene ic Resea ch, p. 361 […] 386), which consis s o an in oduc ion by
Udolph wi h a p esen a ion o Vennemann's in oduc ions o his p oblem and ha o
some o he au ho s as well as an in e iew by Udolph wi h wo gene icis s.
Un o una ely, we don' know he ime o he in e iew o he o m in which i ook
place (i looks mo e like a w i en in e iew, as he in e iewees o en e e o
"abo e"). he wo in e iew-
Pa ne s a e communica i e o a ying deg ees. The discussion deals wi h he e alua ion o
he gene ic esea ch unde aken by Vennemann and his s uden s o hei a gumen a ion.
should be used wi h he u mos cau ion, as di e en esul s may eme ge depending on which
als Quin essenz kann man da aus ielleich ziehen, dass man eigen lich diese
ma ke s a e examined, which can hen be in e p e ed di e en ly. In any case, he c ux o he
ma e is ha he absence o ce ain genes, ma ke s, and blood g oup cha ac e is ics may
well be summed up in he ollowing summa y o Vann's heses, which can be summed up as
ollows: hey a e dead. E en hough hey' e been in magazines o e and o e again. I'm no su e
ha 's he case, bu I'm no su e ha 's he case. And his will emain so a leas as long as he
jü gen udolph (h sg.)
Eu opa Vasconica – Eu opa Semi ica? K i ische Bei äge zu F age
nach dem baskischen und semi ischen Subs a in Eu opa
203 e iew e iews say some hing abou he p obabili y o an indi idual o g oup o
indi iduals belonging o a pa icula popula ion a a pa icula ime; O cou se, all o
his does no say any hing abou he language spoken by his g oup o indi iduals,
unless his g oup o indi iduals has also le w i en es imonies. (and his should no
change in he o eseeable u u e) since i is now a p esc ip i e pe iod in he case o
he (p onuncia ion o ) 'Al eu opean hyd onymia', he p obabili y ha one can
conclude om he p obabili y o g oup a ilia ion o be de eloped by a gene ic
cons ella ion o he language o his g oup is qui e low.
ad oca es o hese heses do no begin o b ing hemsel es me hodologically o he p esen
s a e o he indi idual b anches o his o ical linguis ics (whe he i is Semi ic, Indo-Ge manic o
Basque). Only in e es ing ideas a e no enough o science. I is eg e able, o cou se, ha
he compila ion p esen ed he e, which is qui e necessa y in i s en i e y, has appea ed wi h
such a s ong ime delay and hen con ains quali a i ely such une en con ibu ions. In he
mean ime, Vennemann's nex compila ion has long since been eleased: Ge mania Semi ica, be lin
[…] new yo k 2012. One can only wonde whe he his book will once again be coun e ed by a
compa able collec ion. Robe Mailhamme , Theo Vennemann: The Semi ic Componen o Ea ly
Ge manic Language and Cul u e, Be lin […] Bos on. Howe e , hey will also lea e no ace in he
se ious his o ical linguis ics and onomas ics excep o aised eyeb ows o be gman n ol
2011: he me hodological dilemma o in e e ence onomas ics. O is Al mühl a Ge man name? […]
Haub ichs, Wol gang Tie enbach, Hein ich (Hgg.) […] This is he i s ime I' e seen his. I 's called
in e e ence onomas ics. Names in G enzund encoun e spaces in his o y and he p esen .
ga Ve ände ungen bewi ken.
LITe ATu
ba olomae ch is ian 1904: Al i anisches Wö e buch. s assbu g: übne .
204 ac a
ha aLd bichLMeie
Linguis ica Li huanica LXX
Saa b ücken Colloquium o he Wo king G oup on he S udy o Names om 5.7. This is
Oc obe 2006. (Publica ions o he Commission o Saa land His o y and Popula Resea ch
43). Saa b ücken Commission o he his o y and esea ch o he Saa land, 29[…]44.
Wha do Cynewul and Kunibe ha e o do wi h Caland and Wacke nagel? O : he king is
dead, long li e he people? I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou . I'm no su e wha you' e
alking abou . S udies on li e a u e, language and his o y in Eu ope. Wol gang Haub ich o
he 65 h. Dedica ed o his bi hday. S . John o he C oss
This is a lis o uni e si ies in he Uni ed Kingdom.
bichlmeie ha ald 2010: Ba a ian-Aus ian place and wa e names om an Indo-Ge manic
poin o iew. […] Lea s o Uppe Ge man name esea ch 46, 3[…]63. Bichlme ie h a ald
2012: some selec ed p oblems o ancien Eu opean hyd onymy om he poin o iew o
mode n Indoge manis ics […] a plea o a new iew o hings. This is Ac a Linguis ica
Li huanica 66, 1147. I would like o ask you, M P esiden , whe he you a e awa e o he
ac ha he Eu opean Pa liamen has adop ed a numbe o amendmen s o he
p oposal o a di ec i e on he p o ec ion o wo ke s om he isks ela ed o exposu e o ca cinogens a wo k. This is Ac a Linguis ica.
Li huanian 68, 950.
bich lmeie ha ald 2013b: analysis and e alua ion o he linguis ic s anda ds o cu en esea ch o
a adi ional na u e on […]al eu opean hyd onymy[…] om he pe spec i e o oday's
Indo-Ge manic s udies. […] Nomencla u e in o ma ion 101/102, bichlme ie ha al d (in p in a): To he
397–437.
limi s o he possibili y o knowledge o he esea ch o he old s yle on he ancien Eu opean
hyd onym: ou da ed linguis ic concep s and my h o ma ion […] ep esen ed by wa e names om
Ba a ia and Aus ia (Ba a ian-Aus ian place names and wa e names om an Indo-Ge manic poin
o iew: pa 4: A e see and Sinn). I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou . I'm no su e wha you' e
alking abou . Ac s o he 7. Mee ing o he Wo king G oup on Ba a ian-Aus ian Naming Resea ch
(ABÖN) in Passau, Sep embe 2012. Regensbu g: edi ion Vulpes, 2014. Regensbu g: edi ion Vulpes, which
was published in 2014.
I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou . aδu, ap. adu-, he Caland-Wacke nagelsche su ix
sys em and he ancien Eu opean hyd onym. Annick Payne and Cy il B osch. This is
na-wa-i-ViR. I'm no su e ha 's a good idea. Celeb a ion o Helmu Nowicki on he 70 h
I 's you bi hday. Wiesbaden: Ha assowi z, 2014. Bichlme ie ha ald (in p in c): he
caland sys em and g eek. […] Giannakis, geo gios (also known as Giannakis). Encyclopedia
o Ancien G eek Language and Linguis ics. Leiden, Bos on: B ill, 2014. This is he i s
ime I' e seen i .
bichlme ie ha ald (im d uck d): Was kann man an lexikalischen und mo phologi-
elemen s om he so-called […]al eu opean hyd onymy[…]