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EI UlE l0B 4ucmumynT l3b Ko6 u Kynbnl)'p
uMe l
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AHol , 3 xapaKTepHb x p 4Me Hau e o BpeMeHl lBi le c
bypHb 4 p oc o6 n eHa a eHo ii 4 KoMMep ec o
Ko oMu {ec o , aAM 4H zc p noi.l au op u aqze i o oeapax
4 ycny ax, oKa3bIBaeMbIX Ha
MelKAyHapoAHoM { Ha l . oHai bHoM ypoB lx. IJ s o i cB 3u 3acny)K {Rae
np c anbHo o
B 4MaH - l
Ta ac b o6o:na- enu i, uc onb3yeMa l R coo Re c By o lu4x
AoKyMeHTax, Ko opa-a Ha3b Bae o6 -e <' , M 4pa ToBapoB,
yc y , oKa/ bHb x 4 Haq oHa b b x peanuil. 9ac o
no4o6Hn e o6o:na. eH . { l
TpaKTy o c KaK
HoMeHK -
Ha {MeHoBaH 4. , oAHaKo a yc no
a yp Hb e c
go6H x o6osua. e u ii n HayqHb x
ny6 l aquqx { B
TepM zHo/ o 4 {ecK x acc, e71oBa n- lx
AaleKo He onpeAe/ eH. B
g oi cB [.s 4
Hac o- ula- l pa6o a c aB {T ceoei qenb o HaMe . , ocHoBHb e,
na ,16onee pac poc paHeH b e il B c qecKl e o K 4
3pe 4 l
Ha oH lTp e "sol eu la' ypHb x Ha {MeHoBaH:ai ", " ol.eHxaa ypb " {
nbl- ic 4Tb o6 qee pa3I l4 oe B H 4x.
Bo-uepn , x, Mb
o b aeMc
<pa <u o6:op qpe3B ' qa iHo
peAc aB {Tb
OCHOBIILIX LIC' OpZqeCKH cIIO)KIIRIIII4XCq TO {eK 3peIII4 l IIO 3TOMy BOnpOCy.
Bo-n op , x, Mb npe/AIo)K 4M, KaK peACTaB - le c , Aoc a o {Ho
aKTyanbHoe
A - l/
- l3 ) Ko3Ha { cooc eeHHHoe peueH e Bonpoca o cocTaBe HoMeHK a-
TypHb x ual uenosanl i.
Pe ueH ae 3' o pacnpoc paH- le c- l Ha co :I b ceg { M} n oHb RecbMa
pa: oo6pas ' x
HoMeHK a' ypHb x eAVH aq
(n ac uoc u,6uono uqecK e u
TexHn {ecK e oMeHb ). pol e o o, oHo no3Bonae coxpaH 4Tb B./Hy peHH o o
qe/ b oc b oM€HK a' ypb KaK Teope 4 ecKo o o u u- l u Ha a oli ocB Be
ycHo4TbTo MecMeHK Ho a ypb B cI,IcMe c le l 4a/Anoc l .RHoi
uHoHoR uqTexecayui aexcunl u npe)K a n o6ea B :TaKo Kon
Kp ep 4TeB Ae eH 4 l
" olae <aa ypb
" xax oco6o o Knacca cnequanbHb x
Ha 4MeHosanu
(npuueu
KpxTepuu OC'IaIOTCJ{ eALIIILIMI,IIIIIII l CaMLIx pa3nI{lIIIbIX HaylII{bIX I LICI I.jIIIII4II
eMa { ec ux o6nac e .i /). HanoHe , oHo coxpaH- lL cgs3L c eKo opb M ,{
Tpalp quoH b M {K oMeHKJ aTypHb M HaIIMe oB2lH lM.
oAxol{aMl. I
'Ie n inologija
| 2006 | 1,3 33
Yuo pe6neH 4e c/ oBa HoMeHK amypa l:Bec Ho 3aAo o Ao K..Il anHeq
(1707-1778) u A., laKo eyaa e (I743-1794), npocyu{ec BoBa lo Heclb-
Ko BeKoB
3Ha eH 4 { s
3ToM
Ao o/ Ao Ha uux 71He i
(no cBuAe enbc By
A. [. Xa o 4Ha, c oBo HoMeHKnamypo o lRn le c-
B enpone ic ux - l3 ,IKax y)Ke B XVI-XVII nn. [Xa o us 1972: 1-ZD, uo
au nu cx a i < a oco$ 14 {c opuK HayK Y. Yesenbo i4-1866),
no-B 4Al Mo y, 6mn nepBb M, KTO o b anc eope 4qK ec{ oco3Ha b
3ToT K acc Hayuu eKc {K { B e o
po 4Bo oc aB eHlll4'MI4Ho epIo I4I,I (179 Y. Ygeenb, I4:eec b l; cBo lun
pa6o auu n o6nac Me oAono 4ll L c opl ec ec BeH lblx HayK (n
nepny o oqepeAb - 6 aoao au., x 4ML7k , M 4Hepano nu), eogHoKpa Ho
KacaKo e c l Heopb x npo6 l3b HayK { {, B {ac Hoc , Tep{
M _ae o uu Cogep)KaHne Haz6onee qac o -I lT 4pyeMo o paKTa a "
OznocoQ aa 4HAyKTI4BHb x
HayK, ocHoBaHHa . Ha x c op u" no3Bo l. e c Aoc a o Ho
4oc oBepHoc b o y Bep)KAa b, q o B HoMeHK a ypy xI4MI, LIecK . x 14
6nono u. ecKl x HayK Y. Yeee b BK oqae Ha3BaHl - l c {c eMa l4 u (pa-
3yMee c- l, coBpeMeHHo i e ' y, Y. Yeeen c) pac . enbHo o
)KzBo Ho o
M 4pa.
Y ec no e e o i cB 3 np 4Bec 4 HeKo opb e Bb cKa3bIBaH . { aBTopa.
"Iloneu <na ypa xnaccu( u aquonuo i HayKH - s o co6pauue uuen Bu-,qon,
Pogon l Apy x oApa3Ae. 'elaw " [Whewell 1967: 462] (n ge- eHoM / Hal -
C. u). " HanounuM, o epMuHono 4 l, - 3To 3b K A , l o 4ca l .a
o6 'ex oa, HoMeHK a ypa
- co6paune 4MeH
caM x o6beK os"
[Whewell 1967:535). K noueunna ype Y. Yseeab o Hoc He o bKo 4MeHa Bl AoB,
Ho MHo le Apy ue Ha3BaH 4- l npeAc aBu enei pac e bHo o 1 MUpa.
x( 4BoTHO o
Xn . ecxy o HoMeHK a ypy np 4 TaKoM noAxoAe coc aBn { o
pa3Hoo6pasHue Ha 4MeHoBaH 4- l Belqec B coeAlaueuui ( a : <e
coReplxeHHo He3aBuc Mo o l x/ o oxeH { i e axconol, u a). C oi TolIKL
3peHz l xl MnqecKue uampuil, Q-op, xnop, )uasoMemaH, auemamd,
cmeapuHola Kuc.iloma, o euHo1au Kuciloma, 0un emunznuoKcl M a, c)KeM, -
TepIHbI.Ka
HoMeHbI, amomuo il HoMep, cma6{unouo c Lsomonb , Q . u Aqnomau - M .
B o x<e BpeM l np 4 ipo xBo oc aB eH l "TepMla ,o o u -
HoMeHKJ aTypa" o3 l - l Y. Yaeens geo ic eeulaa l., a iHo .qa 14
npo l4Bope { 4Ba . B callol Ae e, c oguo c opoHb , e e o pa6o ax {Me o c l
KaK 6y4 o lp. lMb e Bb cKa3b BaH 4 o ToM, To HoMeHK IaTypa
o paHH {I, Rae cs Ha3RaH:z M l B lAoB. C gpy o i c opoHb ,
npu o Ko-ceMaHT {qecKoM o6cy>x4e- /
H 4 4 npo Bo oc aB euua " epn {Ho o l4- l - HoMeHKna ypa" Y. Yseen
l a qeelo BCBo3Bpaulae c q K TpaKToBKe HoMe K Ho a ypb , co ac o opo i 34
Cep ei [lenon I Homeux amypaue sus mepMuno] ozu ...
B Hee BK oi alo c aK)Ke Ha3BaH , Apy lx
6uono u. ecK x aKCoHoB poAoB, ce.n e ic e, o p AoB
-
4 T. . l) a pax oBKa cB 3aHa c pa3 uq 4eM
Me>l<Ay
- lsb KoM o ca: . . A oSnex a (cau Y. Yseenb uHo Aa 4c o b3ye TepMu/H
desc ip iue lc nguage, o ca e bu i xs x) 14 - l3b KoM, o opu i Mo)KHon
6no 6l Ha3Ba b - l3b KoMe ab BaH {- l o6 , Has. llepel i n o6pa3ye
epMnHo o ulo HayK l, n opo i - ee HoMeHKna ypy. "C e6nu, nucTbq, IIBe bI 14
n IoAbI pac euu u o Hoc- l q {ec K H M ac " o y 6 , ' c o/ b
pasHoo6pa3Hb oM 4, o6 qu i - l3b K coBep eHHo HeAoc a oqeH An l
Bb palKeHua o6e o 4 pa3n 4qHo o B 4x, - [ Y. Ygee . E zo an a no3ToMy
Hy)KAae c.a HC To bKo onpeAene no cnc eMe Ha3RaHI, pac e-
R
Hnii, Ho { B Bb pa} (eHuax
(ph ases).qna o 4caH l Hx. ac e i: He o , (o B oMe {Kl a ype, Ho l
B Tep d o/ o un (a , 4eneuo aBTopoM - C. ilI.)"
[Ysne 1869: lIpH e o u , oBop- l o HoMeHK a ype,
495].
Y. Y:eea HeoAHoKpa Ho noA epK ' Rae ee 6onee
np-aMylo coo HeceHHoc b c,qe ic' au enbHoc bK).
HenocpeAcTBe ' Hy o
AaHHoc b 3Ha eH { l
I oMeHoB
B no3HaH { 4. B coo se c B { c g , M HoMeHb 14M Tep4Hb o-pa3HoMy
BBoAq c{ B Hay Hu o6nxo,q. 3ua. enue HoMeHoB, co acHo Y. Yseen c, He
c o lbKo Quxc pye cx AeQuuzqueii, Ko opa-a yc aHaBn {Bae e o paH , qbl,
cKo bKo 4 l oc p pye c" lxuu-nu60 4 . q xaHb M peACB Ta4Te eM. Oso
He c o bKo o epa 4Bae c cHapy)K {, cKo/ bKo npeAbsB le cq ceoei
qeHTpalbHoil o. o ; o on 4cblBae cq He eMHo, q' o ueu:6e)KHo plcK lloqae c. l, a
eM, {To He . 3MeHHo BK oqae c- l B He o. B npo neo o/Io)KHoc b o oMy
epM Hono u-a 6onee opuel 4poBaHa
Ha,qeQuuu lu o, Ha Ao oBopeHHoc b. l4 ax, c o4uoi
c opoHb - HoMeHK a ypa KaK BCe Ha3 ,alaLl
c c eMa l KZ pacT e/ bHo o I/I M {pa, Bce
Ha3BaHu l pupoAHb x op aH . 3-
)Kp BoTHo o on, oco6ei ux coBoKy Hoc e , c 4py o i - "Ha3BaHu ,
o6naga olll e HenocpeAc seuHoi AaHHoc b o {x 3Ha eH {- B
o3HaHuu". 3aueu4M, {To
3T 4
ABa
TTOAXOAa
BTHypeHHe, B
paMKaX
TeOpeT {qecKOIO
eAT4HOIO B3 _ ,Aa/
Ha l3b K HayK 4 noo6 qe, ec ec BeHHb x HayK u 6nono u l, B ac Hoc a.
l loxo coBMec l4M . I4u epecHo, o np 3ToM geo ic eenHa{ no3nll} - l
Y. Yoeens o6yc onuaa pa3l { Hb e noH MaH { HoMeHKna ypb B Aanb-
He il eM.
Tax, cy qec BeHHo uoR e an B c aHoB IeHuI4 Hay {Hn
6uoao . ecK 4x a3Bas a i 6n n cB- l3aH cIeq'I'enbHoc b o /
K. IIuHHeq. C. u ae c l, o
B e o K/ accz. ec <o pa6o e "Species Plan a um" (I753 .) 6ul a 3a o) (eHb
ocHoRb aK Ha3b Baeno i 6uuapHo (uua. {e - 6 {HoM {a/ bHo i, 6 aHouu-
Te minologiia
| 2006
| 13 35
b anHoii) HoMe K a yp '
- o6o: e qeu le B /(ol)
pacle uil (no4uepnueu:
To (o nu4on) qepe3 poAoBOe Ha3uaH 4e 14 HeKoTop i l n B 4AoBo o
o' ilL q . Eeccnop ' M pegc aB e c o ax , q o n coBpeMe Hoi
6o aH . . ecno i u 3oo/ ol . qec oii uol eHK/ a ype, ocuoBaHHo i ua pa6o ax K.
J1zuues, a{3BaH KaK lpaB , lo, BJ J o c
B {AoB,
oco6b M B 4AoM
Ho, aq {u. Hayuuoe Ha3BaH 4e po4a o6osHaqae c oA} ,IM J a 4 {cK M
c/ oBoM, a a3naH e o Hocaule icq KHeMy ocnosHo i
c: c eMa 4 {KoTe iIOpI4[I - BI'IAa - yTo I _Tc l BTOpbIMOBOM,
CIT'Ta'IHKIK4 CeCKII OTHI-CI- M K K K epeoMy: Mai, mononb en (uc ulus
alba), 6c 6c 6c) n, n (Euc us uc al ( ), xc u'c unc us uc ilopil ( ), xn
(Ae:e n
egundo),
Kunapuc Ka uM upcKuii
(
Cup essus
co neyano), casap ca
e o)c caq
(B an a cc nadensis),
0peaecuan lugub is),
(Aneides canaMaHApa
xa ca}y udpua i
(P oboscige
a e imus), U nnx
)Ke moK { oeax
(Eg e a eulopho es) u . u. (a
3oo/ o l 4 pacnpoc paHe b
aK)Ke
a3BaH l a: pdx c/ oll
- TpzHoM 4a/ bHb e, ,qe nocnL'A L'e 4:l pex - Ha: BaH 4e ollB 4Ia: HanpnMep,
Kpb Mc cuil o eHb (Ce uus elaphus b aune i)). B opo i KoM oHeH B
6nazopo0uo il
Ha3BaHZ 3 4Te oM. lpa e ou eu a4a o6 uuo Ha3blBae c e o B 4lIoBbIM goso
B 4AoBb x o nus i eHl4 l; Blyq ueM c yqae o epeAae l b oAI4H . 3
3 4Te ', Aaxe ecnn oH Bb palKeH TepM {HoM, o H oAb He {cqep , pacBae
MHo x p 43HaKoB, coBep xeHHo oc au,T l l B TeH Bce oc ai bH e.
Hey4uBu e b o o3ToMy, q o Oco ca Ma oulemKoaan (Ca ex pauci lo a) lox<e
po 4Bonoc aB/ T l'c- coBceM se Oco ceozoulem co MHeoil(Ca ex plu i lo a), a
Oco ce xa c co)c o i
(Ca ex hakkodensis); MHo ca OcozousemKola l (Ca ex plu i lo a), B cBolo
oqepeAb, Mo) (e po zBonoc aB - bc- l Ocoxe monsuoil (Ca ex limosa) .
. B pa4e ci y aeB nu4oaoii 3Te ul pon3BeAeH o 4MeH n L
eo pa< u ecKp x na:saul ii: cp. Oco ca l qenuua (Ca ex gmelini) nu Keuuzus
ucnau)c cas (Koenigia islandica) (no He o op<b M AaHHbIM {c o TaK x
c yqaeB coc aBue 4o 20oh B 4-loBb x B"-
3 eloB s 6o a ane).
4onoil 3 e , TaK M o6pa:on, B Ha3BaH 4 BI4Aa He coo Hoc 4Tc- l c e o
6nono zqec o cy quoc b o, A l oH B 3qanno i Mepe ycnoBeH, a
xapaKp 4c uxoi, l geHlz(Haq zpy o o Bl AoB z6 Heeeu oc
pac eHl -
-
-
-
-
3 o
o ucaH 4e 14 3aKpenn eT cooTReTcTBy oilLee 3a B l AoBb M Ha3BaH eu.
Tax . u
:1]{a eH 4e o6pa; ou, s 6uoao zz oM Io4HaRRJ "ec ec Be llb x Bl B" olx/ a no
[y 4 BeII4aIeHIl l CuHKpel' l4:Ma HaUMeHOBaHI4 3a C eT IIOTep14IO e
aHa, l ll:l_N, a, 36 Ce.c i.p llle on Ho u ' xnumlpa c su meMuHo) 1 ?
I,Ibo Kpa Koe I ay lHqs FIa3BaH {e l} {Aa He
o pa)Kae e o o J q i n uy> Hl,
cIIeLlz nbHb e cpeACTBa, q' 'o6b ux
ycTaHoB lTb.
4aalHeii xeM oH e BuAa - KaK oc {oBHa ell H la B c {c eMe
)K BbIX H
Op aHI43MOB 3Ta I I'IX
KaTIeCTRL'HHbIIi
3ROIIOII14I4. KaK OC oIlHa'I
TaKCOTTOMT{qecKa l
Ka Te op 4 l e 6 4ollo Hqec
Ko c {c L MaT ,lKe
- l aHq]Io
leHTpal h oe
MecTo Ro Bceli 6uono u. ecKo i TaKcoHoM Ll, a Ha3BaH { l B {- AoB 3aH l l {
66n ' y o u oIa/Bn l o qy c L ac , Ha3Ba 4iTaB Ac4 npe)T K u BoT o o I4
pac{Te bHo oTe pa B 6 Mlo p u. 3 o no:eonJ eT peA-
IO IOX 4Tb, qTO R OCle[ {HeeBCKOe BpeM TepMUH oMeH ( aT).1)a, He
Tep - cBoe o [pe)K ]e o ilHaqe ,l l, npuo6pe ae exle oAHo. On Ha. unae yno p
e6laTbc J{ np e MyII{ecTBeHH o il 4c K. o TenbHo K Ha3Ba { qM BI AoB,
o6p a sy o q lx 6uuap y. o K Me y aq1y. 3 o np e4n o
)K H 4 o e
/
e
qac 4 {Ho
Mo)Ke 6 , ' nol BepxAeHo B3 'n la, A. C. Mnnas (1806- IB73),
coBpeMeHI Ka coo eqec Bel Ka Y. Y:eeaq. !. C. Mzn/ , 3Ha Y.
Yeeen l 14 F eolHoKpa o ccb / a cb Ha Hux, a "CIac el4e o l K 4
c l o uqec o 4 HnyKl nno i" pa36e pae eKo opb e 4: e o
noaoxenn . B lac ocTll, Kaca cb Bol poca o HoMc K/ a1', pe, oH
l 4 xeT:
"cloea HoMeH-
Knamy p( mep MuHo oz u
6onnu uuc BoM aBTopoe
yno pe6n o c- l o 'lu
6espasll uHo, 4
{-p K) n , iepBb i, HacKo/ bKo l 3Ha o,
np 4Aan s M AByM /
TepM 4 aM pa3i ul b e: Haqe 4 l.
Bnu4y o o, q o yc a oBJ eHHoe 4M
pa3qlnil e Me)I(Ay 3TLIM14 cJ oRaMI
I e MeIeic R 4TenbHoe /
LI Ba)K oe 3Ha c'Hue, HaM HaAo cneAona b e o p . uepy" [M aaa , 1899:
L
565]. O4ua <o Aa ee o poAoni (ae : "Flouc xaaTypy Mo)(Ho onpeAen 4Tb
KaK coBoKynHocTb na:sa uiiex BC ec eclBe b x pa3pqAoB, c
Ko opb M 4
HMee 4eno a
I4n 4 [pylag. OTpaCnb 3HaHI4 l, HnH, nyLIlIIe, BCeX HII3TIIIiX eCTeCTBeHHHITIX
pa3p lAoB (no4uep <uy o a{ - C.ilI.) - Tex "Hu:l 4x B AoB", Ko opue
MO yT, paApaBAa, no3Ac/ lTbc , o y) F e Ha ecTecReHb e
pa3p ~ , Ke4
KOTOpb e COOTBe'ICTRy O nOO6IIIe'IOMy,
qTO
B'c:TeCTBO3 aHx 4 Ha3b BaeTC l poc o "Bu4au " lMunn , 1899:
5651. l4 ax. Ha3BaH , , 3u x ec ec BeHHb x pa3p Aou
oT oc_ lTc I< oMe KilaTyp e) a a:JBaH q Bcex 'aKco oB
Bb l e B {AoBb x
(uaseauzx poAa, ceMe ic a, o p Aa. K acca
u . .)
npn'laKoM oAxo,qe
He o {oc lTc l ( oMeHK,' a ype u aK 4M o6pa: o , c
c-a
Kopee Bc e o, qB o qac b o 6 , o;
o u. ec o iM Tep Hono n . . cp.
M eKonu na cLLJue
-
xL uJHb e
- Kou aahu - KoLuKa
(Mammalia - Ca niuo a -
Felidae I'elis), M eKonumo culue
- npuMamil -
ye6u0oab e - pe6yH
(Mammal-
ia - P
es
im
- C ebi dae - Alou u), 0 ay)onaua e
- canuu0o6b e
- K eHo-
6b e
- x.aan -
(Dico y,le l<>nes
Sapindales - Ace uceae
- Ace ) . .
Te ninologiia
| 2006
| 13 37

4u epec uo, l o pa:lB ue x {M qec oi HoMeHK a yp b nou/ o
np 4Hu {n 4a bHo {H ' M, IpaKTua ecK 4 po ulBo oTe/ o (Hb M, nyM. B
u ec , geca b x oAax XVIII B. yc l. M a . 4e Mopeo, A.la ya '" u Ap / ocylqec -
B l e c l p eQopua x 4M 4 ecKoi nouennna ypb , zcxoA. i u as 143
np {H una, COIIaCHO KOTOpOMy Ha3BaHI4e OAHO3HaiIHo Ha
BeqeCTBa
AOnXHO e o coc aB. Ha:saHza x MaqecK , x Beqec B { coeAuHeHui ,
yKa3LIBaTb
xu uecKa-a HoMeHKJ a ypa, KaK npaB {/ o, 4 B HaL[u AH {coAep)Ka
MaKcL Myl auBe<]-,op " a u 4 o Be ec . coAepxaqe ic s e o x 4M {ecnoil
$op " yne, cp. cyna< uO Kanbuu l, MoHooKCuA neHmeoKcuE }uasoma,
mempa e.uun6opam
),znepoAo, Hampu l,
mempaeonozeHMemeH
B xu uq, TaK 4M
o6pa:om, HoMuHa 4 T. .
III4 l y)Ke OTKpbIT IX, a
TaK)Ke BnepBbIe O'IKpbIBaeMbIx
Vn Cl{HTe3I'IpyeMbIX
Be {ec B y u coeq HeH 4-
( o opax Mo J a 6u 6n aHa o oM ua eaHu i
"ec ec BeHHb x B . {AoB" n 6noao anl) no una coBep xeHHo lo npy oMy,
cKopee npo lBo olo)KHoMy, yT 4, - IIo yT 4 yMeHb xeH[_ l c 4HKpe: 3Ma
HaI4MeHOBall l l. 3a C eT BbII4IpbII Ia e O aHaII {T I3Ma, KO Aa pOT l)KeHIIOe
NO I{I4CNY CBOIIX TL'PMXHO3NCMCI{TOB HAYqHOC HA3BAH}IC B 3HAqUTC[bHOi
c e eH 4 o pa)Kae ny e o c pyK ypc <popuyny.
a-e 4uuoMy, aHaJ o l4 {F o, He o Hoc lTC K HoMeHKna ype (u e ol. ee
oH {Mann a!) { aHa oM 4 ecK 4e o6osua. en 'a uaseaHuiH uua zpe6e
louuama l, Mb LJaolau 0 uuuaquauauaua 1a l, np Mb ua 0ayznaaan n eka, 6eHa
6usanbue , 6eHa 6ea MeHmepH 3 HKH , se L Kol Kol z6Hao an, ny na 0Han6a
Ka 6Ka eoLuqe M.
ay e
Ba c ,e "Ho , esxaa ypa" Tpe be o 3qa i Bo; n oi coge cxopi cH {
{KnoneA la lp {BoA. l:
Tc J o
ABa 3Ha {L'HI4 3To
c oBa /
"Ho.H. esua ypa (na . nomenclc u a
- nepe. eHb, pocn 4cb a u eu), 1) cuc e u a (coeo ynuoc ) uasna:l:. :z L,
epM 4 oB, yno pe6 aeMb x B <a <oi-nu6o o paclu HayK {, TexHxKx; 2)
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Teln inologija
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