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TEPMI4HOIO I,I l VERSUS
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xapaKTepHb x p 4Me Hau e o BpeMeHl lBi le c bypHb 4
p oc o6 n eHa
o Ko oMu {ec o , aAM 4H zc p
a eHo ii 4 KoMMep ec
noi.l
au op u aqze i o oeapax 4 ycny ax, oKa3bIBaeMbIX Ha
MelKAyHapoAHoM
{ Ha l . oHai bHoM ypoB lx. IJ s o i cB 3u 3acny)K {Rae np c anbHo o
B 4MaH - l
Ta ac b o6o:na- enu i, uc onb3yeMa l R coo Re c By o lu4x
AoKyMeHTax,
Ko opa-a Ha3b Bae o6 -e <' ,
M 4pa ToBapoB, yc y , oKa/ bHb x
4 Haq oHa b b x peanuil. 9ac o no4o6Hn e o6o:na. eH .{ l
TpaKTy o c KaK
HoMeHK a yp Hb e
Ha {MeHoBaH 4. , oAHaKo
c
a yc no go6H x o6osua. e u ii n
HayqHb x ny6 l aquqx { B TepM zHo/ o 4 {ecK x
acc, e71oBa n- lx
AaleKo He
onpeAe/ eH. B g oi cB [.s 4
Hac o- ula- l pa6o a c aB {T ceoei qenb o HaMe . ,
ocHoBHb e, na ,16onee pac poc paHeH b e il B c qecKl e
o K 4 3pe 4 l
Ha oH lTp e "sol eu la' ypHb x Ha {MeHoBaH:ai ", " ol.eHxaa ypb " {
nbl- ic 4Tb o6 qee pa3I l4 oe B H 4x.
Bo-uepn , x, Mb
o b aeMc peAc aB {Tb
qpe3B ' qa iHo
<pa <u o6:op
OCHOBIILIX LIC' OpZqeCKH cIIO)KIIRIIII4XCq TO {eK 3peIII4 l IIO 3TOMy BOnpOCy.
Bo-n op , x, Mb npeA/Io)K 4M, KaK
peACTaB - le c ,
Aoc a o {Ho aKTyanbHoe
A/ - l
- l3 ) Ko3Ha { cooc eeHHoe peueH e Bonpoca o cocTaBe HoMeHK a-
TypHb x ual uenosanl i.
Pe ueH ae 3' o pacnpoc paH- le c- l Ha co :I b ceg { M} n oHb RecbMa
pa: oo6pas ' x
HoMeHK a' ypHb x eAVH aq
(n ac uoc u,6uono uqecK e u
TexHn {ecK e oMeHb ). Kpol e o o, oHo no3Bonae coxpaH 4Tb BHy peH-
H o o qe/ b oc b oM€HK/ a' ypb KaK Teope 4 ecKo o o u u- l u Ha a oli
ocHoBe ycTaHoB 4Tb MecTo HoMeHK./ a ypb B cI,IcTeMe c le l 4a/ Hoi uayuHo-
Tex uqecKo .i aexcunl u npeAno)K a n o6 qea:b Konb e Kp ep 4
Bb Ae eH 4 l
" olae <aa ypb
" xax oco6o o Knacca cnequanbHb x
Ha 4MeHosanu
(npuueu
KpxTepuu OC'IaIOTCJ{ eALIIILIMI,I /III l CaMLIx pa3nI{lIIIbIX HaylII{bIX I LICI I.jIIIII4II
eMa { ec ux o6nac e .i). HanoHe , oHo coxpaH- lL cgs3L c eKo opb M ,{
Tpalp quoH b M {
oAxol{aMl.I
K oMeHKJ aTypHb M HaIIMe oB2lH lM.
'Ie n inologija
| 2006 | 1,3 33
Yuo pe6neH 4e c/ oBa HoMeHK amypa l:Bec Ho 3aAo o Ao K. .Il anHeq
(1707-1778) u A., laeyaa e (I743-1794), npocyu{ec BoBa lo HecKo lb-
Ko BeKoB
{ s
3ToM 3Ha eH 4
Ao / o Ao Ha uux 71He i
(no cBuAe enbc By
A. [. Xa o 4Ha, c oBo HoMeHKnamypo o lRn le c-
B enpone ic ux - l3 ,IKax
y)Ke B XVI-XVII nn. [Xa o us 1972: 1-ZD, uo au nu cx a i < a oco$
14 {c opuK HayK Y. Yesenb (1794-1866), no-B 4Al Mo y,
6mn nepBb M,
KTO
o b anc eope 4qecK { oco3Ha b 3ToT K acc Hayuuo i eKc {K { B
e o po 4Bo oc aB eHl l4' epMI4Ho Io I4I,I.
Y. Ygeenb, I4:eec b l; cBo l-
un pa6o auu n o6nac Me oAono 4ll L c opl ec ec BeH lblx HayK
(n nepny o oqepeAb - 6 aoao au.,
x 4ML7k , M 4Hepano nu), eogHoKpa Ho
Kacae c l HeKo opb x npo6ae l3b Ka
HayK { {, B {ac Hoc , TepM {Ho/ o-
uu. Cogep)KaHne Haz6onee qac o -I lT 4pyeMo o
paKTa a " OznocoQ aa
4HAyKTI4BHb x
HayK, ocHoBaHHa . Ha x c op u" no3Bo l. e c Aoc a o -
Ho 4oc oBepHoc b o y Bep)KAa b, q o B HoMeHK a ypy xI4MI, LIecK . x 14
6nono u. ecKl x HayK Y. Yeee b BK oqae Ha3BaHl - l c {c eMa l4 u (pa-
3yMee c- l,
coBpeMeHHo i e ' y, Y. Yeeen c) pac . enbHo o )KzBo Ho o
M 4pa.
Y ec no e e o i cB 3 np 4Bec 4 HeKo opb e Bb cKa3bIBaH . { aBTopa.
"Iloneu <na ypa xnaccu( u aquonuo i HayKH - s o co6pauue uuen Bu-
,qon, Pogon l Apy x oApa3Ae. 'elaw " [Whewell 1967: 462] (n ge-
/ eHo HaM l - C. u)."HanounuM, o epMuHono 4 l, - 3To 3b K A , l
o 4ca l .a o6 'ex oa, HoMeHK a ypa
- co6paune 4MeH
caM x o6beK os"
[Whewell 1967:535). K noueunna ype Y. Yseeab o Hoc He o bKo 4Me-
Ha Bl AoB, Ho MHo le Apy ue Ha3BaH 4- l npeAc aBu enei pac e bHo o
1
x( 4BoTHO o
MUpa.
Xn u . ecxy o HoMeHK a ypy np 4 TaKoM noAxoAe coc aBn { o pa3Ho-
o6pasHue Ha 4MeHoBaH 4- l Belqec B coeAlaueuui ( a : <e coReplxeHHo
He3aBuc Mo o l x o/ oxeH { i e axconol, u a). C s oi TolIKL 3peHz l
xl MnqecKue uampuil, Q-op, xnop, )uasoMemaH, auemamd, cmeapuHola
Kuc.iloma, o euHo1au Kuciloma, 0un emunznuoKcl M
- HoMeHbI,
a, cKa)KeM,
amomuo il HoMep,
cma6unouo c Lsomonb ,
Q nomaqu {
u . A. - TepM IHbI.
B o x<e BpeM l np 4 ipo xBo oc aB eH l "TepMla ,o o u - HoMeHKJ a-
Typa" o3 l - l Y. Yaeens geo ic eeulaa l., a iHo .qa 14
npo l4Bope { 4Ba .
B callol Ae e, c oguo c opoHb , e e o pa6o ax {Me o c l KaK 6y4 o
lp. lMb e Bb cKa3b BaH 4
o ToM, To HoMeHK IaTypa o paHH {I, Rae cs Ha3Ra-
H:z M l B lAoB. C gpy o i c opoHb , npu / o Ko-ceMaHT {qecKoM o6cy>x4e-
H 4 4
npo Bo oc aB euua " epn {Ho o l4- l - HoMeHKna ypa" Y. Yseen
l a qe BCelo Bo3Bpaulae c q K TpaKToBKe HoMe K a ypb , co acHo o opo i
34 Cep ei [lenon I Homeux amypaue sus
mepMuno] ozu ...
B Hee BK oi alo c aK)Ke Ha3BaH ,
Apy lx 6uono u. ecK x aKCoHoB
-
poAoB, ce.n e ic e,
o p AoB 4 T. . l) a pax oBKa cB 3aHa c pa3 uq 4eM
Me>l<Ay
- lsb KoM o ca: . .A oSnex a (cau Y. Yseenb uHo Aa 4c o/ b3ye
TepMuH desc ip iue lc nguage, o ca e bu i xs x) 14 - l3b KoM, o opu i
Mo)KHo 6n no 6l Ha3Ba b - l3b KoM Hasb BaH {- l o6 ,e a. llepel i n o6pa-
3ye epMnHo o ulo HayK l, n opo i - ee HoMeHKna ypy. "C e6nu, nuc-
Tbq, IIBe bI 14 n IoAbI pac euu u o Hoc- l q {ec K H M
ac " o y 6 , '
c o/ b pasHoo6pa3Hb M 4,
o o6 qu i - l3b K coBep eHHo HeAoc a oqeH An l
Bb palKeHua o6 qe o 4 pa3n 4qHo o B 4x,
- [ e Y. Ygee . Eo an z a
no3ToMy Hy)KAae c.a HC To bKo
R
onpeAene no cnc eMe Ha3RaHI,
pac e-
Hnii, Ho { B Bb pa} (eHuax
(ph ases).qna o 4caH l Hx. ac e i: He o , (o B
oMe {Kl a ype, Ho l B Tep d o/ o un (a , 4eneuo aBTopoM - C. ilI .)"
[Ysne 1869:
495].
lIpH e o u ,
oBop- l
o HoMeHK a ype, Y. Y:eea HeoAHoKpa Ho noA ep-
K ' Rae ee 6onee np-aMylo coo HeceHHoc b c ,qe ic' au enbHoc bK).
Henoc-
peAcTBe ' Hy o
AaHHoc b 3Ha eH { l
I oMeHoB
B no3HaH { 4.
B coo se c B {
c g , M HoMeHb 14 TepM 4Hb o-pa3HoMy BBoAq c{ B Hay Hu o6nxo,q.
3ua. enue HoMeHoB,
co acHo Y. Yseen c, He c o lbKo Quxc pye cx AeQu-
uzqueii, Ko opa-a yc aHaBn {Bae e o paH , qbl, cKo bKo 4 l oc p pye c" l
xaxuu-nu60 4 . qHb M peACTaB 4Te eM.
Oso He c o bKo o epa 4Bae c
cHapy)K {, cKo/ bKo npeAbsB le cq ceoei qeHTpalbHoil o. o ; oHo on 4-
cblBae cq He eM, q' o ueu:6e)KHo plcK lloqae c. l,
a eM, {To He . 3MeHHo
BK oqae c- l B He o. B npo neo o/Io)KHoc b o oMy epM Hono u-a 6onee
opuel 4poBaHa
Ha,qeQuuu lu o, Ha Ao oBopeHHoc b.
l4 ax, c o4uoi c opoHb - HoMeHK a ypa KaK BCe
Ha3 ,alaLl c c eMa l -
KZ pacT e/ bHo o I/I
)Kp BoTHo o
M {pa, Bce Ha3BaHu l pupoAHb x op aH . 3-
on, oco6ei ux coBoKy Hoc e , c 4py o i - "Ha3BaHu , o6naga olll e
HenocpeAc seuHoi AaHHoc b o {x 3Ha eH {-
B o3HaHuu". 3aueu4M, {To
3T 4
ABa
TTOAXOAa
BHyTpeHHe, B
paMKaX eAT4HOIO
TeOpeT {qecKOIO
B3 / _ ,Aa
Ha l3b K HayK 4 noo6 qe, ec ec BeHHb x HayK u 6nono u l, B ac Hoc a.
l loxo coBMec l4M . I4u epecHo, o np 3ToM geo ic eenHa{ no3nll} - l
Y. Yoeens o6yc onuaa pa3l { Hb e noH MaH { HoMeHKna ypb B Aanb-
He il eM.
Tax, cy qec BeHHo uoR e an B c aHoB IeHuI4 Hay {Hn 6uoao . e-
cK 4x a3Bas a i 6n n cB- l3aH
c /Ieq'I'enbHoc b o
K. IIuHHeq. C. u ae c l, o
B e o K/ accz. ec <o pa6o e "Species Plan a um" (I753 .) 6ul a 3a o) (eHb
ocHoRb aK Ha3b Baeno i 6uuapHo (uua.{e - 6 {HoM {a/ bHo i,
6 aHouu-
Te minologiia
| 2006
| 13 35
anbHoii) HoMe K a yp '
- o6o: e qeu le B /(ol]
pacle uil (no4uepnueu:
To (o nu4on) qepe3 poAoBOe Ha3uaH 4e 14 HeKoTop i l n B 4AoBo o
o' ilL q . Eeccnop ' M pegc aB e c o ax , q o n coBpeMe Hoi
6o aH . . ecno i u 3oo/ ol . qec oii uol eHK/ a ype, ocuoBaHHo i ua pa6o-
ax K. J1zuues, {a3BaHH
B {AoB,
KaK lpaB , lo, BJ J o c
oco6b M B 4AoM
HoM , aq {u. Hayuuoe Ha3BaH 4e po4a o6osHaqae c oA} ,IM J a 4 {cK M
c/ oBoM, a a3naH e
o Hocaule icq K HeMy ocnosHo i c: c eMa 4 {ecKo i
KaTeIOpI4[I - BI'IAa - yTo I _ leTc l BTOpbIM CITOBOM, CI'IHTaKCI4 IeCKII OT-
Hoc- ul Mc K epeoMy: Ha p Mep,
mononb 6enaii (Populus alba), 6epec-
cnem 6opo)aa,lama i (Euonymus ue ucos( ), cnb'u
xanuclopuuilc cuil
(Ae:e
n egundo),
Kunapuc Ka uM upcKuii
(
Cup essus
co neyano), casap ca
aua)c caq
(B an a cc nadensis),
canaMaHApa 0peaecuan
(Aneides
lugub is), xa ca}y
udp-
ua i (P oboscige
a e imus),
U nnx )Ke moK { oeax
(Eg e a eulopho es) u
. u. (a 3oo/ o l 4 pacnpoc paHe b
aK)Ke
a3BaH l a: pdx c/ oll
- TpzHo-
M 4a/ bHb e, ,qe nocnL'A L'e 4:l pex - Ha: BaH 4e ollB 4/Ia: HanpnMep, Kpb M-
c cuil
6nazopo0uo il
o eHb (Ce uus elaphus b aune i)). B opo i KoM oHeH B
Ha3BaHZ
a4a o6 uuo Ha3blBae c e o B 4lIoBbIM
3 4Te oM. lpa e ou eu-
goso 3 4Te ',
Aaxe ecnn oH Bb palKeH TepM {HoM, o H oAb He {cqep , Bae
B 4AoBb x o nus i pac eHl4 l; B lyq ueM c yqae o epeAae l b oAI4H . 3
MHo x p 43HaKoB, coBep xeHHo oc au,T l l B TeH Bce oc ai bH e. Hey4u-
Bu e b o o3ToMy, q o Oco ca
Ma oulemKoaan (Ca ex pauci lo a) lox<e
po 4Bonoc aB/ lT 'c- coBceM se Oco ce MHozoulem coeoil(Ca ex plu i lo a),
a Oco ce xa c co)c o i
(Ca ex hakkodensis); Oco ca MHozousemKola l (Ca ex
plu i lo a), B
cBolo oqepeAb, Mo) (e po zBonoc aB - bc- l
Ocoxe monsuoil
(Ca ex limosa) . . B pa4e ci y aeB
nu4oaoii 3 ulTe pon3BeAeH o 4MeH
n L eo pa< u ecKp x na:saul ii: cp. Oco ca
l qenuua (Ca ex gmelini) nu
Keuuzus ucnau)c cas (Koenigia islandica) (no He <o opb M AaHHbIM {c o
TaK x c yqaeB coc aB/ue 4o 20oh B 4/loBb x
3 eloB s 6o a ane).
B"-
4onoil 3 e , TaK M o6pa:on, B Ha3BaH 4 BI4Aa He coo Hoc 4Tc- l c e o
6nono zqec o cy quoc b o, A l
Hee oH B 3Haq a eanno i Mepe ycnoBeH, a
xapaKTep 4c uxoi, l geHlz( zq zpy o qeii Bl AoBb e oco6eu oc pac eHl l
{/ 4
x(l BoT {o o, He
Mox(eT cJ y)K {Tb e o HoMeHKlaTypHoe Ha MeHoBaH {e:
e 3 oii < yul q z Mo)Ke R , c yna b zil b c equanbHoe e o o[ucaH . e,
Ha3b BaeMoe B coBpeMeguo i ayKe e o nua Ho:ou. 3 o o ucaH 4e 14
3a-
Kpenn eT cooTReTcTBy oilIee
:1]{a eH 4e
3a B l AoBb M Ha3BaH eu. Tax . u
o6pa;ou, s 6uoao zz oM 4Haql J
"ec ec Be llb x Bl IoB" olx/ a no [y 4
Be/II4aIeHIl l CuHKpel' 4:lMa HaUMeHOBaHI4 3a C eT IIOTep14 e IO aHa, UTll:l_N, a,
36 Ce.p c i
llle on Ho u ' xnumlpa c su.s mepMuHo) o? 1 .
I,Ibo Kpa Koe I ay lHqs FIa3BaH {e
l} {Aa He o pa)Kae e o o J q i n uy> Hl,
cIIeLlz nbHb e cpeACTBa,
q' 'o6b
ux ycTaHoB lTb.
B 4aalHeii xeM oH e BuAa - KaK oc {oBHa ell H la B c {c eMe
)K BbIX
Op aHI43MOB
H KaTIeCTRL'HHbIIi
3Ta I I'IX 3ROIIOII14I4. KaK OC oIlHa'I
TaKCOTTOMT{qecKa l
Ka Te op 4 l e 6 4ollo Hqec
Ko c {c L MaT ,lKe
- l aHq]Io
leHTpal h oe
MecTo Ro Bceli 6uono u. ecKo i TaKcoHoM Ll, a Ha3BaH { l B {-
AoB 3aH l l { 66n ' y o u o/IaBn l o qy c L ac , Ha3Ba 4i npeAcTaB 4Te/ e i
)K u BoT o o I4 pacT {Te bHo o Ml pa B 6uono p u. 3 o no:eonJ eT peA-
IO IOX 4Tb,
qTO R OCle[ {HeeBCKOe BpeM TepMUH oMeH ( aT).1)a, He
Tep - cBoe o [pe)K ]e o ilHaqe ,l l, npuo6pe ae exle oAHo. On Ha. unae
yno p e6laTbc J{ np e MyII{ecTBeHH o il 4c K. o l TenbHo K Ha3Ba { qM
BI AoB, o6p a sy o q lx 6uuap y. o oMe K a yq1y . 3 o np e4n o
/
o
)K
e
H 4
e
qac 4 {Ho
Mo)Ke 6 , ' nol BepxAeHo B3 'n laM ,
A. C. Mnnas (1806-
IB73), coBpeMeHI Ka
coo eqec Bel Ka Y. Y:eeaq. !. C. Mzn/ , 3Ha
Y. Yeeen l 14 F eolHoKpa o ccb / a cb Ha Hux, a "CIac el4e o l K 4
c l o-
uqec o 4 HnyKl nno i" pa36e pae
eKo opb e 4:
e o noaoxenn . B
lac ocTll, Kaca cb Bol poca o HoMc K/ a1', pe, oH l 4 xeT:
"cloea HoMeH-
Knamy
p( mep MuHo oz u
6onnu uuc BoM aBTopoe yno pe6n o c- l o 'lu
6espasll uHo, 4
/{-p K) n , iepBb i, HacKo/ bKo l 3Ha o,
np 4Aan s M AByM
TepM 4 aM pa3i ul b e : Haqe 4 l.
Bnu4y o o, q o yc a oBJ eHHoe
4M pa3-
nilql e Me)I(Ay 3TLIM14
cJ oRaMI
I Mee /Ieic R 4TenbHoe
LI Ba)K oe 3Ha c'Hue,
L
HaM HaAo cneAona b e o p . uepy" [M aaa , 1899: 565]. O4ua <o Aa ee
o poAoni (ae : "Flouc xaaTypy Mo)(Ho onpeAen 4Tb KaK coBoKynHocTb
na:sa uii BCex ex ec eclBe b x pa3pqAoB, c
Ko opb M 4
HMee 4eno a
I4n 4 [pylag. OTpaCnb 3HaHI4 l, HnH, nyLIlIIe, BCeX HII3TIIIiX eCTeCTBeHHITIX
pa3p lAoB (no4uep <uy o aM {
- C.ilI .) - Tex "Hu:l 4x B AoB", Ko opue
MO yT, paBAa, noApa3Ac/ lTbc , o y)Ke F e Ha ecTecTReHHb e
pa3p /{ ) , 4
KOTOpb e COOTBe'ICTRy O nOO6IIIe'IOMy,
qTO
B C'c:TeCTBO3 aHx 4 Ha3b BaeTC l
poc o "Bu4au " lMunn , 1899: 5651. l4 ax. Ha3BaH ,
, 3u x
ec ec -
BeHHb x pa3p Aou oT oc_ lTc I< oMe KilaTyp e) a a:JBaH q
Bcex 'aK-
co oB Bb l e B {AoBb x
(uaseauzx poAa, ceMe ic a, o p Aa. K acca
u . .)
npn'laKoM oAxo,qe
He o {oc lTc l ( oMeHK,' a ype u aK 4M o6pa: o ,
c
Kopee Bc
e o, qB o
c-a
qac b o 6 , o; o u. ec o i TepM Hono n . . cp.
M eKonu na cLLJue
- xL uJHb e
- Kou aahu
- KoLuKa
(Mammalia - Ca niuo a -
Felidae I'elis), M eKonumo culue
- npuMamil - ye6u0oab e
- pe6yH
(Mam-
malia - P
im
es
- C ebi dae - Alou u), 0 ay)onaua e
- canuu0o6b e
- K eHo-
6b e
- x.aan
(Dico y,le l<>nes
- Sapindales - Ace uceae
- Ace ) . .
Te ninologiia
| 2006
| 13 37

4u epec uo, l o pa:lB ue x {M qec oi HoMeHK a yp
b nou/ o np 4Hu {-
n 4a bHo {H ' M, IpaKTua ecK 4 po ulBo o/ o (Hb M, nyTeM. B u ec , geca-
b x oAax XVIII B. yc l.M a
. 4e Mopeo, A. /la ya '" u Ap. ocylqec -
B l
e c l p eQopua x 4M 4 ecKoi nouennna ypb , zcxoA. i u as 143 np {H una,
COIIaCHO KOTOpOMy Ha3BaHI4e
BeqeCTBa
AOnXHO
OAHO3HaiIHo
yKa3LIBaTb
Ha
e o coc aB. Ha:saHza x MaqecK , x Beqec B { coeAuHeHui , xu uecKa-a
HoMeHKJ a ypa, KaK npaB {/ o, 4 B HaL[u AH {
coAep)Ka MaKcL Myl
au<]-,op " a-
u 4 o Be ec Be. coAepxaqe ic s e o x 4M {ecnoil $op " yne, cp. cyna< uO
Kanbuu l, MoHooKCuA
),znepoAo,
neHmeoKcuE }uasoma, mempa e.uun6opam
Hampu l, mempaeonozeHMemeH
4 T. . B xu uq, TaK 4M
o6pa:om, HoMuHa-
III4 l y)Ke OTKpbIT IX, a TaK)Ke
BnepBbIe O'IKpbIBaeMbIx
Vn Cl{HTe3I'IpyeMbIX
Be {ec B y u coeq HeH 4-
( o opax Mo J a 6u 6n aHa o oM ua eaHu i
"ec ec BeHHb x B .{AoB"
n 6noao anl) no una coBep xeHHo lo npy oMy,
cKopee npo lBo olo)KHoMy, yT 4,
- IIo yT 4 yMeHb xeH[_ l c 4HKpe: 3Ma
HaI4MeHOBall l l. 3a C eT BbII4IpbII Ia e O aHaII {T I3Ma, KO Aa pOT l)KeHIIOe
NO I{I4CNY CBOIIX TL'PMXHO3NCMCI{TOB HAYqHOC HA3BAH}IC B 3HAqUTC[bHOi
c e eH 4 o pa)Kae
e o c pyK ypny c <popuyny.
lo-e 4uuoMy, aHaJ o l4 {F o,
He o Hoc lTC K HoMeHKna ype (u e ol.
ee oH {Mann a!) { aHa oM 4 ecK 4e o6osua. en 'a uaseaHui Mb uua
zpe6euuama l, Mb LuLJa 0 uuuaq npuaolau1a l, Mb u ua 0ayznaaan n eqa, 6eHa
6usanbue , 6eHa
cezMeHmepHa 3b uKola HLuKH , seHa LueilHan zny6o an,
0
ay e
na eo nyqe 6a cy MKa.
B c a ,e "Ho , esxaa ypa" Tpe be o 3qa i Bo; n oi coge cxopi cH-
{ {KnoneA la lp {BoA. l
Tc J
ABa 3Ha {L'HI4 3To
o c
/ oBa
:
"Ho.H. esua ypa (na . nomenclc u a
- nepe. eHb, pocn 4cb a u eu),
1) cuc e u a (coeo ynuoc ) uasna:l:.:z L,
epM 4 oB, yno pe6 aeMb x B
<a <oi-nu6o o paclu HayK {, TexHxKx; 2) cuc e u a a6c pa nux u yc-
noBHb x c {MBo/ oB, Ha3 a eH {e
xo opo i Aa b MaKC 4Ma bHo
yAo6Hoe c
paKT 4 ec oil o. z :JpeH { l
cpeAc no 4ax o6o:Haqe 4 npeAMe' oB".
Cxa:auuoe o3Bo - le c lopuynllpoBa' b, uo <pailueii Mepe, Tp . pa3/ {q-
Hb x oHnMa]H] .
HoMeHK a ypn : 1) oMeHK a ypa KaK coBoKyn oc )
HayqHb x ua:eaH ai Bcex py ln lpe71cTaB 4 eae i
pac l{TenbHo o 14 }I(u-
Bo Ho o Mxpa; 2) o 'leu <na ypa KaK coBoKy {oc b o6o:na. eH a onn <o
"H l3 uux ec ec BeHHb x
pa3p Ao " (e 6 o o u, Ha pl{Mep,
B Ka {ec Be
TaKOB TX
B , CTynaIOT 6 aUOl auanb lb e H33B2Hl1 B {AOB )K lBbIX Op aHU3-
uon); 3) Ho u euua' ypa KaK coBoKy Hoc b o6o:Ha. eHni, n e oulz :
Ka ec Be csoe i qac x HeKo opb e l{oc a oqHo yc/ oB b e o6o3 , a. eHu l
3
8 Ccplcii Llle on I lTomeux. nm)'pa ue sus
mepMuHonozul
Tex oH. lTui, KoTopb e'
cTo T 3a cooTBeTcTBy oilI lM 4 o6o3Ha. eH M { B
IenoM.
Tax. e exH , Ke
K HoMeHK/ a ype exF qecKux uzgenui o Hoc ', Hanpu-
., ep, < yHnq oHu py cu{ 4e B npoMbl uneHHocT { Top oB/ e Ha MeHoBaH 4.
MexaH , 3MoB
{ Ma {H, {x AeTa/ e i,
annapa oB, TexHu ecK 4x yc po ic e
1 x y3 oB { T. ., Ko opb e 4Me o B Ka {ec Be
ceoe i n opo i qac Ao-
c a o Ho yc oBHb e "q3 xosue 3TuKe K .{", cp. q nQa MT3 80. noAluun-
uu c 80301, Hacoc
MIII 3A, HacaAKu Kii che 310, co* npeccop
BII2-10/9,
auemuneHoaa il zeuepamop
EAKC- 1, aamoh o1una
KamA3-43 1 7
4, camonem
"EoL HZ
717" u . n. "K HoMe K la ype Mo)KHo o Hec 4 (u o6 uuo o Ho-
c a ) c nuc xl{ Ha} M e H
o sanui . u z
ge
nui a <o o-n 60 oAHo o p eAnp . q 4 l
(Hanp a u ep,
BCe MoAen { TpaKTopoB ollHo o 3aBoAa
" lT3"), ToBapoB Ka-
xo o-nu6o Ma a3 ,lHa,
cop oB, T. e. ucKycc BeHHo Bb BeAeHHh x pa3HoB {A-
oc e i pac euu i (uanp auep, < py on)", - n alue B. M. Ieil. ux [Ilei un
I974: 791. Mo; <Ho lo a a b, o ycnoBHue o6oesa. esus. MT3 80, 80301,
MI I 3A, Kii che 310, B II2-10/ 9, EAKC-1, KamA3-43114, "Bou uz
747" s
np 4BeAeHHb x
b e
p {Mepax ecTb e "a6c paKTHb e
4 ycloBHb e c {M-
Bo/ b .
Ha3Ha eHl e
Ko opb x Aa b MaKc 4Ma bHo
}/Ao6uoe c npa c uuec o
ToqK l 3peH 4- l cpeAc Bo gna o6oena eH , - l npeAMe oB", xo op e yno-
M Halo c- l B
onp e11eneHZ 4 HoMeHKna ypb , co lac Ho Eo ,u o c
oBe c
Ko i
3HU , K/IOIIe,UI414.
B gan 'ueiu eM l 3 o)(eH { MbI 6yge 'l oRopu b o HoMe Kl a ) )el, o-
Me K/ aT)ape2 L oMe J aT) pe3, cooTBeTCTBeH o, a ynoM. HyTy o Bb xe
Aoc a o {Ho yc noBHy o qac b {oMe K. a )4)Ho o o6osHa. e n , 6yAeu
Ha3b BaTb oMeH (/ aTyl H ' M oKa 3aTeneu (Hnu oMe K aTn ' M
MapKepoM). llp" 3' oM Bb - lB e nb e {c opuqecKIl c o)K B x14ec l pa3nu! -
Hb e
paKToBK , lp BCei 4x HecoBMec 4Moc {, RCe xe 4Me o
qen i px4
o6qu MoMeHToB, 3-3a Ko opblx 4x {ac o KoHTaM 4H 4py o ,
Ho Mb F e
6yae nl Ha 3ToM oc aHaB Ba bc- l, a 6oaee noqpo6uo paccMo p {M oqep-
Ie H HO e BbIIIIe IOH- l TI4e IOMeIIK IaTyI bI3.
Kp u ep uu, R , 4e J a oilI 4e oMe K ila py 1 u: o6qe o p- l
.4a
c nell 4a b-
o .
nex.c z <I4
HayqHo-TexHl4 {ecKo o xapaKTepa, / e)Ka aK)Ke B l L Hl lc-
l . ec <o nnocKoc !{. 3 u Kp 4Tepl 4
coo Hoc- lTc l
He o/ bKo c Bo pocoM
". o o6o3uaqae cs?" (c npegnonolKn e bHb M o Be oM - ac Hble-
oH lT {- l
4auHoi oSnac 3HaHn , o6pa:y oul ae oM Ha 4B b e
p- lAb ,
o Hoc- lnluec- l
K oA oMy 6o ee o6qeuy uou u o), Ho { c sonpocoM "xa o6o:naqae -
c ?" (c lpeAlo ox( {Te b b M o Be oM - AByxKoM oH€HTHb M
o6paso ,
Te minologija | 2006 | 13 39
Ae nepBbII4 KoM o e ooo3HallaeT c IeIILIa b oc poAoBoe oHg' e,
oo-
lee Ilq Rce o HoM {HaTVBHo o pq/Ia, a l} opoii AocTaTol Ho
ycl oBHoe
llJ coo Be c By oqeii 'eMa qecno i o6nac l o6o3 aqeH 4e
BHe uHelo
np 43 aKa).
YcloeHoc b Bb 6opa 3ToIo l p . 3HaKa.
no-B {A {MoMy, 4Me/
B
u 4Ay . O. Buuo <yp, olMeqal: "lloueny laun , i.i npeAMe a3naH
' 'aK,
a
He aqe,
AJ
HoMeH (na ypF b x o6o3HaqeHui. 6oaee l n MeHee 6e:pa:l-
/ {qHo, To Aa Ka ( I/ J TepM .IIIa, cTpeMaIIIe ocx o6na,4aTb oC Mb C/ eH loi,i
BHy pe e
Qopno , o o o e b
nax , ii B() poc.
C s uu cB 3aHo
qac o
a6l o,4a o leec l c peM/ eHue K :]aMeHe HoMeHK/ el yp
pa3Ho o poAa c {c-
eMaM 4
no4oe" [Buuoxyp 1939: 8].
Paccl o peHHb e oqKI 3peH .I
a : ,IKoeol)i Ma ep lan o3llo/ e' c0op-
Myn {poBa b cJ eAy}oulee
Ton (oBa }1c
oMc'HKnaTyPHo o
Ha}lMeHoBaHl s,
Ko opoe Moxe 6 ,l '
npu a' o, lo xpa ue i Mepe.
KaK
oII o i3 lo3Mo)KH Ix
BHy pen c
nocJ eAoBa p ,H X
no, oxe nii. lh lle; oul x o poMHl, i..i na.
c
n
equanbHb x l 3b KoBb x eA 4HnII
HayLIHo-'
exHuqec
Ko o apaK' eP
a.
HoneHxaa ypHoe Ha lMeHoBa le (uoueH) - 3To epMnHono u-
qecKoe o6osHa. eHne qac Ho o c[e {} anbHo o oHq {q xaxo i-
; u6o o6nac u 3Ha u , A cqu nll ' eMa ecxo i o6aac l,
(oTopoe cocTOI,IT I.I3
AByx J e (c lKo-cI,I Ta (c ec ( D( (oM oHe ToB,
cli laTaKc aqecK l nanHn i l- 3 Ko op D( - lBn e c-lI epM iHoM, c/ oBoM
il c no 'o,c oqe a H e u o6 4e
o l 3 ' Ka . o6o3 a. ae c e
qua,' b oe
poAoBoe o q ne gaH o i o6nac a, a c l a (cnqecK oA , HeH-
n i xoi noHeHT l p' le c l. ycl oBH ' M, BHe nM (4n 4aH o i o6-
ilac w su an. l.
A l, o6o:Ha. eHus coo Be c By ou{e o uo x u )
3 a (oM (ue xo i, "3T lKe Koii") ^ c,Ty) ( lT An l R Ae,Te l l [ 3 poAo-
Bo o loH l lMeHHo AaHHo o ac Ho o oH l , QuxcupyeMo o
B C equa,' ,H , x olp caH lx, To, (oRaHuxx, g,esn llq { ix . . .
C u axc qec K l oAql e Hn il gna x- KoM oHe oMe H (/ a-
T)apHo o a MeHoB an 4 l (n e a op lqecKn yuo pe6aeHHoe cnoBo
I{,'IIII C/IOBOCOIIETAIIIIC O6UICTO l3T'IKA, AHTPOIIOHIIIM T{ilLI TOIIOTIHI {,
a66peeua pa w c eq lai bHan 6yxneuuo-qnQpoRa l o aq s)
o6p asye e o oMe (/ a yp H ' i oxa sa e, n ( apKep ) .
lo -s n i Hoe coAepxaH , e c lHTa (c qe c K / aBHo o (oM oHe -
T
a HoMe H (na yp Ho o a . Me oB a , l TaK) (e Mox(e 6n n p e 3yn -
Ta oM ue aQopuqe c K {x 3Me He H . i o6 qe nsm o o i ,' eKc K .
Ho e x a )ap b e Ha MeHoB a l,,
o6osHa. a o q {e c oMo l o
MeH co6c BeH ' x - a po oH MoB (a oHuuo ) wnw o oH -
+0 Cep eii lle os I IIome x. anlype ue sus mcpMl Ho nzu ...
MOB - OTAe/IbH 'Ie IIO/lOX(eHLI l yTBep)I(AeHlI;I, IIIIIOT€3bI, I(OH-
qeuql.I l . . cooTBeTcTBy oqe i o6, ac l1 3 aH.k l) oGpasy o ee
Me aHoMe l (,ilaTypHb e a Me oBaHl l a lTpo loH {Ml{ {ecKo o p nH
TO o I1IMHqecKo o R Aa.
C ono y uoc ' B c ex HoMe Kna ) pHb x Ha {Me oB a .} i4 (Houe -
Hoa) o i unu z.wo o6aac u coc aR le ee oMeHK a ;4)y.
O;1 . H
l3 HecKoJ bKo HeoxxAaHHhIX pe3yJIb a oB, K Ko' opbIM MbI npHXo-
A {M. coc' o 4T, l'aKI, M o6pa: ol , } ToM, ITo ec: ll4
B Haqa e ga oi pa6o
MbI . cxo/J { l 3 To o, q o epM { lono| 4 l 14
HoMeHK/ a' ypa npoT {Bo IOc-
Ta l K)' c l Apy llpy y, ' o ] Ko qe ee Heo)K 4AaHHo Bbl. lcHJ{e c l, o Ho-
Me ( a ypa (n o4HoM l3 Bo3Mo) ( ' x ee noH Mau l i!) He po-
TI'IBOIIOC T
AR'I'IETC' TE P MI{HONOTI,II,I, A lB II lET C l EE HEOT'bCMJIEMO i
qac b o, oco6e oc b (o opo i - c eqa$nxa 3 ' KoB , x cpeAc B
cyx(eH {s oA o o c le { ianb o o [oH Ao euqe 6onee c eq aj -
Ho o l qac Ho o lo - lT l. 3alae l' u, q o 3To BHe-[ le "ueo>nn4au oe"
pe xeHue. Bo poca o cooTl o eHl 4' epM 4Ho/ o { 4 . HoMeHKilaTypb B 3Ha-
. aTea , o i uepe o6 ,xcH le c i ll{c o epM {IIo] o HaIecK?IM { np ql{HaMl4.
Ta , e-cnu c { {T'a ,
o K HoMeIIaM o Hoc:-g cg lol bKo e eA {III4ubI, Ko o-
pble BL'Ine Ha3blRa oTc . l HOMeHK/IaTypIIbIMI4 IIoKa3a'IeII- lM I, 'O pe:lynbTaT
oKa>(e c-s 6onee " 1 {B , . Hl M": loMeHn (u a ol noHuMaH u!) ul xo ga
ue 6yAy epMuHaMl , a l'epMuHb . q o { lpel{Ilona a/]ocb, F I{Ko I{a He
6yly HOMeHaMI{.
Iloc ouy lo/ yqe { b : unog e Io/I)Ke { o6ecxypax<I{ }a'- b. ll o npuu-
q! 4a/ bHo Rb Ae/ - l eT HoMe K/ aTyp)' B pelle lax TepM {IIo/ o {I4, TaK 3To
ee "nl eil Hl l" ", ycaona i, le Mo l B {ponanl -ui I JII{ oLITI4 e Mo ll ] i-
pona ' i RHyTp 4l{ 4c l 4 nuHapHbIM oH {Tn inn ^,.n p ,( HaK? Mn cnoco6
Bb AeneHu { qac b x } {llouh x (" a oe x", "cop oR x") noHa u i n: ep-
M {I{o lo l {ecKI4 yx(e Ja:lgaqHblx polloBb x, T. e. oHgl' ilg.an ceMa {T Ka 14
zc onb:loBa {ue noMeHKJ a' ypF ol'o o (a3a e a. O4ua o <}yu qnoHa bHa-a
o6 quoc , TepM . Ha
4
IloHnMaeMo o laKI4M o6pa:o.u ncelo loMeHKna yp-
HOIO Ha 4MeHOBaHU l COXpaH e' c l - Bb pa)Ke {He cneqaa/ b lo o IIoH_ l Tuq.
Ta x<e coxpaH- elc, l { Aa) (e yc14 uBae cx Heo6 ogl4Moc l c IeLI] allbHoI'o
pa3b. lc eHu I 31'o o o T Tu nocpeAcTBOM c-neIl {anb {o IIpeA Ia3 la e IHb x
An 3To o cpeAc B - oil {ca {1, 21c l-, Huql4ll,
L J llloc pal uu, xapal(Tepnc-
T , :KLl V H l X pa3/ qHb x np {(]MoB, cxoA b x c onpeAe/ e l {eM I opc <ui
1974; e uaHolla 1986;
CBuu og
19U7; Ca ' 6ypoea
2000]. Xapa epHo,
o ll p /le F opMa l B {b x
epM HoJ o uqecK 4- c,, onap 'i peAC' aB c'Hb Ha
Teln inologija
i 2006
| 13 41