Beliefs towards transformational adaptation Conceptual Map - TransformAr D1.4

Belie s owa ds ans o ma ional
adap a ion concep ual map
Deli e able 1.4
Accele a ing and upscaling ans o ma ional adap a ion in
Eu ope: demons a ion o wa e - ela ed inno a ion
packages
This p ojec has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon H2020 inno a ion ac ion
p og amme unde g an ag eemen 101036683.
2
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Deli e able Numbe and
Name
D1.4 - Belie s owa ds ans o ma ional adap a ion Concep ual
Map
Wo k Package
WP1 – Inno a ion ecosys ems o ans o ma ional adap a ion in
demons a o s
Dissemina ion Le el
Public
Au ho (s)
José Manuel Sabucedo, C is ina Gómez Román, And ea Co ea
Chica
P ima y Con ac and Email
José Manuel Sabucedo, [email protected]
Da e Due
01/10/2023
Da e Submi ed
06/10/2023
File Name
T ans o mA _WP1_D1.4_Belie s_V2_06102023
S a us
Ve sion 2
Re iewed by (i applicable)
Ósca Be ná dez (FEUGA), Amalie Bjo na old (UA), Jan Cools (UA)
Sugges ed ci a ion
Sabucedo, J.M., Gómez-Román, C. and Co ea-Chica, A. (2023)
Belie s owa ds ans o ma ional adap a ion concep ual map.
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4, H2020 g an no. 101036683
© T ans o mAR Conso ium, 2021
This deli e able con ains o iginal unpublished wo k excep when indica ed o he wise. Acknowledgemen
o p e iously published ma e ial and o he wo k o o he s has been made h ough app op ia e ci a ion,
quo a ion, o bo h. Rep oduc ion is au ho ised i he sou ce is acknowledged.
This documen has been p epa ed in he amewo k o he Eu opean p ojec T ans o mAR. This p ojec
has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon 2020 inno a ion ac ion p og amme unde g an
ag eemen no. 101036683.
The sole esponsibili y o he con en o his publica ion lies wi h he au ho s. I does no necessa ily
ep esen he opinion o he Eu opean Union. Nei he he EASME no he Eu opean Commission a e
esponsible o any use ha may be made o he in o ma ion con ained he ein.
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T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................. 6
LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................... 8
INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 9
1. DESCRIPTION OF DATA ANALYZED ..................................................... 10
S akeholde s p o ile ........................................................................ 11
2. DATA ANALYSIS PROCESS ................................................................. 11
Phase 1. Build a coding sys em ......................................................... 11
Phase 2. Di ide he da a se in o uni s o be coded .............................. 12
Phase 3. Tes he coding sys em ....................................................... 12
Phase 4. Summa ize and ou line he esul s ........................................ 13
Phase 5. In e p e and p esen he indings ......................................... 13
3. REPORT OF THE MAIN RESULTS ......................................................... 13
Recommenda ions ega ding he in e p e a ion o he esul s ................. 14
Clima e change .............................................................................. 14
Clima e change e ec s ............................................................................................................................... 15
Consequences o Clima e Change in Sec o s ............................................................................................. 16
Pe cep ion o dis ance/p oximi y ....................................................... 18
Psychological dis ance ............................................................................................................................... 18
Psychological p oximi y ............................................................................................................................. 19
S akeholde s .................................................................................. 19
Sec o ial dynamics ..................................................................................................................................... 20
Sec o al equi emen s ............................................................................................................................... 21
A i ude and esponses wi h p oposed solu ions ...................................................................................... 22
4. CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................ 23
Ba ie s ......................................................................................... 24
Facili a o s..................................................................................... 25
REFERENCES ........................................................................................ 26
ANNEX 1: FOCUS GROUP PROTOCOL ........................................................ 27
1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 29
2. PURPOSE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FOCUS GROUPS ...................... 30
3. PHASES ........................................................................................... 32
4. FOCUS GROUP PREPARATION .............................................................. 33
1.1 4.1. DEFINE THE MAIN AIM ....................................................... 33
Cla i y o Pu pose ....................................................................................................................................... 33
Rele ance o Resea ch Ques ions .............................................................................................................. 33
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T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Alignmen wi h Hypo heses ....................................................................................................................... 33
Scope and Focus ......................................................................................................................................... 33
P ac ical Implica ions: ................................................................................................................................ 33
E hical Conside a ions: .............................................................................................................................. 33
1.2 4.2. Ques ionnai e o P e and Pos Focus G oup Phase: ................. 35
Selec Es ablished Measu es ...................................................................................................................... 35
Response Op ions ...................................................................................................................................... 35
1.3 4.3. Tex o Discussion............................................................. 40
a. Clea and Accessible Language .............................................................................................................. 40
b. Begin wi h he Region Con ex .............................................................................................................. 40
c. P esen In o ma ion on P esen and Fu u e Impac s ............................................................................ 40
d. Explain Adap a ion S a egies ................................................................................................................ 40
1.4 4.4. Discussion guide ................................................................ 44
a. P epa e a Discussion Guide (Sc ip ) ....................................................................................................... 44
b. S a wi h Iceb eake Ques ions ............................................................................................................ 44
c. Use Open-Ended Ques ions ................................................................................................................... 44
d. Sequence Ques ions Logically ................................................................................................................ 44
e. Submi he Guide o Expe Pee Re iew ............................................................................................... 44
5. FOCUS GROUP EXECUTION ................................................................. 50
1.5 5.1. De elopmen .................................................................... 50
Execu ion Sequence: .................................................................................................................................. 50
Mode a o P esen a ion and Gene al In oduc ion .................................................................................. 50
E hical Conside a ions: Explana ion and In o med Consen : .................................................................... 50
Reco ding: Se ing Up Audio/Video Reco ding: ......................................................................................... 51
Discussion Commencemen : ...................................................................................................................... 51
1.6 5.2. Tips o Mode a o p esen a ion ........................................... 51
a. Exp ess G a i ude o Pa icipa ion: ............................................................................................. 51
b. Seek Pe mission o Reco d and Use In o ma ion: ........................................................................ 51
c. Explain Da a P i acy Policy: .......................................................................................................... 51
d. Ob ain Consen : ............................................................................................................................ 52
e. Discuss Session Du a ion .............................................................................................................. 52
. Summa ize Resea ch Objec i es: .................................................................................................. 52
g. Emphasize Pe sonal Expe iences and Pe cep ions: ...................................................................... 52
1.7 5.3. Tips o he Mode a o Du ing he Discussion .......................... 53
a. Main ain Time Managemen : ....................................................................................................... 53
b. Encou age Equal Pa icipa ion: ..................................................................................................... 53
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T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
c. Summa ize Key Poin s:.................................................................................................................. 53
d. Conclude he Discussion: .............................................................................................................. 53
6. FOCUS GROUP DATA ANALYSIS ........................................................... 54
1.8 6.1. Main s eps o da a analysis ................................................ 54
a. Da a Managemen ........................................................................................................................ 54
b. T ansc ip ion: ................................................................................................................................ 54
c. Da a Familia iza ion: ..................................................................................................................... 54
d. C ea e a Coding Sys em ................................................................................................................ 54
1.9 6.2. Main s eps o he epo ..................................................... 55
7. CONCLUSION .................................................................................... 56
ANNEX 2: FOCUS GROUP PROTOCOL PRESENTATION .................................. 57
ANNEX 3: CODING SYSTEM .................................................................... 73

6
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The T ans o mA p ojec aims o demons a e solu ions and pa hways o help us adap be e o clima e
change and imp o e ou social esilience. Among he p ojec 's key objec i es is gaining insigh s in o he
public's le el o accep ance ega ding hese adap a i e solu ions, while p omo ing ac i e engagemen
om bo h he public and s akeholde s. The aim is o ensu e ha he solu ions de eloped a e genuinely
emb aced h ough collabo a i e endea o s.
This epo se es o p esen he analyses conduc ed by he esea ch g oup COSOYPA om he Uni e si y
o San iago de Compos ela, on e alua ing he a i udes and belie s held by s akeholde s ha may ei he
hinde o acili a e he adop ion o beha io s conduci e o ans o ma i e change. The indings p esen ed
he ein pe ain speci ically o he analysis o di e en wo kshops and mee ings ca ied ou in h ee o he
si es o he p ojec : Galicia, Guadeloupe and O is ano. COSOYPA's assessmen ocused on disce ning
s akeholde a i udes and belie s ha could po en ially impac hei emb ace o ans o ma ional
beha io s as p oposed in WP1 on Inno a ion ecosys ems o ans o ma ional adap a ion in
demons a o s. The co e objec i e o he analysis was o bo h iden i y sha ed elemen s and disce n sub le
dis inc ions wi hin hem using a s anda dized app oach. This analy ical p ocess is designed o
me hodically s uc u e and elucida e he a ailable in o ma ion, hus acili a ing a mo e p ecise
iden i ica ion o pi o al ac o s ha migh impac he ecep ion o dismissal o he p oposed solu ions.
By doing so, his epo lays down a obus g oundwo k o analyse social accep ance. This esou ce is
p oposed o suppo subsequen p ojec phases. The esul s o his epo a e expec ed o yield aluable
insigh s ha can signi ican ly bene i bo h WP6 and WP7. Fo he WP6, hese insigh s can shed ligh on
how EU ci izens pe cei e he p ojec 's solu ions and hei po en ial applicabili y in o he EU egions. Fo
he WP7, his epo p o ides a deepe unde s anding o s akeholde a i udes and p e e ences, making
a meaning ul con ibu ion o he e ol ing clima e policy landscape. These insigh s can be used o ailo
planned communica ion ac ions, such as social media and he p ojec 's public websi e.
Acco dingly, his epo is s uc u ed as ollowing: Fi s , he me hod ollowed o analyze he in o ma ion
collec ed wi h s akeholde s is discussed. In his sec ion, he p o ile o s akeholde s in ol ed in he p ojec
is desc ibed. The s akeholde p o ile o he p ojec a ies by egion, wi h pa icipan s p ima ily om key
economic sec o s like ag icul u e, aquacul u e, and ou ism. In Galicia, ep esen a i es om p i a e
sec o associa ions ac i ely pa icipa ed, while in O is ano, in ol emen ex ended o bo h public and
p i a e sec o ac o s. Guadeloupe saw pa icipa ion om ins i u ional ep esen a i es and in es o s.
The da a analysis p ocess in ol ed quali a i e con en analysis using ATLAS. i e sion 23. I encompassed
se e al phases: 1) Building a coding sys em h ough an induc i e app oach; 2) Di iding he da a in o
coding uni s, ensu ing single coding pe seman ic domain; and 3) Tes ing he coding sys em o eliabili y.
Nex a e discussed he esul s in ables by seman ic domain and o si e compa isons. The con en
analysis o s akeholde pe cep ions yielded insigh s ac oss se en seman ic domains.1) Clima e Change
(consequences o clima e change, such as empe a u e shi s, ecosys em changes, biodi e si y decline,
and he p oli e a ion o in asi e species); 2) Consequences o Clima e Change in Sec o s (e ec s and
epe cussions o clima e change on a ious economic sec o s, including dec eased p oduc i i y and
ad e se economic impac s); 3 and 4) Pe cep ion o Dis ance/P oximi y: (Wi hin his domain,
s akeholde s' psychological dis ance om o p oximi y o clima e change is analysed); 5) Sec o ial
Dynamics (challenges ela ed o s akeholde coo dina ion, go e nmen policies, da a a ailabili y, and
esponses o changing ma ke condi ions); 6. Sec o ial Requi emen s (needs o a ious sec o s, including
economic iabili y, na u e-based solu ions, egula o y adjus men s, sus ainabili y e o s, socie al
changes, echnological inno a ions, moni o ing sys ems, and business model ans o ma ions); and 7)
A i udes and Responses wi h P oposed Solu ions (how indi iduals and communi ies engage wi h and
e alua e p oposed clima e change solu ions. I includes collabo a ion, adap a ion, and ques ioning).
These esul s a e shaped by speci ic egional con ex s, wi h Galicia emphasizing empe a u e shi s and
da a-d i en decision-making, Guadeloupe ocusing on ex eme wea he e en s and challenges in
7
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
s akeholde coo dina ion, and O is ano highligh ing na u al esou ce deg ada ion and sus ainabili y
e o s. The analysis iden i ies bo h ba ie s and acili a o s, such as a lack o coo dina ion among
s akeholde s, disconnec in poli ical managemen , and he impo ance o using da a o decision-making.
By aligning s a egies wi h hese insigh s, he p ojec aims o o e come ba ie s and le e age acili a o s
o d i e posi i e change and enhance social accep ance o clima e change solu ions.As he collec ion o
hese di e en s akeholde sensi i i ies has no ollowed a simila p o ocol ac oss all he si es, his
documen ou lines an annex wi h a comp ehensi e p o ocol o conduc ing Focus G oups as pa o
s akeholde engagemen in a ious esea ch si es. The p o ocol make some speci ic ecommenda ions o
ca y a ocus g oup and ga he s akeholde insigh s e ec i ely in u u e s ages o he p ojec o simila
p ojec s in he u u e. The p o ocol de ines he key phases o conduc ing Focus G oups, om p epa a ion
o da a analysis, ensu ing a s uc u ed and o ganized app oach. By adhe ing o his p o ocol, esea che s
can ensu e s anda dized da a collec ion and analysis, enhancing he quali y o esea ch ou comes and
suppo ing in o med decision-making.
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T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURES
Figu e 1 Coding Sys em
TABLES
Table 1: Documen s Analized
Table 2: In e code Ag eemen Coe icien s, Compa ison be ween he Fi s and Second Round o Coding
Table 3: Seman ic Domain o Clima e Change E ec s: Associa ed Codes and Example Quo es
Table 4: Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic Domain o Clima e Change
E ec s
Table 5: Seman ic Domain o Clima e Change Consequences: Associa ed Codes and Example Quo es
Table 6 Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic Domain o Consequences o
Clima e Change in Sec o s
Table 7: Seman ic Domain o Psychological Dis ance: Associa ed Codes and Example Quo es
Table 8: Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic Domain o Psychological
Dis ance.
Table 9: Seman ic Domain o Psychological P oximi y: Associa ed Codes and Example Quo es.
Table 10: Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic Domain o Psychological
P oximi y
Table 11: Seman ic Domain o Sec o ial Dynamics: Associa ed Codes and Example Quo es
Table 12: Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic Domain o Sec o ial
Dynamics.
Table 13: Seman ic Domain o Sec o ial Requi emen s: Associa ed Codes and Example Quo es
Table 14: Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic Domain o Sec o al
Requi emen s
Table 15: Seman ic Domain o A i ude and Responses wi h P oposed Solu ions: Associa ed codes and
example quo es
Table 16: Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic Domain o A i ude and
Responses wi h P oposed Solu ions
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T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
INTRODUCTION
This epo p o ides he esul s o a comp ehensi e analysis conduc ed o add ess he objec i es ou lined
in Task T1.3, which is cen e ed on "Iden i ying Ba ie s o Implemen a ion and Beha io al Change" wi hin
he T ans o mA p ojec . The p ima y ocus o his ask is o unde s and and add ess a ious aspec s
ela ed o clima e adap a ion and go e nance. Fu he mo e, we p opose a p o ocol o ga he ing his
ype o in o ma ion in u u e occasions.
In his ask, we del e in o he iden i ica ion o ba ie s ha could po en ially hinde he success ul
implemen a ion o p oposed solu ions and impede beha io al change. Ou goal is o pinpoin obs acles
ha may obs uc he execu ion o hese solu ions. This analysis d aws om documen s gene a ed a e
consul a ions wi h s akeholde s h ough wo kshops and mee ings whe e pa icipan s we e in oduced o
clima e p ojec ions and po en ial solu ions ela ed o a ious p ojec si es.
These engagemen s se ed as a p elimina y assessmen o explo e s akeholde s' a i udes and belie s in
his con ex . The objec i e was o comp ehend how hese ac o s ei he hinde o acili a e he adop ion
o beha io s essen ial o ans o ma i e change. The insigh s gained om he implemen a ion o
ans o ma i e adap a ion solu ions wi hin he p ojec will play an impo an ole in shaping he desi ed
beha io s. By iden i ying hese a i udes and belie s, we can disce n bo h ba ie s and acili a o s o he
adop ion o necessa y beha io s, he eby o e ing essen ial inpu o subsequen p ojec phases in WP3
on En isioning ans o ma i e pa hways o he demons a o s and T4.1. on Beha iou al change
solu ions.
Addi ionally, his epo ocuses on he quali a i e analysis o in o ma ion ga he ed du ing wo kshops
and mee ings, speci ically ela ed o social accep ance in he i s wo yea s o he T ans o mA p ojec .
In his s udy, we examined documen s collec ed om h ee dis inc si es o unde s and s akeholde
pe cep ions o clima e change p ojec ions, si e-speci ic issues, and hei iews on p oposed solu ions. As
a esul , his s udy o e s bo h a comp ehensi e analysis by seman ic domain and an analysis based on
he h ee p ojec si es ha sha ed hei p ima y indings om consul a ions conduc ed du ing wo kshops
and mee ings wi h a ious s akeholde s. He e, we p esen he esul s o ou analysis, which aimed o
iden i y commonali ies and nuances wi hin he p oposals om each si e using a s anda dized app oach
(Willig & S ain on-Roge s, 2017). The p ima y objec i e o his analysis is o sys ema ically o ganize and
cla i y he a ailable in o ma ion, hus enabling a mo e p ecise iden i ica ion o key ac o s ha could
in luence he accep ance o ejec ion o p oposed solu ions. Ul ima ely, his epo es ablishes a obus
ounda ion o in o med decision-making, wi h he po en ial o guide u u e p ojec s ages h ough i s
comp ehensi e and in-dep h examina ion o he da a collec ed on social accep ance.
In addi ion, his epo in oduces in he annex 1 and 2 a p o ocol o conduc ing ocus g oups o gauge
public pe cep ions and social accep ance o p oposed adap a ion solu ions. De i ed om insigh s gained
du ing he T ans o mA p ojec , his p o ocol o e s a s anda dized app oach o da a collec ion wi h
s akeholde s.
While no implemen ed wi hin he p ojec , his me hodology p o ides a aluable ool applicable o simila
p ojec s o enhanced da a collec ion and analysis. The p o ocol includes a se o su ey i ems and scales
ailo ed o measu e social accep ance- ela ed cons uc s, o e ing mo e a ge ed insigh s o augmen he
da a al eady ga he ed.
Designed o in ol e a di e se ange o pa icipan s, he p o ocol inco po a es measu es o a ious
a iables, including cogni i e esponses and beha io al in en ions. The ou comes om his ocus g oup
me hodology will u nish aluable insigh s in o he social accep ance o clima e change adap a ion
solu ions, bene i ing u u e ini ia i es in his ield. Ou hope is ha his p o ocol can also se e as a model
o o hcoming s udies.
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T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Table 4 Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic Domain
o Clima e Change E ec s
Code
Galicia
Guadeloupe
O is ano
E
%
E
%
E
%
Deg ada ion o na u al esou ces G =57
3
3,57%
6
16,22%
48
26,23%
Al e a ion o ecosys ems G =52
16
19,05%
5
13,51%
31
16,94%
Dec ease in biodi e si y G =43
12
14,29%
4
10,81%
27
14,75%
Ex eme e en s G =42
9
10,71%
9
24,32%
24
13,11%
Tempe a u e al e a ion G =34
18
21,43%
5
13,51%
11
6,01%
Indi ec pollu ion G =26
8
9,52%
4
10,81%
14
7,65%
P oli e a ion o in asi e species G =18
12
14,29%
1
2,70%
5
2,73%
Socioeconomic and demog aphic
ulne abili y G =10
0
0,00%
0
0,00%
10
5,46%
Heal h isks G =8
0
0,00%
2
5,41%
6
3,28%
Vulne abili y o in as uc u e and
equipmen G =7
0
0,00%
0
0,00%
7
3,83%
Al e a ion o wind cu en s G =5
4
5%
1
3%
0
0%
Dec ease in salini y G =2
2
2,38%
0
0,00%
0
0,00%
To als pe si e
84
100,00%
37
100,00%
183
100,00%
In Galicia, clima e change e ec s mos equen ly men ioned included empe a u e al e a ion, which
e e ed o signi ican empe a u e changes in speci ic a eas o ecosys ems due o clima e change,
including hea wa es, seasonal shi s, educed day-nigh empe a u e di e ences, and inc eased humidi y
le els. Ecosys em al e a ions we e also commonly men ioned, encompassing landscape ans o ma ions,
habi a deg ada ion, dis up ions in biogeochemical cycles, and shi s in biological communi ies.
Pa icipan s also no ed he dec ease in biodi e si y, mani es ing as species ex inc ion, o ced popula ion
mig a ion, loss o na u al habi a s, and educed gene ic a iabili y. Addi ionally, he p oli e a ion o
in asi e species was equen ly men ioned.
In Guadeloupe, he mos equen ly ci ed e ec s o clima e change we e ex eme wea he e en s,
cha ac e ized as ex ao dina y o unusual clima ic e en s occu ing mo e equen ly o in ensi ely,
including loods, d ough s, hu icanes, s o ms, wild i es, hea wa es, and ex eme p ecipi a ion.
Pa icipan s also highligh ed na u al esou ce deg ada ion, which e e ed o he decline in he capaci y
o na u al esou ces o egene a e, including dis up ions in species ep oduc ion, soil deg ada ion,
dese i ica ion, and educed o es egene a ion. Tempe a u e and ecosys em al e a ions we e also
commonly men ioned.
Las ly, in O is ano, pa icipan s equen ly epo ed clima e change e ec s, including na u al esou ce
deg ada ion, ecosys em al e a ions, educed biodi e si y, and ex eme wea he e en s.
Consequences o Clima e Change in Sec o s
This seman ic code co e s e e ences o he speci ic e ec s and epe cussions o clima e change on a
pa icula economic o indus ial sec o (e.g., ou ism, ag icul u e, o aquacul u e). Consequences can
ange om he impac s o ex eme wea he e en s o changes in p oduc o se ice demand, as well as

17
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
inancial, egula o y, and ope a ional conside a ions a ec ing a ious key ac o s wi hin he sec o (see
able 5 o quo es examples, and able 6 o equency o appea ance o codes in each si e).
Table 5 Seman ic Domain o Clima e Change Consequences: Associa ed Codes and
Example Quo es
Code
Quo e
Dec ease in p oduc i i y
“They wonde i i will ha e some hing o do wi h he
dec ease in clam p oduc ion, i i a ec s, o example, he
la al pe iod”
Ad e se economic impac
“On he o he hand, he adds ha clima e change will ha e a
g ea impac on he ene gy cos s o he ac i i y”
G ea e poli ical egula ion
“Failu e o mee ce ain objec i es o he wa e amewo k
di ec i e”
Inc ease in managemen asks
“a g ea e inc ease in algae and he e o e an inc ease in
cleaning asks”
Po en ial bene i s
“Be o e hey ha es ed shell ish o 5-6 mon hs, and now all
yea ound”
Comme cial quali y educ ion
“C op ailu e/poo e quali y”
Implemen sus ainable solu ions
“Regene a ions a e being made (some imes wi h sand om
he bank i sel )”
Table 6 Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic Domain
o Consequences o Clima e Change in Sec o s
Code
Galicia
Guadeloupe
O is ano
E
%
E
%
E
%
Dec ease in p oduc i i y G =73
32
46,38%
6
26,09%
35
63,64%
Ad e se economic impac G =33
5
7,25%
15
65,22%
13
23,64%
G ea e poli ical egula ion G =13
9
13,04%
0
0,00%
4
7,27%
Inc ease in managemen asks G =8
7
10,14%
0
0,00%
1
1,82%
Po en ial bene i s G =9
8
11,59%
1
4,35%
0
0,00%
Comme cial quali y educ ion G =7
6
8,70%
0
0,00%
1
1,82%
Implemen sus ainable solu ions G =4
2
2,90%
1
4,35%
1
1,82%
To als pe si e
69
100,00%
23
100,00%
55
100,00%
The mos equen ly epo ed ypes o consequences include a dec ease in p oduc i i y, which is
pa icula ly ele an in Galicia and O is ano. This e e s o a decline in he capaci y o p oduce goods,
se ices, o income due o clima e-induced ac o s. These ac o s encompass dis up ions in na u al cycles,
inc eased species mo ali y, soil deg ada ion, and impac s on ag icul u e, li es ock, and ou ism.
Ad e se economic impac s we e also equen ly men ioned, especially in Guadeloupe and O is ano. This
ca ego y implies e e ences o inc eased cos s, loss o income, de e io a ion o economic in as uc u e,
and o he ac o s ha ha e a nega i e impac on he s abili y and economic de elopmen o he sec o .
18
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Pe cep ion o dis ance/p oximi y
The "Dis ance/p oximi y" seman ic code encompasses he pe cep ion o clima e change's psychological
dis ance and p oximi y. I includes e e ences o psychological dis ance, whe e indi iduals may
disconnec om o downplay he signi icance o clima e change, conside ing i a dis an o i ele an
p oblem. On he o he hand, psychological p oximi y e e s o exp essions showing conce n and
unde s anding o clima e change and i s p esen o u u e consequences.
Psychological dis ance
The seman ic domain o psychological dis ance g ouped all he quo a ions in which pa icipan s
exp essed disconnec ion om he issue o clima e change o minimized i s impo ance. This in ol es
social aspec s, whe e people may lack awa eness o clima e change's e ec s o belie e i won' impac
hem o hei close communi y. I also add esses geog aphic dis ance, whe e clima e change is seen as
ha ing dis an o insigni ican epe cussions nea by. Addi ionally, he e's a empo al dimension, whe e
clima e change migh be iewed as a pas o u u e conce n, no signi ican in he p esen (see able 7 o
quo es examples, and able 8 o equency o appea ance o codes in each si e).
Table 7 Seman ic Domain o Psychological Dis ance: Associa ed Codes and Example
Quo es
Code
Quo e
Social
“The p esiden indica es ha he has no no iced a ia ions
due o clima e change”
Tempo al
“A he same ime, i is de ec ed ha hey eel ha he e
a e mo e immedia e p oblems on which hey a e cu en ly
ocusing hei in e es and e o s”
Geog aphic
“This need is no sha ed, since he ise in sea le el will no
be as no able as in o he places wi h mo e ex ended
coas s”
Table 8 Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic
Domain o Psychological Dis ance.
Code
Galicia
Guadeloupe
O is ano
E
%
E
%
E
%
Social G =10
9
64,29%
0
0,00%
1
100,00%
Tempo a y G =3
3
21,43%
0
0,00%
0
0,00%
Geog aphic G =2
2
14,29%
0
0,00%
0
0,00%
To als pe si e
14
100,00%
0
0,00%
1
100,00%
The mos equen ly epo ed ype o dis ance was social, while geog aphical dis ance was he leas
common. Howe e , di e ences we e obse ed among he si es ega ding psychological dis ance. In he
case o Galicia, psychological dis ance was epo ed mos equen ly, whe eas in Guadeloupe, i was no
men ioned a all, and in O is ano, social psychological dis ance was men ioned only once (see Table 8).
19
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Psychological p oximi y
Psychological p oximi y e e s o e e ences ha demons a e conce n and unde s anding o clima e
change and i s cu en o u u e consequences. This includes social p oximi y, which in ol es pe cei ing
clima e change as an u gen p oblem and unde s anding i s e ec s, wi h awa eness ha i impac s
onesel and he local communi y. I also encompasses geog aphical p oximi y, whe e clima e change's
epe cussions a e expe ienced o an icipa ed nea by, and empo al p oximi y, wi h clima e change
conside ed a cu en and ele an conce n (see able 9 o quo e examples).
Table 9 Seman ic Domain o Psychological P oximi y: Associa ed Codes and
Example Quo es.
Code
Quo e
Social
“Willingness o local ac o s o adap ”
Tempo al
“The pa icipan s a e ocusing on issues ha a e e y
p esen a his momen . Wa e s ess, o example, is a
p oblem ha could a ise in he u u e, bu he issues wi h
he highes pe cen age a e e y ele an in he cu en
en i onmen . We ela e mo e o p oblems ha we can see
and eel now han in he u u e”
Geog aphic
“Local ac o s know he ield and he needs”
The mos equen ly epo ed ype o psychological p oximi y was empo al, while social p oximi y was
he leas common. Howe e , di e ences we e obse ed among he si es ega ding psychological
p oximi y. This code appea ed mo e equen ly in he case o O is ano, whe e empo al and geog aphic
p oximi y we e epo ed mos o en, in con as o he si es o Guadeloupe and Galicia (see Table 10).
Table 10 Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic Domain
o Psychological P oximi y
Code
Galicia
Guadeloupe
O is ano
E
%
E
%
E
%
Tempo a y G =6
1
50,00%
0
0,00%
5
50,00%
Geog aphic G =5
0
0,00%
1
33,33%
4
40,00%
Social G =4
1
50,00%
2
66,67%
1
10,00%
To als pe si e
2
100,00%
3
100,00%
10
100,00%
S akeholde s
The seman ic code 's akeholde s' encompasses a wide ange o seman ic domains ela ed o he
in e ac ion o di e en ac o s in a speci ic con ex , such as in he p ojec and a di e en si es. I
add esses issues ela ed o clima e change p ojec ions and hei po en ial impac on p oduc ion, as well
as he iden i ica ion o sec o -speci ic dynamics, obs acles in ac o coo dina ion, misalignmen o
go e nmen policies wi h sec o al needs, he impo ance o da a-backed decision-making, and
adap a ion o ma ke changes. Addi ionally, exp essions ela ed o clima e change adap a ion a e
conside ed, including he assessmen o economic iabili y, na u e-based ans o ma ions, egula o y
and go e nance changes, sus ainabili y, social changes, echnological inno a ion, moni o ing sys ems,
and ans o ma ions in business models. Finally, he a i udes and esponses o indi iduals and
20
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
communi ies o p oposed solu ions a e explo ed, including ac i e collabo a ion, pe cep ion o
e ec i eness, ques ioning, and adap a ion o solu ions o add ess speci ic clima e challenges in di e en
geog aphical con ex s. Below, each o hese seman ic domains cap u ing he sensi i i ies o a ious
s akeholde s in di e en si es is desc ibed in de ail.
Sec o ial dynamics
The 'Sec o ial Dynamics' seman ic domain ocuses on he dynamics shaping speci ic economic sec o s,
encompassing challenges ela ed o s akeholde coo dina ion, go e nmen policies, da a a ailabili y, and
esponses o changing ma ke condi ions (see able 11 o quo es examples, and able 12 o equency
o appea ance o codes in each si e).
Table 11 Seman ic Domain o Sec o ial Dynamics: Associa ed Codes and
Example Quo es.
Code
Quo e
Decision making based on da a
“They ha e a labo a o y ha akes weekly T and S da a, hey
also consul INTECMAR”
Lack o a icula ion be ween ac o s
“Al hough she wa ns ha i may be coun e p oduc i e o
b ing he clam sec o oge he wi h he mussel sec o , as
he e a e hose who main ain ha he inc ease in mussel
p oduc ion nega i ely a ec s clam a ming, she pe sonally
belie es ha a he han clashing, we should wo k oge he .
Solu ions should be sough ins ead o con on a ion”
Disconnec ion in poli ical
managemen
“The e seem o be some adminis a i e obs acles o making
e ilize s om seaweed”
Dynamic ma ke changes
“On he o he hand, i is obse ed ha he consump ion o
cans has dec eased, ha li e is expensi e, and hey a e no
eplenished as much as be o e on he supe ma ke shel es”
Decision making wi hou da a
“They say hey a e no cu en ly looking a oceanog aphic
da a anywhe e”
Table 12 Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic
Domain o Sec o ial Dynamics.
Code
Galicia
Guadeloupe
O is ano
E
%
E
%
E
%
Decision making based on da a G =18
15
31,91%
1
10,00%
2
50,00%
Lack o a icula ion be ween ac o s
G =17
11
23,40%
5
50,00%
1
25,00%
Disconnec ion in poli ical managemen
G =12
7
14,89%
4
40,00%
1
25,00%
Dynamic ma ke changes G =9
9
19,15%
0
0,00%
0
0,00%
Decision making wi hou da a G =5
5
10,64%
0
0,00%
0
0,00%
To als pe si e
47
100,00%
10
100,00%
4
100,00%
21
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
This sec o ial dynamics domain is mo e p ominen in he Galicia Wo kshops, whe e pa icipan s
emphasize hey use da a (such as oceanog aphic o me eo ological da a om esea ch cen e s and public
ins i u ions) o decision-making, which in ol es making sec o -speci ic decisions based on accu a e da a
and cu en in o ma ion om moni o ing sys ems. Addi ionally, he lack o a icula ion be ween ac o s is
equen ly men ioned, indica ing issues in coo dina ing and collabo a ing among di e se s akeholde s in
a speci ic con ex , leading o challenges like poo communica ion, di e ing objec i es, agmen ed
sec o s, and limi ed ha monized ac ion.
In he case o Guadeloupe, pa icipan s also commonly men ion he lack o a icula ion be ween ac o s
and he disconnec ion in poli ical managemen . The la e e e s o si ua ions whe e go e nmen
decisions and policies do no align wi h he equi emen s o an economic sec o o p ojec , esul ing in
issues like con lic ing egula ions, inadequa e suppo , and a lack o alignmen wi h sec o needs.
In O is ano, his domain is men ioned less equen ly. Howe e , when i is men ioned, he need o base
decisions on da a is he mos commonly exp essed aspec .
Sec o al equi emen s
The 'Sec o al Requi emen s' domain encompasses he adap a ion needs o a ious sec o s o clima e
change. I includes economic iabili y, na u e-based solu ions, egula o y adjus men s, sus ainabili y
e o s, socie al changes, echnological inno a ions, p ecise moni o ing sys ems, and business model
ans o ma ions o enhance sec o esilience (see able 13 o quo es examples, and able 14 o
equency o appea ance o codes in each si e).
Table 13 Seman ic Domain o Sec o ial Requi emen s: Associa ed Codes and
Example Quo es.
Code
Quo e
Social ans o ma ions
“Awa eness campaigns/Round able exchanges”
Economic iabili y and inancing
“C ea ion o he Fund in ela ion o suppo ing ac o s in he
ag icul u al wo ld o guide hem app op ia ely wi h a iew
o sus aining hei s uc u es and sys ems.”
R+D+I ans o ma ions
( echnological)
“Suppo om enginee s and echnicians in cha ge o
clima e issues”
T ans o ma ion based on egula ions
and go e nance
“We need o comple ely e hink go e nance a ound hese
p io i ies”
Na u e-based ans o ma ions
(g een)
“Mo e ees and wildli e”
Moni o ing sys ems
“Daily da a on soil empe a u e and mois u e will hope ully
help wi h nu ien use e iciency, o age choice, e c.”
T ans o ma ions based on
sus ainabili y
“Plan ci ies esilien o clima e change o gua an ee he
con inui y o essen ial se ices o ou ism”
Business model ans o ma ions
“Comple ely e hink he ou ism sec o ( ein en you sel ,
p o essional ecycling)”
Table 14 Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic
Domain o Sec o al Requi emen s.
Code
Galicia
Guadeloupe
O is ano
E
%
E
%
E
%

22
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Social ans o ma ions G =80
3
11,11%
52
20,23%
25
16,03%
Economic iabili y and inancing G =68
2
7,41%
50
19,46%
16
10,26%
R+D+I ans o ma ions ( echnological) G =67
3
11,11%
47
18,29%
17
10,90%
T ans o ma ion based on egula ions and
go e nance G =64
2
7,41%
40
15,56%
22
14,10%
Na u e-based ans o ma ions (g een) G =50
1
3,70%
18
7,00%
31
19,87%
Moni o ing sys ems G =39
14
51,85%
10
3,89%
15
9,62%
T ans o ma ions based on sus ainabili y
G =36
1
3,70%
9
3,50%
26
16,67%
Business model ans o ma ions G =36
1
3,70%
31
12,06%
4
2,56%
To als pe si e
27
100,00%
257
100,00%
156
100,00%
In he Galicia si e, he mos equen ly men ioned code was 'moni o ing sys ems,' desc ibed as easy- o-
access sys ems ha allow o eco ding, o example, cul i a ion a eas, spawning da a, salini y da a, and
local cu en da a, emphasizing he impo ance o hese sys ems being egula ly upda ed, p o iding
equen in o ma ion, and o e ing a use - iendly in e ace. S akeholde s also exp essed a need o
'R+D+I ans o ma ions ( echnological),' ocusing on s a egies and ac ions in ol ing new echnologies
and inno a i e app oaches o enhance esilience, mi iga e isks, and imp o e e iciency. Economic
iabili y and inancing o p oposed solu ions we e equen ly discussed, emphasizing he analysis o
inancial capaci y, a ailable esou ces, and inancing s a egies o clima e change adap a ion p ojec s.
Fo Guadeloupe, he mos commonly men ioned needs, in o de o equency, we e 'social
ans o ma ions,' in ol ing s a egies o change socie al a i udes and beha io s o e ec i e clima e
adap a ion, p omo ing sus ainable p ac ices, al e ing consump ion pa e ns, and mobilizing communi ies
h ough campaigns, awa eness p og ams, and policies. Pa icipan s also discussed economic iabili y and
inancing, 'R+D+I ans o ma ions ( echnological),' and ans o ma ions based on egula ions and
go e nance, which en ail e iewing and modi ying exis ing egula ions, policies, and decision-making
p ocedu es.
In O is ano, pa icipan s equen ly men ioned 'Na u e-based ans o ma ions (g een),' highligh ing
s a egies o add ess clima e change by s eng hening biodi e si y and ecosys ems. 'T ans o ma ions
based on sus ainabili y' we e also emphasized, aiming o adap o clima e change while os e ing
sus ainable de elopmen ha balances economic well-being, en i onmen al heal h, and social wel a e.
Addi ionally, pa icipan s men ioned social ans o ma ions, ans o ma ions based on egula ions and
go e nance, 'R+D+I ans o ma ions ( echnological),' and he economic iabili y and inancing o
p oposed solu ions.
A i ude and esponses wi h p oposed solu ions
This domain explo es how indi iduals and communi ies engage wi h and e alua e p oposed clima e
change solu ions (see able 15 o quo es examples, and able 16 o equency o appea ance o codes
in each si e).
Table 15 Seman ic Domain o A i ude and Responses wi h P oposed Solu ions:
Associa ed codes and example quo es.
Code
Quo e
Collabo a e
“The e is ano he associa ion, Agacoma , Galician
Associa ion o Sea ood Ma ke e s, pe haps in e es ed in
pa icipa ing”
Ques ioning
“The de elopmen o paymen and suppo sys ems has a
limi ed li espan”
23
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Adap solu ions
“The adap a ion s a egies o be adop ed will depend on
se e al ac o s such as: he size o he a m o he cu en
le el o esilience o he ac i i y ( o example: a
monocul u e a m is less esilien han a mul i-c op a m.
Adap a ion ac ions will be di e en )”
Table 16 Absolu e and Rela i e F equency o Appea ance o Codes Seman ic
Domain o A i ude and Responses wi h P oposed Solu ions.
Code
Galicia
Guadeloupe
O is ano
E
%
E
%
E
%
Collabo a e G =20
16
66,67%
1
16,67%
3
18,75%
Ques ion G =14
2
8,33%
1
16,67%
11
68,75%
Adap solu ion G =12
6
25,00%
4
66,67%
2
12,50%
To als pe si e
24
100,00%
6
100,00%
16
100,00%
In he case o Galicia, pa icipan s equen ly men ioned he code 'collabo a e,' which encompasses he
willingness o indi iduals and communi ies o ac i ely pa icipa e in implemen ing solu ions. This in ol es
o e ing sugges ions, es ablishing con ac s, and p o iding ele an in o ma ion o collabo a ion.
Addi ionally, 'adap solu ions' was commonly e e ed o, indica ing he need o cus omize and adjus
solu ions o speci ic geog aphical a eas o con ex s.
In Guadeloupe, he mos equen ly men ioned code was 'adap solu ions.' Pa icipan s emphasized he
impo ance o adap ing solu ions o local condi ions.
In O is ano, he mos equen ly men ioned code was 'ques ioning,' whe e pa icipan s exp essed
doub s, ques ions, o c i icisms ega ding he e ec i eness, easibili y, o impac o p oposed solu ions.
4. CONCLUSIONS
This quali a i e analysis o he epo se es as a signi ican s ep owa d well-in o med decision-making
in he subsequen phases o he p ojec . This epo se es he ask goal o iden i ying "s akeholde s'
a i udes and belie s ha hinde o acili a e he adop ion o he beha io s ha lead o ans o ma i e
change", e alua ing he a i udes and belie s held by s akeholde s ha may ei he hinde o acili a e he
adop ion o beha io s conduci e o ans o ma i e change. I sys ema ically collec s and o ganizes he
insigh s om he di e en wo kshops, ocusing on social accep ance. The app oach was ca ied ou using
a obus quali a i e con en analysis p ocess acili a ed by he ATLAS. i e sion 23 so wa e, ensu ing he
in eg i y and eliabili y o he indings. The esul s, s uc u ed a ound se en dis inc seman ic domains,
o e a comp ehensi e pe spec i e on how s akeholde s pe cei e clima e change p ojec ions and he
p oposed solu ions.
Wha eme ges om his analysis is a a ie y o insigh s. We ha e explo ed he di e se consequences o
clima e change, anging om shi s in empe a u e and ex eme wea he e en s o he sub le bu
impac ul ans o ma ions in ecosys ems and biodi e si y. Equally impo an is he ecogni ion ha he
e ec s o clima e change a e no uni o m; hey a y signi ican ly ac oss di e en egions.
Mo eo e , explo ing psychological dis ance and p oximi y o clima e change gene a ed in e es ing
esul s. S akeholde s' a i udes a y widely, wi h some pe cei ing clima e change as a dis an conce n
while o he s a e acu ely awa e o i s p esen and u u e ami ica ions. This insigh has implica ions o
how we communica e and engage wi h a ious s akeholde s.
24
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
We ha e examined he dynamics wi hin economic sec o s and hei esponses o clima e change. These
dynamics include he need o coo dina ed ac ion, he impo ance o da a-d i en decision-making, and
he speci ic adap a ion equi emen s o di e en sec o s. Unde s anding hese nuances is c i ical in
c a ing s a egies ha esona e wi h each sec o 's unique challenges and oppo uni ies.
Finally, ou analysis o how s akeholde s espond o p oposed solu ions, such as social ans o ma ions,
moni o ing sys ems o changes in he business model, e eals a ious a i udes. Some s akeholde s a e
en husias ic collabo a o s, eady o ac i ely pa icipa e in implemen ing solu ions, while o he s app oach
cau iously, ques ioning he p oposed measu es' easibili y and e ec i eness.
I is necessa y o no e ha he indings a e no one-size- i s-all; he speci ic con ex s o each si e in luence
hem. The e o e, nuanced in e p e a ion is essen ial. Decision-make s should pay pa icula a en ion o
he column pe cen ages in he ables, as hey shed ligh on how codes align wi h he eali ies o indi idual
si es.
Pa icula ly, pe egion, pa icipan s in Galicia highligh ed empe a u e al e a ions, landscape
ans o ma ions, and biodi e si y decline as he mos common consequences o clima e change. They
also equen ly men ioned he p oli e a ion o in asi e species. Rega ding he consequences in Sec o s,
dec eased p oduc i i y and ad e se economic impac s we e equen ly discussed in his egion.
S akeholde s he e emphasized he impo ance o using da a o decision-making.
Fo Guadeloupe, ex eme wea he e en s like loods and d ough s we e he mos equen ly ci ed clima e
change e ec s in Guadeloupe. Na u al esou ce deg ada ion and empe a u e al e a ions we e also
commonly men ioned. Simila o Galicia, Guadeloupe aced dec eased p oduc i i y and ad e se
economic impac s. The lack o coo dina ion among s akeholde s and disconnec in poli ical managemen
we e p ominen challenges.
O is ano pa icipan s equen ly epo ed na u al esou ce deg ada ion, ecosys em al e a ions, educed
biodi e si y, and ex eme wea he e en s as clima e change e ec s. Reduced p oduc i i y and ad e se
economic impac s we e common consequences in O is ano. S akeholde s also emphasized he
impo ance o na u e-based ans o ma ions and sus ainabili y e o s.
These si e-speci ic indings unde sco e he impo ance o ailo ing s a egies o add ess he unique
challenges and oppo uni ies in each egion. I 's c ucial o conside hese a ia ions when making
decisions ela ed o clima e change ini ia i es, as hey di ec ly in luence social accep ance and suppo
o p oposed solu ions.
Ou comp ehensi e analysis has no only unco e ed egional nuances in s akeholde pe cep ions o
clima e change bu has also iden i ied key ba ie s and acili a o s ha can signi ican ly impac he
adop ion o he necessa y beha io s and he success o ou p ojec 's adap i e pa hways.
Ba ie s:
Lack o Coo dina ion Among S akeholde s: In bo h Galicia and Guadeloupe, a no able ba ie eme ged in
he o m o insu icien coo dina ion among s akeholde s. This ba ie hampe s e ec i e decision-making
and collabo a i e e o s, hinde ing he implemen a ion o clima e change solu ions. Add essing his
challenge should be a p io i y in ou subsequen phases o enhance s akeholde engagemen and
coope a ion.
Disconnec in Poli ical Managemen : Guadeloupe expe ienced a disconnec be ween go e nmen
decisions and he equi emen s o economic sec o s, esul ing in con lic ing egula ions and inadequa e
suppo . This poses a signi ican ba ie o he smoo h adop ion o clima e change solu ions and
necessi a es alignmen be ween policy and sec o al needs.
Psychological Dis ance: While no uni o m ac oss egions, he p esence o psychological dis ance in
ce ain s akeholde s can hinde hei engagemen wi h clima e change solu ions. I is essen ial o add ess
his psychological ba ie h ough a ge ed communica ion and engagemen s a egies.
25
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Facili a o s:
Use o Da a o Decision-Making: Galicia and O is ano emphasized he impo ance o da a-d i en
decision-making. Le e aging da a and in o ma ion om moni o ing sys ems can acili a e mo e in o med
and e ec i e esponses o clima e change challenges. This acili a o should guide ou s a egies in WP3
on En isioning ans o ma i e pa hways o he demons a o s and WP4 on Ac ionable adap i e solu ions
implemen a ion.
Na u e-Based T ans o ma ions: O is ano unde sco ed he signi icance o na u e-based ans o ma ions
and sus ainabili y e o s. These acili a o s can se e as key s a egies o add essing clima e change
impac s while p omo ing en i onmen al sus ainabili y.
Collabo a ion: In Galicia, s akeholde s equen ly exp essed a willingness o collabo a e ac i ely in
implemen ing solu ions. This collabo a i e a i ude can be ha nessed as a acili a o o d i e posi i e
change.
Tailo ing S a egies o WP3 and WP4: To guide he p io iza ion o adap i e pa hways in Task 3.4 and he
design o speci ic ac i i ies o ci izens and s akeholde s in WP4 (T4.1.1, T4.1.2, and T4.1.3), i is
impe a i e ha we conside hese iden i ied ba ie s and acili a o s. Ou s a egies should aim o
o e come ba ie s by p omo ing coo dina ion, add essing disconnec s in poli ical managemen , and
b idging psychological dis ance. Simul aneously, we should le e age acili a o s such as da a-d i en
decision-making, na u e-based ans o ma ions, and collabo a ion o enhance he adop ion o beha io s
aligned wi h ou p ojec 's goals.
By aligning ou e o s wi h hese insigh s, we can ailo ou app oaches o e ec i ely igge beha io al
changes and ad ance ou p ojec 's objec i es. The iden i ied ba ie s will guide us in mi iga ing
challenges, while he acili a o s will se e as d i e s o success ul ou comes in he upcoming phases o
ou p ojec .
This epo is a aluable esou ce, o e ing a comp ehensi e and de ailed examina ion o s akeholde
pe spec i es on clima e change and he p oposed solu ions. I p o ides a solid ounda ion o s a egic
decision-making by cla i ying he challenges and illumina ing he pa hs o wa d. Unde s anding and
add essing social accep ance is cen al o clima e change ini ia i es, and his epo equips us wi h he
insigh s needed o cha ha cou se e ec i ely.
32
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
3. Phases
Ou p o ocol encompasses a se ies o me iculously planned s eps and comp ehensi e
ins uc ions o acili a e he sys ema ic execu ion o he en i e p ocess. Fo cla i ica ion, we p esen he
in o ma ion amed in he objec i es o he T an o mA p ojec .

33
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
4. Focus g oup p epa a ion
Adequa e p epa a ion is necessa y o conduc ing a success ul ocus g oup s udy. Be o e
ini ia ing he ocus g oup sessions, de ining he p ima y aim he s udy seeks o achie e is necessa y.
Cla i y in ou lining his main aim is c ucial o guiding he en i e esea ch p ocess.
1.1 4.1. DEFINE THE MAIN AIM
Clea ly ou line he main aim he ocus g oup has.
The main aim o he ocus g oup s udy should be a icula ed wi h p ecision and conciseness. I
guides he di ec ion o he esea ch and ensu es ha he objec i es emain aligned wi h he o e a ching
goal. De ining his aim in ol es se e al key conside a ions:
Cla i y o Pu pose: The aim should be unambiguous, lea ing no oom o misin e p e a ion. I should
answe he undamen al ques ion o wha he s udy seeks o in es iga e.
Rele ance o Resea ch Ques ions: The main aim should di ec ly co ela e wi h he esea ch ques ions
posed a he s udy's ou se . I should e lec he cen al heme ha he s udy aims o explo e, which, in
ou case, is he in luence o sou ce c edibili y on accep ance le els and inqui ies ega ding clima e change
adap a ion solu ions.
Alignmen wi h Hypo heses: The aim should ha monize wi h he s udy's hypo heses, ensu ing ha i
encapsula es he an icipa ed ou comes. Ou s udy aligns wi h he hypo hesis ha accep ance will be
highe when a scien i ically quali ied sou ce p esen s he solu ion.
Scope and Focus: I is essen ial o delinea e he bounda ies o he aim, speci ying wha alls wi hin i s
scope and wha lies ou side o i . This p e en s he s udy om becoming o e ly b oad o angen ial o
he co e esea ch objec i e.
P ac ical Implica ions: Conside a ion o he p ac ical implica ions o he aim is impo an . How will he
indings om he ocus g oup s udy con ibu e o he b oade p ojec objec i es and, ul ima ely, o he
ield o clima e change adap a ion? Unde s anding he signi icance o he aim helps con ex ualize he
esea ch wi hin he la ge amewo k.
E hical Conside a ions: Ensu ing ha he aim adhe es o e hical p inciples is c i ical. This includes
sa egua ding pa icipan con iden iali y, ob aining in o med consen , and e hically conduc ing he s udy.
EXAMPLE FOR TRANSFORMAR: The p ima y aim o ou ocus g oup s udy is o in es iga e he impac o
he p esen e 's p o ile—dis inguishing be ween indi iduals wi h scien i ic expe ise and hose wi hou —
on he le els o accep ance and he ex en o inqui y ega ding clima e change adap a ion p ojec s.
Speci ically, we seek o de e mine whe he he p esen e 's backg ound signi ican ly in luences he
34
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
pa icipan s' willingness o accep p oposed clima e change adap a ion solu ions and he dep h o
ques ioning du ing he discussions. Ou cen al hypo hesis posi s ha solu ions p esen ed by indi iduals
wi h scien i ic quali ica ions will exhibi highe accep ance a es and encoun e ewe que ies han hose
p esen ed by non-scien i ic indi iduals.
35
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
1.2 4.2. Ques ionnai e o P e and Pos Focus G oup Phase:
Selec Es ablished Measu es
In he p epa a ion phase o he ocus g oup s udy, ca e ully selec ing measu emen ools is
impo an o ensu e he eliabili y and alidi y o he da a collec ed. We emphasize he u iliza ion o well-
es ablished and psychome ically alida ed measu es whene e easible. These measu es ha e
unde gone igo ous es ing in p io esea ch, hus demons a ing hei eliabili y and alidi y in assessing
he cons uc s o in e es .
When conside ing which measu es o inco po a e, we ecommend e iewing exis ing li e a u e
and esea ch o iden i y ins umen s ha ha e p o en e ec i e in e alua ing he speci ic ac o s aimed
o explo e. This p ocess in ol es sc u inizing he eliabili y and alidi y me ics de i ed om p e ious
s udies, gua an eeing ha he chosen measu es a e bo h dependable and capable o accu a ely cap u ing
he a ge ed phenomena.
By d awing upon he knowledge accumula ed in he ield, we ecommend employing measu es
ha ha e al eady demons a ed hei u ili y in assessing he accep ance and ques ioning o clima e
change adap a ion p ojec s. This s a egic app oach enhances he da a collec ion p ocess's obus ness
and bols e s he indings' c edibili y.
Response Op ions
In designing he ques ionnai e o bo h he p e and pos - ocus g oup phases, ca e ul
conside a ion is gi en o p o iding app op ia e esponse op ions. The selec ion o esponse o ma s is a
c i ical aspec o ensu ing he eliabili y and alidi y o he da a.
We inco po a e a a ie y o esponse op ions, including Like scales, mul iple-choice ques ions,
and open-ended que ies, o accommoda e di e se pa icipan p e e ences and encou age
comp ehensi e esponses. U ilizing hese a ied esponse o ma s allows o a nuanced unde s anding
o pa icipan pe spec i es, anging om quan i a i e assessmen s o quali a i e insigh s.
To minimize esponse bias and main ain he in eg i y o he da a, we implemen balanced scales
whene e applicable. Balanced scales encompass an equal numbe o posi i e and nega i e esponse
op ions, hus mi iga ing he po en ial o esponden s o exhibi sys ema ic esponse endencies. I
ensu es ha he da a collec ed h ough he ques ionnai e accu a ely e lec s he nuances o pa icipan
pe cep ions and a i udes, enabling us o d aw obus conclusions om he ensuing analysis.
EXAMPLE FOR TRANSFORMAR:
36
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Cons uc
Gene al s a emen
Adap ed i em
Measu emen
Applica ion
ime
Pe cep ion o
e ec s o
Clima e
Change (CC)
Below a e some consequences/
ans o ma ions associa ed wi h clima e
change. Please indica e how likely you
hink hese
consequences/ ans o ma ions will a ec
Galicia, aking in o accoun ha 1 is " e y
unlikely" and 7 is " e y likely."
Changes in he quan i y and quali y o mussels and clams
5-poin Like scale (1
= e y unlikely o 5 =
e y likely)
P e-phase
Pos -phase
Changes in he quan i y and quali y o oods p oduced in he
sea, such as ish o shell ish.
Inc ease in sea wa e empe a u e
Changes in sea le el
Inc ease in ex eme e en s in win e (e.g. wa es and s o ms)
Inc ease in ex eme e en s in summe (e.g. hea and i es)
Excessi e algae g ow h and he o ma ion o ed ides
Psychological
Dis ance (DS)
Wi h wha p obabili y do you hink ha clima e change will signi ican ly a ec Galicia? (DS Geog aphic)
Wi h 1 being "No a
all likely" and 5 being
"Ve y likely."
P e-phase
Pos -phase
In wha ime ame do you hink clima e change will become a eally se ious p oblem in Galicia?
(Tempo a y DS)
Ne e = 1 Long e m
= 2 Medium e m = 3
Sho e m = 4
Al eady a p oblem =
5
How likely do you hink clima e change will a ec you o you amily? (DSSocial)
Wi h 1 being "No a
all likely" and 5 being
"Ve y likely."
Impo ance o
aquacul u e
How impo an do you hink aquacul u e is o Galicia?
5-poin Like scale
(1 = no a all
impo an o 5 = e y
impo an )
P e-phase
Pos -phase
Wi h wha p obabili y do you hink ha clima e change will a ec aquacul u e in Galicia?
Wi h 1 being "No a
all likely" and 5 being
"Ve y likely."
37
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Cons uc
Gene al s a emen
Adap ed i em
Measu emen
Applica ion
ime
Pe cep ion o
e ec i eness
o T ans o mA
solu ions
Below a e a se ies o
echnical and
enginee ing solu ions
o add ess clima e
change. Please a e
how e ec i e you
hink each o hese
solu ions is in
adap ing o clima e
change in Galicia,
using a scale o 1 o 7,
whe e 1 means
" o ally ine ec i e"
and 7 means " o ally
e ec i e."
C ea e sys ems and esou ces ha allow us o ha e enough wa e in imes o
d ough o supply he popula ion and ag icul u e.
5-poin Like scale
(1 = comple ely
ine ec i e o 5 =
comple ely e ec i e)
P e-phase
Pos -phase
Use echnology o imp o e he managemen o mussel ponds and hus be able o
be e adap o clima e changes
Find ways o g ow plan s ha need less wa e and can be e wi hs and changes in
clima e
Look o new ways o manage shell ish beds and ind places whe e hey can
con inue o be exploi ed in an en i onmen o clima e change
S eng hen s uc u es ha a e ulne able o ising wa e le els, such as b idges, so
hey do no e ode o become damaged
De elop a ool ha allows iden i ying a eas ha need o be e adap o clima e
change and gi e hem p io i y in he alloca ion o esou ces and adap a ion
s a egies
Cons uc
Gene al s a emen
Adap ed i em
Measu emen
Applica ion
ime

38
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Accep ance o
T ans o mA
solu ions
On a scale whe e 1 is "To ally disag ee"
and 7 is "To ally ag ee", how much would
you ag ee o implemen he ollowing
adap a ion solu ions o clima e change in
Galicia:
C ea e sys ems and esou ces ha allow us o ha e enough
wa e in imes o d ough o supply he popula ion and
ag icul u e.
5-poin Like scale
(1 = s ongly disag ee
o 5 = s ongly ag ee)
P e-phase
Pos -phase
Use echnology o imp o e he managemen o mussel ponds
and hus be able o be e adap o clima e changes
Find ways o g ow plan s ha need less wa e and can be e
wi hs and changes in clima e
Look o new ways o manage shell ish beds and ind places
whe e hey can con inue o be exploi ed in an en i onmen o
clima e change
S eng hen s uc u es ha a e ulne able o ising wa e le els,
such as b idges, so hey do no e ode o become damaged
De elop a ool ha allows iden i ying a eas ha need o be e
adap o clima e change and gi e hem p io i y in he alloca ion
o esou ces and adap a ion s a egies
Cons uc
Gene al s a emen
Adap ed i em
Measu emen
39
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Pe cep ion o
change o
opinion
Do you conside ha he pe son who p epa ed he documen you ha e ead has compe en
knowledge o he opic add essed? (Foun ain)
5-poin Like scale (1 = no
a all compe en o 5 = much
be e )
Pos -phase
Do you hink he in o ma ion p esen ed in he ex abou clima e change p ojec ions o Galicia
and adap a ion solu ions o e s compe en knowledge on he opic add essed? (Foun ain)
5-poin Like scale (1 = no
a all compe en o 5 = much
be e )
To wha ex en a e you conce ned abou he p ojec ions p esen ed on he e ec s o clima e change
in Galicia? (p ojec ions)
5-poin Like scale (1 = no
a all wo ied o 5 = e y
wo ied)
To wha ex en has he in o ma ion p o ided by he pe son in he ex and/o he discussion
gene a ed in he g oup in luenced you esponse o his ques ionnai e? (sou ce s discussion
compa ison) • The in o ma ion p o ided by he pe son in he ex • The discussion ha was
gene a ed among he g oup
No a all = 1 Ve y li le = 2
Nei he a all no much = 3
Qui e a bi = 4 A lo = 5
Which o he ideas p esen ed in he ex o ha eme ged om he discussion ha e in e es ed you
he mos and o wha eason? (sou ce s discussion compa ison)
Open ques ion
40
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
1.3 4.3. Tex o Discussion
In he con ex o ou ocus g oup s udy, he Tex o Discussion is key in acili a ing a
meaning ul and in o med exchange o ideas among pa icipan s. I se es as he ehicle h ough
which we p esen c ucial in o ma ion ega ding he p ojec ions o clima e change e ec s and
he p oposed adap a ion s a egies. To ensu e he e ec i eness o his ex , we adhe e o he
ollowing guidelines:
a. Clea and Accessible Language
We ecognize he signi icance o clea and accessible language o e ec i e
communica ion. The ex should be c a ed o be comp ehensible o pa icipan s om di e se
backg ounds, ensu ing ha no one is excluded due o linguis ic o echnical ba ie s. We
ecommend using plain language p inciples o make complex scien i ic concep s and adap a ion
s a egies accessible o all pa icipan s.
b. Begin wi h he Region Con ex
The ex commences by p o iding a con ex ual backd op speci ic o he egion unde
s udy. By g ounding he discussion in he egional con ex , pa icipan s comp ehensi ely
unde s and he geog aphical, ecological, and sociocul u al ac o s a play. This egional con ex
p imes pa icipan s o comp ehend be e he signi icance o clima e change e ec s and he
a ionale behind p oposed adap a ion s a egies.
c. P esen In o ma ion on P esen and Fu u e Impac s
P o ide pa icipan s wi h a comp ehensi e o e iew o he egion's p esen and
an icipa ed u u e impac s o clima e change. This includes clea and e idence-based
desc ip ions o he challenges posed by clima e change, such as ising empe a u es, changing
p ecipi a ion pa e ns, and hei consequences on ecosys ems, economies, and communi ies.
d. Explain Adap a ion S a egies
In andem wi h elucida ing he clima e change challenges, he ex in oduces and
explains he adap a ion s a egies de ised wi hin he p ojec . Ou line he s a egic ini ia i es
and in e en ions o mi iga e he iden i ied isks and enhance he egion's esilience o clima e
change. Each adap a ion s a egy should clea ly desc ibe i s objec i es, me hods, and expec ed
ou comes.
Emphasize he p ac ical implica ions o hese s a egies, highligh ing how hey a e
ailo ed o add ess he speci ic needs and ulne abili ies o he egion. The ex should ocus on
41
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
he p agma ic aspec s o implemen a ion, s i ing o con ey how he s a egies will angibly
bene i he communi y and ecosys em.
TRANFORMAR EXAMPLE FOR GALICIAN SITE:
P ojec ions o clima e change in he es ua ies in Galicia and adap a ion solu ions
Galicia is one o he mos impo an ishing egions in he Eu opean Union, wi h a g ea
dependence on income om his sec o . Howe e , he Galician coas is e y ulne able o
clima e change.
On he one hand, he concen a ion o indus ial ac i i y and habi abili y in he Rías Al as
and Rías Baixas inc eases p essu e on coas al ecosys ems; and ishing and aquacul u e ac i i ies
can unbalance he na u al unc ioning o ecosys ems. On he o he hand, he ise in sea le el
and win e s o ms ep esen a la en h ea o coas al in as uc u e, po en ially causing
looding and i s p og essi e de e io a ion. Addi ionally, he inc ease in he in ensi y and
equency o ex eme e en s, such as hea wa es, d ough s and p olonged i e seasons, will
nega i ely impac shell ish aquacul u e and he conse a ion o ma ine species.
P ojec ions indica e ha he wa e empe a u e in he es ua ies o Galicia will inc ease
by 2.4 deg ees Celsius pe cen u y and he sea le el by 9.8 cm pe decade. Likewise, p ecipi a ion
in wind egimes can accele a e e osion and sedimen a ion p ocesses and con ibu e o
dese i ica ion and he de elopmen o a id a eas. Addi ionally, coas al acidi ica ion can ha e
nega i e e ec s on ma ine li e.
Due o his, he aquacul u e sec o aces h ea s such as he al e a ion o nu ien
e iliza ion pa e ns, he p esence o in asi e species, he inc ease in ha m ul algal blooms and
he nega i e impac o ex eme wea he e en s on he s uc u es o he ponds. mussel and he
biomass losses associa ed wi h he de achmen o mussels om he opes. Fu he mo e,
inc easing wa e empe a u es and ele an luc ua ions in coas al oceanog aphic and
hyd ological a iables inc ease clam mo ali y and educed p oduc i i y. Consequen ly, i is
u gen o implemen adap a ion measu es o add ess he challenges posed by clima e change
in ma ine and coas al ecosys em.
In esponse o his need, h ee inno a i e solu ions o adap a ion o clima e change in
he es ua ies o Galicia ha e been p oposed.
48
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Guiding ca ego ies
Axis o inqui y
Guiding ques ions
Rele ance
Su iciency
Cohe ence
Syn ax and
seman ics
Pe cep ion o he p oposed
solu ion: people's assessmen
o he e ec i eness and
iabili y o p oposed solu ions
o adap o clima e change.
E ec i eness: pe cep ion o
he capaci y o he p oposed
solu ion o add ess and
esol e he p oblems
associa ed wi h clima e
change, aking in o accoun
he limi a ions and
esou ces a ailable.
Wha do you hink o he p oposed solu ions?
Wha doub s do you ha e?
Do you hink hey ha e posi i e e ec s on he
aquacul u e and shell ish sec o ? which is i ?
And in o he sec o s/ac o s?
Do you hink hey ha e nega i e e ec s on
he aquacul u e and shell ish sec o ? Which
ones? And in o he sec o s/ac o s?
Wha adap a ion measu es o clima e change
would you p opose o he sec o ?
How easible do you hink i is o implemen
he p oposed solu ions?
Wha do you hink would be he main e ec s
ha he p oposed solu ions would ha e?
Do you hink he p oposed solu ions a e
use ul/app op ia e o he needs and
esou ces we ha e in Galicia?

49
T ans o mA Deli e able 1.4
Guiding ca ego ies
Axis o inqui y
Guiding ques ions
Rele ance
Su iciency
Cohe ence
Syn ax and
seman ics
Pe cep ion o he p oposed
solu ion: people's
assessmen o he
e ec i eness and iabili y
o p oposed solu ions o
adap o clima e change.
Ba ie s: obs acles o di icul ies ha
people pe cei e o exis in implemen ing
he p oposed clima e change adap a ion
solu ion, including ba ie s ha
s uc u ally disad an age ce ain g oups
(s uc u al ba ie s), inancial ba ie s,
ime ba ie s, and insu icien knowledge
and de e ence e ec o a complex opic
(insu icien knowledge/complexi y o he
opic).
Wha limi a ions/ba ie s do you
see o implemen ing he p oposed
solu ions?
Who do you hink could be ha med
by he p oposed solu ions?
How do you hink people in ol ed
in he aquacul u e sec o will iew
he p oposed solu ions?
Accep ance o he p oposed solu ion: willingness o suppo and adop he
p oposed clima e change adap a ion solu ion.
Wha do you hink o he p oposed
solu ions o adap o clima e
change in Galicia?
Do you hink ha in gene al hese
p oposed solu ions would gain
suppo ?
Wha do you hink is impo an o
ake in o accoun so ha he
p oposed solu ions can be
accep ed?
5. Focus g oup execu ion
The execu ion phase o he ocus g oup is cha ac e ized by me iculous planning and adhe ence
o es ablished p o ocols. This phase encompasses se e al c i ical s eps o ensu e ocus g oup sessions'
smoo h and e hical conduc .
1.5 5.1. De elopmen
Be o e ini ia ing he ocus g oup session, i is necessa y o e i y ha all essen ial ma e ials and
p epa a ions a e in place. This includes:
• In o med Consen : Ensu ing ha in o med consen o ms a e eadily a ailable o all pa icipan s.
These o ms p o ide pa icipan s wi h a comp ehensi e unde s anding o he s udy's objec i es,
p ocedu es, and hei igh s as pa icipan s.
• P in ed Tex P esen ing Solu ions: Ensu ing ha p in ed copies o he ex p esen ing clima e
change adap a ion solu ions a e a ailable and in sui able condi ion. These ex s se e as he
ounda ion o he discussion and mus be easily accessible o all pa icipan s.
• Reco de : Con i ming he unc ionali y o he audio/ ideo eco de , which is ins umen al in
cap u ing he dialogue and in e ac ions du ing he session. This eco ding is i al o he accu acy
o da a analysis.
• Focus G oup Ques ion Guide: Ve i ying he p esence o he me iculously c a ed Discussion
Guide, which se es as a acili a o and ensu es ha c i ical opics a e co e ed du ing he session.
Execu ion Sequence:
MODERATOR PRESENTATION AND GENERAL INTRODUCTION: The session begins wi h he
mode a o 's in oduc ion, ou lining he pu pose o he ocus g oup and se ing he one o he
discussion. Pa icipan s a e p o ided wi h a gene al o e iew o he session's dynamics, ensu ing hey
know wha o expec .
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: EXPLANATION AND INFORMED CONSENT: Be o e del ing in o
subs an i e discussions, pa icipan s a e p o ided wi h a de ailed explana ion o he s udy's e hical
p inciples. This includes emphasizing he olun a y na u e o pa icipa ion, con iden iali y o esponses,
and he igh o wi hd aw om he s udy a any poin wi hou consequences. Pa icipan s a e hen asked
o p o ide in o med consen , a i ming hei willingness o pa icipa e based on a clea unde s anding o
hese p inciples.
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RECORDING: SETTING UP AUDIO/VIDEO RECORDING: The audio/ ideo eco ding equipmen is se
up and es ed o ensu e i unc ions op imally h oughou he session. This eco ding is conduc ed wi h
he u mos ega d o pa icipan p i acy, adhe ing o e hical s anda ds.
DISCUSSION COMMENCEMENT: Wi h all p epa a ions in place and in o med consen secu ed, he
acili a o ini ia es he discussion ollowing he Discussion Guide. The guide se es as a s uc u ed
amewo k o he con e sa ion, guiding pa icipan s h ough a sys ema ic explo a ion o he designa ed
opics and ques ions.
Du ing he execu ion phase, he ocus is on c ea ing a conduci e en i onmen o open and candid
dialogue while adhe ing o e hical p inciples and p ocedu al p o ocols. This igo ous app oach gua an ees
he in eg i y o ou da a collec ion p ocess and os e s a espec ul and cons uc i e a mosphe e o
pa icipan engagemen .
1.6 5.2. Tips o Mode a o p esen a ion
The ole o he mode a o in acili a ing a ocus g oup session is undamen al in c ea ing an
en i onmen o us , openness, and p oduc i e discussion. The mode a o 's in oduc o y p esen a ion
is c i ical o es ablishing appo and ensu ing pa icipan s' com o . He e a e some ips o guide he
mode a o 's p esen a ion:
a. Exp ess G a i ude o Pa icipa ion: Begin he p esen a ion by exp essing genuine g a i ude o
he pa icipan s' willingness o con ibu e o he esea ch p ojec . Recognize he alue o hei
ime and insigh s, emphasizing he signi icance o hei in ol emen in ad ancing he
unde s anding o clima e change adap a ion.
b. Seek Pe mission o Reco d and Use In o ma ion: Reques pe mission o eco d he ocus g oup
session and u ilize he in o ma ion collec ed o esea ch pu poses. Ensu e ha pa icipan s
unde s and he pu pose o eco ding, p ima ily o cap u e hei aluable con ibu ions
accu a ely.
c. Explain Da a P i acy Policy: P o ide a concise o e iew o he p i acy policy, highligh ing he
measu es o sa egua d pa icipan con iden iali y and anonymi y. Cla i y pa icipan s' conce ns
abou da a secu i y and eassu e hem o he commi men o p o ec ing hei in o ma ion.
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d. Ob ain Consen : Ask pa icipan s o e iew and, i hey ag ee, sign he in o med consen o m.
This o malizes hei olun a y pa icipa ion in he s udy, demons a ing hei unde s anding o
he esea ch's e hical amewo k.
e. Discuss Session Du a ion: In o m pa icipan s abou he expec ed du a ion o he ocus g oup,
which ypically anges om one o one and a hal hou s. This allows hem o alloca e hei ime
acco dingly and ensu es hey a e p epa ed o he session's du a ion.
. Summa ize Resea ch Objec i es: P o ide a concise summa y o he o e a ching objec i es o he
esea ch p ojec . This includes ou lining he s udy's cen al hemes, such as examining he impac
o he p esen e 's p o ile on he accep ance and ques ioning o clima e change adap a ion
solu ions. Ensu e pa icipan s ha e a clea unde s anding o he s udy's goals.
g. Emphasize Pe sonal Expe iences and Pe cep ions: Highligh he impo ance o pa icipan s'
pe sonal expe iences, pe cep ions, and a i udes in con ibu ing o he s udy. Thei unique
insigh s and pe spec i es a e in aluable in shaping he esea ch's ou comes. Encou age hem o
sha e openly and hones ly.
These ips o mode a o p esen a ion es ablish a conduci e a mosphe e o p oduc i e ocus
g oup discussions. This app oach p omo es pa icipan engagemen and s esses he commi men o
e hical esea ch p ac ices and he espec ul ea men o he alued pa icipan s.
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1.7 5.3. Tips o he Mode a o Du ing he Discussion
The ole o he mode a o du ing he ocus g oup discussion is also c i ical in s ee ing he
con e sa ion owa d p oduc i e ou comes. To ensu e a well-managed and inclusi e discussion, he e a e
some ips o he mode a o :
a. Main ain Time Managemen : E ec i e ime managemen is essen ial o co e all in ended opics
o ques ions wi hin he alloca ed session ime. The mode a o should keep a wa ch ul eye on he
clock and disc ee ly use cues o manage he pace o he discussion. Gen le eminde s help ensu e
discussions emain ocused and on schedule, allowing o comp ehensi e co e age o all essen ial
poin s.
b. Encou age Equal Pa icipa ion: One o he mode a o 's key esponsibili ies is o os e an
en i onmen whe e all pa icipan s eel com o able sha ing hei pe spec i es. I is c ucial o
ac i ely encou age quie e pa icipan s o exp ess hemsel es and ensu e no oice goes unhea d.
Employ s a egies such as di ec in i a ions o quie e indi iduals and mode a ion o dominan
oices o balance pa icipa ion.
c. Summa ize Key Poin s: Pe iodically summa izing key poin s made by pa icipan s se es mul iple
pu poses. I helps main ain cla i y and unde s anding wi hin he discussion, ensu ing ha
impo an insigh s a e no los in he con e sa ion's low. Addi ionally, summa izing allows
pa icipan s o con i m ha hei iews ha e been accu a ely ep esen ed, p omo ing a sense o
alida ion and engagemen .
d. Conclude he Discussion: As he discussion app oaches i s conclusion, he mode a o should
acili a e a smoo h w ap-up. Exp ess g a i ude o pa icipan s o hei in aluable con ibu ions
o he esea ch p ojec , acknowledging he impo ance o hei insigh s in ad ancing he
unde s anding o clima e change adap a ion. In i e pa icipan s' inal hough s o commen s o
ensu e ha no c i ical ideas o pe spec i es a e le unexplo ed.

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6. Focus g oup da a analysis
The da a analysis phase o he ocus g oup s udy is a me iculous p ocess aimed a de i ing
meaning ul insigh s om he collec ed da a.
1.8 6.1. Main s eps o da a analysis
In his sec ion, we will ou line he main s eps in ol ed in he da a analysis p ocess. These s eps
a e in eg al o ou app oach, ensu ing he e ec i e handling and in e p e a ion o he da a we ga he .
a. Da a Managemen : Managing all eco ded audio, ideo, o w i en da a is cen al o da a analysis.
We p io i ize he sa e s o age and managemen o hese ma e ials, ensu ing ha pe sonal
in o ma ion emains con iden ial and ha da a is anonymized when necessa y o p o ec
pa icipan iden i ies.
b. T ansc ip ion: T ansc ip ion is a undamen al s ep in he da a analysis p ocess. I in ol es
con e ing he spoken wo ds om audio o ideo eco dings in o w i en ex . We may u ilize
ansc ip ion so wa e o se ices o enhance e iciency while main aining a commi men o
accu acy and comple eness.
c. Da a Familia iza ion: Upon ob aining ansc ibed da a, he ini ial analysis phase in ol es
amilia izing ou sel es wi h he con en . This en ails eading o lis ening o he ansc ip s o
unde s and he discussion's dynamics, pa icipan s' con ibu ions, and he con ex in which he
con e sa ion un olded.
d. C ea e a Coding Sys em: A c i ical s ep in da a analysis is de eloping a sys ema ic coding sys em.
We c ea e a codebook ha de ines each code, o e ing clea desc ip ions and illus a i e
examples o wha alls unde each code ca ego y. This me iculous p ocess ensu es consis ency
and eliabili y when coding he da a.
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1.9 6.2. Main s eps o he epo
In his sec ion, we ou line he key s eps in ou epo c ea ion p ocess, which a e ins umen al in
p esen ing he ou comes o ou analysis e ec i ely. These s eps guide us in ans o ming aw da a in o
meaning ul insigh s:
a. Thema ic Analysis: We g oup ela ed codes o o m b oade hemes o ca ego ies du ing he
analysis phase. These hemes encapsula e he essence o wha pa icipan s discussed, allowing
us o cla i y he co e indings om he da a. Themes may e ol e and be eo ganized as he
analysis p og esses.
b. Da a Reduc ion: Da a educ ion in ol es condensing he da a wi hin each heme. We summa ize
he con en , iden i ying key quo es o exce p s ha exempli y each heme. These selec ed
exce p s se e as e idence o suppo ou indings, en iching he dep h o ou analysis.
c. Da a In e p e a ion: Beyond summa izing, we in e p e he meaning behind he hemes and
pa e ns iden i ied. This s ep in ol es conside ing he con ex , nuances, and implica ions o
pa icipan s' esponses, allowing us o de i e deepe insigh s.
d. Discussion and In e p e a ion: In he inal phase o he epo , we discuss he implica ions o ou
indings and hei alignmen wi h ou esea ch objec i es. We conside he p ac ical implica ions
o ou analysis and explo e any ecommenda ions om he s udy. This discussion and
in e p e a ion phase p o ides a comp ehensi e pe spec i e on he signi icance o ou esea ch
in he con ex o clima e change adap a ion.
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7. Conclusion
To unde s and public pe cep ions and enhance social accep ance o clima e change adap a ion
solu ions, we ha e p esen ed a comp ehensi e p oposal o a p o ocol o conduc ocus g oups wi hin
he T ans o mA p ojec (Accele a ing and upscaling ans o ma ional adap a ion in Eu ope:
demons a ion o wa e - ela ed inno a ion packages). This p o ocol ep esen s a aluable ool o
achie ing he esea ch objec i es.
Ou ocus g oup p o ocol encompasses a se ies o essen ial elemen s ha ensu e he esea ch
p ocess's in eg i y, inclusi i y, and igo . F om delinea ing esea ch objec i es o de eloping a sys ema ic
discussion guide, e e y ace o he p o ocol is c a ed o cla i y he me hodological p ocedu e.
Th oughou he p oposal, we ha e emphasized he signi icance o clea and accessible
communica ion. We ecognize ou pa icipan s' di e se backg ounds and pe spec i es and a e
commi ed o os e ing an en i onmen whe e all oices a e hea d. Ou app oach o mode a o
p esen a ion, pa icipan engagemen , and da a analysis p io i izes inclusi i y and e hical conside a ions.
In he da a analysis phase, we emphasize he impo ance o sys ema ic coding and hema ic
analysis o cla i y meaning ul insigh s om he ich da a collec ed du ing ocus g oup sessions. By
adhe ing o hese es ablished p ac ices, we aim o p o ide obus indings ha in o m he
implemen a ion o clima e change adap a ion ini ia i es.
As we con empla e he p oposed p o ocol's po en ial impac , we ecognize i s b oade
applicabili y beyond he T ans o mA p ojec . I is a aluable ool ha can be ha nessed in simila
p ojec s, enhancing da a collec ion, p omo ing in o med dialogue, and imp o ing social accep ance o
clima e change adap a ion solu ions.
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ANNEX 2: FOCUS GROUP PROTOCOL PRESENTATION
Accele a ing and upscaling ans o ma ional adap a ion in Eu ope:
demons a ion o wa e - ela ed inno a ion packages
This p ojec has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon H2020 inno a ion ac ion p og amme unde
g an ag eemen 101036683.
Planning o Focus G oup
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Focus g oup p epa a ion
Tex o Discussion
Tex o discussion
Gene a e a ex o p esen he p ojec ions o he e ec s o clima e change and he p oposed
adap a ion s a egies
a. Use clea and accessible language
b. Begin wi h he egion con ex
c. P o ide in o ma ion on he p esen and u u e impac s o clima e change in he egion
d. Explain he Adap a ion S a egies om T ans o mA
3
Focus g oup p epa a ion
Tex o Discussion
Tex o discussion
P ojec ions o clima e change in he es ua ies in Galicia and adap a ion solu ions
3
Galicia is one o he mos impo an ishing egions in he
Eu opean Union, wi h a g ea dependence on income om his
sec o . Howe e , he Galician coas is e y ulne able o clima e
change.
On he one hand, he concen a ion o indus ial ac i i y and
habi abili y in he Rías Al as and Rías Baixas inc eases p essu e on
coas al ecosys ems; and ishing and aquacul u e ac i i ies can
unbalance he na u al unc ioning o ecosys ems. On he o he
hand, he ise in sea le el and win e s o ms ep esen a la en
h ea o coas al in as uc u e, po en ially causing looding and i s
p og essi e de e io a ion. Addi ionally, he inc ease in he
in ensi y and equency o ex eme e en s, such as hea wa es,
d ough s and p olonged i e seasons, will nega i ely impac
shell ish aquacul u e and he conse a ion o ma ine species.
P ojec ions indica e ha he wa e empe a u e in he es ua ies o
Galicia will inc ease by 2.4 deg ees Celsius pe cen u y and he
sea le el by 9.8 cm pe decade. Likewise, p ecipi a ion in wind
egimes can accele a e e osion and sedimen a ion p ocesses and
con ibu e o dese i ica ion and he de elopmen o a id a eas.
Addi ionally, coas al acidi ica ion can ha e nega i e e ec s on
ma ine li e.
Due o his, he aquacul u e sec o aces h ea s such as he
al e a ion o nu ien e iliza ion pa e ns, he p esence o in asi e
species, he inc ease in ha m ul algal blooms and he nega i e
impac o ex eme wea he e en s on he s uc u es o he ponds.
mussel and he biomass losses associa ed wi h he de achmen o
mussels om he opes. Fu he mo e, inc easing wa e
empe a u es and ele an luc ua ions in coas al oceanog aphic
and hyd ological a iables inc ease clam mo ali y and educed
p oduc i i y.

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Focus g oup p epa a ion
Tex o Discussion
Tex o discussion
P ojec ions o clima e change in he es ua ies in Galicia and adap a ion solu ions
3
Consequen ly, i is u gen o implemen adap a ion measu es
o add ess he challenges posed by clima e change in ma ine and
coas al ecosys em.
In esponse o his need, h ee inno a i e solu ions o
adap a ion o clima e change in he es ua ies o Galicia ha e been
p oposed.
The i s solu ion p oposed is he digi aliza ion o mussel
ays, which imp o es he managemen capaci y o he
aquacul u e sec o and allows an immedia e esponse o dange s
ela ed o clima e change h ough eal- ime moni o ing.
This solu ion has se e al ad an ages. On he one hand, i
allows you o ob ain eal- ime in o ma ion on en i onmen al
condi ions, such as wa e empe a u e, wa e quali y, oxygen le els
and salini y. This enables ea ly de ec ion o possible al e a ions
and he adop ion o p e en i e o mi iga ion measu es o p o ec
c ops and educe nega i e impac s.
Fu he mo e, he digi aliza ion o mussel ays op imizes
aquacul u e managemen . Da a collec ed in eal ime p o ides
p ecise moni o ing o en i onmen al condi ions and mussel
g ow h, helping o op imize a ming p ocesses and imp o e
p oduc i i y. I also allows aquacul u is s o adjus ope a ions
acco ding o en i onmen al condi ions and op imize p ocesses
ela ed o he supply o ood and medicine. In sho , i con ibu es
o mo e p o i able and sus ainable p oduc ion.
Howe e , i is impo an o conside he po en ial economic
and echnological ba ie s associa ed wi h implemen ing his
solu ion. The cos s o acqui ing equipmen and echnology, as well
as aining s a , can be signi ican and ep esen a ba ie o small
aquacul u e businesses o hose wi h limi ed inancial esou ces.
Addi ionally, he adop ion o digi al echnology and eal- ime
moni o ing sys ems may equi e specialized echnical skills and
knowledge, making i di icul o implemen and manage
e ec i ely in he absence o access o aining and echnology
expe s.
Focus g oup p epa a ion
Tex o Discussion
Tex o discussion
P ojec ions o clima e change in he es ua ies in Galicia and adap a ion solu ions
3
The second solu ion seeks o cha ac e ize and model
in e idal sandbanks in o de o acqui e accu a e and de ailed
da a on hei cu en s a e and p edic possible u u e changes. This
esul ing in o ma ion p o ides a mo e comple e unde s anding o
he ac o s ha in luence he dis ibu ion and a ailabili y o ma ine
esou ces used in shell ish ha es ing. By ha ing his knowledge,
he planning and managemen o shell ishing ac i i ies can be
imp o ed, achie ing g ea e sus ainabili y and minimizing
nega i e impac s.
Fu he mo e, he cha ac e iza ion o in e idal sandbanks
would allow ea ly iden i ica ion o al e a ions in he sedimen and
coas al ecosys ems. This ea ly de ec ion is essen ial o ake imely
measu es and mi iga e he nega i e e ec s o clima e change.
Howe e , i is impo an o conside he possible echnological
and economic ba ie s ha could a ise when implemen ing his
solu ion. Fi s , cha ac e iza ion and modeling equi e specialized
echniques and echnologies, such as sedimen sampling,
geospa ial analysis, and nume ical modeling. Lack o access o
hese ools o lack o adequa e echnical knowledge can make hei
implemen a ion di icul .
Addi ionally, he cos s associa ed wi h da a acquisi ion,
implemen a ion o modeling echniques, and s a aining can be
signi ican . This may limi he accessibili y and iabili y o he
solu ion, especially o communi ies o ins i u ions wi h limi ed
inancial esou ces.
Likewise, while he solu ion would allow o g ea e
knowledge and be e p ojec ions, he p ac ical applica ion o his
da a can p esen challenges. Fac o s such as egula ions,
a ailabili y o esou ces, and accep ance o new p ac ices can
in luence he e ec i eness o he solu ion.
Finally, he hi d p oposed solu ion is o gene a e a esilience
index o he mussel aquacul u e alue chain, p o iding
s akeholde s and policy make s wi h an assessmen and decision-
making ool.
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Focus g oup p epa a ion
Tex o Discussion
Tex o discussion
P ojec ions o clima e change in he es ua ies in Galicia and adap a ion solu ions
3
This index would allow s a egically iden i ying p io i y a eas o
ocus adap a ion e o s, p omo ing awa eness and beha io
change.
This solu ion has se e al signi ican ad an ages. Fi s ly, by
p o iding an app oach based on objec i e da a, he esilience index
would acili a e in o med decision-making, allowing he
iden i ica ion o c i ical and s a egic a eas in he mussel
aquacul u e alue chain.
Fu he mo e, he esilience index would be a dynamic ool
ha will allow moni o ing and e alua ing changes o e ime. This
acili a es con inuous imp o emen and adap a ion o clima e
change adap a ion s a egies, h ough egula assessmen s,
moni o ing p og ess and adjus ing ac ions as necessa y.
Howe e , he e a e challenges o conside in implemen ing he
esilience index. On he one hand, exis ing egula ions and
ins i u ional s uc u es may no be p epa ed o inco po a e his
app oach in o decision-making. Lack o alignmen wi h exis ing
policies and egula o y amewo ks can hinde hei e ec i e
in eg a ion in o planning and managemen p ocesses.
Fu he mo e, he adop ion o new ools and app oaches may
encoun e esis ance om s akeholde s and policy make s,
especially i he impo ance o clima e change adap a ion in he
mussel aquacul u e alue chain is no ully ecognized. This can
make i di icul o accep and in eg a e he esilience index in o
decision-making p ocesses.
Focus g oup p epa a ion
Discussion guide
•De elop Discussion Guide:
P epa e a discussion guide (sc ip ) wi h a lis o open-ended ques ions and opics
o co e du ing he session.
•S a wi h iceb eake ques ions
•Use open-ended ques ions
•Sequence ques ions logically
•Submi he guide o expe pee e iew ( o e iew pe ques ion: ele ance, su iciency,
cohe ence, syn ax and seman ics)
4
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Focus g oup p epa a ion
Discussion guide
Guiding ca ego ies Axis o inqui y Guiding ques ions
Rele ance
Su iciency
Cohe ence
Syn ax and
seman ics
Psychological dis ance:
pe cep ion
ha people ha e abou he p oximi y,
in empo al, social and geog aphical
e ms, o he e ec s o clima e change
on hei li es.
Tempo a y:
pe cep ion ha people
ha e abou when he e ec s o
clima e change will occu .
How do you hink clima e change will
a ec you u u e and ha o u u e
gene a ions?
Social:
pe cep ion ha people ha e
abou he closeness o dis ance hey
ha e wi h he social g oups a ec ed
by he e ec s o clima e change.
Do you hink people belie e ha
clima e change is cu en ly a p oblem?
Which people do you hink could be
mos a ec ed by clima e change in
Galicia? A e you wo ied abou
anyone in pa icula ?
Wha economic ac i i ies do you hink
may be a ec ed by clima e change?
Geog aphic:
pe cep ion ha people
ha e abou he physical dis ance
be ween hem and he e ec s o
clima e change.
How do you hink clima e change
a ec s/will a ec he es ua ies (o
di ec ly egional sea ood/aquacul u e
p oduc ion)?
Focus g oup p epa a ion
Discussion guide
Guiding ca ego ies Axis o inqui y Guiding ques ions
Rele ance
Su iciency
Cohe ence
Syn ax
and
seman ics
Th ea pe cep ion: pe son's assessmen
o he deg ee o dange o isk posed
by he e ec s o clima e change,
including hei pe sonal and collec i e
capaci y o con on and espond o
said h ea .
Risks: people's assessmen o he
possible dange s o h ea s ha may
a ise
as a esul o clima e change.
Wha a e he consequences/e ec s
o clima e change ha conce n you
mos ?
Pe sonal o collec i e capaci y: I e e s
o he pe cep ion ha people ha e
abou hei indi idual o collec i e
abili y o con on and espond
e ec i ely o he consequences o
clima e change.
Wha measu es do you hink we
should ake o adap o clima e
change?
Wha pe sonal o collec i e changes
do you hink would be necessa y o
adap o he e ec s o clima e
change?
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Focus g oup p epa a ion
Discussion guide
Guiding ca ego ies Axis o inqui y Guiding ques ions
Rele ance
Su iciency
Cohe ence
Syn ax
and
seman ics
Pe cep ion o he p oposed
solu ion: people's assessmen
o he e ec i eness and
iabili y o p oposed solu ions
o adap o clima e change.
E ec i eness: pe cep ion o
he capaci y o he
p oposed solu ion o
add ess and esol e he
p oblems associa ed wi h
clima e change, aking in o
accoun he limi a ions and
esou ces a ailable.
Wha do you hink o he p oposed
solu ions?
Wha doub s do you ha e?
Do you hink hey ha e posi i e e ec s on
he aquacul u e and shell ish sec o ? which
is i ? And in o he sec o s/ac o s?
Do you hink hey ha e nega i e e ec s on
he aquacul u e and shell ish sec o ? Which
ones? And in o he sec o s/ac o s?
Wha adap a ion measu es o clima e
change would you p opose o he sec o ?
How easible do you hink i is o
implemen he p oposed solu ions?
Wha do you hink would be he main
e ec s ha he p oposed solu ions would
ha e?
Do you hink he p oposed solu ions a e
use ul/app op ia e o he needs and
esou ces we ha e in Galicia?
Focus g oup p epa a ion
Discussion guide
Guiding ca ego ies Axis o inqui y Guiding ques ions
Rele ance
Su iciency
Cohe ence
Syn ax
and
seman ics
Pe cep ion o he p oposed
solu ion: people's assessmen o
he e ec i eness and iabili y o
p oposed solu ions o adap o
clima e change
.
Ba ie s:
obs acles o di icul ies
ha people pe cei e o exis in
implemen ing he p oposed
clima e change adap a ion
solu ion, including ba ie s ha
s uc u ally disad an age ce ain
g oups (s uc u al ba ie s),
inancial ba ie s, ime ba ie s,
and insu icien knowledge and
de e ence e ec o a complex
opic (insu icien
knowledge/complexi y o he
opic).
Wha limi a ions/ba ie s do you
see o implemen ing he
p oposed solu ions?
Who do you hink could be
ha med by he p oposed
solu ions?
How do you hink people
in ol ed in he aquacul u e
sec o will iew he p oposed
solu ions?
Accep ance o he p oposed solu ion
: willingness o suppo and
adop he p oposed clima e change adap a ion solu ion.
Wha do you hink o he
p oposed solu ions o adap o
clima e change in Galicia?
Do you hink ha in gene al
hese p oposed solu ions would
gain suppo ?
Wha do you hink is impo an
o
ake in o accoun so ha he
p oposed solu ions can be
accep ed?
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Focus g oup execu ion
De elopmen
Gene al explana ion o dynamic.
Explana ion and Ob ain In o med
Consen
Se Up Audio/Video Reco ding
Begin he discussion acco ding o he
discussion guide.
E hic
Reco ding
S a he
Discussion
Mode a o
p esen a ion
01
02
03
04
Be o e s a ing, e i y ha all he
ma e ial is in condi ion o ca y
ou he ocus g oup session:
•In o med consen
•P in ed ex p esen ing
solu ions
•Reco de
•Focus g oup ques ion guide

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Tips o Mode a o p esen a ion
01
02
03
04
05
Begin by exp essing g a i ude o he
pa icipa ion in he esea ch p ojec .
Ask o pe mission o eco d he in e iew and use
he in o ma ion collec ed o esea ch pu poses.
P o ide a b ie o e iew o he da a
p i acy policy and ask o he in e iewee's
signa u e on he consen o m.
.
Explain ha he ocus g oup will las
be ween one and one and a hal hou s.
Summa ize he objec i e o he
esea ch p ojec .
06
Emphasize he impo ance o he in e iewee's pe sonal
expe iences, pe cep ions, and a i udes in con ibu ing o
he s udy.
.
Focus g oup execu ion
Tips o he mode a o du ing he discussion
01
02
03
04
Main ain Time Managemen : keep ack o ime o ensu e ha each opic o
ques ion is add essed wi hin he alloca ed ime. Use sub le cues o manage
he discussion's pace.
Encou age Equal Pa icipa ion: ensu e ha all pa icipan s ha e he
oppo uni y o speak and sha e hei pe spec i es. Encou age quie e
pa icipan s o exp ess hemsel es.
Summa ize Key Poin s: pe iodically summa ize key poin s made by
pa icipan s o ensu e cla i y and unde s anding. Check in wi h pa icipan s
o con i m hei iews.
Conclude he Discussion: w ap up he discussion by hanking
pa icipan s o hei con ibu ions. Ask i he e a e any inal
hough s o commen s.
Focus g oup execu ion
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Focus g oup da a analysis
Main s eps o da a analysis
4
3
2
1
C ea e a Coding Sys em:
De elop a codebook ha de ines each code,
p o iding clea desc ip ions and examples o
wha alls unde each code. This helps ensu e
consis ency when coding.
T ansc ip ion:
T ansc ibe he audio o ideo eco dings o he ocus
g oup session. T ansc ip ion in ol es con e ing
spoken wo ds in o w i en ex . You can use
ansc ip ion so wa e o se ices o e iciency.
Da a Familia iza ion:
Begin by amilia izing you sel wi h he ansc ibed da a.
Read o lis en o he ansc ip s o gain an o e all
unde s anding o he discussion and he con ex in which
i ook place.
Da a Managemen :
Sa ely s o e and manage any eco ded audio, ideo, o
w i en da a. Ensu e ha pe sonal in o ma ion is kep
con iden ial and ha da a is anonymized i necessa y.
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Main s eps o he epo
Thema ic Analysis
G oup ela ed codes oge he o o m
b oade hemes o ca ego ies. These
hemes should cap u e he essence o
wha pa icipan s discussed. You may
need o eo ganize codes and hemes as
he analysis p og esses.
Discussion and In e p e a ion
Discuss he implica ions o you
indings and how hey ela e o
you esea ch objec i es. Conside
he p ac ical implica ions and any
ecommenda ions ha a ise om
he analysis.
Da a Reduc ion
Condense he da a by summa izing he con en
wi hin each heme. Iden i y key quo es o exce p s
ha exempli y each heme. These exce p s can be
used as e idence o suppo you indings.
Da a In e p e a ion
In e p e he meaning behind he hemes and pa e ns
you' e iden i ied. Conside he con ex , nuances, and
implica ions o pa icipan s' esponses.
Focus g oup da a analysis
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ANNEX 3: CODING SYSTEM
STAKEHOLDERS
The seman ic code 's akeholde s' encompasses a wide ange o seman ic domains ela ed o he
in e ac ion o di e en ac o s in a speci ic con ex , such as in he p ojec and a di e en si es. I
add esses issues ela ed o clima e change p ojec ions and hei po en ial impac on p oduc ion, as well
as he iden i ica ion o sec o -speci ic dynamics, obs acles in ac o coo dina ion, misalignmen o
go e nmen policies wi h sec o al needs, he impo ance o da a-backed decision-making, and
adap a ion o ma ke changes. Addi ionally, exp essions ela ed o clima e change adap a ion a e
conside ed, including he assessmen o economic iabili y, na u e-based ans o ma ions, egula o y
and go e nance changes, sus ainabili y, social changes, echnological inno a ion, moni o ing sys ems,
and ans o ma ions in business models. Finally, he a i udes and esponses o indi iduals and
communi ies o p oposed solu ions a e explo ed, including ac i e collabo a ion, pe cep ion o
e ec i eness, ques ioning, and adap a ion o solu ions o add ess speci ic clima e challenges in di e en
geog aphical con ex s. Below, each o hese seman ic domains cap u ing he sensi i i ies o a ious
s akeholde s in di e en si es is desc ibed in de ail.
1. Sec o al Dynamics: Re e ences o he dynamics ha cha ac e ize a pa icula economic sec o .
• Lack o A icula ion Among S akeholde s: Re e ences o si ua ions whe e he e a e obs acles o
de iciencies in he coo dina ion and collabo a ion among di e en ac o s o s akeholde s wi hin
a speci ic con ex , such as an economic sec o o a p ojec . These obs acles can mani es as a lack
o e ec i e communica ion, disag eemen s in objec i es and s a egies, absence o alliances o
syne gies, agmen a ion o an economic sec o , con on a ion be ween sec o s, o any o he
limi a ion ha hinde s ha monized ac ion among hose in ol ed.
• Disconnec ion in Poli ical Managemen : Re e ences o si ua ions whe e go e nmen decisions
and policies a e no aligned o a e inconsis en wi h he needs and objec i es o a speci ic
economic sec o o p ojec . This can mani es as con adic o y egula ions, lack o go e nmen
suppo o key ini ia i es, a lack o unde s anding o sec o dynamics, o a gene al lack o
synch oniza ion be ween public policy and he needs o he economic sphe e in ques ion.
• Decision-Making Wi hou Da a: Re e ences o si ua ions whe e s a egic, ope a ional,
p oduc ion, o comme cial decisions wi hin an economic sec o a e made wi hou he suppo o
accu a e da a o upda ed in o ma ion om moni o ing o acking sys ems.
• Da a-D i en Decision-Making: Re e ences o he p ac ice o making s a egic, ope a ional,
p oduc ion, o comme cial decisions wi hin an economic sec o based on p ecise da a and
upda ed in o ma ion om moni o ing o acking sys ems.
• Changes in Ma ke Dynamics: Re e ence o si ua ions whe e signi ican al e a ions in ma ke
dynamics ha a ec a pa icula economic sec o a e obse ed. These changes can mani es in
a ious ways, such as inc eased demand o speci ic p oduc s, he need o adap p oduc ion
p ac ices o mee new demands, inc eased impo o expo o p oduc s, and he eo ganiza ion
o p oduc ion o sales schedules in esponse o changes in consump ion pa e ns.
2. Sec o al Requi emen s: Re e ences o he needs o sec o s in ela ion o clima e change
adap a ion.
• Economic Viabili y and Financing: Re e ences o he impo ance o e alua ing and conside ing
economic iabili y and he necessa y sou ces o unding o he implemen a ion o solu ions
aimed a clima e change adap a ion. I also includes e e ences ha highligh he need o analyze