Enabling he E olu ion o Se ice-O ien ed Solu ions Using an UML2
P o ile and a Re e ence Pe i Ne s Execu ion Pla o m∗
Ja ie Fab a1Joaqu´ın Pe˜na2An onio Ruiz-Co ´es2Joaqu´ın Ezpele a1
1Depa men o Compu e Science and Sys ems Enginee ing, Uni e si y o Za agoza,
Ma ´ıa de Luna 1, E-50018 Za agoza (Spain)
2Depa men o Languages and Compu e Sys ems, Uni e si y o Se ille,
A . Reina Me cedes s/n, E-41012 Se ille (Spain)
E-mail: [email p o ec ed],[email p o ec ed]s,a [email protected],ezpele a@uniza .es
Abs ac
The ac i i ies de eloped by a company (business p o-
cesses) ha e o change equen ly o adap o he en i on-
men . The implemen a ion o business p ocesses should
suppo hese changes wi hou any ecoding. In his wo k,
we p o ide wi h an app oach o modelling and execu ing
agile and adap able business p ocesses. Ou app oach is
based on UML 2 sepa a ing cho eog aphy (s able in e -
ac ion pa e ns) and o ches a ion (implemen a ion o he
e ol ing business p ocess, also called wo k lows), allowing
he ans o ma ion and execu ion o he models by means o
a lexible SOA-based dynamic pla o m based on e e ence
Pe i ne s.
Keywo ds: SOC, SOA, Web p ocesses, MDD, UML, Pe i
ne s, Cho eog aphy, O ches a ion.
1. In oduc ion
One o he p ima y goals o SOC and SOA is easing he
in eg a ion o businesses by means o IT in as uc u es. As
shown by Lee in he ield o Economy [11], business p o-
cesses ollowed by businesses ha in e ac in a supply chain
mus change o e ime. Lee emphasises ha in o de o suc-
ceed in he business in eg a ion, p ocesses needs o be agile,
capable o apidly change o espond o unexpec ed si ua-
ions, and adap able, id es , able o change conside ing new
ends o ma ke s. Fo ins ance, agili y can be obse ed in
he changes needed in he business p ocess o a deale and
a logis ic pla o m when a low o ea hquake happens. In
no mal si ua ions, he deale execu es a business p ocess o
ack packages in o de o ensu e a gi en le el o se ice
∗This wo k has been pa ially suppo ed by he Eu opean Commis-
sion (FEDER) and he Spanish Minis y o Science and Technology unde
g an s TIN2006-00472 and TIN2006-13301
quali y (QoS). Bu when an ea hquake o a low happens,
he business p ocess has o change o ack such packages
wi h a cos highe han a gi en h eshold, jus in o de o
minimise losses. In his scena io, he changes in he busi-
ness p ocess should no be o e come by di icul ies in he
changes equi ed in he IT in as uc u e.
Fo enabling his lexibili y, he business p ocess and he
in e ac ions be ween IT in as uc u es mus be sepa a ed.
This sepa a ion allows o change business p ocesses wi hou
ha ing o pe o m ime and money cos ly changes in he IT
in as uc u e [14]. Two e ms a e used o e e o each pa
o his decomposi ion. On he one hand, he e m o ches a-
ion desc ibes he business p ocess ollowed by each pa y
wi hou de ailing he in e ac ion logics. On he o he hand,
he e m cho eog aphy desc ibes he in e ac ions which ake
place be ween IT in as uc u es o se e al pa ies wi hou
de ailing he in e nals o business p ocesses. The e o e,
changes in he business p ocess do no ha e o o ce changes
in he way IT in as uc u es in e ac , and ice e sa.
In his pape , we ha e sys ema ically analysed cu en
esul s o pe o ming his sepa a ion in SOC and SOA. As
a esul o his s udy, we ha e concluded ha he suppo o
his sepa a ion is de icien a design/modelling s ages and
implemen a ion/execu ionpla o ms. Thus, his ac hinde s
one o he key success ac o s in business in eg a ion: he
need o agile and adap able business p ocesses [11, 13].
Fo una ely, he e exis a b anch o esea ch de o ed o
o e come his p oblem, being Model-D i en De elopmen
(MDD) one o he used app oaches. MDD emphasises he
use o models as he main ool o designing and imple-
men ing sys ems. Thus, MDD app oaches p o ide models
in o de o speci y he sys em and ans o ma ions ha help
o ob ain, as much au oma ically as possible, a unning sys-
em.
In his pape , we p opose a se o UML 2 models o sep-
a a ely modelling o ches a ion and cho eog aphy aspec s
allowing he e olu ion o a business p ocess independen ly
om he in e ac ion logic. These models a e based on an
agen -o ien ed so wa e enginee ing me hodology (AOSE)
called MaCMAS [16]. We also p o ide an implemen a-
ion and execu ion pla o m based on e e ence Pe i-ne s
which also keeps his sepa a ion, allowing changes a un-
ime [8]. The main ad an age o his app oach is ha i
allows changes in he business p ocess in a well-known no-
a ion such as UML and a apid deploymen o such changes
in a SOA-based pla o m, enabling he modelling and exe-
cu ion o adap able and agile business p ocess.
The pape is o ganised as ollows. Sec ion 2 p esen s
he ela ed wo k ega ding modelling, implemen a ion and
ans o ma ion be ween bo h UML 2 models and cho eog-
aphy and o ches a ion implemen a ions. Sec ion 3 in o-
duces he UML 2 no a ion used o modelling o ches a ion
and cho eog aphy h ough a case s udy. Keeping his sep-
a a ion, he implemen a ion and execu ion pla o m used,
DENEB, is shown in Sec ion 4. Sec ion 5 p esen s an
o e iew o he keypoin s o he ans o ma ion be ween he
models and he implemen a ion. Finally, Sec ion 6 con ains
some concluding ema ks.
2. Rela ed Wo k and Mo i a ion
Acco ding o [2], an analysis amewo k wi h a se o
componen s has o be de ined in o de o pe o m a su ey
in he so wa e enginee ing ield. Gi en he limi a ion o
space, summa ising, he main esea ch ques ions o his pa-
pe a e: (i) A e cu en MDD app oaches able o sepa a e
o ches a ion and cho eog aphy? and, (ii) Is his sepa a ion
pe o med in execu ion amewo ks? In Table 1, we classi y
he app oaches in hose de eloped o modelling and hose
de eloped o implemen a ion. In he able, −means ha
he s udy does no deal wi h he ow i em; Xmeans ha he
s udy conside s he ow i em bu i does no gi e any ap-
p oach; ∼means ha he s udy gi es a b ie o e iew and,
inally, √means ha he s udy gi es a alid app oach o
he i em.
Rega ding MDD app oaches, as shown in Table 1, he e
a e app oaches based on UML which sepa a e cho eog a-
phy and o ches a ion [23, 21]. In [23] he impac o SOA
implemen a ion p ojec s is analysed in conjunc ion wi h a
modelling app oach. Howe e , as he au ho s s a e, he no-
a ion p oposed is imma u e and hey do no p o ide a ech-
nique o deploy models in o an implemen a ion pla o m.
In addi ion, he e a e o he app oaches which do no pe -
o m he sepa a ion, bu whe e business logics and in e ac-
ion aspec s a e iden i ied [9, 12, 4]. In [9], au ho s p opose
an UML p o ile and an MDD ans o ma ion. Howe e ,
hey nei he sepa a e o ches a ion o cho eog aphy in mod-
els no gene a e code o hese aspec s. Simila mappings
a e ollowed in [21, 12]. Howe e , in hese app oaches a
p elimina y e sion o no a ion and ans o ma ions is p o-
ided whe e a comple e sepa a ion be ween o ches a ion
and cho eog aphy is no achie ed.
Wi h espec o implemen a ion de ails, he e a e many
p oposals which i in o he sepa a ion be ween cho eog a-
phy and o ches a ion aspec s. In [4] and [19] au ho s p o-
pose and de ine a way o gene a e implemen a ions sepa a -
ing cho eog aphies and o ches a ions. Un o una ely, hese
implemen a ions ha d-code o ches a ion wi h cho eog a-
phies, hus disabling un- ime e olu ion o business p o-
cesses. The gene al ule is he ans o ma ion o models
in o o ches a ion languages, such as BPEL [20], WSCI [1]
o BPML [22].
Rega ding cu en s anda ds, BPEL uses WSDL in e -
aces o desc ibe he unc ionali y i o e s and also o in-
oke unc ionali ies equi ed om o he Web se ices [18,
6]. As a consequence, he managemen o in e ac ions p o-
ided by BPEL is based on one-sho in e ac ions ins ead
o a long-li ed con e sa ional app oach, causing business
and con e sa ion logics o be highly coupled [8, 23]. Fu -
he mo e, he p e-de ined and in lexible na u e o BPEL
does no ca e o lexible and adap i e business collabo-
a ions. Ne e heless, a na u al e olu ion o he BPEL4WS
speci ica ion should eplace cu en WSDL-based abs ac-
ions wi h new con e sa ion models such as WCSI [1], WS-
CDLand OWL-S. The main p oblem o hese ini ia i es is
ha hey ha e a decla a i e na u e and canno , by i sel , be
execu ed, limi ing dynamic aspec s.
Thus, he main mo i a ion o his wo k is ha , by he bes
o ou knowledge, he e is no a sui able app oach in he
SOC ield ollowing MDD echniques, no any execu ion
and implemen a ion pla o m ha pe o ms a co ec sepa-
a ion be ween cho eog aphy and o ches a ion aspec s.
3. An UML 2 P o ile o Modelling Cho eog a-
phy and O ches a ion
Agen -O ien ed So wa e Enginee ing (AOSE) is de-
o ed o de elop highly collabo a i e sys ems whe e as-
pec s simila o he ones in he SOC ield ha e been deal
wi h. Models p esen ed in his sec ion a e based on an
AOSE me hodology called me hodology o analysing com-
plex mul iagen sys ems (MaCMAS) ha is being in eg a ed
in se e al esea ch ields such as au onomic compu ing o
so wa e p oduc lines [16, 17].
MaCMAS uses wo di e en diag ams o ep esen ing
each iew o he p ocess: a dynamic diag am ep esen ing
how in e ac ions and business p ocesses ake place along
ime based on UML S a e Machines; and a s a ic iew show-
ing he ela ionships be ween se ices in a s a ic way by
means o ex ended UML 2 collabo a ions. O ches a ion
is ep esen ed as an abs ac desc ip ion ins an ia ed a un-
ime o design ime, wi h conc e e se ices and a conc e e
P op/Resea ch Ques ions [9] [23] [21] [12] [4] [19] [20] [1] [22] Ou App.
Models o Cho .& O ch. ∼√ √ ∼ ∼ X−−− √
T ans . UML2Impl. √X∼ ∼ X X − − − ∼
Impl. sepa a ing Cho .& O ch. ∼X X X √ √ ∼ ∼ ∼ √
Table 1. Rela ed wo k s udy.
Me amodel elemen S e eo ype Uml Base Class Tags
Role << Role >> Collabo a ionRole mul iplici y
En i onmen alRole << En i onmen alRole >> Collabo a ionRole –
mRI << mRI >> Collabo a ion pa e n:S ing
mRI Pos condi ion –Pos condi ion –
mRI In –Collabo a ion Ou : S ing
mRI Ou –Collabo a ion In: S ing
Role S a e << RoleS a e >> S a e –
mRI T ansi ion << RoleM RIT ansi ion >> Signal in T ans. –
Table 2. UML 2 p o ile o Cho eog aphy and O ches a ion
cho eog aphy. Figu e 1 depic s he ole model o ou case
s udy, a business collabo a ion. The Deale sells p oduc s
which a e sen o cus ome s by he Logis ic pla o m, allow-
ing he acking du ing he deli e y p ocess. To s a ically
show he ela ionships be ween se ices we p opose o use
ex ended MaCMAS ole models. These models a e buil o
ase o oles, he po ion(s) o a so wa e a i ac (s) which
is exposed as a se ice, collabo a ing by means o se e al
mul i-Role In e ac ions (mRIs). In Figu e 1 boxes ep esen
oles, and ellipses in e ac ions; he op iew ep esen s he
o ches a ion (business p ocess), while he bo om iew ep-
esen s he cho eog aphy. mRIs in he ex e nal package ep-
esen c oss-o ganisa ion in e ac ions, while he o he mRIs
ep esen in e nal uses o se ices.
mRIs a e used a he o ches a ion le el in o de o de-
sc ibe he business p ocess wi hou de ailing he se o
needed messages. They a e also used o ep esen conc e e
in e ac ions a he cho eog aphy le el. Thus, mRIs a he
o ches a ion le el also pe mi linking wi h an speci ic in-
e ac ion p o ocol a design ime, o elega e his linking a
un- ime. Fo example, in Figu e 1, in he op model he
mRI T ackO de abs ac ly ep esen s he se o messages
needed o ack an o de , while in he bo om model mRIs
ge O de s and ackO de ep esen he conc e e messages
ha ha e o be exchanged. The agged alue Pa e n ep-
esen s a collabo a ion pa e n, o example a eques - eply
pa e n which can be used o ins an ia e a un- ime well-
known MEPs (Message Exchange Pa e ns) om a eposi-
o y. An a ow om a ole o an mRI means ha he ole
ini ia es he mRI, while an a ow p esen ing an associa ion
esponds o he ini ia o .
Table 2 p esen s he p o iles o oles and mRIs. As
shown, he ole elemen is a ibu ed by means o UML
agged alues. The mul iplici y ag speci ies he numbe
o conc e e se ices ha can play his ole. The En i on-
men al Role is an s e eo ype ha indica es ha he ole is
no a se ice, bu a so wa e componen . The in e ac ions
be ween hese oles and se ices ep esen communica ion
ac s wi h he legacy sys em. Rega ding mRIs, Pos condi ion
ep esen s he condi ion ha mus hold a e he execu ion
o an mRI. In and Ou elemen s ep esen he in o ma ion
consumed and p oduced by an mRI.
In addi ion, he dynamic pa , in ol ing ime, is ep e-
sen ed by means o UML 2.0 S a e Machines. In Figu e 1,
he dynamic iew o he case s udy is shown on he igh and
bo om o he igu e. The igh model ep esen s he o ches-
a ion be ween he Deale and he Logis ic pla o m, while
he bo om model ep esen s he cho eog aphy o acking
o de s. In bo h models each ansi ion ep esen he execu-
ion o a mRI.
Finally, no ice ha he MaCMAS CASE Tool allows o
de elop hese models as an ex ension o he A goUML Case
ool. The e o e, he p esen ed models can be d awn by
means o he p esen ed p o ile. A goUML allows expo ing
models in XMI o ma (a s anda dised XML ile wi h he
desc ip ion o he UML models), which is aken as inpu o
ou ans o ma ion (see Sec ion 5).
4. Implemen a ion and Execu ion Pla o m o
Sepa a ing O ches a ion and Cho eog a-
phy
DENEB (pla o m o he De elopmen and Execu ion
o iN e ope able dynamic wEB p ocesses) is a dynamic
Web p ocesses implemen a ion and execu ion amewo k
based on he Ne s-wi hin-Ne s pa adigm and he Renew
Figu e 1. Role model o ou business collabo a ion case s udy.
ool [8]. This amewo k allows he co ec sepa a ion be-
ween cho eog aphy and o ches a ion aspec s and manages
all he communica ion- ela ed aspec s h ough a message
b oke based on RLinda [7], an implemen a ion o he Linda
coo dina ion sys em [5]. The SOA-based a chi ec u e o
DENEB is composed o h ee main componen s, depic ed
in Figu e 2.
The message b oke o en e p ise se e bus is he co e
o DENEB. I p o ides he necessa y in as uc u e o de-
couple and suppo in e ac ions among di e en compo-
nen s and sepa a es he logic o he message exchanges om
he conc e e way a message is deli e ed o ecei ed. I
con ains wo main componen s: a message eposi o y; and
he binding componen s (also called media o s), which a e
esponsible o sending and ecei ing messages among e-
mo e o local pee componen s h ough he message epos-
i o y [21]. These componen s allow p ocesses o use di -
e en echnologies and communica ion p o ocols indepen-
den ly o he way hey in e ac wi h he message eposi o y.
As shown in Figu e 2, he so wa e componen s which
ac as se ice engines a e a icula ed a ound he message
b oke . They can ake a wide a ie y o o ms depending
on he ype o unc ion hey supply, such as business logic
o ans o ma ion se ices, o ins ance. SOC a oids any
knowledge o he p og amming model o he se ice en-
gine ha plugs in o he b oke in as uc u e, so he se ice
componen s in e ac wi h ex e nal en i ies by means o he
exchange o messages h ough he message b oke using a
common and de ined o ma . The binding componen s a e
esponsible o sending and ecei ing messages o and om
he conc e e endpoin . The di e en unc ionali ies ha ex-
is s in he se ice engines allow he sepa a ion in wo classes
Figu e 2. High-le el iew o he a chi ec u e
o DENEB.
o se ice engines. On he one hand, he wo k lows engines,
which ep esen he business logics o he p ocess and a e
in cha ge o execu ing he o ches a ion p ocesses. On he
o he hand, he p o ocol engines, which ep esen he in e -
ac ion logics and execu es he cho eog aphies. The use o
bo h, wo k low and p o ocol engines, allows he co ec and
independen sepa a ion o cho eog aphy and o ches a ion
aspec s, whose models a e desc ibed and di ec ly execu ed
in e ms o Ne s-wi hin-Ne s in DENEB [10, 3]. In addi ion,
all models a e expo able using an ex ended PNML desc ip-
ion language (ISO/IEC 15909), which can be gene a ed in
an au oma ic manne (see Sec ion 5).
Figu e 3 depic s he au oma ically gene a ed o ches a-
ion wo k low co esponding o he Deli e ySe ice ole de-
pic ed in Figu e 1 and he ackO de cho eog aphy, which
will be execu ed by he o ches a ion p ocess in esponse
o he ini ial cus ome ’s in oca ion (acco ding o Figu e 1).
Fo he sake o simplici y, only hese wo igu es a e shown
o demons a e he ans o ma ion. No e ha o ches a-
ion implemen a ions a e execu ed by he wo k low engine,
whe eas cho eog aphies a e c ea ed by o ches a ions and
un by he con e sa ion engine in he DENEB amewo k.
Bo h o ches a ion and cho eog aphy implemen a ions a e
execu ed on an ins ance o he DENEB pla o m.
DENEB p o ides wi h some mechanisms in o de o
allow wo k lows o communica e wi h con e sa ions, and
ice e sa. Channels a e a mechanism which allow wo o
mo e ne s o synch onise by means o he i e o a ansi-
ion which con ains a channel insc ip ion [10]. Addi ionaly,
channels allow wo k lows and con e sa ions o exchange
in o ma ion. Those a e he basics o he :absCond()
channels used in he wo k low and con e sa ion ne s. Fi-
nally, con e sa ions can in e ac wi h he message b oke
by means o he use o channels :w() and : (),which
co espond o he w i e and ead ope a ions o he RLinda
implemen a ion, espec i ely.
Le us now desc ibe he o ches a ion wo k low which
co esponds o he deli e y se ice. T ansi ions 1 and
20 implemen he s a ing and he ending o he execu-
ion o he o ches a ion, espec i ely. Acco ding o he
s a e machine depic ed in Figu e 1, he i ing o ansi-
ion 1 s a s he pa allel execu ion o wo b anches in
he case he o de has no s ill been ecei ed (gua d ! e-
cei ed). The le one co esponds o he sequen ial c ea ion
and execu ion o he cho eog aphies deli e yIn o,Recei e
and Calcula eSe iceP ice, while he igh one ep esen s
he c ea ion and execu ion o he ackO de cho eog aphy.
Le us concen a e on he ackO de b anch. T ansi ion
11 c ea es a new ins ance o he ackO de cho eog a-
phy, pu ing i in o he con e sa ion space o he DENEB
amewo k by means o he synch onised i ing o channel
:pa icipa eCon , in Renew’s e minology [10]. This
s ep implemen s he pa icipa ion o he o ches a ion p o-
cess in a cho eog aphy ini ia ed by ano he p ocess (by he
cus ome , in his case). Then, i ing ansi ion 12 he con-
e sa ion engine s a s he execu ion o he cho eog aphy
in a dis ibu ed manne . T ansi ions 13 and 16 allow
he o ches a ion wo k low o ecei e and pass da a om
and o he unning cho eog aphy h ough abs ac condi-
ions (channel :absCond). These da a a e p ocessed by
he binding componen s which manage he access o in e -
nal o ex e nal esou ces in a p ope way. The mechanism
o in e ac wi h he sys em binding componen s using an
:execu e channel is implemen ed in ansi ions 14 and
15. The cho eog aphy’s execu ion inishes i ing ansi-
ion 17, and a oken is placed in he op place o he igh
b anch. The p ocess can epea un il he o de is ecei ed.
In ha case, he gua d o 11 disables he i ing o ansi-
ion 11 and he only possible e olu ion is o i e ansi ion
18. Finally, when he Calcula eSe iceP ice cho eog a-
phy inishes, bo h b anches synch onise and he o ches a-
ion p ocess ends.
Le us now concen a e on he ackO de cho eog a-
phy. Once loaded in o he con e sa ion engine, he ack-
O de cho eog aphy s a s by means o he synch onisa ion
o ansi ion 30 h ough he DENEB’s sys em ne . T ansi-
ion 31 p ocesses he in oca ion o a cus ome eques o
he a ailabili y o ack o de s h ough he message b oke
using he Linda-based ope a ion ake [5]. Then, he eques
is passed o he o ches a ion wo k low and he esponse o
i s execu ion is ob ained by means o he use o abs ac
condi ions ( ansi ions 32 and 33, espec i ely). Once
he esul has been ob ained, a esponse is sen o he cus-
ome ough he message b oke using he w i e ope a-
ion, i ing ansi ion 34. A simila in e ac ion p ocess is
epea ed again ( ansi ions 35- 38) o p ocess he ack-
ing o a speci ic o de selec ed by he cus ome . Finally,
he ackO de cho eog aphy inishes he execu ion o he
p o ocol by means o he i ing o ansi ion 39.

[]
[]
:absCond("Ge Resul ",idExec, esul )
[w,idCho ]
[w,idCho ]
[w,idCho ,cus ome , esul ]
30
31
32
33
34
39
:begin()
idCon
idCon .
.
.
.
.
.
:absCond(op,pa ams,idExec)
:execu e(op,pa ams,idExec)
[idCho ,op,pa ams,idExec]
idCho
idCho
[idCho ,idExec, esul ]
[idCho ,idExec, esul ]
[idCho ,idExec]
[idCho ,idExec]
[idCho ,op,pa ams,idExec]
idCho
idCho
idCho
idCho
1
2
4
5
7
8
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
19
Deli e ySe ice O ches a ion T ackO de Cho eog aphy
(F om he Deli e y se ice’s
poin o iew)
:end() 20
cho : new Cho eo_Deli e yIn o;
:c ea eCho eo( his,idCon ,
"Deli e ySe ice","",cho );
Deli e y In o
Recei e
Calcula eSe iceP ice
:endCho eo( his,idCho ,ok)
:absCond("Ge Resul ",idExec, esul )
:endCho eo( his,idCon ,ok) :beginCho eo( his,id)
:ge Resul s(idExec, esul )
:begin(w,idCho )
[w,idCho ,cus ome , esul ]
:end(w,idCho ,"done")
[w,idCho ]
T ackO de
Send esul
Ge pa ams
C ea e cho eog aphy
End cho eog aphy
cho : new Cho eo_T ackO de ;
:pa icipa eCho eo( his,idCho ,
"Deli e ySe ice","",cho );
11
gua d ! ecei ed
gua d ecei ed 18
: ([cus ome ," ackO de F omCus ome ",
[op,pa ams],idCho ])
[w,idCho ,cus ome ,[op,pa ams]]
[w,idCho ,cus ome ,["Ge A ailableT acks",pa ams]]
:absCond("Ge A ailableT acks",pa ams,idExec)
[w,idCho ,cus ome ,idExec]
[w,idCho ,cus ome ,idExec]
:w([cus ome ,"a ailableT ackingO de s",
esul ,idCho ])
:absCond("Ge Resul ",idExec, esul )
[w,idCho ,cus ome , esul ]
35
36
37
38
[w,idCho ,cus ome , esul ]
: ([cus ome ," ackO de F omCus ome ",
[op,pa ams],idCho ])
[w,idCho ,cus ome ,[op,pa ams]]
[w,idCho ,cus ome ,idExec]
[w,idCho ,cus ome ,idExec]
[w,idCho ]
:absCond("Ge O de S a us",pa ams,idExec)
[w,idCho ,cus ome ,["Ge O de S a us",pa ams]]
:w([cus ome ,"o de T ackingS a us",
esul ,idCho ])
[w,idCho ]
[w,idCho ]
S a cho eog aphy
Ge a ailable acking o de s
Ge an o de s a us
End cho eog aphy
Figu e 3. Deli e y Se ice o ches a ion wo k low and ackO de cho eog aphy.
5. O e iew o he T ans o ma ion
Al hough he ans o ma ion p ocess is no he aim o
his pape , he main co ela ions be ween he concep s a he
modelling and he implemen a ion le els a e p o ided. The
ans o ma ion o egula Pe i-ne s has been pe o med in
he li e a u e, bu he ans o ma ion om he modi ica ions
o UML o e e ence Pe i-ne and i s di ec execu ion ha e
no been p o ided ye .
Implemen ing abs ac mRIs in o DENEB wo k lows im-
plies, as was shown, he execu ion o a cho eog aphy p o-
cess ini ia ed om an o ches a ion p ocess (bo h, he co -
esponding skele on in he o ches a ion pa and he cho e-
og aphy, a e au oma ically gene a ed). Depending whe he
he ole is he in e ac ion ini ia o o no ( his in o ma-
ion is ex ac ed om he ole model) he wo k low c ea es
he cho eog aphy o pa icipa es in i by means o he use
o :c ea eCho eo() o :pa icipa eCho eo()
synch onisa ion channels, espec i ely. These channels
synch onise h ough he DENEB’s sys em ne . The e o e,
o ches a ion wo k lows and cho eog aphies can execu e in
an independen manne . The pa ame e s in mRIs (inpu and
ou pu ) a e implemen ed in DENEB h ough he :begin
and :end synch onisa ion channels which allow o pass in-
o ma ion om he o ches a ion wo k low o he cho eog-
aphy and ice e sa, espec i ely.
Fu he de ails abou he co ela ion and ans o ma ion
p ocess can be ob ained in [15]. F om he poin o iew
o implemen a ion, ans o ma ions among MacMAS/UML
models and DENEB’s en i ies a e pe o med using XSLT
code in o de o ans o m he XMI o he UML model in o
ex ended Pe i-Ne s Modelling Language (PNML), which
is also based on XML. The au oma ically gene a ed PNML
code ep esen s he DENEB’s implemen a ion ne s, which
can be loaded and execu ed in he pla o m a un- ime.
6. Conclusions
Success ul de elopmen and execu ion o lexible and
adap able SOA sys ems need om bes p ac ices o sol e
some impo an d awbacks ha appea when dealing wi h
cho eog aphy and o ches a ion aspec s. Al hough hey a e
wo sides o he same coin, i is commonly accep ed ha
bo h o hem need o be deal in a sepa a ed, bu coo di-
na ed way along he ull de elopmen and execu ion li e
cycle. In his pape , we ha e shown how he in eg a ion
o a MDD app oach, MaCMAS, wi h a lexible de elop-
men and execu ion amewo k o Web p ocesses, DENEB,
exploi s his sepa a ion a he design and execu ion s ages.
The in eg a ed app oach allows a e y lexible way o deal-
ing wi h business p ocesses, acili a ing hei e olu ion in
highly dynamic scena ios. F om his s udy, new challenges
ha e been opened, as o example ying o pe o m di ec
ans o ma ions om models o implemen a ion using well
known desc ip ion s anda ds (such as he Business P ocess
Modeling No a ion – BPMN, o example) and ule-based
ans o ma ion p ocesses (such as he ATLAS T ans o ma-
ion Language – ATL, o example).
Re e ences
[1] A. A kin e al. Web Se ice Cho eog aphy In e ace
(WSCI). Technical epo , Wo ld Wide Web Conso ium
(W3C), Aug. 2002.
[2] P. B e e on, B. A. Ki chenham, D. Budgen, M. Tu ne , and
M. Khalil. Lessons om applying he sys ema ic li e a-
u e e iew p ocess wi hin he so wa e enginee ing domain.
Jou nal o Sys ems and So wa e, 80(4):571–583, 2007.
[3] L. Cabac, M. Du igneau, D. Mold , and H. R¨olke. Mod-
eling dynamic a chi ec u es using ne s-wi hin-ne s. In 26 h
In e na ional Con e ence on Applica ion and Theo y o Pe i
Ne s – ICATPN 2005, pages 148–167, 2005.
[4] T. Co enie , A. V. D. Be g, and T. El ad. Modeling Aspec -
O ien ed Composi ions. In 7 h In e na ional Wo kshop on
Aspec -O ien ed Modeling, Oc 2005.
[5] D. Gele n e . Gene a i e communica ion in Linda. ACM
T ansac ions on P og amming Languages and Sys ems,
7(1):80–121, 1985.
[6] F. Cu be a, R. Khala , N. Mukhi, S. Tai, and S. Wee -
awa ana. The nex s ep in web se ices. Communica ions o
he ACM, 46(10):29–34, 2003.
[7] J. Fab a, P. Al a ez, J. A. Ba˜na es, and J. Ezpele a. RLinda:
a Pe i ne based implemen a ion o he Linda coo dina ion
pa adigm o Web se ices in e ac ions. In 7 h In e na ional
Con e ence on Elec onic Comme ce and Web Technologies
– EC-Web 2006, numbe 4082 in Lec u e No es in Compu e
Science, pages 184–193. Sp inge Ve lag, Sep 2006.
[8] J. Fab a, P. ´
Al a ez, J. A. Ba˜na es, and J. Ezpele a. A ame-
wo k o he de elopmen and execu ion o ho izon al p o o-
cols in open BPM sys ems. In Fou h In e na ional Con e -
ence on Business P ocess Managemen – BPM’06, numbe
4102 in Lec u e No es in Compu e Science, pages 209–224.
Sp inge Ve lag, 2006.
[9] S. K. Johnson and A. W. B own. A model-d i en de elop-
men app oach o c ea ing se ice-o ien ed solu ions. In 4 h
In e na ional Con e ence on Se ice-O ien ed Compu ing –
ICSOC 2006, pages 624–636, 2006.
[10] O. Kumme , F. Wienbe g, M. Du igneau, M. K¨ohle ,
D. Mold , and H. R¨olke. Renew – he Re e ence Ne Wo k-
shop. In E. Vee beek, edi o , Tool Demons a ions. 24 h In-
e na ional Con e ence on Applica ion and Theo y o Pe i
Ne s – ATPN 2003., pages 99–102, June 2003.
[11] H. Lee. The iple-a supply chain: Adap abili y, agili y,
and alignmen . Ha a d Business Re iew, 82(10):102–112,
2004.
[12] J. Mendling and M. Ha ne . F om In e -O ganiza ional
Wo k lows o P ocess Execu ion: Gene a ing BPEL om
WS-CDL. In On The Mo e o Meaning ul In e ne Sys ems
and Ubiqui ous Compu ing – OTM 2005, numbe 3762 in
Lec u e No es in Compu e Science. Sp inge Ve lag, No
2005.
[13] M. Papazoglou, P. T a e so, S. Dus da , and F. Leymann.
Se ice-O ien ed Compu ing Resea ch Roadmap. Techni-
cal epo , Technical epo / ision pape on Se ice o ien ed
compu ing Eu opean Union In o ma ion Socie y Technolo-
gies (IST), 2006.
[14] C. Pel z. Web Se ice O ches a ion and Cho eog aphy. A
look a WSCI and BPEL4WS. Web Se ices Jou nal, pages
1–5, jul 2003.
[15] J. Pe˜na,J.Fab a,A.Ruiz-Co ´es, and J. Ezpele a. A Model-
D i en De elopmen App oach o Speci ying and Imple-
men ing he O ches a ion and Cho eog aphy o Se ice-
O ien ed Solu ions. Technical epo , e e ence RR-0707,
Depa men o Compu e Science and Sys ems Enginee ing
– I3A Uni e si y o Za agoza, July 2007.
[16] J. Pe˜na, M. G. Hinchey, M. Resinas, R. S e i , and J. L.
Rash. Designing and managing e ol ing sys ems using a
mas-p oduc -line app oach. Jou nal o Science o Compu e
P og amming, 2006.
[17] J. Pe˜na, M. G. Hinchey, and A. Ruiz-Co s. Mul iagen sys-
em p oduc lines: Challenges and bene i s. Communica-
ions o he ACM, 49(12), Decembe 2006.
[18] S. Wee awa ana, F. Cu be a, F. Leymann, T. S o ey, and D.
Fe guson. Web se ices pla o m a chi ec u e, chap e Mod-
eling Business P ocesses: BPEL, pages 313–340. P en ice
Hall, 2005.
[19] N. C. Suazo and J. Agui e. Aspec -o ien ed Web se ices
o ches a ion. In 2nd In e na ional Con e ence on Elec ical
and Elec onics Enginee ing, Sep 2005.
[20] T. And ews e al. Business P ocess Execu ion Language o
Web Se ices (BPEL4WS). Technical epo , BEA Sys ems,
IBM Co p., Mic oso Co p., SAP AG, and Siebel Sys ems,
May 2003.
[21] R. Ten-Ho e and P. Walke . Ja a Business In eg a ion (JBI)
1.0, inal elease. Technical epo , BEA Sys ems & IBM &
Mic oso & SAP AG & Siebel Sys ems, May 2005.
[22] R. K. Thiaga ajan, A. K. S i as a a, A. K. Puja i, and V. K.
Bulusu. BPML: A P ocess Modeling Language o Dynamic
Business Models. In Fou h IEEE In e na ional Wo kshop
on Ad anced Issues o E-Comme ce and Web-Based In o -
ma ion Sys ems – WECWIS’02, page 239. IEEE Compu e
Socie y, 2002.
[23] O. Zimme mann, P. K ogdahl, and C. Gee. Elemen s o
Se ice-O ien ed Analysis and Design. Technical epo ,
IBM de elope Wo ks, June 2004.