Enabling the Evolution of Service-Oriented Solutions Using an UML2 Profile and a Reference Petri Nets Execution Platform

Enabling he E olu ion o Se ice-O ien ed Solu ions Using an UML2 P o ile and a Re e ence Pe i Ne s Execu ion Pla o m∗ Ja ie Fab a1Joaqu´ın Pe˜na2An onio Ruiz-Co ´es2Joaqu´ın Ezpele a1 1Depa men o Compu e Science and Sys ems Enginee ing, Uni e si y o Za agoza, Ma ´ıa de Luna 1, E-50018 Za agoza (Spain) 2Depa men o Languages and Compu e Sys ems, Uni e si y o Se ille, A . Reina Me cedes s/n, E-41012 Se ille (Spain) E-mail: [email p o ec ed],[email p o ec ed]s,a [email protected],ezpele a@uniza .es Abs ac The ac i i ies de eloped by a company (business p o- cesses) ha e o change equen ly o adap o he en i on- men . The implemen a ion o business p ocesses should suppo hese changes wi hou any ecoding. In his wo k, we p o ide wi h an app oach o modelling and execu ing agile and adap able business p ocesses. Ou app oach is based on UML 2 sepa a ing cho eog aphy (s able in e - ac ion pa e ns) and o ches a ion (implemen a ion o he e ol ing business p ocess, also called wo k lows), allowing he ans o ma ion and execu ion o he models by means o a lexible SOA-based dynamic pla o m based on e e ence Pe i ne s. Keywo ds: SOC, SOA, Web p ocesses, MDD, UML, Pe i ne s, Cho eog aphy, O ches a ion. 1. In oduc ion One o he p ima y goals o SOC and SOA is easing he in eg a ion o businesses by means o IT in as uc u es. As shown by Lee in he ield o Economy [11], business p o- cesses ollowed by businesses ha in e ac in a supply chain mus change o e ime. Lee emphasises ha in o de o suc- ceed in he business in eg a ion, p ocesses needs o be agile, capable o apidly change o espond o unexpec ed si ua- ions, and adap able, id es , able o change conside ing new ends o ma ke s. Fo ins ance, agili y can be obse ed in he changes needed in he business p ocess o a deale and a logis ic pla o m when a low o ea hquake happens. In no mal si ua ions, he deale execu es a business p ocess o ack packages in o de o ensu e a gi en le el o se ice ∗This wo k has been pa ially suppo ed by he Eu opean Commis- sion (FEDER) and he Spanish Minis y o Science and Technology unde g an s TIN2006-00472 and TIN2006-13301 quali y (QoS). Bu when an ea hquake o a low happens, he business p ocess has o change o ack such packages wi h a cos highe han a gi en h eshold, jus in o de o minimise losses. In his scena io, he changes in he busi- ness p ocess should no be o e come by di icul ies in he changes equi ed in he IT in as uc u e. Fo enabling his lexibili y, he business p ocess and he in e ac ions be ween IT in as uc u es mus be sepa a ed. This sepa a ion allows o change business p ocesses wi hou ha ing o pe o m ime and money cos ly changes in he IT in as uc u e [14]. Two e ms a e used o e e o each pa o his decomposi ion. On he one hand, he e m o ches a- ion desc ibes he business p ocess ollowed by each pa y wi hou de ailing he in e ac ion logics. On he o he hand, he e m cho eog aphy desc ibes he in e ac ions which ake place be ween IT in as uc u es o se e al pa ies wi hou de ailing he in e nals o business p ocesses. The e o e, changes in he business p ocess do no ha e o o ce changes in he way IT in as uc u es in e ac , and ice e sa. In his pape , we ha e sys ema ically analysed cu en esul s o pe o ming his sepa a ion in SOC and SOA. As a esul o his s udy, we ha e concluded ha he suppo o his sepa a ion is de icien a design/modelling s ages and implemen a ion/execu ionpla o ms. Thus, his ac hinde s one o he key success ac o s in business in eg a ion: he need o agile and adap able business p ocesses [11, 13]. Fo una ely, he e exis a b anch o esea ch de o ed o o e come his p oblem, being Model-D i en De elopmen (MDD) one o he used app oaches. MDD emphasises he use o models as he main ool o designing and imple- men ing sys ems. Thus, MDD app oaches p o ide models in o de o speci y he sys em and ans o ma ions ha help o ob ain, as much au oma ically as possible, a unning sys- em. In his pape , we p opose a se o UML 2 models o sep- a a ely modelling o ches a ion and cho eog aphy aspec s allowing he e olu ion o a business p ocess independen ly om he in e ac ion logic. These models a e based on an agen -o ien ed so wa e enginee ing me hodology (AOSE) called MaCMAS [16]. We also p o ide an implemen a- ion and execu ion pla o m based on e e ence Pe i-ne s which also keeps his sepa a ion, allowing changes a un- ime [8]. The main ad an age o his app oach is ha i allows changes in he business p ocess in a well-known no- a ion such as UML and a apid deploymen o such changes in a SOA-based pla o m, enabling he modelling and exe- cu ion o adap able and agile business p ocess. The pape is o ganised as ollows. Sec ion 2 p esen s he ela ed wo k ega ding modelling, implemen a ion and ans o ma ion be ween bo h UML 2 models and cho eog- aphy and o ches a ion implemen a ions. Sec ion 3 in o- duces he UML 2 no a ion used o modelling o ches a ion and cho eog aphy h ough a case s udy. Keeping his sep- a a ion, he implemen a ion and execu ion pla o m used, DENEB, is shown in Sec ion 4. Sec ion 5 p esen s an o e iew o he keypoin s o he ans o ma ion be ween he models and he implemen a ion. Finally, Sec ion 6 con ains some concluding ema ks. 2. Rela ed Wo k and Mo i a ion Acco ding o [2], an analysis amewo k wi h a se o componen s has o be de ined in o de o pe o m a su ey in he so wa e enginee ing ield. Gi en he limi a ion o space, summa ising, he main esea ch ques ions o his pa- pe a e: (i) A e cu en MDD app oaches able o sepa a e o ches a ion and cho eog aphy? and, (ii) Is his sepa a ion pe o med in execu ion amewo ks? In Table 1, we classi y he app oaches in hose de eloped o modelling and hose de eloped o implemen a ion. In he able, −means ha he s udy does no deal wi h he ow i em; Xmeans ha he s udy conside s he ow i em bu i does no gi e any ap- p oach; ∼means ha he s udy gi es a b ie o e iew and, inally, √means ha he s udy gi es a alid app oach o he i em. Rega ding MDD app oaches, as shown in Table 1, he e a e app oaches based on UML which sepa a e cho eog a- phy and o ches a ion [23, 21]. In [23] he impac o SOA implemen a ion p ojec s is analysed in conjunc ion wi h a modelling app oach. Howe e , as he au ho s s a e, he no- a ion p oposed is imma u e and hey do no p o ide a ech- nique o deploy models in o an implemen a ion pla o m. In addi ion, he e a e o he app oaches which do no pe - o m he sepa a ion, bu whe e business logics and in e ac- ion aspec s a e iden i ied [9, 12, 4]. In [9], au ho s p opose an UML p o ile and an MDD ans o ma ion. Howe e , hey nei he sepa a e o ches a ion o cho eog aphy in mod- els no gene a e code o hese aspec s. Simila mappings a e ollowed in [21, 12]. Howe e , in hese app oaches a p elimina y e sion o no a ion and ans o ma ions is p o- ided whe e a comple e sepa a ion be ween o ches a ion and cho eog aphy is no achie ed. Wi h espec o implemen a ion de ails, he e a e many p oposals which i in o he sepa a ion be ween cho eog a- phy and o ches a ion aspec s. In [4] and [19] au ho s p o- pose and de ine a way o gene a e implemen a ions sepa a - ing cho eog aphies and o ches a ions. Un o una ely, hese implemen a ions ha d-code o ches a ion wi h cho eog a- phies, hus disabling un- ime e olu ion o business p o- cesses. The gene al ule is he ans o ma ion o models in o o ches a ion languages, such as BPEL [20], WSCI [1] o BPML [22]. Rega ding cu en s anda ds, BPEL uses WSDL in e - aces o desc ibe he unc ionali y i o e s and also o in- oke unc ionali ies equi ed om o he Web se ices [18, 6]. As a consequence, he managemen o in e ac ions p o- ided by BPEL is based on one-sho in e ac ions ins ead o a long-li ed con e sa ional app oach, causing business and con e sa ion logics o be highly coupled [8, 23]. Fu - he mo e, he p e-de ined and in lexible na u e o BPEL does no ca e o lexible and adap i e business collabo- a ions. Ne e heless, a na u al e olu ion o he BPEL4WS speci ica ion should eplace cu en WSDL-based abs ac- ions wi h new con e sa ion models such as WCSI [1], WS- CDLand OWL-S. The main p oblem o hese ini ia i es is ha hey ha e a decla a i e na u e and canno , by i sel , be execu ed, limi ing dynamic aspec s. Thus, he main mo i a ion o his wo k is ha , by he bes o ou knowledge, he e is no a sui able app oach in he SOC ield ollowing MDD echniques, no any execu ion and implemen a ion pla o m ha pe o ms a co ec sepa- a ion be ween cho eog aphy and o ches a ion aspec s. 3. An UML 2 P o ile o Modelling Cho eog a- phy and O ches a ion Agen -O ien ed So wa e Enginee ing (AOSE) is de- o ed o de elop highly collabo a i e sys ems whe e as- pec s simila o he ones in he SOC ield ha e been deal wi h. Models p esen ed in his sec ion a e based on an AOSE me hodology called me hodology o analysing com- plex mul iagen sys ems (MaCMAS) ha is being in eg a ed in se e al esea ch ields such as au onomic compu ing o so wa e p oduc lines [16, 17]. MaCMAS uses wo di e en diag ams o ep esen ing each iew o he p ocess: a dynamic diag am ep esen ing how in e ac ions and business p ocesses ake place along ime based on UML S a e Machines; and a s a ic iew show- ing he ela ionships be ween se ices in a s a ic way by means o ex ended UML 2 collabo a ions. O ches a ion is ep esen ed as an abs ac desc ip ion ins an ia ed a un- ime o design ime, wi h conc e e se ices and a conc e e P op/Resea ch Ques ions [9] [23] [21] [12] [4] [19] [20] [1] [22] Ou App. Models o Cho .& O ch. ∼√ √ ∼ ∼ X−−− √ T ans . UML2Impl. √X∼ ∼ X X − − − ∼ Impl. sepa a ing Cho .& O ch. ∼X X X √ √ ∼ ∼ ∼ √ Table 1. Rela ed wo k s udy. Me amodel elemen S e eo ype Uml Base Class Tags Role << Role >> Collabo a ionRole mul iplici y En i onmen alRole << En i onmen alRole >> Collabo a ionRole – mRI << mRI >> Collabo a ion pa e n:S ing mRI Pos condi ion –Pos condi ion – mRI In –Collabo a ion Ou : S ing mRI Ou –Collabo a ion In: S ing Role S a e << RoleS a e >> S a e – mRI T ansi ion << RoleM RIT ansi ion >> Signal in T ans. – Table 2. UML 2 p o ile o Cho eog aphy and O ches a ion cho eog aphy. Figu e 1 depic s he ole model o ou case s udy, a business collabo a ion. The Deale sells p oduc s which a e sen o cus ome s by he Logis ic pla o m, allow- ing he acking du ing he deli e y p ocess. To s a ically show he ela ionships be ween se ices we p opose o use ex ended MaCMAS ole models. These models a e buil o ase o oles, he po ion(s) o a so wa e a i ac (s) which is exposed as a se ice, collabo a ing by means o se e al mul i-Role In e ac ions (mRIs). In Figu e 1 boxes ep esen oles, and ellipses in e ac ions; he op iew ep esen s he o ches a ion (business p ocess), while he bo om iew ep- esen s he cho eog aphy. mRIs in he ex e nal package ep- esen c oss-o ganisa ion in e ac ions, while he o he mRIs ep esen in e nal uses o se ices. mRIs a e used a he o ches a ion le el in o de o de- sc ibe he business p ocess wi hou de ailing he se o needed messages. They a e also used o ep esen conc e e in e ac ions a he cho eog aphy le el. Thus, mRIs a he o ches a ion le el also pe mi linking wi h an speci ic in- e ac ion p o ocol a design ime, o elega e his linking a un- ime. Fo example, in Figu e 1, in he op model he mRI T ackO de abs ac ly ep esen s he se o messages needed o ack an o de , while in he bo om model mRIs ge O de s and ackO de ep esen he conc e e messages ha ha e o be exchanged. The agged alue Pa e n ep- esen s a collabo a ion pa e n, o example a eques - eply pa e n which can be used o ins an ia e a un- ime well- known MEPs (Message Exchange Pa e ns) om a eposi- o y. An a ow om a ole o an mRI means ha he ole ini ia es he mRI, while an a ow p esen ing an associa ion esponds o he ini ia o . Table 2 p esen s he p o iles o oles and mRIs. As shown, he ole elemen is a ibu ed by means o UML agged alues. The mul iplici y ag speci ies he numbe o conc e e se ices ha can play his ole. The En i on- men al Role is an s e eo ype ha indica es ha he ole is no a se ice, bu a so wa e componen . The in e ac ions be ween hese oles and se ices ep esen communica ion ac s wi h he legacy sys em. Rega ding mRIs, Pos condi ion ep esen s he condi ion ha mus hold a e he execu ion o an mRI. In and Ou elemen s ep esen he in o ma ion consumed and p oduced by an mRI. In addi ion, he dynamic pa , in ol ing ime, is ep e- sen ed by means o UML 2.0 S a e Machines. In Figu e 1, he dynamic iew o he case s udy is shown on he igh and bo om o he igu e. The igh model ep esen s he o ches- a ion be ween he Deale and he Logis ic pla o m, while he bo om model ep esen s he cho eog aphy o acking o de s. In bo h models each ansi ion ep esen he execu- ion o a mRI. Finally, no ice ha he MaCMAS CASE Tool allows o de elop hese models as an ex ension o he A goUML Case ool. The e o e, he p esen ed models can be d awn by means o he p esen ed p o ile. A goUML allows expo ing models in XMI o ma (a s anda dised XML ile wi h he desc ip ion o he UML models), which is aken as inpu o ou ans o ma ion (see Sec ion 5). 4. Implemen a ion and Execu ion Pla o m o Sepa a ing O ches a ion and Cho eog a- phy DENEB (pla o m o he De elopmen and Execu ion o iN e ope able dynamic wEB p ocesses) is a dynamic Web p ocesses implemen a ion and execu ion amewo k based on he Ne s-wi hin-Ne s pa adigm and he Renew Figu e 1. Role model o ou business collabo a ion case s udy. ool [8]. This amewo k allows he co ec sepa a ion be- ween cho eog aphy and o ches a ion aspec s and manages all he communica ion- ela ed aspec s h ough a message b oke based on RLinda [7], an implemen a ion o he Linda coo dina ion sys em [5]. The SOA-based a chi ec u e o DENEB is composed o h ee main componen s, depic ed in Figu e 2. The message b oke o en e p ise se e bus is he co e o DENEB. I p o ides he necessa y in as uc u e o de- couple and suppo in e ac ions among di e en compo- nen s and sepa a es he logic o he message exchanges om he conc e e way a message is deli e ed o ecei ed. I con ains wo main componen s: a message eposi o y; and he binding componen s (also called media o s), which a e esponsible o sending and ecei ing messages among e- mo e o local pee componen s h ough he message epos- i o y [21]. These componen s allow p ocesses o use di - e en echnologies and communica ion p o ocols indepen- den ly o he way hey in e ac wi h he message eposi o y. As shown in Figu e 2, he so wa e componen s which ac as se ice engines a e a icula ed a ound he message b oke . They can ake a wide a ie y o o ms depending on he ype o unc ion hey supply, such as business logic o ans o ma ion se ices, o ins ance. SOC a oids any knowledge o he p og amming model o he se ice en- gine ha plugs in o he b oke in as uc u e, so he se ice componen s in e ac wi h ex e nal en i ies by means o he exchange o messages h ough he message b oke using a common and de ined o ma . The binding componen s a e esponsible o sending and ecei ing messages o and om he conc e e endpoin . The di e en unc ionali ies ha ex- is s in he se ice engines allow he sepa a ion in wo classes Figu e 2. High-le el iew o he a chi ec u e o DENEB. o se ice engines. On he one hand, he wo k lows engines, which ep esen he business logics o he p ocess and a e in cha ge o execu ing he o ches a ion p ocesses. On he o he hand, he p o ocol engines, which ep esen he in e - ac ion logics and execu es he cho eog aphies. The use o bo h, wo k low and p o ocol engines, allows he co ec and independen sepa a ion o cho eog aphy and o ches a ion aspec s, whose models a e desc ibed and di ec ly execu ed in e ms o Ne s-wi hin-Ne s in DENEB [10, 3]. In addi ion, all models a e expo able using an ex ended PNML desc ip- ion language (ISO/IEC 15909), which can be gene a ed in an au oma ic manne (see Sec ion 5). Figu e 3 depic s he au oma ically gene a ed o ches a- ion wo k low co esponding o he Deli e ySe ice ole de- pic ed in Figu e 1 and he ackO de cho eog aphy, which will be execu ed by he o ches a ion p ocess in esponse o he ini ial cus ome ’s in oca ion (acco ding o Figu e 1). Fo he sake o simplici y, only hese wo igu es a e shown o demons a e he ans o ma ion. No e ha o ches a- ion implemen a ions a e execu ed by he wo k low engine, whe eas cho eog aphies a e c ea ed by o ches a ions and un by he con e sa ion engine in he DENEB amewo k. Bo h o ches a ion and cho eog aphy implemen a ions a e execu ed on an ins ance o he DENEB pla o m. DENEB p o ides wi h some mechanisms in o de o allow wo k lows o communica e wi h con e sa ions, and ice e sa. Channels a e a mechanism which allow wo o mo e ne s o synch onise by means o he i e o a ansi- ion which con ains a channel insc ip ion [10]. Addi ionaly, channels allow wo k lows and con e sa ions o exchange in o ma ion. Those a e he basics o he :absCond() channels used in he wo k low and con e sa ion ne s. Fi- nally, con e sa ions can in e ac wi h he message b oke by means o he use o channels :w() and : (),which co espond o he w i e and ead ope a ions o he RLinda implemen a ion, espec i ely. Le us now desc ibe he o ches a ion wo k low which co esponds o he deli e y se ice. T ansi ions 1 and 20 implemen he s a ing and he ending o he execu- ion o he o ches a ion, espec i ely. Acco ding o he s a e machine depic ed in Figu e 1, he i ing o ansi- ion 1 s a s he pa allel execu ion o wo b anches in he case he o de has no s ill been ecei ed (gua d ! e- cei ed). The le one co esponds o he sequen ial c ea ion and execu ion o he cho eog aphies deli e yIn o,Recei e and Calcula eSe iceP ice, while he igh one ep esen s he c ea ion and execu ion o he ackO de cho eog aphy. Le us concen a e on he ackO de b anch. T ansi ion 11 c ea es a new ins ance o he ackO de cho eog a- phy, pu ing i in o he con e sa ion space o he DENEB amewo k by means o he synch onised i ing o channel :pa icipa eCon , in Renew’s e minology [10]. This s ep implemen s he pa icipa ion o he o ches a ion p o- cess in a cho eog aphy ini ia ed by ano he p ocess (by he cus ome , in his case). Then, i ing ansi ion 12 he con- e sa ion engine s a s he execu ion o he cho eog aphy in a dis ibu ed manne . T ansi ions 13 and 16 allow he o ches a ion wo k low o ecei e and pass da a om and o he unning cho eog aphy h ough abs ac condi- ions (channel :absCond). These da a a e p ocessed by he binding componen s which manage he access o in e - nal o ex e nal esou ces in a p ope way. The mechanism o in e ac wi h he sys em binding componen s using an :execu e channel is implemen ed in ansi ions 14 and 15. The cho eog aphy’s execu ion inishes i ing ansi- ion 17, and a oken is placed in he op place o he igh b anch. The p ocess can epea un il he o de is ecei ed. In ha case, he gua d o 11 disables he i ing o ansi- ion 11 and he only possible e olu ion is o i e ansi ion 18. Finally, when he Calcula eSe iceP ice cho eog a- phy inishes, bo h b anches synch onise and he o ches a- ion p ocess ends. Le us now concen a e on he ackO de cho eog a- phy. Once loaded in o he con e sa ion engine, he ack- O de cho eog aphy s a s by means o he synch onisa ion o ansi ion 30 h ough he DENEB’s sys em ne . T ansi- ion 31 p ocesses he in oca ion o a cus ome eques o he a ailabili y o ack o de s h ough he message b oke using he Linda-based ope a ion ake [5]. Then, he eques is passed o he o ches a ion wo k low and he esponse o i s execu ion is ob ained by means o he use o abs ac condi ions ( ansi ions 32 and 33, espec i ely). Once he esul has been ob ained, a esponse is sen o he cus- ome ough he message b oke using he w i e ope a- ion, i ing ansi ion 34. A simila in e ac ion p ocess is epea ed again ( ansi ions 35- 38) o p ocess he ack- ing o a speci ic o de selec ed by he cus ome . Finally, he ackO de cho eog aphy inishes he execu ion o he p o ocol by means o he i ing o ansi ion 39. [] [] :absCond("Ge Resul ",idExec, esul ) [w,idCho ] [w,idCho ] [w,idCho ,cus ome , esul ] 30 31 32 33 34 39 :begin() idCon idCon . . . . . . :absCond(op,pa ams,idExec) :execu e(op,pa ams,idExec) [idCho ,op,pa ams,idExec] idCho idCho [idCho ,idExec, esul ] [idCho ,idExec, esul ] [idCho ,idExec] [idCho ,idExec] [idCho ,op,pa ams,idExec] idCho idCho idCho idCho 1 2 4 5 7 8 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 Deli e ySe ice O ches a ion T ackO de Cho eog aphy (F om he Deli e y se ice’s poin o iew) :end() 20 cho : new Cho eo_Deli e yIn o; :c ea eCho eo( his,idCon , "Deli e ySe ice","",cho ); Deli e y In o Recei e Calcula eSe iceP ice :endCho eo( his,idCho ,ok) :absCond("Ge Resul ",idExec, esul ) :endCho eo( his,idCon ,ok) :beginCho eo( his,id) :ge Resul s(idExec, esul ) :begin(w,idCho ) [w,idCho ,cus ome , esul ] :end(w,idCho ,"done") [w,idCho ] T ackO de Send esul Ge pa ams C ea e cho eog aphy End cho eog aphy cho : new Cho eo_T ackO de ; :pa icipa eCho eo( his,idCho , "Deli e ySe ice","",cho ); 11 gua d ! ecei ed gua d ecei ed 18 : ([cus ome ," ackO de F omCus ome ", [op,pa ams],idCho ]) [w,idCho ,cus ome ,[op,pa ams]] [w,idCho ,cus ome ,["Ge A ailableT acks",pa ams]] :absCond("Ge A ailableT acks",pa ams,idExec) [w,idCho ,cus ome ,idExec] [w,idCho ,cus ome ,idExec] :w([cus ome ,"a ailableT ackingO de s", esul ,idCho ]) :absCond("Ge Resul ",idExec, esul ) [w,idCho ,cus ome , esul ] 35 36 37 38 [w,idCho ,cus ome , esul ] : ([cus ome ," ackO de F omCus ome ", [op,pa ams],idCho ]) [w,idCho ,cus ome ,[op,pa ams]] [w,idCho ,cus ome ,idExec] [w,idCho ,cus ome ,idExec] [w,idCho ] :absCond("Ge O de S a us",pa ams,idExec) [w,idCho ,cus ome ,["Ge O de S a us",pa ams]] :w([cus ome ,"o de T ackingS a us", esul ,idCho ]) [w,idCho ] [w,idCho ] S a cho eog aphy Ge a ailable acking o de s Ge an o de s a us End cho eog aphy Figu e 3. Deli e y Se ice o ches a ion wo k low and ackO de cho eog aphy. 5. O e iew o he T ans o ma ion Al hough he ans o ma ion p ocess is no he aim o his pape , he main co ela ions be ween he concep s a he modelling and he implemen a ion le els a e p o ided. The ans o ma ion o egula Pe i-ne s has been pe o med in he li e a u e, bu he ans o ma ion om he modi ica ions o UML o e e ence Pe i-ne and i s di ec execu ion ha e no been p o ided ye . Implemen ing abs ac mRIs in o DENEB wo k lows im- plies, as was shown, he execu ion o a cho eog aphy p o- cess ini ia ed om an o ches a ion p ocess (bo h, he co - esponding skele on in he o ches a ion pa and he cho e- og aphy, a e au oma ically gene a ed). Depending whe he he ole is he in e ac ion ini ia o o no ( his in o ma- ion is ex ac ed om he ole model) he wo k low c ea es he cho eog aphy o pa icipa es in i by means o he use o :c ea eCho eo() o :pa icipa eCho eo() synch onisa ion channels, espec i ely. These channels synch onise h ough he DENEB’s sys em ne . The e o e, o ches a ion wo k lows and cho eog aphies can execu e in an independen manne . The pa ame e s in mRIs (inpu and ou pu ) a e implemen ed in DENEB h ough he :begin and :end synch onisa ion channels which allow o pass in- o ma ion om he o ches a ion wo k low o he cho eog- aphy and ice e sa, espec i ely. Fu he de ails abou he co ela ion and ans o ma ion p ocess can be ob ained in [15]. F om he poin o iew o implemen a ion, ans o ma ions among MacMAS/UML models and DENEB’s en i ies a e pe o med using XSLT code in o de o ans o m he XMI o he UML model in o ex ended Pe i-Ne s Modelling Language (PNML), which is also based on XML. The au oma ically gene a ed PNML code ep esen s he DENEB’s implemen a ion ne s, which can be loaded and execu ed in he pla o m a un- ime. 6. Conclusions Success ul de elopmen and execu ion o lexible and adap able SOA sys ems need om bes p ac ices o sol e some impo an d awbacks ha appea when dealing wi h cho eog aphy and o ches a ion aspec s. Al hough hey a e wo sides o he same coin, i is commonly accep ed ha bo h o hem need o be deal in a sepa a ed, bu coo di- na ed way along he ull de elopmen and execu ion li e cycle. In his pape , we ha e shown how he in eg a ion o a MDD app oach, MaCMAS, wi h a lexible de elop- men and execu ion amewo k o Web p ocesses, DENEB, exploi s his sepa a ion a he design and execu ion s ages. The in eg a ed app oach allows a e y lexible way o deal- ing wi h business p ocesses, acili a ing hei e olu ion in highly dynamic scena ios. 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