Measurement of Υ production in pp collisions at √s=2.76TeV

Eu . Phys. J. C (2014) 74:2835
DOI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-2835-1
Regula A icle - Expe imen al Physics
Measu emen o ϒp oduc ion in pp collisions a √s=2.76 TeV
The LHCb Collabo a ion
CERN, 1211 Gene a 23, Swi ze land
Recei ed: 12 Feb ua y 2014 / Accep ed: 25 Ma ch 2014 / Published online: 29 Ap il 2014
© CERN o he bene i o he LHCb collabo a ion 2014. This a icle is published wi h open access a Sp inge link.com
Abs ac The p oduc ion o ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)
mesons decaying in o he dimuon inal s a e is s udied wi h
he LHCb de ec o using a da a sample co esponding o an
in eg a ed luminosi y o 3.3pb
−1collec ed in p o on–p o on
collisions a a cen e-o -mass ene gy o √s=2.76TeV. The
di e en ial p oduc ion c oss-sec ions imes dimuon b anch-
ing ac ions a e measu ed as unc ions o he ϒ ans e se
momen um and apidi y, o e he anges pT<15 GeV/c
and 2.0<y<4.5. The o al c oss-sec ions in his kinema ic
egion, assuming unpola ised p oduc ion, a e measu ed o be
σ(pp →ϒ(1S)X)×Bϒ(1S)→μ+μ−
=1.111 ±0.043 ±0.044 nb,
σ(pp →ϒ(2S)X)×Bϒ(2S)→μ+μ−
=0.264 ±0.023 ±0.011 nb,
σ(pp →ϒ(3S)X)×Bϒ(3S)→μ+μ−
=0.159 ±0.020 ±0.007 nb,
whe e he i s unce ain y is s a is ical and he second sys-
ema ic.
1 In oduc ion
S udies o he p oduc ion o hea y qua k-an iqua k bound
sys ems, such as he bb s a es ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)
(indica ed gene ically as ϒin he ollowing) in had on-
had on in e ac ions p obe he dynamics o he colliding pa -
ons and p o ide a unique insigh in o quan um ch omo-
dynamics (QCD). The o al p oduc ion c oss-sec ions and
spin con igu a ions o hese hea y qua konium s a es a e
cu en ly no ep oduced by he heo e ical models. These
include he colou single model [1–5], ecen ly imp o ed
by adding highe -o de con ibu ions [6,7], he colou -
e apo a ion model [8], and he non-pe u ba i e colou oc e
mechanism [9–11], which is in es iga ed in he amewo k
e-mail: Dmy o.V[email p o ec ed]
o non- ela i is ic QCD. The i s comple e nex - o-leading
o de calcula ion o ϒp oduc ion p ope ies [12], based on
he non- ela i is ic QCD ac o isa ion scheme, p o ides a
good desc ip ion o he measu ed di e en ial c oss-sec ions
a la ge ans e se momen um, pT, bu o e es ima es he da a
a low pT.
The p oduc ion o ϒmesons in p o on–p o on (pp) colli-
sions occu s ei he di ec ly in pa on sca e ing o ia eed-
down om he decay o hea ie p omp bo omonium s a es,
like χb[13–16], o highe -mass ϒs a es. The la e sou ce
complica es he heo e ical desc ip ion o bo omonium
p oduc ion [17,18].
The La ge Had on Collide p o ides a unique possibili y
o s udy bo omonium and cha monium had op oduc ion in
pp in e ac ions a di e en collision ene gies and disc im-
ina e be ween a ious heo e ical app oaches. This s udy
p esen s he i s measu emen o he inclusi e p oduc ion
c oss-sec ions o he h ee conside ed ϒmesons in pp col-
lisions a a cen e-o -mass ene gy o √s=2.76 TeV. The
measu emen s a e pe o med as unc ions o he ϒ ans-
e se momen um and apidi y, y, sepa a ely in six bins o
pTin he ange pT<15 GeV/cand i e bins o yin he
ange 2.0<y<4.5. The esul s a e epo ed as p oduc s o
he c oss-sec ions and he b anching ac ions o ϒmesons
in o he dimuon inal s a e. This analysis is complemen a y
o hose pe o med by he ATLAS [19], CMS [20] and LHCb
[21,22] collabo a ions and allows s udies o he ϒp oduc-
ion c oss-sec ion a o wa d apidi ies as a unc ion o he
cen e-o -mass ene gy.
2 De ec o and da a sample
The LHCb de ec o [23] is a single-a m o wa d spec ome-
e co e ing he pseudo apidi y ange 2 <η<5, designed
o he s udy o pa icles con aining b o c qua ks. The de ec-
o includes a high-p ecision acking sys em consis ing o
a silicon-s ip e ex de ec o su ounding he pp in e ac ion
egion, a la ge-a ea silicon-s ip de ec o loca ed ups eam
123
2835 Page 2 o 11 Eu . Phys. J. C (2014) 74:2835
o a dipole magne wi h a bending powe o abou 4 Tm,
and h ee s a ions o silicon-s ip de ec o s and s aw d i
ubes placed downs eam. The combined acking sys em
p o ides a momen um measu emen wi h ela i e unce ain y
ha a ies om 0.4 % a 5 GeV/c o 0.6 % a 100 GeV/c, and
impac pa ame e esolu ion o 20 μm o acks wi h la ge
ans e se momen um. Di e en ypes o cha ged had ons
a e dis inguished by in o ma ion om wo ing-imaging
Che enko de ec o s [24]. Pho on, elec on and had on can-
dida es a e iden i ied by a calo ime e sys em consis ing o
scin illa ing-pad and p eshowe de ec o s, an elec omag-
ne ic calo ime e and a had onic calo ime e . Muons a e iden-
i ied by a sys em composed o al e na ing laye s o i on and
mul iwi e p opo ional chambe s [25].
The analysis is ca ied ou using a sample o da a co e-
sponding o an in eg a ed luminosi y o 3.3pb
−1collec ed in
pp collisions a √s=2.76 TeV. E en s o in e es a e p e-
selec ed by a igge consis ing o a ha dwa e s age, based
on in o ma ion om he calo ime e and muon sys ems, ol-
lowed by a so wa e s age, which applies a ull e en econ-
s uc ion. The p esence o wo muon candida es wi h he
p oduc o hei pTla ge han 1.68 (GeV/c)2is equi ed in
he ha dwa e igge . A he so wa e s age, he e en s a e
equi ed o con ain wo well econs uc ed acks wi h hi s
in he muon sys em, ha ing o al and ans e se momen a
g ea e han 6 and 0.5GeV/c, espec i ely. The selec ed muon
candida es a e u he equi ed o o igina e om a common
e ex and ha e an in a ian mass la ge han 4.7GeV/c2.
To de e mine he accep ance, econs uc ion and igge
e iciencies, ully simula ed signal samples a e eweigh ed
o ep oduce he mul iplici y dis ibu ions o econs uc ed
p ima y e ices, acks and hi s in he de ec o obse ed in
he da a. The simula ion is pe o med using he LHCb con-
igu a ion [26]o hePy hia 6.4 e en gene a o [27]. He e,
decays o had onic pa icles a e desc ibed by E Gen [28]in
which inal-s a e pho ons a e gene a ed using Pho os [29].
The in e ac ion o he gene a ed pa icles wi h he de ec o
and i s esponse a e implemen ed using he Gean 4 oolki
[30,31] as desc ibed in Re . [32].
3 Signal selec ion and c oss-sec ion de e mina ion
The selec ion s a egy used in he p e ious LHCb s udies on
ϒp oduc ion [21,22] is applied he e. I includes selec ion
c i e ia ha ensu e good quali y ack and e ex econs uc-
ion. In addi ion, he muon candida es a e equi ed o ha e
p>10 GeV/cand pT>1GeV/c. To u he educe back-
g ound con amina ion, a se o addi ional equi emen s is
employed in his analysis. I consis s o igh ened c i e ia on
ack quali y [33], muon iden i ica ion [34] and a good qual-
i y o a global i o he dimuon e ex wi h a p ima y e ex
cons ain [35].
910 11 12 13
1
10
2
10
3
10
Fig. 1 In a ian mass dis ibu ion o selec ed ϒ→μ+μ−candida es
wi h pT<15 GeV/cand 2.0<y<4.5. The esul o he i desc ibed
in he ex is illus a ed wi h a ed solid line, while he signal and back-
g ound componen s a e shown wi h magen a do ed and blue dashed
lines, espec i ely. The h ee peaks co espond o he ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)
and ϒ(3S)mesons ( om le o igh )
The in a ian mass dis ibu ion o he selec ed ϒ→μ+μ−
candida es is shown in Fig. 1 o he ull kinema ic ange. The
dis ibu ion is desc ibed by a unc ion simila o he one used
in he p e ious s udies on ϒp oduc ion [21,22]. I models
he signal componen using he sum o h ee C ys al Ball
unc ions [36], one o each o he ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)
signals, and includes an exponen ial componen o accoun
o combina o ial backg ound. The posi ion and wid h o
he C ys al Ball unc ion desc ibing he ϒ(1S)meson a e
allowed o a y, while he mass di e ences be ween ϒs a es
a e ixed o hei known alues [37] along wi h pa ame e s
desc ibing he adia i e ail, as de e mined om simula ion
s udies. The wid hs o he ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)peaks a e con-
s ained o he alue o he wid h o he ϒ(1S)signal scaled
by he a io o hei masses o he ϒ(1S)mass. In o al, i e
pa ame e s a e ex ac ed om he i o he signal compo-
nen : he yields o ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)s a es, he ϒ(1S)
mass esolu ion and i s peak posi ion. The la e is ound o
be consis en wi h he known mass o he ϒ(1S)meson [37],
while easonable ag eemen is obse ed be ween he da a and
simula ion o he ϒ(1S)mass esolu ion.
The ϒp oduc ion c oss-sec ions a e measu ed sepa a ely
in six bins o pTand i e bins o ysince he limi ed amoun
o da a does no allow a measu emen o double di e en ial
c oss-sec ions. Fo a gi en pTo ybin, he di e en ial c oss-
sec ion o he inclusi e ϒp oduc ion o he h ee di e en
s a es decaying in o he dimuon inal s a e is de e mined as
dσ(pp →ϒX)
dpT×Bϒ→μ+μ−=Nco
ϒ
L×pT
,(1a)
123
Eu . Phys. J. C (2014) 74:2835 Page 3 o 11 2835
dσ(pp →ϒX)
dy×Bϒ→μ+μ−=Nco
ϒ
L×y,(1b)
whe e Nco
ϒis he e iciency-co ec ed yield o ϒ→μ+μ−
decays, Ls ands o he in eg a ed luminosi y and pT(y)
deno es he pT(y)bin size. Fo he mass i s in indi idual pT
and ybins, he ϒ(1S)peak posi ion is ixed o he alue
ob ained om he i o he ull kinema ic ange, while
he ϒ(1S)mass esolu ion is pa ame e ised wi h a unc-
ion o pTand yusing simula ion. The o al obse ed signal
yields and hei s a is ical unce ain ies o ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)
and ϒ(3S)mesons ob ained by summa ion o e pT(y)bins
a e 1139 ±37 (1145 ±37), 271 ±20 (270 ±20)and 158 ±
16 (156 ±16), espec i ely. These esul s a e in good ag ee-
men wi h he o al signal yields ob ained om he i o he
econs uc ed dimuon in a ian mass o he ull kinema ic
ange.
Based on he mass i esul s in indi idual bins, he
e iciency-co ec ed yield o each kinema ic egion is de e -
mined as
Nco
ϒ=
i
wϒ
i
ε o
i
,(2)
whe e wϒ
iis a signal weigh ac o , ε o
iis he o al signal e en
e iciency and he sum uns o e all candida es i.Thewϒ
i ac-
o accoun s o he backg ound sub ac ion and is ob ained
om he i using he sPlo echnique [38]. The o al signal
e en e iciency is calcula ed o each ϒ→μ+μ−candida e
as
ε o =εacc ×ε ec ×ε g ×εµID,(3)
whe e εacc is he de ec o accep ance, ε ec is he econs uc-
ion and selec ion e iciency, ε g is he igge e iciency
and εµID is he e iciency o muon iden i ica ion. The e i-
ciencies εacc,ε ec and ε g a e de e mined using simula-
ion and u he co ec ed using da a-d i en echniques o
accoun o small di e ences in muon econs uc ion e i-
ciency be ween da a and simula ion [33,34,39]. The e i-
ciency εµID is measu ed di ec ly om da a using a ag-and-
p obe me hod on a la ge sample o J/ψ→μ+μ−decays. The
o al e iciency-co ec ed signal yields ob ained by summa-
ion o e pT(y)bins o ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)mesons
a e 3678 ±144 (3684 ±143), 875 ±76 (869 ±75)and
527 ±65 (515 ±64), espec i ely.
The in eg a ed luminosi y o he da a sample is es ima ed
wi h he beam-gas imaging me hod [40–44]. I is based on
he beam cu en s and he measu emen s o he angles, o -
se s and ans e se p o iles o he wo colliding bunches,
which is achie ed by econs uc ing beam-gas in e ac ion
e ices.
4 Sys ema ic unce ain ies
P e ious LHCb s udies o ϒp oduc ion [21,22] showed ha
he signal e iciency depends on he ini ial pola isa ion o
ϒmesons. This p ope y was measu ed in pp collisions a
√s=7 TeV by he CMS collabo a ion a cen al apidi ies
and la ge pTand was ound o be small [45]. Pola isa ion
o o he ec o qua konium s a es, such as J/ψand ψ(2S)
mesons was s udied in pp collisions a √s=7TeV by he
LHCb [46,47] and ALICE [48] collabo a ions and was also
ound o be small. This analysis is pe o med assuming ze o
pola isa ion o ϒmesons and no co esponding sys ema ic
unce ain y is assigned.
The sys ema ic unce ain ies a ec ing he ϒc oss-sec ion
measu emen s p esen ed in his pape a e summa ised in
Table 1. These unce ain ies a e s ongly co ela ed be ween
bins. The la ges con ibu ion a ises om he absolu e lumi-
nosi y scale, which is de e mined wi h a 2.3 % unce ain y.
I is domina ed by he e ex esolu ion o beam-gas in e ac-
ions and de ec o alignmen [44].
The in luence o he signal ex ac ion echnique is s udied
by a ying he i ange and he signal and backg ound pa am-
e e isa ions used in he i model. The i s a e also pe o med
wi h loa ing mass and esolu ion o he ϒ(1S)peak and wi h-
ou cons ain s o he ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)masses. The sp ead
o he ex ac ed signal yields be ween hese scena ios is aken
as he co esponding sys ema ic unce ain y. I anges om
0.4 o 33 % o di e en pT(y)bins and amoun s o 0.5, 1.0
and 2.3 % o he ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)c oss-sec ion
measu emen s in he ull kinema ic egion, espec i ely.
The possible mismodeling o b emss ahlung simula ion
o he adia i e ail and i s e ec on he signal shape was
add essed in he p e ious LHCb analysis [22]. I leads o an
addi ional unce ain y o 1.0 %.
Table 1 Rela i e sys ema ic unce ain ies (in %) a ec ing he ϒp o-
duc ion c oss-sec ion measu emen s in he ull kinema ic egion. The
o al unce ain ies a e ob ained by adding he indi idual e ec s in
quad a u e
Sou ce ϒ(1S)ϒ(2S)ϒ(3S)
Luminosi y 2.3 2.3 2.3
Fi model and ange 0.5 1.0 2.3
Da a-simula ion ag eemen
Radia i e ails 1.0 1.0 1.0
Mul iplici y eweigh ing 0.6 0.4 2.0
E iciency co ec ions 0.7 1.0 1.0
T ack econs uc ion 2 ×0.42×0.42×0.4
Selec ion a iables 1.0 1.0 1.0
T igge 2.0 2.0 2.0
To al 3.6 3.7 4.7
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2835 Page 4 o 11 Eu . Phys. J. C (2014) 74:2835
Se e al sys ema ic unce ain ies a e ela ed o he de e -
mina ion o he o al e iciency componen s in Eq. (3). The
de ec o accep ance, econs uc ion and selec ion e icien-
cies a e de e mined using simula ed samples. These a e co -
ec ed using an i e a i e p ocedu e o ma ch he mul iplici y
dis ibu ions o econs uc ed p ima y e ices, acks and
hi s in he de ec o wi h hose obse ed in da a. The sys em-
a ic unce ain y associa ed wi h his eweigh ing p ocedu e
is assessed by a ying he numbe o i e a i e s eps. I anges
om 0.4 o 4.8 % o di e en pT(y)bins and is ound o
be 0.6, 0.4 and 2.0 % o he ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)
c oss-sec ion measu emen s in he ull kinema ic egion,
espec i ely.
The ε ec e iciency is co ec ed using da a-d i en ech-
niques o a small di e ence in he muon econs uc-
ion e iciency be ween da a and simula ion [33,34]. The
εµID e iciency is de e mined om da a using al e na i e
me hods, based on a ag-and-p obe app oach on a la ge
sample o J/ψ→μ+μ−decays. The di e ence be ween
hese me hods is aken as he co esponding sys ema ic
unce ain y. I is combined wi h he unce ain ies associ-
a ed wi h he co ec ion ac o s discussed abo e and p op-
aga ed o he ϒc oss-sec ion measu emen s using 400
pseudo-expe imen s. The esul ing unce ain y anges om
1.0 o 13 % o di e en pT(y)bins and amoun s o
0.7, 1.0 and 1.0 % o he ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)
c oss-sec ion measu emen s in he ull kinema ic egion,
espec i ely.
To accoun o di e ences be ween he ac ual acking
e iciency and ha es ima ed wi h simula ion using da a-
d i en echniques [33,39], a sys ema ic unce ain y o 0.4 %
is assigned pe ack.
Good ag eemen be ween he da a and eweigh ed sim-
ula ion is obse ed o all selec ion a iables used in his
analysis, in pa icula o he χ2o he dimuon e ex i and
he χ2o he global i [35]. The disc epancies do no exceed
1.0 %, which is conse a i ely aken as a sys ema ic unce -
ain y o accoun o he disag eemen be ween he da a and
simula ion.
The sys ema ic unce ain y associa ed wi h he igge
equi emen s is assessed by s udying he pe o mance o he
dimuon igge , desc ibed in Sec . 2, o e en s selec ed using
he single muon high-pT igge [49]. The ac ions o signal
ϒ(1S)e en s selec ed using bo h igge equi emen s a e
compa ed o he da a and simula ion in bins o dimuon pT,
and a sys ema ic unce ain y o 2.0 % is assigned.
5 Resul s
The in eg a ed ϒp oduc ion c oss-sec ions imes dimuon
b anching ac ions in he kinema ic egion pT<15 GeV/c
and 2.0<y<4.5 a e measu ed o be
σ(pp →ϒ(1S)X)×Bϒ(1S)→μ+μ−
=1.111 ±0.043 ±0.044 nb,
σ(pp →ϒ(2S)X)×Bϒ(2S)→μ+μ−
=0.264 ±0.023 ±0.011 nb,
σ(pp →ϒ(3S)X)×Bϒ(3S)→μ+μ−
=0.159 ±0.020 ±0.007 nb,
whe e he i s unce ain y is s a is ical and he second sys-
ema ic.
The single di e en ial c oss-sec ions imes dimuon
b anching ac ions a e shown as unc ions o pTand y
in Fig. 2and summa ised in Table 2. The o al unce ain-
ies o he esul s a e domina ed by s a is ical e ec s in
all pTand ybins. In addi ion o he da a, Fig. 2 epo s
heo e ical p edic ions, based on he nex - o-leading o de
non- ela i is ic QCD calcula ion [18], o he ϒdi e en-
ial c oss-sec ions in he kinema ic egion 6 <pT<
15 GeV/cand 2.0<y<4.5. The long-dis ance ma ix
elemen s used in he calcula ions a e i ed o CDF [50]
and D0 [51] esul s o ϒ(1S)p oduc ion in pp collisions
a √s=1.8 and 1.96 TeV. The p edic ions include he
eed-down con ibu ions om highe exci ed S-wa e and
P-wa e bb s a es. Good ag eemen be ween he da a and
p edic ions is ound o all h ee ϒs a es. The dependence
o he ϒc oss-sec ions on yis ound o be mo e p o-
nounced han a highe collision ene gies [21,22], which is
in line wi h heo e ical expec a ions p esen ed o example in
Re . [52].
Figu e 3illus a es he a ios o he ϒ(2S) o ϒ(1S),
R2S/1S, and ϒ(3S) o ϒ(1S),R3S/1S, c oss-sec ions imes
dimuon b anching ac ions as unc ions o pTand y. He e,
mos o he sys ema ic unce ain ies on he c oss-sec ions
cancel, while he s a is ical unce ain ies emain signi ican .
The a ios a e ound o be in good ag eemen wi h he co -
esponding esul s ob ained in he p e ious analyses on ϒ
p oduc ion a √s=7 and 8 TeV [21,22]. The measu ed
R2S/1S and R3S/1S a e also consis en wi h heo e ical p e-
dic ions p esen ed in Re s. [52–54], whe e he ϒ(3S)meson
is conside ed as a mix u e o no mal bb and hyb id bbg
s a es. Table 3lis s R2S/1S and R3S/1S o each pTand
ybin.
To p o ide a e e ence o a u u e LHCb measu emen o
ϒp oduc ion wi h pPb collisions a √sNN =5 TeV, he ϒ
c oss-sec ions a e measu ed in he educed kinema ic egion
pT<15 GeV/cand 2.5<y<4.0. The co esponding
in eg a ed c oss-sec ions imes dimuon b anching ac ions
in his kinema ic egion a e
σ(pp →ϒ(1S)X)×Bϒ(1S)→μ+μ−
=0.670 ±0.025 ±0.026 nb,
123
Eu . Phys. J. C (2014) 74:2835 Page 5 o 11 2835
0510 15
-3
10
-2
10
-1
10
1
22.5 33.5 4 4.5
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
05
10 15
-3
10
-2
10
-1
10
2 2.5 33.5 4 4.5
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0510
15
-3
10
-2
10
-1
10
2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
Fig. 2 Di e en ial c oss-sec ions o ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)
mesons imes dimuon b anching ac ions as unc ions o pT(le )and
y( igh ). The inne e o ba s indica e he s a is ical unce ain y, while
he ou e e o ba s indica e he sum o s a is ical and sys ema ic unce -
ain ies in quad a u e. The nex - o-leading o de non- ela i is ic QCD
p edic ions [18]a eshownby hesolid yellow band
σ(pp →ϒ(2S)X)×Bϒ(2S)→μ+μ−
=0.159 ±0.013 ±0.007 nb,
σ(pp →ϒ(3S)X)×Bϒ(3S)→μ+μ−
=0.089 ±0.010 ±0.004 nb.
6 Conclusions
The p oduc ion o ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)mesons is
obse ed o he i s ime in pp collisions a a cen e-o -
mass ene gy o √s=2.76 TeV a o wa d apidi ies wi h
123

2835 Page 6 o 11 Eu . Phys. J. C (2014) 74:2835
Table 2 C oss-sec ions o
ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S)and ϒ(3S)
mesons imes dimuon b anching
ac ions (in nb) in bins o pT
and ywi hou no malisa ion o
he bin sizes. The i s
unce ain y is s a is ical and he
second is sys ema ic
pT[GeV/c]ϒ(1S)→μ+μ−ϒ(2S)→μ+μ−ϒ(3S)→μ+μ−
0–2 0.257 ±0.021 ±0.011 0.066 ±0.012 ±0.007 0.023 ±0.007 ±0.002
2–3 0.167 ±0.014 ±0.007 0.028 ±0.007 ±0.002 0.024 ±0.008 ±0.002
3–4 0.154 ±0.016 ±0.009 0.038 ±0.008 ±0.002 0.023 ±0.008 ±0.001
4–6 0.277 ±0.023 ±0.013 0.065 ±0.011 ±0.003 0.038 ±0.010 ±0.002
6–10 0.212 ±0.019 ±0.008 0.048 ±0.010 ±0.002 0.033 ±0.008 ±0.001
10–15 0.043 ±0.008 ±0.003 0.020 ±0.007 ±0.001 0.018 ±0.006 ±0.002
yϒ(1S)→μ+μ−ϒ(2S)→μ+μ−ϒ(3S)→μ+μ−
2.0–2.5 0.404 ±0.034 ±0.022 0.101 ±0.019 ±0.005 0.061 ±0.016 ±0.003
2.5–3.0 0.321 ±0.018 ±0.012 0.086 ±0.010 ±0.004 0.053 ±0.008 ±0.003
3.0–3.5 0.227 ±0.013 ±0.008 0.050 ±0.007 ±0.002 0.029 ±0.005 ±0.001
3.5–4.0 0.124 ±0.011 ±0.005 0.025 ±0.005 ±0.001 0.007 ±0.003 ±0.001
4.0–4.5 0.035 ±0.008 ±0.002 0.001 ±0.003 ±0.001 0.005 ±0.004 ±0.001
0510
15
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
22.5 33.5 4
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
05
10 15
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
2 2.5 3 3.5 4
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
Fig. 3 Ra ios o he ϒ(2S) o ϒ(1S)and ϒ(3S) o ϒ(1S)c oss-sec ions imes dimuon b anching ac ions as unc ions o pTand y.Thee o
ba s indica e he o al unce ain ies o he esul s ob ained by adding s a is ical and sys ema ic unce ain ies in quad a u e
a da a sample co esponding o an in eg a ed luminosi y
o 3.3 pb−1.Theϒdi e en ial p oduc ion c oss-sec ions
imes dimuon b anching ac ions a e measu ed sepa a ely
as unc ions o he ϒ ans e se momen um and apidi y o
pT<15 GeV/cand 2.0<y<4.5. The heo e ical p e-
dic ions, based on he nex - o-leading o de non- ela i is ic
QCD calcula ion, p o ide a good desc ip ion o he da a a
la ge pT. The a ios o he ϒ(2S) o ϒ(1S)and ϒ(3S) o
123
Eu . Phys. J. C (2014) 74:2835 Page 7 o 11 2835
Table 3 Ra ios o he ϒ(2S) o ϒ(1S)and ϒ(3S) o ϒ(1S)c oss-
sec ions imes dimuon b anching ac ions as unc ions o pTand y.
The i s unce ain y is s a is ical and he second is sys ema ic
pT[GeV/c]R2S/1S R3S/1S
0–2 0.257 ±0.053 ±0.009 0.090 ±0.030 ±0.006
2–3 0.165 ±0.044 ±0.007 0.141 ±0.050 ±0.010
3–4 0.244 ±0.056 ±0.007 0.148 ±0.055 ±0.006
4–6 0.233 ±0.043 ±0.007 0.138 ±0.037 ±0.005
6–10 0.227 ±0.051 ±0.006 0.157 ±0.041 ±0.004
10–15 0.474 ±0.179 ±0.031 0.413 ±0.155 ±0.029
y
2.0–2.5 0.249 ±0.051 ±0.007 0.152 ±0.042 ±0.006
2.5–3.0 0.266 ±0.033 ±0.007 0.164 ±0.026 ±0.007
3.0–3.5 0.219 ±0.032 ±0.004 0.129 ±0.025 ±0.003
3.5–4.0 0.204 ±0.046 ±0.004 0.060 ±0.026 ±0.003
ϒ(1S)c oss-sec ions imes dimuon b anching ac ions as
unc ions o pTand ya e ound o be in ag eemen wi h he
co esponding esul s ob ained a highe collision ene gies.
Acknowledgmen s We hank G. Bodwin, L. S. Kisslinge , A. K.
Likhoded and A. V. Luchinsky o ui ul discussions abou bo omo-
nium p oduc ion. In addi ion, we a e g a e ul o K.-T. Chao, H. Han and
H.-S. Shao o he nex - o-leading o de non- ela i is ic QCD p edic-
ions o p omp ϒp oduc ion a √s=2.76 TeV. We also exp ess ou
g a i ude o ou colleagues in he CERN accele a o depa men s o he
excellen pe o mance o he LHC. We hank he echnical and admin-
is a i e s a a he LHCb ins i u es. We acknowledge suppo om
CERN and om he na ional agencies: CAPES, CNPq, FAPERJ and
FINEP (B azil); NSFC (China); CNRS/IN2P3 and Region Au e gne
(F ance); BMBF, DFG, HGF and MPG (Ge many); SFI (I eland); INFN
(I aly); FOM and NWO (The Ne he lands); SCSR (Poland); MEN/IFA
(Romania); MinES, Rosa om, RFBR and NRC “Ku cha o Ins i u e”
(Russia); MinECo, Xun aGal and GENCAT (Spain); SNSF and SER
(Swi ze land); NAS Uk aine (Uk aine); STFC (Uni ed Kingdom); NSF
(USA). We also acknowledge he suppo ecei ed om he ERC unde
FP7. The Tie 1 compu ing cen es a e suppo ed by IN2P3 (F ance),
KIT and BMBF (Ge many), INFN (I aly), NWO and SURF (The
Ne he lands), PIC (Spain), G idPP (Uni ed Kingdom). We a e indeb ed
o he communi ies behind he mul iple open sou ce so wa e packages
we depend on. We a e also hank ul o he compu ing esou ces and
he access o so wa e R&D ools p o ided by Yandex LLC (Russia).
OpenAccess This a icle is dis ibu ed unde he e ms o he C ea i e
Commons A ibu ion License which pe mi s any use, dis ibu ion, and
ep oduc ion in any medium, p o ided he o iginal au ho (s) and he
sou ce a e c edi ed.
Funded by SCOAP3/LicenseVe sionCCBY4.0.
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38, C. Hadji asiliou59, G. Hae eli39,C.Haen
38, T. W. Ha kenscheid64, S. C. Haines47,
S. Hall53, B. Hamil on58, T. Hampson46, S. Hansmann-Menzeme 11, N. Ha new55,S.T.Ha new
46, J. Ha ison54,
T. Ha mann61,J.He
38, T. Head38,V.Heijne
41, K. Hennessy52, P. Hen a d5, L. Hen y8, J. A. He nando Mo a a37,
E. an He wijnen38,M.Heß
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55,
N. Hussain55, D. Hu chc o 52, D. Hynds51, V. Iako enko44, M. Idzik27,P.Il en
56, R. Jacobsson38, A. Jaege 11,E.Jans
41,
P. Ja on39, A. Jawahe y58,F.Jing
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S. Kandybei43, W. Kanso6, M. Ka acson38, T. M. Ka bach38,M.Kelsey
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42, B. Khanji20,
C. Khu ewa hanakul39,S.Kla e
54, O. Kochebina7,I.Koma o
39, R. F. Koopman42, P. Koppenbu g41, M. Ko ole 32,
A. Kozlinskiy41, L. K a chuk33, K. K eplin11,M.K eps
48, G. K ocke 11,P.K oko ny
34, F. K use9, M. Kucha czyk20,26,38,k,
V. Kud ya se 34, K. Ku ek28, T. K a a skheliya31,38,V.N.LaThi
39, D. Laca e e38,G.La e y
54,A.Lai
15, D. Lambe 50,
R. W. Lambe 42, E. Lancio i38, G. Lan anchi18, C. Langenb uch38, T. La ham48, C. Lazze oni45,R.LeGac
6,
J. an Lee dam41, J.-P. Lees4,R.Le è e
5, A. Le la 32, J. Le ançois7,S.Leo
23,O.Le oy
6,T.Lesiak
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Y. Li 3, M. Liles52, R. Lindne 38,C.Linn
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N. Lopez-Ma ch39, P. Lowdon40,H.Lu
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I. V. Machikhiliyan31, F. Maciuc29,O.Mae
30,38, S. Malde55, G. Manca15,e, G. Mancinelli6, M. Manzali16, , J. Ma a as5,
U. Ma coni14,P.Ma ino
23, , R. Mä ki39, J. Ma ks11, G. Ma ello i25, A. Ma ens8, A. Ma ín Sánchez7, M. Ma inelli41,
D. Ma inez San os42, F. Ma inez Vidal63, D. Ma ins Tos es2, A. Massa e i1,R.Ma e
38, Z. Ma he38, C. Ma euzzi20,
A. Mazu o 16,38, , M. McCann53, J. McCa hy45, A. McNab54, R. McNul y12, B. McSkelly52, B. Meadows55,57,F.Meie
9,
M. Meissne 11,M.Me k
41, D. A. Milanes8, M.-N. Mina d4, J. Molina Rod iguez60, S. Mon eil5, D. Mo an54, M. Mo andin22,
P. Mo awski26, A. Mo dà6,M.J.Mo ello
23, , R. Moun ain59, F. Muheim50, K. Mülle 40, R. Mu esan29,B.Mu yn
27,
B. Mus e 39,P.Naik
46, T. Nakada39, R. Nandakuma 49, I. Nas e a1, M. Needham50,N.Ne i
21, S. Neube 38, N. Neu eld38,
A. D. Nguyen39, T. D. Nguyen39, C. Nguyen-Mau39,q, M. Nicol7,V.Niess
5,R.Nie
9, N. Niki in32, T. Nikodem11,
A. No oselo 35, A. Oblakowska-Mucha27, V. Ob az so 35, S. Ogge o41, S. Ogil y51, O. Okh imenko44, R. Oldeman15,e,
G. Onde wa e 64, M. O landea29, J. M. O alo a Goicochea2,P.Owen
53, A. Oyangu en36,B.K.Pal
59, A. Palano13,c,
F. Palombo21,u, M. Palu an18, J. Panman38, A. Papanes is38,49, M. Pappagallo51, L. Pappala do16,C.Pa kes
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G. Passale a17,G.D.Pa el
52, M. Pa el53, C. Pa ignani19,j, C. Pa el-Nico escu29, A. Pazos Al a ez37, A. Pea ce54,
A. Pelleg ino41, G. Penso25,m, M. Pepe Al a elli38, S. Pe azzini14,d, E. Pe ez T igo37, P. Pe e 5, M. Pe in-Te in6,
L. Pesca o e45, E. Pesen65, G. Pessina20, K. Pe idis53, A. Pe olini19,j, E. Pica os e Olloqui36, B. Pie zyk4, T. Pilaˇ 48,
D. Pinci25, A. Pis one19, S. Play e 50, M. Plo Casasus37, F. Polci8, G. Polok26, A. Poluek o 34,48, E. Polyca po2, A. Popo 35,
D. Popo 10, B. Popo ici29,C.Po e a
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I. Raniuk43, N. Rauschmay 38,G.Ra en
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E. Rod igues54, P. Rod iguez Pe ez37,S.Roise
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T. Ru 38, F. Ru ini23,H.Ruiz
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A. Sa i18, C. Sa iano25,n,A.Sa a
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M. Schmelling10, B. Schmid 38, O. Schneide 39, A. Schoppe 38, M.-H. Schune7, R. Schwemme 38, B. Sciascia18,
A. Sciubba25, M. Seco37, A. Semenniko 31, K. Sende owska27, I. Sepp53, N. Se a40, J. Se ano6, P. Sey e 11, M. Shapkin35,
I. Shapo al16,43, , Y. Shcheglo 30, T. Shea s52, L. Shekh man34, O. She chenko43, V. She chenko62,A.Shi es
9,R.Sil a
Cou inho48,G.Simi
22, M. Si endi47, N. Skidmo e46, T. Skwa nicki59,N.A.Smi h
52, E. Smi h49,55,E.Smi h
53, J. Smi h47,
123