THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
IN THE NORTH GREAT PLAIN REGION
Paku á , M1. – B. Szabó2
Uni e si y o Deb ecen, Cen e o Ag icul u al Sciences, Facul y o Ag icul u al Economics and
Ru al De elopmen
1 Associa e P o esso , Depa men o Managemen and Labou Sciences, 52/508-361,
[email p o ec ed]
2 Associa e Lec u e , Depa men o Fa m Business Managemen and Ma ke ing, 52/526-922,
[email p o ec ed]
4032 Deb ecen, Böszö ményi S . 138.
Keywo ds: in en o y, No he G ea Plain Region
Summa y
We unde ook a p ojec wi hin he ame o Regional Ope a ional P og am which is called In es iga ions on
En e p ises and on Ope a i e Managemen in he Region o No he n G ea Plain. The second subp og am o his
p ojec is In es iga ions on Ope a i e Managemen , wi hin his we deal wi h in en o y managemen as hi d pa ial
p og am. We ca ied ou a su ey among ag icul u al en e p ises in he No he n G ea Plain Region aiming a
e ealing he in en o y managemen o hese en e p ises. Acco ding o ou esul s, in en o y managemen is a he
a heo e ical issue as i u ned ou ha ag icul u al en e p ises a e ha dly awa e o me hods, cos s, special
indica o s ela ing o in en o y managemen . Educa ion, ex ension se ice, esea ch esul s can help a me s and
en ep eneu s in ge ing acquain ed wi h he up- o-da e knowledge on in en o y managemen .
INTRODUCTION
Whe e ma e ial lows b eak in space o ime, s ock de elops. In en o y wi h i s
es ablishmen s, ins alla ion and equipmen se es o sa e he consis ence o s ock and o
ha monize ma e ial lows. T adi ionally, companies main ained gene ous in en o y le els o
mee long- e m cus ome demand because he e we e ewe compe i o s and p oduc s in a
gene ally shel e ed ma ke en i onmen . In he cu en in e na ional business en i onmen ,
wi h mo e compe i o s and highly di e se ma ke s in which new p oduc s a e apidly and
con inually in oduced. Thus he le el o in en o y has inc eased. In p oduc ion i ms besides
inal p oduc s, he e a e s ock o ma e ials and equipmen which se e p oduc ion. The high
cos o in en o y has mo i a ed manage s o make he supply chain e icien , due o he non-
ha monized anspo a ions and much ailu e highe in en o y le el is necessa y [1].
In his s udy we aim a in es iga ing he cha ac e is ics o in en o y managemen in he
No he n G ea Plain Region in Hunga y ocusing on in en o y cos s, o de ing ime and
o de ing quan i y.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
Wi hin he subp og am, we made a su ey among ag icul u al en e p ises in he
No he n G ea Plain on he majo ea u es o hei in en o y managemen , and p ac ical
ealiza ion. Al oge he 148 en e p ises go in o he in es iga ion. The ques ionnai e con ained
h ee main issues. In he i s issue, we asked in o ma ion on hei in en o y egis a ion, hen
in he second issue we inqui ed abou hei in en o y cos s, he o de ing equency, and he
o de ed quan i y, and in he hi d issue we we e in e es ed in hei s o ing me hods. The
su ey was done in he au umn o 2006 and du ing he sp ing o 2007 by pe sonally. The
esul s we e p ocessed and analyzed by Excel o Windows.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In en o y managemen is he en e p ise ac i i y which aims a ensu ing he smoo hness
o ma e ial lows ega ding he equi emen s o e iciency [2]. Usually, i is essen ial o
educe he le el o in en o y and o ca y ou a mo e e ec i e and liquid p oduc ion, as he
cos s o in en o y a e high. Though he en ep eneu s should conside he equi emen s o he
consume s, oo, as hey expec ha p oduce s should ha e big and immedia ely a ailable
in en o y s ock. Wi h espec o cos s o in en o y, 74% o he asked en e p ises do no
egis e he cos s ela ing o in en o y. The o he s ied o es ima e he a io o his cos om
he whole cos o he p oduc ion. I akes up abou 20 o 25% om he o al cos .
They we e asked abou unce ain y ac o s in in en o y managemen and o gi e a sco e
o hese ac o s om 1 o 5. Figu e 1. shows he a e age o hei answe s.
0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5
Quali y p oblem
Changes in
anspo a ion
P oduc ion diso de s
Incalculable
consume demands
Bad o ecas
Sco e
Figu e 1. Unce ain y Fac o s in In en o y Managemen
As Figu e 1. e lec s, he mos ele an unce ain y ac o is he p oblem in he quali y,
ollowed by changes in anspo a ion ime and p oduc ion dis u bances.
The majo i y o he en e p ises e ills he in en o y on hei own and ha dly asks o he
help o anspo e s. I is c ucial issue ha how he p oduc s ge o he consume s. 55% o
hem ul ill indi idual demands, 30% c ea e p oduc s on he basis o a p epa ed plan o he
consume s.
The wo main ques ions o in en o y managemen a e „When o o de ?” and „How
much o o de ?”. We examined bo h ques ions a he in es iga ed en e p ises. Fi s , we
inqui ed abou he ac o s ha in luence he o de ing ime o in en o y (Figu e 2.). As i
shows, he en e p ises usually se he ime o o de ing in ha mony wi h eaching a ce ain,
minimal s ock le el.
Reaching a
ce ain s ock
le el
61%
P ice discoun
22%
Reaching a
ce ain ime
17%
Figu e 2. Fac o s In luencing O de ing Time
Then we asked abou he ac o s in luencing he o de ing quan i y. The e a e wo main
ac o s ha de e mine he s ock quan i y, such as a ixed s ock quan i y de e mined in ad ance
and a a ying quan i y necessa y o eaching a ce ain, maximal s ock le el (Figu e 3.). P ice
discoun is no a signi ican ac o in his case.
Va ying quan i y
38%
P ice discoun
23%
Fixed quan i y
39%
Figu e 3. Fac o s In luencing S ock Quan i y
I happens ha a g ea e quan i y is o de ed han he usual. The easons we e sco ed om 1 o
5 in Figu e 4.
Discoun ed p ices
Quan i y p ice
discoun s
Sell-ou
High cos o
o de ing o en
0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0
Sco e
Figu e 4. Reasons o O de ing Bigge Quan i y
In gene al, he en e p ises con ol he in en o y con inuously by ba -codes and Radio
F equ
o a ion speed o in en o y ha is
how m
CONCL SIONS
cco ding o ou esul s, in en o y managemen is a he a heo e ical issue as i u ned ou
REFERENCES
[1] PAKURÁR, M. – BAINÉ SZABÓ, B. – BERECZK , D.– LAKATOS, Z.: In en o y Sys em o En e p ises.
ency Iden i ica ion. Some imes hey con ol i only a se e al imes. Howe e , none o
he asked en u es uses he ABC classi ica ion me hod.
Un o una ely, e y ew en e p ises de e mine he
any imes he in en o y eco e s om he e enue. Though i is an essen ial e iciency
indica o in in en o y managemen , he en ep eneu s a e no awa e o his.
U
A
ha ag icul u al en e p ises a e ha dly awa e o me hods, cos s, special indica o s ela ing o
in en o y managemen . They ha dly use any compu e p og am o e alua ing o egis e ing
he in en o y, and a e no amilia wi h he ABC classi ica ion a all. They egis e he s ock
a a e age pu chase p ice and mainly bo h in quan i y and alue a he place o he
p oduc ion. The en u es end o de e mine he s ock a a ce ain momen . The quali y
p oblem is he ac o which is he mos signi ican unce ain y condi ion in in en o y
managemen . The o de ing ime is di e en ; i happens i he s ock le el eaches a de e mined
minimal s ock le el. The o de ing quan i y is ei he ixed o a ying. Due o he economy o
scale, en ep eneu s end o o de la ge quan i y han he usual i he e is a p ice discoun o
bigge quan i y. Educa ion, ex ension se ice, esea ch esul s can help a me s and
en ep eneu s in ge ing acquain ed wi h he up- o-da e knowledge on in en o y managemen .
I
Wi hin he Eu opean Union. III. Nemze közi Kon e encia. Mosonmagya ó á , 2006. CD
[2] CHIKÁN A.: Vállala gazdaság an, AULA kiadó, Budapes , 2003.