The main characteristics of inventory management in the North Great Plain Region

THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF INVENTORY MANAGEMENT IN THE NORTH GREAT PLAIN REGION Paku á , M1. – B. Szabó2 Uni e si y o Deb ecen, Cen e o Ag icul u al Sciences, Facul y o Ag icul u al Economics and Ru al De elopmen 1 Associa e P o esso , Depa men o Managemen and Labou Sciences, 52/508-361, [email p o ec ed] 2 Associa e Lec u e , Depa men o Fa m Business Managemen and Ma ke ing, 52/526-922, [email p o ec ed] 4032 Deb ecen, Böszö ményi S . 138. Keywo ds: in en o y, No he G ea Plain Region Summa y We unde ook a p ojec wi hin he ame o Regional Ope a ional P og am which is called In es iga ions on En e p ises and on Ope a i e Managemen in he Region o No he n G ea Plain. The second subp og am o his p ojec is In es iga ions on Ope a i e Managemen , wi hin his we deal wi h in en o y managemen as hi d pa ial p og am. We ca ied ou a su ey among ag icul u al en e p ises in he No he n G ea Plain Region aiming a e ealing he in en o y managemen o hese en e p ises. Acco ding o ou esul s, in en o y managemen is a he a heo e ical issue as i u ned ou ha ag icul u al en e p ises a e ha dly awa e o me hods, cos s, special indica o s ela ing o in en o y managemen . Educa ion, ex ension se ice, esea ch esul s can help a me s and en ep eneu s in ge ing acquain ed wi h he up- o-da e knowledge on in en o y managemen . INTRODUCTION Whe e ma e ial lows b eak in space o ime, s ock de elops. In en o y wi h i s es ablishmen s, ins alla ion and equipmen se es o sa e he consis ence o s ock and o ha monize ma e ial lows. T adi ionally, companies main ained gene ous in en o y le els o mee long- e m cus ome demand because he e we e ewe compe i o s and p oduc s in a gene ally shel e ed ma ke en i onmen . In he cu en in e na ional business en i onmen , wi h mo e compe i o s and highly di e se ma ke s in which new p oduc s a e apidly and con inually in oduced. Thus he le el o in en o y has inc eased. In p oduc ion i ms besides inal p oduc s, he e a e s ock o ma e ials and equipmen which se e p oduc ion. The high cos o in en o y has mo i a ed manage s o make he supply chain e icien , due o he non- ha monized anspo a ions and much ailu e highe in en o y le el is necessa y [1]. In his s udy we aim a in es iga ing he cha ac e is ics o in en o y managemen in he No he n G ea Plain Region in Hunga y ocusing on in en o y cos s, o de ing ime and o de ing quan i y. MATERIAL AND METHOD Wi hin he subp og am, we made a su ey among ag icul u al en e p ises in he No he n G ea Plain on he majo ea u es o hei in en o y managemen , and p ac ical ealiza ion. Al oge he 148 en e p ises go in o he in es iga ion. The ques ionnai e con ained h ee main issues. In he i s issue, we asked in o ma ion on hei in en o y egis a ion, hen in he second issue we inqui ed abou hei in en o y cos s, he o de ing equency, and he o de ed quan i y, and in he hi d issue we we e in e es ed in hei s o ing me hods. The su ey was done in he au umn o 2006 and du ing he sp ing o 2007 by pe sonally. The esul s we e p ocessed and analyzed by Excel o Windows. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In en o y managemen is he en e p ise ac i i y which aims a ensu ing he smoo hness o ma e ial lows ega ding he equi emen s o e iciency [2]. Usually, i is essen ial o educe he le el o in en o y and o ca y ou a mo e e ec i e and liquid p oduc ion, as he cos s o in en o y a e high. Though he en ep eneu s should conside he equi emen s o he consume s, oo, as hey expec ha p oduce s should ha e big and immedia ely a ailable in en o y s ock. Wi h espec o cos s o in en o y, 74% o he asked en e p ises do no egis e he cos s ela ing o in en o y. The o he s ied o es ima e he a io o his cos om he whole cos o he p oduc ion. I akes up abou 20 o 25% om he o al cos . They we e asked abou unce ain y ac o s in in en o y managemen and o gi e a sco e o hese ac o s om 1 o 5. Figu e 1. shows he a e age o hei answe s. 0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 4,5 Quali y p oblem Changes in anspo a ion P oduc ion diso de s Incalculable consume demands Bad o ecas Sco e Figu e 1. Unce ain y Fac o s in In en o y Managemen As Figu e 1. e lec s, he mos ele an unce ain y ac o is he p oblem in he quali y, ollowed by changes in anspo a ion ime and p oduc ion dis u bances. The majo i y o he en e p ises e ills he in en o y on hei own and ha dly asks o he help o anspo e s. I is c ucial issue ha how he p oduc s ge o he consume s. 55% o hem ul ill indi idual demands, 30% c ea e p oduc s on he basis o a p epa ed plan o he consume s. The wo main ques ions o in en o y managemen a e „When o o de ?” and „How much o o de ?”. We examined bo h ques ions a he in es iga ed en e p ises. Fi s , we inqui ed abou he ac o s ha in luence he o de ing ime o in en o y (Figu e 2.). As i shows, he en e p ises usually se he ime o o de ing in ha mony wi h eaching a ce ain, minimal s ock le el. Reaching a ce ain s ock le el 61% P ice discoun 22% Reaching a ce ain ime 17% Figu e 2. Fac o s In luencing O de ing Time Then we asked abou he ac o s in luencing he o de ing quan i y. The e a e wo main ac o s ha de e mine he s ock quan i y, such as a ixed s ock quan i y de e mined in ad ance and a a ying quan i y necessa y o eaching a ce ain, maximal s ock le el (Figu e 3.). P ice discoun is no a signi ican ac o in his case. Va ying quan i y 38% P ice discoun 23% Fixed quan i y 39% Figu e 3. Fac o s In luencing S ock Quan i y I happens ha a g ea e quan i y is o de ed han he usual. The easons we e sco ed om 1 o 5 in Figu e 4. Discoun ed p ices Quan i y p ice discoun s Sell-ou High cos o o de ing o en 0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 Sco e Figu e 4. Reasons o O de ing Bigge Quan i y In gene al, he en e p ises con ol he in en o y con inuously by ba -codes and Radio F equ o a ion speed o in en o y ha is how m CONCL SIONS cco ding o ou esul s, in en o y managemen is a he a heo e ical issue as i u ned ou REFERENCES [1] PAKURÁR, M. – BAINÉ SZABÓ, B. – BERECZK , D.– LAKATOS, Z.: In en o y Sys em o En e p ises. ency Iden i ica ion. Some imes hey con ol i only a se e al imes. Howe e , none o he asked en u es uses he ABC classi ica ion me hod. Un o una ely, e y ew en e p ises de e mine he any imes he in en o y eco e s om he e enue. Though i is an essen ial e iciency indica o in in en o y managemen , he en ep eneu s a e no awa e o his. U A ha ag icul u al en e p ises a e ha dly awa e o me hods, cos s, special indica o s ela ing o in en o y managemen . They ha dly use any compu e p og am o e alua ing o egis e ing he in en o y, and a e no amilia wi h he ABC classi ica ion a all. They egis e he s ock a a e age pu chase p ice and mainly bo h in quan i y and alue a he place o he p oduc ion. The en u es end o de e mine he s ock a a ce ain momen . The quali y p oblem is he ac o which is he mos signi ican unce ain y condi ion in in en o y managemen . The o de ing ime is di e en ; i happens i he s ock le el eaches a de e mined minimal s ock le el. The o de ing quan i y is ei he ixed o a ying. Due o he economy o scale, en ep eneu s end o o de la ge quan i y han he usual i he e is a p ice discoun o bigge quan i y. Educa ion, ex ension se ice, esea ch esul s can help a me s and en ep eneu s in ge ing acquain ed wi h he up- o-da e knowledge on in en o y managemen . I Wi hin he Eu opean Union. III. Nemze közi Kon e encia. Mosonmagya ó á , 2006. CD [2] CHIKÁN A.: Vállala gazdaság an, AULA kiadó, Budapes , 2003.