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Why Do Public Sec o O ganiza ions Fail In Implemen a ion O
S a egic Plan In Pakis an?
Abdulwahid Sial (CMA & MSBA)
[email protected]
Ins i u e o cos and managemen Accoun an s o Pakis an (Islamabad)
Muhammad Khawa Usman (MSBA)
Khawa [email protected]
Na ional Uni e si y o Mode n languages, Islamabad
Seha Zu iqa
seha zul iqa @gmail.com
Na ional Uni e si y o Mode n Languages Islamabad
A shad Mehmod Sa i (MSBA)
a shadsa i@ho mail.com
Na ional Uni e si y o Mode n languages, Islamabad
I ekha Khu sheed (MSBA)
i eda @yahoo.com
Na ional Uni e si y o Mode n languages, Islamabad
Abs ac
Public sec o o ganiza ions ha e bes s a egic policies bu esul s o all o ganiza ion a e no ewa ding in acco dance
o long e m objec i es. Implemen a ion o he s a egic plan is mo e impo an han o mula ion; o he wise i is
no hing excep well documen ed pieces o pape in he o ganiza ion. The pu pose o s udy is o explo e and con i m
he e ec i e ac o s o ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in public sec o o ganiza ions in Pakis an. The
s udy has been conduc ed on pu ely public sec o o ganiza ions o he Twin Ci y (Islamabad and Rawalpindi). Fo
his s udy close ended Ques ionnai e a e dis ibu ed among sample o ganiza ions. A e he e iew o li e a u e and
expe s opinion he s udy iden i ied 16 ac o s o ailu e. Then by using he explo a i e and con i ma i e ac o
analysis hese dimensions ha e been ca ego ized in o main ou ac o s. The esul s hese ou ac o s a e con ex ual
dimensions (0.89), con en dimensions (0.62), s uc u al dimensions (0.730) and ope a ional dimensions (0.95).
Key Wo ds: S a egy, S a egy Implemen a ion, Failu e o S a egy Implemen a ion, Public Sec o O ganiza ion and
Fac o Analysis.
In oduc ion
• Backg ound
S a egic Managemen is combina ion o he se o decisions and ac ions which a e iewed in he o m o s a egy
o mula ion, implemen a ion and con ol o plans designed o achie e a co po a ion’s ision, mission and long e m
pe o mance o he o ganiza ion. S a egy is mos impo an concep in managemen con ex . S a egy was
in oduced in i s ime by chandle e al. (1975) in second hal o wen ie h cen u y in he managemen sciences
cou se ou line. In ea lie days, a e he s udy o chandle e al. all he esea che s ocused he success ul s a egy
o mula ion. Howe e , in he ecen yea s’ s udies, a en ion has shi ed owa d he success ul s a egic plan
implemen a ion. The bes S a egy o mula ion is an e o like a well-documen ed piece o pape only bu s a egy
implemen a ion is key o be e o ganiza ional pe o mance and e ec i eness, i is mo e impo an han o mula ion
(joos e and Fou ie, 2009). S a egy implemen a ion is becoming mo e di icul a he han s a egy o mula ion and
op managemen is equi ed o keep in mind h ee le els o s a egic planning p ocess con ex o he o ganiza ion,
con en o s a egy and p ocedu e o implemen a ion (Lau 1999). Failu e o s a egic plan implemen a ion consis s o
six een ac o s which ha e been discussed in (kalali e al, 2011). S udy which is conduc ed in I anian heal h sec o ,
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explo ed he ac o s which cause he ailu e o s a egy plan implemen a ion in public heal h sec o s. Leade ship ole
is impo an in o mula ion and s a egic plan implemen a ion and i he s a egic leade is no in ol ed in s a egy
implemen a ion, leade ship is no able o c ea e a i id ision o any s a egic p og am (Mape e e, 2012). The e is
clea ly epo ed in he whi e pape o s a egy implemen a ion o Chinese co po a ion in 2006 ha s a egy
implemen a ion has become e y high le el challenges o he managemen o all kinds o o ganiza ions. The su ey
also desc ibed ha ou o 100% su eyed o ganiza ions 83% o ganiza ions ail in implemen a ion o hei s a egy
smoo hly and only 17% o ganiza ions we e success ul in implemen a ion. I canno be ejec ed ha he s a egic
decision is mos impo an o he o ganiza ional su i al and g ow h. No doub in Pakis an public sec o
o ganiza ions ha e bes s a egic policies bu all policies do no ha e app op ia e and ui ul esul s. Insu icien
endea o o he managemen and ineligible managemen a e he g ea es challenges o he policy and decisions
make s in public sec o o ganiza ion in Pakis an, while hey implemen he s a egic decisions due o sho comings
almos s a egic decisions ail du ing he implemen a ion p ocess. Li e a u e shows ha many esea che s ha e been
conduc ed o ind he ac o s which in ol e in success o ailu e o he s a egic plan in many coun ies. In Pakis an
au ho s’ s udies show ha he no esea ch has been ye conduc ed o iden i y hose ac o s which cause he ailu e o
he policies in Pakis an. This negligence shows how we a e since e wi h ou public sec o o he p og ess o
o ganiza ions and g ow h o he economy. Hence, i is impo an issue o he cu en s udy o iden i y he main
easons o ailu e o s a egic plan implemen a ion.
1.2 Objec i es o he S udy
This s udy se s ollowing impo an objec i es:
• To explo e he ac o s which cause he ailu e o implemen a ion o he s a egic plan om p e ious
li e a u e and expe s’ opinions.
• To con i m hese explo a i e ac o s which cause he ailu e o implemen a ion o he s a egic plan in
public sec o o ganiza ions in Pakis an.
• Resea ch Ques ions
The mos impo an ques ions o he esea ch a e:
• Wha a e he mos impo an ac o s behind he ailu e o he s a egic plans implemen a ion in
public sec o s o ganiza ions in Pakis an?
• Wha is he mos impo an a e o he desc ibed ac o s in ailu e o s a egic plans implemen a ion
among he public sec o o ganiza ions in Pakis an?
1.3S a emen o he P oblem
Implemen a ion o he s a egic plan is mo e impo an han o mula ion; o he wise i is no hing excep well
documen ed pieces o pape in an o ganiza ion (joos e and Fou ie, 2009).In Pakis an public sec o o ganiza ions
pe o mance has been declining since las many yea s, while he public sec o o ganiza ions has he bes s a egic
policies. Keeping in iew ha ha ing he bes policies, public sec o o ganiza ions ail in implemen a ion o hese
s a egic plans, due o ailu e o plans pe o mance o he public sec o o ganiza ion is declining day by day. This
s udy will explo e and con i m he ac o s which cause he ailu e o he s a egic plans in Pakis an.
• Signi icance o he S udy
The s udy has academic impo ance as well as has impo ance in s a egic policy making and s a egic plan
implemen a ion; he e a e no s udies abou he ac o s which cause he ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in
Pakis an. This s udy akes in o accoun he academic esea ch as well as p ac ical li e si ua ions o sugges he
easons and causes which in luence he success ul implemen a ion o he s a egic plan in public sec o o ganiza ion
in Pakis an.
• Scope o he S udy
The s udy se s he h ee majo de e mined objec i es o con ibu e in academic li e a u e o public policy and
business managemen as well as adds he impo an ac ics o success ul s a egic plan implemen a ion in p ac ical
li e o he public sec o o ganiza ions in Pakis an. The s udy encompasses majo ac o s which cause he ailu e o
s a egic plan implemen a ion in shape o con ex ual, con en , ope a ional and s uc u al dimensions.
• S udy Plan
The s udy is compiled in he main i e chap e s; he i s chap e consis s o backg ound, p oblem s a emen ,
objec i es, esea ch ques ions and a ea o he esea ch while he nex chap e consis s o e iew o li e a u e
p e iously done by a ious au ho s abou his s udy and expe s opinion abou he implemen a ion. I encoun e s he
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obse a ions o ele an s udies ound in li e a u e his o y. In he hi d chap e Me hodology and sou ces o da a a e
gi en which s a e he con en s o s udy like popula ion, sample and analysis ools o be used. The las wo chap e s
a e composed o all discussion and da a analysis ega ding he s a is ical indings o he s udy and also conclusion o
he esul .
Li e a u e Re iew
2.1 S a egy
Hiksen e al. (1986) de ines he s a egy as he decisions which a e ela ed o he long e m pe o mance and p og ess
o he o ganiza ion. S a egyis a combina ion o he se o decisions and ac ions which a e iewed in he o m o
s a egy o mula ion, implemen a ion and con ol o plans designed o achie e a co po a ion’s ision, mission and
long e m pe o mance o he o ganiza ion. S a egy is de e mina ion o he basic long e m goals, objec s and
pe o mance o he o ganiza ion and aking ac ions, decisions and alloca ion o he esou ces essen ial o o ca y
ou goals o he o ganiza ions (chandle e al., 1975)
2.2 S a egy Implemen a ion
The e is a la ge pool o li e a u e abou he s a egic planning, om o mula ion o implemen a ion and assessmen
and con ol. Mille e al (2007) s a es ha s a egic decisions’ scope is e y wide; hese a e he combina ion o he
in oducing new p oduc s and se ices, huge ad e isemen , me ge and accusa ion and change in s uc u e o
o ganiza ions. S a egy o mula ion is i s s ai in s a egic planning in business. Howe e , s a egic planning
p ocedu e does no come o inish he e and i goes on o o he wo s eps namely s a egy implemen a ion and
assessmen & con ol. S a egy implemen a ion is combina ion o necessa y ac ions and s eps o implemen s a egic
plan in o ganiza ion. The bes S a egy o mula ion is an e o like a well documen a ion only bu s a egy
implemen a ion is key o be e o ganiza ional pe o mance, i is mo e impo an han o mula ion (joos e and Fou ie
2009).In ea lie days a e he s udy o (chandle e al. 1975) all he esea ches ocused he success ul s a egy
o mula ion, howe e , in he ecen yea s’ s udies, a en ion has been shi ed owa d he success ul s a egic plan
implemen a ion.
2.3 Failu e o S a egy Implemen a ion
S a egy implemen a ion is mo e impo an o he o ganiza ion han he s a egy o mula ion, because i he s a egic
plan is no success ully implemen ed by he s a and managemen , i s cos and damages g ow mo e han he ailu e
o s a egy o mula ion. I is necessa y o he managemen and s a o use he app op ia e and au hen ic models and
amewo k o he implemen a ion o he s a egic plan in an o ganiza ion. The main eason o ailu e o he s a egic
plan implemen a ion is lack o app op ia e models and amewo ks o guide he managemen and s a which a e
in ol ed in implemen a ion o he s a egic plan in well-known o ganiza ions (Alexande , 1991). Feu e e al. (1995)
iden i ied he o he signi ican ac o s o he ailu es o he s a egic plan a e he lack o communica ion among he
s a egy make s and s a and managemen o he o ganiza ion. They conduc ed he s udy a Hewle -Packa d in
which op managemen used he e icien ask o ce o he o mula ion o he s a egy and hen implemen a ion was
done by he in e io business managemen eam which sol ed many p oblems in implemen a ion o he plan in
app op ia e way. Kalali e al (2011) explo ed and con i med he main ac o s which a e bases and causes o ailu e o
he I anian heal h sec o in I an. They ha e iden i ied and con i med ou ac o s which in ol ed in ailu e o he
s a egic plan in I anian heal h sec o a e con ex , con en , s uc u e as well as ope a ional amewo k o he
o ganiza ion.
Kaplan and No on (1996) also ecommended he o he ou key ac o s which assu e he success o implemen a ion
o he s a egic plan. They collec ed da a o 6 companies, cla i ied and ansla ed s a egy acco ding o he s uc u e
o he o ganiza ion, links and ela ionship wi h he execu i e eam, planning and goal se ing and s a egic eedback
and lea ning. Mille (1997) iden i ied he mo e ac o s a he han hese commonly used in almos s udies and
ca ego ized hese ac o s in o wo g oups acco ding hei e ec s as achie e and enable as well as backing,
speci ici y, cul u al ecep i i y, auspicious amilia i y, a ailabili y o esou ces, and s uc u al p io i y.
Joos e and Fou ie (2009) wo ked on he s a egic plan implemen a ion in A ican cul u e and also e alua ed he
ac o s and easons o he ailu e in A ican coun ies. They a gued ha he e a e many o ganiza ions which ha e
igo ous s a egies bu due o lack o commi men s o he policy make s and lack o s a egic leade ship, hese
igo ous s a egies do no gene a e he ui ul esul s. The main easons behind he ailu e o he s a egy a e lack o
in e es , commi men and e icien leade ship o implemen a ion. Mape e e .al (2012) s a ed ha he easons which
cause he ailu e o he s a egic plan and despi e he bes s a egies, hey could no b ing o h ui ul esul s in
Zimbabwe i was only on accoun o nega i e leade ship beha io which shows he s a egy execu i e people we e
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no liable, hey we e less commi ed o s a egy. Lack o c ea i e s a egic ision in he o ganiza ion hey could no
mo i a e and boo up mo als o he s a o ob ain he de e mined objec i es, besides, communica ion among he
middle le el managemen and high le el managemen in o ganiza ion emained e y low. Owing o lack o
communica ion, he op le el managemen could no he con ey hei app op ia e messages o low le el managemen
and he las mos impo an eason o he ailu e is lack o he leade ship skills in leade s which engende ed many
ambigui ies among he wo king s a and leade s who could no unde s and he si ua ions o he o ganiza ion.
Mackenzie e al (2001) also ocused he leade ship s yle o an o ganiza ion by which one can ob ain he desi ed goals
and objec i es o he company h ough c ea ing he ision o he o ganiza ion acco ding o he se up o he i m,
aligning he s a o he achie emen o he goals o he i m a he han he pe sonal goals, p o iding he assis an o
he in ellec ual indi iduals in complica ed hings and cla i ying expec a ions o he o ganiza ion om he eam and
hei pe o mance o he o ganiza ion.
Aal onen and Ika alko (2002) also explo ed he h ee main ac o s which cause he success o he s a egy
implemen a ion a e p ope and signi ican communica ion among he execu o and op managemen , s a egic ac ing,
iden i ying, suppo ing and assis ing he majo key playe o he s a egy implemen a ion and also es ablish he
ela ionship be ween he sys em and s uc u e o he o ganiza ion wi h he con en and con ex o he s a egy. B enes
e al (2007) iden i ied he majo key ac o s which in luenced he success o he s a egy implemen a ion in
o ganiza ion; he iden i ied he execu ion p ocess in o ganiza ion, s a egy o mula ion p ocedu e om in e nal
scanning o ex e nal scanning o he o ganiza ion, s a egy con ol p ocess and mo i a ion o he op le el
managemen and s a egic leade o achie e objec i es o he o ganiza ion, and co po a e go e nance issues in and
o ganiza ion.
A e analyzing all he p e ious li e a u e o s udies, he esea ch has ag eed on he main six een ac o s which a e
used epea edly and equen ly in almos all esea ches and also aken by kalali e al (2011) which is conduc ed in
I anian heal h sec o . All he ac o s which a e aken by he esea che s a e shown in he ollowing able o he s udy
o kalali e al (2011).
Figu e 3.1 Fac o De ail
1.Con en dimension
Con en dimensions include he ing edien s in ol ed in s a egy o mula ion
2.Con ex ual dimensions Con ex ual dimensions include he in e nal and ex e nal en i onmen al o he
s a egy implemen a ion in public sec o o ganiza ions.
3.Ope a ional dimensions Ope a ional dimensions e e o he p oblems which happen in he ope a ional
le el du ing he
s a egy implemen a ion.
4.S uc u al dimensions S uc u al dimensions poin ou he o ganiza ional s uc u e and powe and
esponsibili ies dis ibu ions
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Figu e 3.2 De ail o he ac o s dimensions which cause he ailu e o he plan in public sec o o Pakis an.
1 Resou ce limi a ion Budge , echnology, ools and human esou ces a e inadequa e o
s a egic decision implemen a ion in Pakis an.
2 Backg ound I is cul u e o public sec o o ganiza ion o always ail in
implemen a ion.
3 Lack o in eg a ion ( Poo
communica ion)
All Mos depa men s o he public sec o o ganiza ion a e no
in eg a ed o each o he .
4 Con lic ing goals and p io i ies
Goals and p io i ies a e in luenced by pe sonal in e es .
5 En i onmen al unce ain y Unp edic ed p oblems happen due o change in go e nmen ,
poli ical, social and leade ship.
6 Non
-
con e gence
Coo dina ion o co e playe ac i i ies is poo and ine icien .
7 lack o compe en people The employees who a e in ol ed in he s a egy implemen a ion
a e no compe en and ecommended people.
8 lack o eam managemen
Ins uc ion and in ol emen o eam leade is insu icien .
9 ine ec i e ope a ional a angemen Responsibili ies o people a e no assigned and de ined in p ope
manne .
10 lack o suppo o Top le el Insu icien suppo o Di ec o and head o depa men in
implemen a ion o s a egic plan implemen a ion.
11 Unclea Ta ge o success
The c i e ia o he success o s a egic decision a e no speci ic
and clea .
12 Non-accep o o ganiza ional
Cul u e
Belie s and alues o he employees o o ganiza ion a e
con lic ing wi h implemen ing he conside ed s a egy
13 Di e gen o ganiza ional s uc u e The cu en o ganiza ion s uc u e p e en s om he
implemen a ion o he s a egy.
14 lack o commi men o decision-
make s
Decision make s do no ha e in e es and commi men o
implemen he s a egy
15 Ambiguous s a egy
The decided s a egy is no unde s andable and well
-
de ined
16 Non con e gence o o ganiza ional
a ied aspec s o
conside ed s a egy
The e is no a angemen be ween p ocesses, wo k sys ems and
o he dimensions o he o ganiza ion wi h he o ganiza ional
s a egy
Figu e 4.1
KMO and Ba le 's Tes
Kaise -Meye -Olkin Measu e o Sampling Adequacy.
0.724
Ba le 's Tes o Sphe ici y
App ox. Chi-Squa e
215.55
D
120
Sig.
.000

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Figu e 4.2 De ail o he ac o s dimensions
De ail Con en
dimension
Con ex ual
dimensions
Ope a ional
dimensions
S uc u al
dimensions
1 En i onmen al unce ain y
.659
2 Backg ound
.616
3 Non-accep o o ganiza ional Cul u e
.584
4 Non con e gence o o ganiza ional a ied
aspec s o conside ed s a egy
.573
5 Unclea s a egy
.624
6 Con lic ing goals and p io i ies
.702
7 lack o suppo o Top le el
.608
8 lack o commi men o decision make s
.650
9 Non-assess abili y o implemen ed s a egic
decision
.643
10 Resou ce limi a ion
.502
11 lack o eam managemen
.614
12 Unclea Ta ge o success
.578
13 Lack o in eg a ion ( Poo
communica ion)
.626
14 Disha mony
.614
15 lack o compe en people
.592
16 Di e gen o ganiza ional s uc u e
.568
Va iances
10.73%
13.45%
21.711%
14.576%
Cumula i e Va iances
60.47%
49.74%
36.288%
14.57%
Eigen alue
1.376
2.332
3.474
1.494
Rela ionship con en o Fac o in o e all Failu e
Ope a ional .95
Con ex 0.89
Fac o s (1)
S uc u al .73
Con en .62
5. Resea ch Me hodology and P ocedu e
S udy is conduc ed o i s iden i y he ac o s o he ailu e o he s a egic plans implemen a ion and hen o
con i m hem in public sec o o ganiza ion o he Pakis an.
5.1 Popula ion: S udy co e s he win ci y (Islamabad and Rawalpindi) and su ounding a eas ‘ ede al o ganiza ions
among popula ion. In popula ion all he o ganiza ion a e ully public sec o o ganiza ions ( ully depend on he
ede al go e nmen in e m o inancing and s a egy) and semi go e nmen , public sec o s co po a ions and
au onomous bodies a e no in ol ed.
5.2 Sample: Wapda, Na ional sa ings, Pakis an su ey ins i u e, Pakis an ag icul u e esea ch ins i u e, PARC, FBR,
and CDA a e he samples o he s udy. Abou Two hund eds Ques ionnai es a e dis ibu ed in men ioned
o ganiza ions o he collec ion o he da a. Bu only 150 Ques ione s ha e been collec ed om hese o ganiza ions.
5.3 Ins umen : o he da a collec ion close ended Ques ionnai e a e used which con ain i e op ions as S ongly
Ag ee, Ag ee, Nei he , S ongly disag ee and disag ee. The scales (Ques ionnai e) ha a e used in s udy a e he
posi i e and nega i e a ec scale. Wes on, Cla k and Tellegen (1988) s a ed ha o he ac o analysis i is
compulso y ha he ques ions o he scale mus be in posi i e and nega i e o m. So in he s udy scale has o al 16
ques ions in which he 8 a e posi i e in na u e and 8 a e in nega i e o m.
5.4 Reliabili y: Ques ionnai e is e iewed in e m o he eliabili y and alidi y, c onba ch’s alpha is used in SPSS
e sion 20. The esul o alpha is in he e m o alidi y is 95 % and eliabili y is 73.1% which shows he signi ican
esul o he eliabili y and alidi y.
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5.5 Explo a ion: To conduc he esea ch o he easons o he ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in
public sec o o ganiza ion esea che ini ially ied o explo e he ac o s o ailu e om p e ious esea ches li e a u e
by using he Delphi echniques and hen dimensions a e su ey by explo a o y ac o s analysis.
5.6 Con i ma ion: o he ac o analysis i is ini ially equi ed ha hese numbe o da a a e sui able o he ac o s
analysis, hen esea che pu he Ques ionnai e in SPSS o he KMO measu es and Ba le ’s es . Acco ding o
KMO’s measu emen 0.734 which is g ea e han 0.6 and signi icance le el is .000 which is less han 0.05 shows ha
he da a a e sui able o he ac o analysis.
5.7 Con i ma o y Fac o analysis: The esul om he con i ma o y ac o analysis is ha Roo mean squa e e o
o app oxima ion (RMSEA) is equal o 0.067 which is less han 0.1 and Goodness o i index (GFI) 0.72 and
adjus ed goodness o i index (AGFI) 0.74 which a e be ween he 0 and 1 shows he model i ness is good. Chi-
squa e215.457 and eedom deg ee a e is 120 so he a io is1: 2.09 which is also less han he 3. So i is concluded
ha ou ac o s a e i o he model o ac o analysis.
The ob ain esul om ac o analysis abou he ac o a e as ope a ional dimensions (0.95), con ex dimensions
(0.89), s uc u al dimensions (0.73) and con en dimensions a e (0.620) e ec i e ac o s in ailu e o public sec o .
Ope a ional dimension is a op (0.95) which shows ha ope a ional dimensions include; esou ces limi a ion,
incompe en managemen and s a , poo planning o execu ion and lack o in eg a ion among he depa men a e
he main easons o ailu e, a e ha con ex dimensions, s uc u al and con en dimensions.
Conclusion:
Due o globaliza ion he compe i ion among o ganiza ions has signi ican ly inc eased and ough ime job o he
mange s o main ain he le el o o ganiza ion in ma ke and su i e in compe i ion. Today i is e y di icul o
managemen o make accu a e and igo ous decision and implemen a ion o he plan in success ul manne . A single
mis ake by managemen in s a egy o mula ion and implemen a ion can d op whole he o ganiza ion s a us om
peak poin o shu down si ua ion. The e o e i is necessa y o he manage o in case o public sec o o ganiza ion
head o he depa men , di ec o s and op le el managemen o ake he ac ion in igh ime, wi h adequa e esou ces
and compe en labo o ces. As a men ioned in las chap e o he s udy, he ac o s which a e he easons o he
ailu e o he s a egic plan in public sec o o ganiza ions o Pakis an. Re iewing he p e ious li e a u e and expe
Bau u cu a e opinion esea che has enable o explo e he 16 dimensions as e ec i e ac o s on he ailu e o he
s a egic plan implemen a ion in Pakis an. The esul o he ac o analysis in bo h o ms explo a i e and
con i ma i e classi ied hese dimension in o ou main ac o s con ex ual dimension (0.89), con en dimensions
(0.62), s uc u al dimensions (0.730) and ope a ional Dimensions (0.95).
The esul shows ha he mos impo an eason o he ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in public sec o s
o ganiza ion in Pakis an is ope a ional plan o he implemen a ion. Ope a ional dimensions include; esou ces
limi a ion, incompe en managemen and s a , poo planning o execu ion and lack o in eg a ion among he
depa men a e he main easons o ailu e, a e ha con ex dimensions, s uc u al and con en dimensions.
The e o e paying he mo e a en ions on plan implemen a ion o he public sec o can achie e he desi ed esul in
shape goals, bene i , su plus budge and long e m su i al in ma ke by hi ing he compe en s a acco ding o
equi emen (a oid om idle labo .i.e. PIA has 45000employees o 36 ai planes), hi e he compe en people, P ope
mone ize he plan and inc ease he communica ion among he depa men s equen ly.
Fu u e Resea ches Guideline:
The e a e no only he abo e men ioned ac o s which cause he ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in public
sec o o ganiza ion. Many o he s dimension also ha ing he de imen e ec o ailu e in Public sec o o ganiza ions
a e:
• Imp ope mone iza ion
• Poli ical in luence
• Lack o esponsibili y accep ance
• Idle human esou ces
• Inc emen al budge a he han ac i i y base budge .
Re e ences
Aal onen, P., Ika alko, H. (2002) 'Implemen ing s a egies success ully',In eg a ed Manu ac u ing Sys ems, 13 (6),
pp. 415-418
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ISSN 2224-5731(Pape ) ISSN 2225-0972(Online)
Vol.3, No.1, 2013
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ALEXANDER, L.D. 1991, “S a egy implemen a ion: na u e o he p oblem”, in Hussey, D. (Ed.), In e na ional
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Feu e , R. and. Chaha baghi K., (1995) S a egy de elopmen : pas , p esen & u u e. Managemen Decision, Vol. 33,
No. 6. Chesb ough, H. (2002).
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kalali S, An a i M, Asgha A and Ka imay (2011),Why does s a egic plans implemen a ion ail? A s udy in he
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Kaplan RS, No on DP (1996).The Balanced Sco eca d – T ansla ing S a egy in o Ac ion Ha a d Business
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ANNALS o he Ame ican Academy o Poli ical and Social Science, 578(1), 126-143.
Mille S (1997). Implemen ing S a egic Decisions: Fou key Success Fac o s. O gan. S ud., 18(4): 577-602.
Mille D (2007). Success ul Change leade s: Wha Makes Them? Wha Do They Do Tha Is Di e en ? J. Change
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Resea ch Ques ionnai e
Why do public sec o o ganiza ions ail in Implemen a ion o s a egic plan in Pakis an?
Na ional Uni e si y o Mode n Languages H-9 Islamabad
Name o O ganiza ion______________________________
Designa ion_____________________
E-mail____________________________________
SA =S ongly
Ag ee , A=Ag ee, N=Nei he , SD= S ongly Disag ee , D= Disag ee
Selec only one column
SA
A
N
SD
D
1
Limi ed esou ces cause o implemen o accomplish s a egic plan.
2 You o ganiza ion can’ implemen s a egic plan o he eason ha i is
Public sec o o ganiza ion.
3 S a egic plans ail due o de icien communica ion sys em o you
o ganiza ion.
4 The di e ence o opinion among you and you highe managemen in he
way o objec i e a ec s pe o mance o you o ganiza ion.
5
New p oblems may occu while implemen ing he s a egic plan.
6
The people who execu e he s a egic plan may ag ee o ano he plan oo.
7
The people who a e assigned o execu e he s a egic plan mus ha e
Public Policy and Adminis a ion Resea ch www.iis e.o g
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Vol.3, No.1, 2013
41
educa ion and expe ise.
8 Lack o leade ship o ins uc ions o leade ship cause ailu e o he
s a egic plan implemen a ion.
9 The Execu i e o o ganiza ion may help you in implemen a ion o he
s a egic plan.
10 Be o e implemen a ion o he s a egic plan all ma e ial o impo an
in o ma ion is necessa y o be achie ed.
11 A e ha ing de eloped he s a egic plan opinion o he people mus be
ob ained o i s implemen a ion, ejec ion o accep ance.
12 The s uc u e o an o ganiza ion may become a ba ie in implemen a ion
he s a egic plan.
13 Wha e e he s a egic plan is, i mus be p epa ed in acco dance o
in o ma ion o he objec i es.
14 The s a egic plan mus be p epa ed in acco dance o he sys em o an
o ganiza ion.
15 The manage s mus adop s ic a i ude o implemen he s a egic plan
once de eloped.
16 Be o e implemen a ion hese s a egic plan, du ies and na u e o
assignmen s o he manage s mus clea ly be de ined.
• No e: Pu pose o Ques ionnai e is only o collec he da a o esea ch which is conduc ed in NUML.
• Copy igh o his Ques ionnai e is p ope y o MSBA-1 sec ion (A) NUML which is sa ed in IISTE-
accele a ing Global knowledge sha ing
• I any pe son wan s o use his Ques ionnai e hen con ac wi h Muhammad
Khawa Usman( Negyal Rajpo ) a NUML.