Why Do Public Sector Organizations Fail In Implementation Of Strategic Plan In Pakistan?

Public Policy and Adminis a ion Resea ch www.iis e.o g ISSN 2224-5731(Pape ) ISSN 2225-0972(Online) Vol.3, No.1, 2013 33 Why Do Public Sec o O ganiza ions Fail In Implemen a ion O S a egic Plan In Pakis an? Abdulwahid Sial (CMA & MSBA) [email protected] Ins i u e o cos and managemen Accoun an s o Pakis an (Islamabad) Muhammad Khawa Usman (MSBA) Khawa [email protected] Na ional Uni e si y o Mode n languages, Islamabad Seha Zu iqa seha zul iqa @gmail.com Na ional Uni e si y o Mode n Languages Islamabad A shad Mehmod Sa i (MSBA) a shadsa i@ho mail.com Na ional Uni e si y o Mode n languages, Islamabad I ekha Khu sheed (MSBA) i eda @yahoo.com Na ional Uni e si y o Mode n languages, Islamabad Abs ac Public sec o o ganiza ions ha e bes s a egic policies bu esul s o all o ganiza ion a e no ewa ding in acco dance o long e m objec i es. Implemen a ion o he s a egic plan is mo e impo an han o mula ion; o he wise i is no hing excep well documen ed pieces o pape in he o ganiza ion. The pu pose o s udy is o explo e and con i m he e ec i e ac o s o ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in public sec o o ganiza ions in Pakis an. The s udy has been conduc ed on pu ely public sec o o ganiza ions o he Twin Ci y (Islamabad and Rawalpindi). Fo his s udy close ended Ques ionnai e a e dis ibu ed among sample o ganiza ions. A e he e iew o li e a u e and expe s opinion he s udy iden i ied 16 ac o s o ailu e. Then by using he explo a i e and con i ma i e ac o analysis hese dimensions ha e been ca ego ized in o main ou ac o s. The esul s hese ou ac o s a e con ex ual dimensions (0.89), con en dimensions (0.62), s uc u al dimensions (0.730) and ope a ional dimensions (0.95). Key Wo ds: S a egy, S a egy Implemen a ion, Failu e o S a egy Implemen a ion, Public Sec o O ganiza ion and Fac o Analysis. In oduc ion • Backg ound S a egic Managemen is combina ion o he se o decisions and ac ions which a e iewed in he o m o s a egy o mula ion, implemen a ion and con ol o plans designed o achie e a co po a ion’s ision, mission and long e m pe o mance o he o ganiza ion. S a egy is mos impo an concep in managemen con ex . S a egy was in oduced in i s ime by chandle e al. (1975) in second hal o wen ie h cen u y in he managemen sciences cou se ou line. In ea lie days, a e he s udy o chandle e al. all he esea che s ocused he success ul s a egy o mula ion. Howe e , in he ecen yea s’ s udies, a en ion has shi ed owa d he success ul s a egic plan implemen a ion. The bes S a egy o mula ion is an e o like a well-documen ed piece o pape only bu s a egy implemen a ion is key o be e o ganiza ional pe o mance and e ec i eness, i is mo e impo an han o mula ion (joos e and Fou ie, 2009). S a egy implemen a ion is becoming mo e di icul a he han s a egy o mula ion and op managemen is equi ed o keep in mind h ee le els o s a egic planning p ocess con ex o he o ganiza ion, con en o s a egy and p ocedu e o implemen a ion (Lau 1999). Failu e o s a egic plan implemen a ion consis s o six een ac o s which ha e been discussed in (kalali e al, 2011). S udy which is conduc ed in I anian heal h sec o , Public Policy and Adminis a ion Resea ch www.iis e.o g ISSN 2224-5731(Pape ) ISSN 2225-0972(Online) Vol.3, No.1, 2013 34 explo ed he ac o s which cause he ailu e o s a egy plan implemen a ion in public heal h sec o s. Leade ship ole is impo an in o mula ion and s a egic plan implemen a ion and i he s a egic leade is no in ol ed in s a egy implemen a ion, leade ship is no able o c ea e a i id ision o any s a egic p og am (Mape e e, 2012). The e is clea ly epo ed in he whi e pape o s a egy implemen a ion o Chinese co po a ion in 2006 ha s a egy implemen a ion has become e y high le el challenges o he managemen o all kinds o o ganiza ions. The su ey also desc ibed ha ou o 100% su eyed o ganiza ions 83% o ganiza ions ail in implemen a ion o hei s a egy smoo hly and only 17% o ganiza ions we e success ul in implemen a ion. I canno be ejec ed ha he s a egic decision is mos impo an o he o ganiza ional su i al and g ow h. No doub in Pakis an public sec o o ganiza ions ha e bes s a egic policies bu all policies do no ha e app op ia e and ui ul esul s. Insu icien endea o o he managemen and ineligible managemen a e he g ea es challenges o he policy and decisions make s in public sec o o ganiza ion in Pakis an, while hey implemen he s a egic decisions due o sho comings almos s a egic decisions ail du ing he implemen a ion p ocess. Li e a u e shows ha many esea che s ha e been conduc ed o ind he ac o s which in ol e in success o ailu e o he s a egic plan in many coun ies. In Pakis an au ho s’ s udies show ha he no esea ch has been ye conduc ed o iden i y hose ac o s which cause he ailu e o he policies in Pakis an. This negligence shows how we a e since e wi h ou public sec o o he p og ess o o ganiza ions and g ow h o he economy. Hence, i is impo an issue o he cu en s udy o iden i y he main easons o ailu e o s a egic plan implemen a ion. 1.2 Objec i es o he S udy This s udy se s ollowing impo an objec i es: • To explo e he ac o s which cause he ailu e o implemen a ion o he s a egic plan om p e ious li e a u e and expe s’ opinions. • To con i m hese explo a i e ac o s which cause he ailu e o implemen a ion o he s a egic plan in public sec o o ganiza ions in Pakis an. • Resea ch Ques ions The mos impo an ques ions o he esea ch a e: • Wha a e he mos impo an ac o s behind he ailu e o he s a egic plans implemen a ion in public sec o s o ganiza ions in Pakis an? • Wha is he mos impo an a e o he desc ibed ac o s in ailu e o s a egic plans implemen a ion among he public sec o o ganiza ions in Pakis an? 1.3S a emen o he P oblem Implemen a ion o he s a egic plan is mo e impo an han o mula ion; o he wise i is no hing excep well documen ed pieces o pape in an o ganiza ion (joos e and Fou ie, 2009).In Pakis an public sec o o ganiza ions pe o mance has been declining since las many yea s, while he public sec o o ganiza ions has he bes s a egic policies. Keeping in iew ha ha ing he bes policies, public sec o o ganiza ions ail in implemen a ion o hese s a egic plans, due o ailu e o plans pe o mance o he public sec o o ganiza ion is declining day by day. This s udy will explo e and con i m he ac o s which cause he ailu e o he s a egic plans in Pakis an. • Signi icance o he S udy The s udy has academic impo ance as well as has impo ance in s a egic policy making and s a egic plan implemen a ion; he e a e no s udies abou he ac o s which cause he ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in Pakis an. This s udy akes in o accoun he academic esea ch as well as p ac ical li e si ua ions o sugges he easons and causes which in luence he success ul implemen a ion o he s a egic plan in public sec o o ganiza ion in Pakis an. • Scope o he S udy The s udy se s he h ee majo de e mined objec i es o con ibu e in academic li e a u e o public policy and business managemen as well as adds he impo an ac ics o success ul s a egic plan implemen a ion in p ac ical li e o he public sec o o ganiza ions in Pakis an. The s udy encompasses majo ac o s which cause he ailu e o s a egic plan implemen a ion in shape o con ex ual, con en , ope a ional and s uc u al dimensions. • S udy Plan The s udy is compiled in he main i e chap e s; he i s chap e consis s o backg ound, p oblem s a emen , objec i es, esea ch ques ions and a ea o he esea ch while he nex chap e consis s o e iew o li e a u e p e iously done by a ious au ho s abou his s udy and expe s opinion abou he implemen a ion. I encoun e s he Public Policy and Adminis a ion Resea ch www.iis e.o g ISSN 2224-5731(Pape ) ISSN 2225-0972(Online) Vol.3, No.1, 2013 35 obse a ions o ele an s udies ound in li e a u e his o y. In he hi d chap e Me hodology and sou ces o da a a e gi en which s a e he con en s o s udy like popula ion, sample and analysis ools o be used. The las wo chap e s a e composed o all discussion and da a analysis ega ding he s a is ical indings o he s udy and also conclusion o he esul . Li e a u e Re iew 2.1 S a egy Hiksen e al. (1986) de ines he s a egy as he decisions which a e ela ed o he long e m pe o mance and p og ess o he o ganiza ion. S a egyis a combina ion o he se o decisions and ac ions which a e iewed in he o m o s a egy o mula ion, implemen a ion and con ol o plans designed o achie e a co po a ion’s ision, mission and long e m pe o mance o he o ganiza ion. S a egy is de e mina ion o he basic long e m goals, objec s and pe o mance o he o ganiza ion and aking ac ions, decisions and alloca ion o he esou ces essen ial o o ca y ou goals o he o ganiza ions (chandle e al., 1975) 2.2 S a egy Implemen a ion The e is a la ge pool o li e a u e abou he s a egic planning, om o mula ion o implemen a ion and assessmen and con ol. Mille e al (2007) s a es ha s a egic decisions’ scope is e y wide; hese a e he combina ion o he in oducing new p oduc s and se ices, huge ad e isemen , me ge and accusa ion and change in s uc u e o o ganiza ions. S a egy o mula ion is i s s ai in s a egic planning in business. Howe e , s a egic planning p ocedu e does no come o inish he e and i goes on o o he wo s eps namely s a egy implemen a ion and assessmen & con ol. S a egy implemen a ion is combina ion o necessa y ac ions and s eps o implemen s a egic plan in o ganiza ion. The bes S a egy o mula ion is an e o like a well documen a ion only bu s a egy implemen a ion is key o be e o ganiza ional pe o mance, i is mo e impo an han o mula ion (joos e and Fou ie 2009).In ea lie days a e he s udy o (chandle e al. 1975) all he esea ches ocused he success ul s a egy o mula ion, howe e , in he ecen yea s’ s udies, a en ion has been shi ed owa d he success ul s a egic plan implemen a ion. 2.3 Failu e o S a egy Implemen a ion S a egy implemen a ion is mo e impo an o he o ganiza ion han he s a egy o mula ion, because i he s a egic plan is no success ully implemen ed by he s a and managemen , i s cos and damages g ow mo e han he ailu e o s a egy o mula ion. I is necessa y o he managemen and s a o use he app op ia e and au hen ic models and amewo k o he implemen a ion o he s a egic plan in an o ganiza ion. The main eason o ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion is lack o app op ia e models and amewo ks o guide he managemen and s a which a e in ol ed in implemen a ion o he s a egic plan in well-known o ganiza ions (Alexande , 1991). Feu e e al. (1995) iden i ied he o he signi ican ac o s o he ailu es o he s a egic plan a e he lack o communica ion among he s a egy make s and s a and managemen o he o ganiza ion. They conduc ed he s udy a Hewle -Packa d in which op managemen used he e icien ask o ce o he o mula ion o he s a egy and hen implemen a ion was done by he in e io business managemen eam which sol ed many p oblems in implemen a ion o he plan in app op ia e way. Kalali e al (2011) explo ed and con i med he main ac o s which a e bases and causes o ailu e o he I anian heal h sec o in I an. They ha e iden i ied and con i med ou ac o s which in ol ed in ailu e o he s a egic plan in I anian heal h sec o a e con ex , con en , s uc u e as well as ope a ional amewo k o he o ganiza ion. Kaplan and No on (1996) also ecommended he o he ou key ac o s which assu e he success o implemen a ion o he s a egic plan. They collec ed da a o 6 companies, cla i ied and ansla ed s a egy acco ding o he s uc u e o he o ganiza ion, links and ela ionship wi h he execu i e eam, planning and goal se ing and s a egic eedback and lea ning. Mille (1997) iden i ied he mo e ac o s a he han hese commonly used in almos s udies and ca ego ized hese ac o s in o wo g oups acco ding hei e ec s as achie e and enable as well as backing, speci ici y, cul u al ecep i i y, auspicious amilia i y, a ailabili y o esou ces, and s uc u al p io i y. Joos e and Fou ie (2009) wo ked on he s a egic plan implemen a ion in A ican cul u e and also e alua ed he ac o s and easons o he ailu e in A ican coun ies. They a gued ha he e a e many o ganiza ions which ha e igo ous s a egies bu due o lack o commi men s o he policy make s and lack o s a egic leade ship, hese igo ous s a egies do no gene a e he ui ul esul s. The main easons behind he ailu e o he s a egy a e lack o in e es , commi men and e icien leade ship o implemen a ion. Mape e e .al (2012) s a ed ha he easons which cause he ailu e o he s a egic plan and despi e he bes s a egies, hey could no b ing o h ui ul esul s in Zimbabwe i was only on accoun o nega i e leade ship beha io which shows he s a egy execu i e people we e Public Policy and Adminis a ion Resea ch www.iis e.o g ISSN 2224-5731(Pape ) ISSN 2225-0972(Online) Vol.3, No.1, 2013 36 no liable, hey we e less commi ed o s a egy. Lack o c ea i e s a egic ision in he o ganiza ion hey could no mo i a e and boo up mo als o he s a o ob ain he de e mined objec i es, besides, communica ion among he middle le el managemen and high le el managemen in o ganiza ion emained e y low. Owing o lack o communica ion, he op le el managemen could no he con ey hei app op ia e messages o low le el managemen and he las mos impo an eason o he ailu e is lack o he leade ship skills in leade s which engende ed many ambigui ies among he wo king s a and leade s who could no unde s and he si ua ions o he o ganiza ion. Mackenzie e al (2001) also ocused he leade ship s yle o an o ganiza ion by which one can ob ain he desi ed goals and objec i es o he company h ough c ea ing he ision o he o ganiza ion acco ding o he se up o he i m, aligning he s a o he achie emen o he goals o he i m a he han he pe sonal goals, p o iding he assis an o he in ellec ual indi iduals in complica ed hings and cla i ying expec a ions o he o ganiza ion om he eam and hei pe o mance o he o ganiza ion. Aal onen and Ika alko (2002) also explo ed he h ee main ac o s which cause he success o he s a egy implemen a ion a e p ope and signi ican communica ion among he execu o and op managemen , s a egic ac ing, iden i ying, suppo ing and assis ing he majo key playe o he s a egy implemen a ion and also es ablish he ela ionship be ween he sys em and s uc u e o he o ganiza ion wi h he con en and con ex o he s a egy. B enes e al (2007) iden i ied he majo key ac o s which in luenced he success o he s a egy implemen a ion in o ganiza ion; he iden i ied he execu ion p ocess in o ganiza ion, s a egy o mula ion p ocedu e om in e nal scanning o ex e nal scanning o he o ganiza ion, s a egy con ol p ocess and mo i a ion o he op le el managemen and s a egic leade o achie e objec i es o he o ganiza ion, and co po a e go e nance issues in and o ganiza ion. A e analyzing all he p e ious li e a u e o s udies, he esea ch has ag eed on he main six een ac o s which a e used epea edly and equen ly in almos all esea ches and also aken by kalali e al (2011) which is conduc ed in I anian heal h sec o . All he ac o s which a e aken by he esea che s a e shown in he ollowing able o he s udy o kalali e al (2011). Figu e 3.1 Fac o De ail 1.Con en dimension Con en dimensions include he ing edien s in ol ed in s a egy o mula ion 2.Con ex ual dimensions Con ex ual dimensions include he in e nal and ex e nal en i onmen al o he s a egy implemen a ion in public sec o o ganiza ions. 3.Ope a ional dimensions Ope a ional dimensions e e o he p oblems which happen in he ope a ional le el du ing he s a egy implemen a ion. 4.S uc u al dimensions S uc u al dimensions poin ou he o ganiza ional s uc u e and powe and esponsibili ies dis ibu ions Public Policy and Adminis a ion Resea ch www.iis e.o g ISSN 2224-5731(Pape ) ISSN 2225-0972(Online) Vol.3, No.1, 2013 37 Figu e 3.2 De ail o he ac o s dimensions which cause he ailu e o he plan in public sec o o Pakis an. 1 Resou ce limi a ion Budge , echnology, ools and human esou ces a e inadequa e o s a egic decision implemen a ion in Pakis an. 2 Backg ound I is cul u e o public sec o o ganiza ion o always ail in implemen a ion. 3 Lack o in eg a ion ( Poo communica ion) All Mos depa men s o he public sec o o ganiza ion a e no in eg a ed o each o he . 4 Con lic ing goals and p io i ies Goals and p io i ies a e in luenced by pe sonal in e es . 5 En i onmen al unce ain y Unp edic ed p oblems happen due o change in go e nmen , poli ical, social and leade ship. 6 Non - con e gence Coo dina ion o co e playe ac i i ies is poo and ine icien . 7 lack o compe en people The employees who a e in ol ed in he s a egy implemen a ion a e no compe en and ecommended people. 8 lack o eam managemen Ins uc ion and in ol emen o eam leade is insu icien . 9 ine ec i e ope a ional a angemen Responsibili ies o people a e no assigned and de ined in p ope manne . 10 lack o suppo o Top le el Insu icien suppo o Di ec o and head o depa men in implemen a ion o s a egic plan implemen a ion. 11 Unclea Ta ge o success The c i e ia o he success o s a egic decision a e no speci ic and clea . 12 Non-accep o o ganiza ional Cul u e Belie s and alues o he employees o o ganiza ion a e con lic ing wi h implemen ing he conside ed s a egy 13 Di e gen o ganiza ional s uc u e The cu en o ganiza ion s uc u e p e en s om he implemen a ion o he s a egy. 14 lack o commi men o decision- make s Decision make s do no ha e in e es and commi men o implemen he s a egy 15 Ambiguous s a egy The decided s a egy is no unde s andable and well - de ined 16 Non con e gence o o ganiza ional a ied aspec s o conside ed s a egy The e is no a angemen be ween p ocesses, wo k sys ems and o he dimensions o he o ganiza ion wi h he o ganiza ional s a egy Figu e 4.1 KMO and Ba le 's Tes Kaise -Meye -Olkin Measu e o Sampling Adequacy. 0.724 Ba le 's Tes o Sphe ici y App ox. Chi-Squa e 215.55 D 120 Sig. .000 Public Policy and Adminis a ion Resea ch www.iis e.o g ISSN 2224-5731(Pape ) ISSN 2225-0972(Online) Vol.3, No.1, 2013 38 Figu e 4.2 De ail o he ac o s dimensions De ail Con en dimension Con ex ual dimensions Ope a ional dimensions S uc u al dimensions 1 En i onmen al unce ain y .659 2 Backg ound .616 3 Non-accep o o ganiza ional Cul u e .584 4 Non con e gence o o ganiza ional a ied aspec s o conside ed s a egy .573 5 Unclea s a egy .624 6 Con lic ing goals and p io i ies .702 7 lack o suppo o Top le el .608 8 lack o commi men o decision make s .650 9 Non-assess abili y o implemen ed s a egic decision .643 10 Resou ce limi a ion .502 11 lack o eam managemen .614 12 Unclea Ta ge o success .578 13 Lack o in eg a ion ( Poo communica ion) .626 14 Disha mony .614 15 lack o compe en people .592 16 Di e gen o ganiza ional s uc u e .568 Va iances 10.73% 13.45% 21.711% 14.576% Cumula i e Va iances 60.47% 49.74% 36.288% 14.57% Eigen alue 1.376 2.332 3.474 1.494 Rela ionship con en o Fac o in o e all Failu e Ope a ional .95 Con ex 0.89 Fac o s (1) S uc u al .73 Con en .62 5. Resea ch Me hodology and P ocedu e S udy is conduc ed o i s iden i y he ac o s o he ailu e o he s a egic plans implemen a ion and hen o con i m hem in public sec o o ganiza ion o he Pakis an. 5.1 Popula ion: S udy co e s he win ci y (Islamabad and Rawalpindi) and su ounding a eas ‘ ede al o ganiza ions among popula ion. In popula ion all he o ganiza ion a e ully public sec o o ganiza ions ( ully depend on he ede al go e nmen in e m o inancing and s a egy) and semi go e nmen , public sec o s co po a ions and au onomous bodies a e no in ol ed. 5.2 Sample: Wapda, Na ional sa ings, Pakis an su ey ins i u e, Pakis an ag icul u e esea ch ins i u e, PARC, FBR, and CDA a e he samples o he s udy. Abou Two hund eds Ques ionnai es a e dis ibu ed in men ioned o ganiza ions o he collec ion o he da a. Bu only 150 Ques ione s ha e been collec ed om hese o ganiza ions. 5.3 Ins umen : o he da a collec ion close ended Ques ionnai e a e used which con ain i e op ions as S ongly Ag ee, Ag ee, Nei he , S ongly disag ee and disag ee. The scales (Ques ionnai e) ha a e used in s udy a e he posi i e and nega i e a ec scale. Wes on, Cla k and Tellegen (1988) s a ed ha o he ac o analysis i is compulso y ha he ques ions o he scale mus be in posi i e and nega i e o m. So in he s udy scale has o al 16 ques ions in which he 8 a e posi i e in na u e and 8 a e in nega i e o m. 5.4 Reliabili y: Ques ionnai e is e iewed in e m o he eliabili y and alidi y, c onba ch’s alpha is used in SPSS e sion 20. The esul o alpha is in he e m o alidi y is 95 % and eliabili y is 73.1% which shows he signi ican esul o he eliabili y and alidi y. Public Policy and Adminis a ion Resea ch www.iis e.o g ISSN 2224-5731(Pape ) ISSN 2225-0972(Online) Vol.3, No.1, 2013 39 5.5 Explo a ion: To conduc he esea ch o he easons o he ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in public sec o o ganiza ion esea che ini ially ied o explo e he ac o s o ailu e om p e ious esea ches li e a u e by using he Delphi echniques and hen dimensions a e su ey by explo a o y ac o s analysis. 5.6 Con i ma ion: o he ac o analysis i is ini ially equi ed ha hese numbe o da a a e sui able o he ac o s analysis, hen esea che pu he Ques ionnai e in SPSS o he KMO measu es and Ba le ’s es . Acco ding o KMO’s measu emen 0.734 which is g ea e han 0.6 and signi icance le el is .000 which is less han 0.05 shows ha he da a a e sui able o he ac o analysis. 5.7 Con i ma o y Fac o analysis: The esul om he con i ma o y ac o analysis is ha Roo mean squa e e o o app oxima ion (RMSEA) is equal o 0.067 which is less han 0.1 and Goodness o i index (GFI) 0.72 and adjus ed goodness o i index (AGFI) 0.74 which a e be ween he 0 and 1 shows he model i ness is good. Chi- squa e215.457 and eedom deg ee a e is 120 so he a io is1: 2.09 which is also less han he 3. So i is concluded ha ou ac o s a e i o he model o ac o analysis. The ob ain esul om ac o analysis abou he ac o a e as ope a ional dimensions (0.95), con ex dimensions (0.89), s uc u al dimensions (0.73) and con en dimensions a e (0.620) e ec i e ac o s in ailu e o public sec o . Ope a ional dimension is a op (0.95) which shows ha ope a ional dimensions include; esou ces limi a ion, incompe en managemen and s a , poo planning o execu ion and lack o in eg a ion among he depa men a e he main easons o ailu e, a e ha con ex dimensions, s uc u al and con en dimensions. Conclusion: Due o globaliza ion he compe i ion among o ganiza ions has signi ican ly inc eased and ough ime job o he mange s o main ain he le el o o ganiza ion in ma ke and su i e in compe i ion. Today i is e y di icul o managemen o make accu a e and igo ous decision and implemen a ion o he plan in success ul manne . A single mis ake by managemen in s a egy o mula ion and implemen a ion can d op whole he o ganiza ion s a us om peak poin o shu down si ua ion. The e o e i is necessa y o he manage o in case o public sec o o ganiza ion head o he depa men , di ec o s and op le el managemen o ake he ac ion in igh ime, wi h adequa e esou ces and compe en labo o ces. As a men ioned in las chap e o he s udy, he ac o s which a e he easons o he ailu e o he s a egic plan in public sec o o ganiza ions o Pakis an. Re iewing he p e ious li e a u e and expe Bau u cu a e opinion esea che has enable o explo e he 16 dimensions as e ec i e ac o s on he ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in Pakis an. The esul o he ac o analysis in bo h o ms explo a i e and con i ma i e classi ied hese dimension in o ou main ac o s con ex ual dimension (0.89), con en dimensions (0.62), s uc u al dimensions (0.730) and ope a ional Dimensions (0.95). The esul shows ha he mos impo an eason o he ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in public sec o s o ganiza ion in Pakis an is ope a ional plan o he implemen a ion. Ope a ional dimensions include; esou ces limi a ion, incompe en managemen and s a , poo planning o execu ion and lack o in eg a ion among he depa men a e he main easons o ailu e, a e ha con ex dimensions, s uc u al and con en dimensions. The e o e paying he mo e a en ions on plan implemen a ion o he public sec o can achie e he desi ed esul in shape goals, bene i , su plus budge and long e m su i al in ma ke by hi ing he compe en s a acco ding o equi emen (a oid om idle labo .i.e. PIA has 45000employees o 36 ai planes), hi e he compe en people, P ope mone ize he plan and inc ease he communica ion among he depa men s equen ly. Fu u e Resea ches Guideline: The e a e no only he abo e men ioned ac o s which cause he ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion in public sec o o ganiza ion. Many o he s dimension also ha ing he de imen e ec o ailu e in Public sec o o ganiza ions a e: • Imp ope mone iza ion • Poli ical in luence • Lack o esponsibili y accep ance • Idle human esou ces • Inc emen al budge a he han ac i i y base budge . Re e ences Aal onen, P., Ika alko, H. 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Wa son, D., Cla k, L. A., &Tellegen, A. (1988). De elopmen and alida ion o b ie measu eso posi i e and nega i e a ec : The PANAS scales. Jou nal o Pe sonali y and SocialPsychology, 54(6) Resea ch Ques ionnai e Why do public sec o o ganiza ions ail in Implemen a ion o s a egic plan in Pakis an? Na ional Uni e si y o Mode n Languages H-9 Islamabad Name o O ganiza ion______________________________ Designa ion_____________________ E-mail____________________________________ SA =S ongly Ag ee , A=Ag ee, N=Nei he , SD= S ongly Disag ee , D= Disag ee Selec only one column SA A N SD D 1 Limi ed esou ces cause o implemen o accomplish s a egic plan. 2 You o ganiza ion can’ implemen s a egic plan o he eason ha i is Public sec o o ganiza ion. 3 S a egic plans ail due o de icien communica ion sys em o you o ganiza ion. 4 The di e ence o opinion among you and you highe managemen in he way o objec i e a ec s pe o mance o you o ganiza ion. 5 New p oblems may occu while implemen ing he s a egic plan. 6 The people who execu e he s a egic plan may ag ee o ano he plan oo. 7 The people who a e assigned o execu e he s a egic plan mus ha e Public Policy and Adminis a ion Resea ch www.iis e.o g ISSN 2224-5731(Pape ) ISSN 2225-0972(Online) Vol.3, No.1, 2013 41 educa ion and expe ise. 8 Lack o leade ship o ins uc ions o leade ship cause ailu e o he s a egic plan implemen a ion. 9 The Execu i e o o ganiza ion may help you in implemen a ion o he s a egic plan. 10 Be o e implemen a ion o he s a egic plan all ma e ial o impo an in o ma ion is necessa y o be achie ed. 11 A e ha ing de eloped he s a egic plan opinion o he people mus be ob ained o i s implemen a ion, ejec ion o accep ance. 12 The s uc u e o an o ganiza ion may become a ba ie in implemen a ion he s a egic plan. 13 Wha e e he s a egic plan is, i mus be p epa ed in acco dance o in o ma ion o he objec i es. 14 The s a egic plan mus be p epa ed in acco dance o he sys em o an o ganiza ion. 15 The manage s mus adop s ic a i ude o implemen he s a egic plan once de eloped. 16 Be o e implemen a ion hese s a egic plan, du ies and na u e o assignmen s o he manage s mus clea ly be de ined. • No e: Pu pose o Ques ionnai e is only o collec he da a o esea ch which is conduc ed in NUML. • Copy igh o his Ques ionnai e is p ope y o MSBA-1 sec ion (A) NUML which is sa ed in IISTE- accele a ing Global knowledge sha ing • I any pe son wan s o use his Ques ionnai e hen con ac wi h Muhammad Khawa Usman( Negyal Rajpo ) a NUML.