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Inclusi e J/ψ p oduc ion in Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN = 5.44 TeV
© 2018 O ganisa ion eu opéenne pou la eche che nucléai e. Published by Else ie B.V. . Funded by SCOAP3.
Published e sion
ALICE Collabo a ion
ALICE Collabo a ion. (2018). Inclusi e J/ψ p oduc ion in Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN = 5.44 TeV.
Physics Le e s B, 785, 419-428. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.physle b.2018.08.047
2018
Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428
Con en s lis s a ailable a ScienceDi ec
Physics Le e s B
www.else ie .com/loca e/physle b
Inclusi e J/ψp oduc ion in Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN =5.44 TeV
.ALICE Collabo a ion
a i c l e i n o a b s a c
A icle his o y:
Recei ed 23 May 2018
Recei ed in e ised o m 26 July 2018
Accep ed 23 Augus 2018
A ailable online 31 Augus 2018
Edi o : W.-D. Schla e
Inclusi e J/ψp oduc ion is s udied in Xe–Xe in e ac ions a a cen e-o -mass ene gy pe nucleon pai
o √sNN =5.44 TeV, using he ALICE de ec o a he CERN LHC. The J/ψmeson is econs uc ed ia
i s decay in o a muon pai , in he cen e-o -mass apidi y in e al 2.5 <y <4and down o ze o
ans e se momen um. In his Le e , he nuclea modifica ion ac o s RAA o inclusi e J/ψ, measu ed
in he cen ali y ange 0–90% as well as in he cen ali y in e als 0–20% and 20–90% a e p esen ed. The
RAA alues a e compa ed o p e iously published esul s o Pb–Pb collisions a
√sNN =5.02 TeV and o
he calcula ion o a anspo model. A good ag eemen is ound be ween Xe–Xe and Pb–Pb esul s as
well as be ween da a and he model.
©2018 O ganisa ion eu opéenne pou la eche che nucléai e. Published by Else ie B.V. This is an open
access a icle unde he CC BY license (h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3.
The s udy o he p oduc ion o qua konium s a es plays an im-
po an ole in he cha ac e iza ion o he p ope ies o he Qua k-
Gluon Plasma (QGP) [1]. This s a e o ma e , whe e qua ks and
gluons a e no confined in o had ons, can be p oduced in hea y-
ion collisions a ul a ela i is ic ene gies. Qua konia a e bound
s a es o hea y qua k-an iqua k pai s (cha monia, cc and bo omo-
nia, bb) and hei p oduc ion a e is significan ly a ec ed by he
QGP. In pa icula , he colo o ce esponsible o he binding o
hea y qua ks is expec ed o be sc eened in he QGP, leading o a
supp ession o qua konium p oduc ion which can be ela ed o he
ini ial empe a u e o he sys em [2,3]. In addi ion, a e y high en-
e gies, such as hose a ailable a he LHC, he abundan p oduc ion
o cha m-an icha m pai s leads o a ecombina ion p ocess, which
may occu bo h in he QGP phase o when he sys em cools down
and had ons a e o med ou o he ee qua ks and gluons [4,5].
The s udy o he in e play be ween supp ession and ecombina-
ion p ocesses o e s he possibili y o a quan i a i e in es iga ion
o he exis ence o colo less bound s a es o hea y qua ks in he
QGP.
An ex ended se o esul s was ob ained o he J/ψ, a cha -
monium s a e wi h quan um numbe s JPC =1−−, a LHC ene gies
(√sNN =2.76 and 5.02 TeV) in Pb–Pb collisions [6–12]. Compa -
ison o hese esul s o heo e ical models [13–17] and o lowe
ene gy da a [18,19] a o s he pic u e desc ibed abo e. The s udy
o he collision o nuclei ligh e han Pb may gi e addi ional im-
po an in o ma ion on he ela i e con ibu ion o supp ession and
ecombina ion mechanisms.
A s ep in his di ec ion is pe o med in his Le e , whe e fi s
esul s on J/ψp oduc ion a LHC ene gies in Xe–Xe, a collision sys-
E-mail add ess: alice -publica ions @ce n .ch.
em (AXe =129) ligh e han Pb–Pb (APb =208), a e p esen ed.
Da a we e collec ed by he ALICE Collabo a ion a he cen e-o -
mass ene gy pe nucleon pai √sNN =5.44 TeV, du ing a sho
un ca ied ou a he end o 2017. Due o he limi ed in eg a ed
luminosi y, Lin ∼0.34 μb−1, he s a is ical unce ain ies a e signi -
ican ly la ge han hose o he Pb–Pb esul s [10], bu ne e heless
allow a meaning ul compa ison be ween he wo sys ems, in e ms
o he nuclea modifica ion ac o RAA. This quan i y is ob ained as
he a io be ween he p oduc ion yields in nucleus–nucleus colli-
sions and he co esponding p o on–p o on (pp) c oss sec ion, no -
malized o he nuclea hickness unc ion TAA[20]. Values o RAA
smalle (la ge ) han uni y indica e supp ession (enhancemen ) e -
ec s o he pa icle unde s udy. The esul s shown in his Le -
e co espond o he cen e-o -mass apidi y ange 2.5 <y <4,
a e in eg a ed o e ans e se momen um (pT) and we e ob ained
by s udying he J/ψ→μ+μ−decay channel. The nuclea mod-
ifica ion ac o is s udied as a unc ion o he cen ali y o he
collision [21], exp essed as a pe cen age o he had onic Xe–Xe
c oss sec ion. The esul s co espond o inclusi e J/ψp oduc ion,
which is he sum o a p omp componen (di ec ly p oduced J/ψ
and eed-down om o he cha monium s a es) and a non-p omp
componen , due o he decay o pa icles con aining a b qua k.
ALICE is he LHC expe imen dedica ed o he s udy o nuclea
collisions, and is desc ibed in de ail in Re s. [22,23]. The main de-
ec o used in his analysis is a muon spec ome e [24], co e ing
he pseudo apidi y ange −4 <η<−2.5.1I includes acking and
igge chambe s, and econs uc s muons wi h pTla ge han a
1In he ALICE e e ence ame, he muon spec ome e co e s a nega i e η ange
and consequen ly a nega i e y ange. We ha e chosen o p esen ou esul s wi h a
posi i e yno a ion.
h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.physle b.2018.08.047
0370-2693/©2018 O ganisa ion eu opéenne pou la eche che nucléai e. Published by Else ie B.V. This is an open access a icle unde he CC BY license
(h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3.
420 ALICE Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428
Fig. 1. Fi s o in a ian mass dis ibu ions o opposi e-sign dimuons, o 0–90% Xe–Xe collisions. In he le panel, he esul o a fi o he aw in a ian mass spec um is
shown, while in he igh panel he fi o he same dis ibu ion a e sub ac ion o he mixed-e en backg ound is p esen ed. The fi cu es shown in blue ep esen he sum
o he signal and backg ound shapes, while he ed lines co espond o he J/ψsignal and he blue dashed ones o he backg ound (see ex o de ails). (Fo in e p e a ion
o he colo s in he figu e(s), he eade is e e ed o he web e sion o his a icle.)
gi en h eshold, which is se a he igge le el. In addi ion, he
V0 [25], a se o scin illa o de ec o s co e ing 2.8 <η<5.1 and
−3.7 <η<−1.7, is used o define he minimum bias (MB) in e -
ac ion igge ia a coincidence o signals a posi i e and nega i e
η alues. The V0 is also used o he cen ali y es ima e ia a fi
o he dis ibu ion o he o al signal ampli udes in he amewo k
o he Glaube model [21]. The econs uc ion o he p ima y col-
lision e ex is ca ied ou in he wo laye s o he Silicon Pixel
De ec o (SPD), he inne mos pa o he Inne T acking Sys em o
he expe imen [26], co e ing |η| <2 and |η| <1.4 espec i ely.
Finally, ejec ion o non-had onic Xe–Xe collisions is pe o med
using he Ze o Deg ee Calo ime e s (ZDC) [27], which iden ifies
elec omagne ic in e ac ions, while he V0 de ec s beam-gas col-
lisions occu ing ou side he nominal in e ac ion poin egion.
The da a analyzed in his Le e a e aken wi h a igge o med
by he coincidence o he MB igge signal and o a leas one
muon igge ed in he muon spec ome e , wi h a pT=0.5GeV/c
h eshold. The defini ion o he igge is less es ic i e han he
one usually adop ed o Pb–Pb da a aking (1 GeV/c h eshold and
wo de ec ed muons), due o he much smalle ins an aneous lu-
minosi y o Xe–Xe collisions. S anda d selec ion c i e ia [10]a e
hen applied o such e en s and o he muon candida es. In pa ic-
ula , i is equi ed (i) ha wo opposi e-sign acks econs uc ed
in he acking chambe s o he muon spec ome e a e ma ched o
ack segmen s in he igge sys em, (ii) ha bo h muons belong-
ing o he pai (dimuon) ha e −4 <ημ<−2.5, and (iii) ha hei
ans e se posi ion Rabs a he end o he had on abso be o he
muon spec ome e sa isfies he condi ion 17.6 <Rabs <89.5cm.
Finally, he econs uc ed dimuon should lay in he fiducial apid-
i y egion o he muon spec ome e , 2.5 <y <4.
The nuclea modifica ion ac o RAA o he collision sys em un-
de s udy is defined, o he cen ali y in e al i, as
Ri
AA =
Ni
J/ψ
BRJ/ψ→μ+μ−Ni
MB AεiTi
AAσpp
J/ψ
,(1)
whe e Ni
J/ψ is he numbe o de ec ed J/ψin he i- h cen ali y
in e al, BRJ/ψ→μ+μ−=(5.96 ±0.03)% is he b anching a io o
he dimuon decay channel [28], Ni
MB is he numbe o MB e en s
co esponding o he analyzed igge ed e en sample, Aεiis he
p oduc o he de ec o accep ance imes he econs uc ion effi-
ciency, Ti
AAis he a e age nuclea hickness unc ion [29], and
σpp
J/ψ is he inclusi e J/ψc oss sec ion o pp collisions, a he same
ene gy and in he same kinema ic ange as he Xe–Xe da a. Re-
sul s a e gi en o he cen ali y in e al 0–90% and o he wo
sub-in e als 0–20% and 20–90%.
Excep o he de e mina ion o σpp
J/ψ , he o he quan i ies en-
e ing he defini ion o RAA a e e alua ed ollowing he same p o-
cedu e used o he analysis o he Pb–Pb da a sample and de ailed
in Re . [10].
The ex ac ion o NJ/ψ is pe o med wi h wo di e en ap-
p oaches. In he fi s , he aw opposi e-sign dimuon in a ian mass
dis ibu ion is fi ed wi h a supe posi ion o esonance and back-
g ound shapes [30], he o me being uned o Mon e Ca lo (MC)
simula ions and he la e co esponding o empi ical unc ions.
In he second, he backg ound is es ima ed ia a mixed-e en in-
a ian mass dis ibu ion, ob ained om he collec ed sample o
muon- igge ed e en s and sub ac ed om he aw spec um [9].
The esul ing dis ibu ion is hen fi ed wi h he sum o a eso-
nance shape and a con inuum unc ion accoun ing o he small
esidual backg ound componen . Due o he low s a is ical signi -
icance o he p esen da a sample, he wid h o he J/ψmeson,
which is usually kep as a ee pa ame e in he in a ian mass
fi s, is fixed o σJ/ψ =70 MeV/c2, co esponding o he alue o
his quan i y ob ained in p e ious analyses [10,31,32]. Fo each
o he wo app oaches, se e al fi s we e pe o med a ying he
fi mass ange, he signal and backg ound shapes and he J/ψ
wid h by ±1MeV/c2. The ob ained alue o he cen ali y in e -
al 0–90% is NJ/ψ =241 ±47(s a .) ±26(sys .), whe e he cen al
alue and he s a is ical unce ain y co espond o he a e age o
he fi esul s and o he a e age o he co esponding s a is i-
cal unce ain ies, espec i ely. The sys ema ic unce ain y is ob-
ained as he oo mean squa e o he dis ibu ion o he NJ/ψ
alues ob ained wi h he a ious fi s. The co esponding alues
o he 0–20% and 20–90% cen ali y sub-in e als a e NJ/ψ =
175 ±42(s a .) ±23(sys .) and NJ/ψ =77 ±20(s a .) ±7(sys .), e-
spec i ely.
Fig. 1shows as an example he esul s o wo fi s o he 0–90%
Xe–Xe dimuon in a ian mass dis ibu ion, co esponding o fi ing
he aw spec um (le panel) o he mixed-e en backg ound sub-
ac ed mass dis ibu ion ( igh panel).
The p oduc o he accep ance imes he econs uc ion effi-
ciency Aε o J/ψis e alua ed ia a MC simula ion, based on
he GEANT3 anspo model [33], which akes in o accoun he
ALICE Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428 421
alignmen o he muon spec ome e de ec o s and hei efficiency.
The inpu pTand ydis ibu ions o he J/ψaccep ance calcula-
ion canno be uned di ec ly o da a, due o he low in eg a ed
luminosi y o he da a sample. I is he e o e assumed ha he
shape o he yand pTdis ibu ions is simila o di e en collision
sys ems in cen ali y in e als co esponding o he same a e age
numbe o pa icipan nucleons, weigh ed by he co esponding
numbe o nucleon–nucleon collisions, Nw
pa . The weigh ing is
in oduced o ake in o accoun ha he J/ψp oduc ion c oss sec-
ion is p opo ional o he numbe o nucleon–nucleon collisions
and ha he e o e he a e age Npa in wide cen ali y bins is
sys ema ically shi ed owa ds highe alues. Following his a gu-
men , he di e en ial dis ibu ions measu ed in Pb–Pb collisions a
√sNN =5.02 TeV [10] o he 20–40% cen ali y ange a e used as
inpu dis ibu ion o he MC calcula ion, since Nw
pa PbPb,20−40%
is equal, wi hin ∼2%, o Nw
pa XeXe,0−90%, es ima ed ia a Glaube
MC calcula ion. The sys ema ic unce ain y on he J/ψaccep ance
alue due o he choice o he J/ψ apidi y and ans e se mo-
men um dis ibu ions amoun s o 2% and is e alua ed by choosing
al e na i e inpu shapes co esponding o o he Pb–Pb cen ali y
anges.
Conce ning he econs uc ion efficiency, i sligh ly depends on
he collision cen ali y, due o he de ec o occupancy in he muon
spec ome e . The e ec was e alua ed in he analysis o Pb–Pb
e en s [10]by
embedding he simula ed J/ψsignal in o eal e en s
co esponding o a ious cen ali ies. Fo his analysis, s a ing
om he Pb–Pb esul s, he dec ease in AεXeXe,0−90% wi h espec
o a simula ion con aining only J/ψis es ima ed o be 4.2% ( alues
o 0–20% and 20–90% cen ali y anges a e 5.5% and 1.6%, espec-
i ely). The sys ema ic unce ain y on he econs uc ion efficiency
is e alua ed ollowing he p ocedu e used in Re . [10], leading o a
3.6% e ec .
The esul ing alue o he p oduc o accep ance imes econ-
s uc ion efficiency o J/ψp oduc ion in 0–90% Xe–Xe collisions
is AεXeXe,0−90% =0.228 ±0.009(sys .), wi h a negligible s a is ical
unce ain y.
The no maliza ion ac o NMB is e alua ed by mul iplying he
numbe o opposi e-sign dimuon igge s by a ac o Fno m, co -
esponding o he in e se o he p obabili y o ha ing a ig-
ge ed muon in a MB e en . This quan i y is compu ed om he
e en igge inpu in o ma ion and he le el-0 igge mask. The
p ocedu e and he e alua ion o he sys ema ic unce ain y a e
desc ibed in Re . [10]. The ob ained alue is Fno m =2.428 ±
0.001(s a .) ±0.024(sys .).
The e e ence c oss sec ion o he calcula ion o RAA is ob-
ained s a ing om he measu ed alue o he inclusi e J/ψc oss
sec ion in pp collisions a √s=5.02 TeV [10]. This quan i y is hen
co ec ed o accoun o he di e en cen e-o -mass ene gy o he
Xe–Xe da a, using an in e pola ion o a ailable ALICE pp esul s
a √s=2.76, 5.02, 7, 8 and 13 TeV [32]. The ob ained alue is
σpp
J/ψ =5.99 ±0.09(s a .) ±0.30(sys .) μb−1, whe e he sys ema ic
unce ain y con ains a small e m (0.4%) ela ed o he in e pola-
ion p ocedu e, calcula ed as he maximum sp ead be ween esul s
ob ained wi h a ious in e pola ing unc ions [34].
The nuclea hickness unc ion TAAis e alua ed o he a -
ious cen ali y in e als ia a Glaube model calcula ion, and i s
unce ain y is es ima ed by a ying wi hin unce ain ies he den-
si y pa ame e s o he Xe nucleus [29,35]. Fo 0–90% cen ali y
i s alue amoun s o TAA =3.25 ±0.25 mb−1, while o 0–20%
and 20–90% one ob ains TAA =9.90 ±0.62 mb−1and TAA =
1.35 ±0.14 mb−1, espec i ely.
Finally, a sys ema ic unce ain y on he defini ion o he cen-
ali y in e als is e alua ed by a ying he alue o he V0 signal
ampli ude co esponding o 90% cen ali y by ±0.5% and ecalcu-
la ing co espondingly he cen ali y in e als.
Table 1
Summa y o sys ema ic unce ain ies on he calcula ion o he nu-
clea modifica ion ac o s. The acking efficiency e m includes a
1% con ibu ion due o he choice o he χ2cu o he ma ching
be ween he in o ma ion o acking and igge de ec o s. All he
unce ain ies a e co ela ed among he a ious cen ali y anges,
excep hose on he signal ex ac ion, TAAand he defini ion o
he cen ali y in e als.
Sou ce 0–90% 0–20% 20–90%
Signal ex ac ion 11% 13% 8%
MC inpu 2% 2% 2%
T acking efficiency 2% 2% 2%
T igge efficiency 3% 3% 3%
Fno m 1% 1% 1%
TAA8% 6% 10%
Cen ali y 0% 0% 1%
pp e e ence 5% 5% 5%
Fig. 2. The inclusi e J/ψnuclea modifica ion ac o o Xe–Xe collisions a
√sNN =
5.44 TeV. The esul s a e plo ed using as cen ali y a iable Nw
pa , ob ained by
weigh ing, in each cen ali y in e al, he Npa dis ibu ion wi h he co espond-
ing dis ibu ion o he numbe o nucleon–nucleon collisions. The e o ba s ep-
esen he s a is ical unce ain ies, he boxes a ound he poin s he unco ela ed
sys ema ic unce ain ies. Co ela ed unce ain ies a e shown as a filled box a ound
uni y. The esul s a e compa ed wi h he same quan i y o Pb–Pb collisions a
√sNN =5.02 TeV [10]and o he esul s o he calcula ion o a anspo model [13,
14]. Fo Pb–Pb, he weigh ing o Npa wi h he numbe o nucleon–nucleon colli-
sions was no pe o med, since i leads o a negligible e ec when he cen ali y
in e als a e na ow.
Table 1shows a summa y o he sys ema ic unce ain ies o
he RAA measu emen o he h ee analyzed cen ali y anges.
The main con ibu ions come om he es ima e o TAAand om
he signal ex ac ion. The o me is domina ed by he unce ain y
on he su ace hickness o he Xe nucleus. The la e , being es i-
ma ed in a da a-d i en way as de ailed abo e, may su e om he
s a is ical limi a ions o he da a sample. The quo ed alues can
he e o e be conside ed o be a conse a i e es ima e.
The pT-in eg a ed nuclea modifica ion ac o o inclusi e J/ψ
p oduc ion in Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN =5.44 TeV, measu ed
in 2.5 <y <4 and in he 0–90% cen ali y ange, is RAA =
0.54 ±0.11(s a .) ±0.08(sys .). This alue can be compa ed wi h
he co esponding one o Pb–Pb collisions a √sNN =5.02 TeV,
RPbPb
AA =0.65 ±0.01(s a .) ±0.04(sys .) [10]. Thei a io amoun s o
0.84 ±0.16(s a .) ±0.13(sys .), showing ha he wo alues ag ee
wi hin abou 0.8σ. Following he app oach o Re . [9], i can be
shown ha he Xe–Xe nuclea modifica ion ac o o p omp J/ψ
could be up o 10% highe (lowe ) han he inclusi e RAA i he
non-p omp J/ψcomponen om he decays o had ons con aining
a b qua k is no (comple ely) supp essed. In Fig. 2 he RAA alues
o 0–20% and 20–90% Xe–Xe collisions a e plo ed, and compa ed
422 ALICE Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428
wi h he cen ali y dependence o he nuclea modifica ion ac-
o o Pb–Pb collisions [10]. The la e shows, a e a dec ease
up o Npa ∼100, a sa u a ion a RAA ∼0.65–0.7 owa ds mo e
cen al e en s, and he wo Xe–Xe poin s a e ound o be in ag ee-
men , wi hin hei la ge unce ain ies, wi h he Pb–Pb esul s. The
Xe–Xe and Pb–Pb esul s a e also compa ed wi h he calcula ion o
a anspo model by Du and Rapp [13,14]. A close simila i y o he
p edic ed supp ession pa e ns o Pb–Pb and Xe–Xe is obse ed,
which ai ly ep oduces he expe imen al esul s.
In summa y, we ha e measu ed inclusi e J/ψp oduc ion in
Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN =5.44 TeV. Resul s on he nuclea mod-
ifica ion ac o s we e gi en o a ious cen ali y selec ions and
compa ed o co esponding esul s o Pb–Pb collisions a √sNN =
5.02 TeV and o a heo e ical model. Wi hin he expe imen al un-
ce ain ies, a good ag eemen is ound be ween he RAA measu ed
in he wo sys ems and wi h he calcula ion. These esul s show
ha he ela i e con ibu ion o supp ession and egene a ion p o-
cesses is simila o collisions p oducing simila Npa alues om
di e en collision sys ems.
Acknowledgemen s
The ALICE Collabo a ion would like o hank all i s enginee s
and echnicians o hei in aluable con ibu ions o he cons uc-
ion o he expe imen and he CERN accele a o eams o he ou -
s anding pe o mance o he LHC complex. The ALICE Collabo a ion
g a e ully acknowledges he esou ces and suppo p o ided by
all G id cen es and he Wo ldwide LHC Compu ing G id (WLCG)
collabo a ion. The ALICE Collabo a ion acknowledges he ollow-
ing unding agencies o hei suppo in building and unning he
ALICE de ec o : A.I. Alikhanyan Na ional Science Labo a o y (Ye e-
an Physics Ins i u e) Founda ion (ANSL), S a e Commi ee o Sci-
ence and Wo ld Fede a ion o Scien is s (WFS), A menia; Aus ian
Academy o Sciences and Na ionals i ung ü Fo schung, Technolo-
gie und En wicklung, Aus ia; Minis y o Communica ions and
High Technologies, Na ional Nuclea Resea ch Cen e , Aze baijan;
Conselho Nacional de Desen ol imen o Cien ífico e Tecnológico
(CNPq), Uni e sidade Fede al do Rio G ande do Sul (UFRGS), Fi-
nanciado a de Es udos e P oje os (Finep) and Fundação de Ampa o
à Pesquisa do Es ado de São Paulo (FAPESP), B azil; Minis y o
Science & Technology o China (MSTC), Na ional Na u al Science
Founda ion o China (NSFC) and Minis y o Educa ion o China
(MOEC), China; Minis y o Science and Educa ion, C oa ia; Min-
is y o Educa ion, You h and Spo s o he Czech Republic, Czech
Republic; The Danish Council o Independen Resea ch – Na u-
al Sciences, he Ca lsbe g Founda ion and Danish Na ional Re-
sea ch Founda ion (DNRF), Denma k; Helsinki Ins i u e o Physics
(HIP), Finland; Commissa ia à l’Ene gie A omique (CEA) and Ins i-
u Na ional de Physique Nucléai e e de Physique des Pa icules
(IN2P3) and Cen e Na ional de la Reche che Scien ifique (CNRS),
F ance; Bundesminis e ium ü Bildung, Wissenscha , Fo schung
und Technologie (BMBF) and GSI Helmhol zzen um ü Schw-
e ionen o schung GmbH, Ge many; Gene al Sec e a ia o Re-
sea ch and Technology, Minis y o Educa ion, Resea ch and Reli-
gions, G eece; Na ional Resea ch, De elopmen and Inno a ion O -
fice, Hunga y; Depa men o A omic Ene gy, Go e nmen o India
(DAE), Depa men o Science and Technology, Go e nmen o India
(DST), Uni e si y G an s Commission, Go e nmen o India (UGC)
and Council o Scien ific and Indus ial Resea ch (CSIR), India; In-
donesian Ins i u e o Science, Indonesia; Cen o Fe mi – Museo
S o ico della Fisica e Cen o S udi e Rice che En ico Fe mi and Is i-
u o Nazionale di Fisica Nuclea e (INFN), I aly; Ins i u e o Inno a-
i e Science and Technology, Nagasaki Ins i u e o Applied Science
(IIST), Japan Socie y o he P omo ion o Science (JSPS) KAKENHI
and Japanese Minis y o Educa ion, Cul u e, Spo s, Science and
Technology (MEXT), Japan; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia (CONA-
CYT) y Tecnología, h ough Fondo de Coope ación In e nacional en
Ciencia y Tecnología (FONCICYT) and Di ección Gene al de Asun-
os del Pe sonal Academico (DGAPA), Mexico; Nede landse O gan-
isa ie oo We enschappelijk Onde zoek (NWO), Ne he lands; The
Resea ch Council o No way, No way; Commission on Science and
Technology o Sus ainable De elopmen in he Sou h (COMSATS),
Pakis an; Pon ificia Uni e sidad Ca ólica del Pe ú, Pe u; Minis y o
Science and Highe Educa ion and Na ional Science Cen e, Poland;
Ko ea Ins i u e o Science and Technology In o ma ion and Na ional
Resea ch Founda ion o Ko ea (NRF), Republic o Ko ea; Minis y o
Educa ion and Scien ific Resea ch, Ins i u e o A omic Physics and
Romanian Na ional Agency o Science, Technology and Inno a ion,
Romania; Join Ins i u e o Nuclea Resea ch (JINR), Minis y o
Educa ion and Science o he Russian Fede a ion and Na ional Re-
sea ch Cen e Ku cha o Ins i u e, Russia; Minis y o Educa ion,
Science, Resea ch and Spo o he Slo ak Republic, Slo akia; Na-
ional Resea ch Founda ion o Sou h A ica, Sou h A ica; Cen o de
Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desa ollo Nuclea (CEADEN), Cubaen-
e gía, Cuba and Cen o de In es igaciones Ene gé icas, Medioambi-
en ales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Spain; Swedish Resea ch Council
(VR) and Knu & Alice Wallenbe g Founda ion (KAW), Sweden; Eu-
opean O ganiza ion o Nuclea Resea ch, Swi ze land; Na ional
Science and Technology De elopmen Agency (NSDTA), Su ana ee
Uni e si y o Technology (SUT) and Office o he Highe Educa-
ion Commission unde NRU p ojec o Thailand, Thailand; Tu kish
A omic Ene gy Agency (TAEK), Tu key; Na ional Academy o Sci-
ences o Uk aine, Uk aine; Science and Technology Facili ies Coun-
cil (STFC), Uni ed Kingdom; Na ional Science Founda ion o he
Uni ed S a es o Ame ica (NSF) and Uni ed S a es Depa men o
Ene gy, Office o Nuclea Physics (DOE NP), Uni ed S a es o Ame -
ica.
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R. Ba be a30, F. Ba ile 53, L. Ba ioglio28, G.G. Ba na öldi 143, L.S. Ba nby93, V. Ba e 131, P. Ba alini7,
K. Ba h36, E. Ba sch70, N. Bas id131, S. Basu 141, G. Ba igne112, B. Ba yunya 76, P.C. Ba zing23,
J.L. Bazo Alba109, I.G. Bea den89, H. Beck102, C. Bedda 64, N.K. Behe a61, I. Beliko 133, F. Bellini36,
H. Bello Ma inez2, R. Bellwied 124, L.G.E. Bel an118, V. Belyae 92, G. Bencedi143, S. Beole 28,
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J. Leh bach41, R.C. Lemmon93, I. León Monzón 118, P. Lé ai 143, X. Li 13, X.L. Li7, J. Lien122, R. Lie a a 108,
B. Lim20, S. Lindal23, V. Lindens u h41, S.W. Lindsay126, C. Lippmann 104, M.A. Lisa19, V. Li iche skyi 45,
A. Liu80, H.M. Ljungg en81, W.J. Llope 141, D.F. Loda o64, V. Logino 92, C. Loizides 95,80, P. Lonca 37,
X. Lopez131, E. López To es9, A. Lowe143, P. Lue ig70, J.R. Luhde 142, M. Luna don31, G. Lupa ello60,
M. Lupi36, A. Mae skaya 63, M. Mage 36, S.M. Mahmood23, A. Mai e133, R.D. Majka 144, M. Malae 96,
Q.W. Malik 23, L. Malinina 76,iii, D. Mal’Ke ich65, P. Malzache 104, A. Mamono 106, V. Manko88,
F. Manso131, V. Manza i 53, Y. Mao 7, M. Ma chisone128,74,132, J. Ma eš68, G.V. Ma gaglio i27,
ALICE Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428 425
A. Ma go i54, J. Ma gu i64, A. Ma ín104, C. Ma ke 117, M. Ma qua d70, N.A. Ma in104,
P. Ma inengo36, J.L. Ma inez 124, M.I. Ma ínez2, G. Ma ínez Ga cía112, M. Ma inez Ped ei a36,
S. Masciocchi104, M. Mase a28, A. Masoni55, L. Massac ie 62, E. Masson112, A. Mas ose io53,135,
A.M. Ma his115,103, P.F.T. Ma uoka 119, A. Ma yja116,127, C. Maye 116, M. Mazzilli 35, M.A. Mazzoni58,
F. Meddi25, Y. Melikyan 92, A. Menchaca-Rocha73, E. Meninno32, J. Me cado Pé ez 102, M. Me es15,
C.S. Meza109, S. Mhlanga123, Y. Miake130, L. Michele i28, M.M. Mieskolainen45, D.L. Mihaylo 103,
K. Mikhaylo 65,76, A. Mischke 64, A.N. Mish a71, D. Mi´
skowiec104, J. Mi a139, C.M. Mi u69,
N. Mohammadi36, A.P. Mohan y64, B. Mohan y86, M. Mohisin Khan 18,i , D.A. Mo ei a De Godoy142,
L.A.P. Mo eno2, S. Mo e o31, A. Mo eale112, A. Mo sch36, V. Mucci o a 52, E. Mudnic 37,
D. Mühlheim142, S. Muhu i139, M. Mukhe jee 4, J.D. Mulligan144, M.G. Munhoz 119, K. Münning44,
M.I.A. Munoz80, R.H. Munze 70, H. Mu akami129, S. Mu ay 74, L. Musa36, J. Musinsky66, C.J. Mye s124,
J.W. My cha 140, B. Naik 49, R. Nai 85, B.K. Nandi 49, R. Nania54,11, E. Nappi53, A. Na ayan49, M.U. Na u16,
A.F. Nassi pou 81, H. Na al da Luz119, C. Na ass 127, S.R. Na a o2, K. Nayak86, R. Nayak49,
T.K. Nayak 139, S. Naza enko106, R.A. Neg ao De Oli ei a 70,36, L. Nellen71, S.V. Nesbo38, G. Nesko ic41,
F. Ng 124, M. Nicassio104, J. Niedziela140,36, B.S. Nielsen89, S. Nikolae 88, S. Nikulin 88, V. Nikulin 96,
F. No e ini11,54, P. Nomokono 76, G. Noo en 64, J.C.C. No is2, J. No man79, A. Nyanin88, J. Nys and24,
H. Oh145, A. Ohlson 102, J. Oleniacz140, A.C. Oli ei a Da Sil a119, M.H. Oli e 144, J. Onde waa e 104,
C. Oppedisano 59, R. O a a 45, M. O a ec114, A. O iz Velasquez71, A. Oska sson81, J. O winowski116,
K. Oyama 82, Y. Pachmaye 102, V. Pacik89, D. Pagano 137, G. Pai´
c71, P. Palni 7, J. Pan 141, A.K. Pandey49,
S. Panebianco134, V. Papikyan 1, P. Pa eek 50, J. Pa k61, J.E. Pa kkila125, S. Pa ma 98, A. Pass eld142,
S.P. Pa hak124, R.N. Pa a 139, B. Paul 59, H. Pei7, T. Pei zmann64, X. Peng7, L.G. Pe ei a 72,
H.Pe ei aDaCos a
134, D. Pe esunko88, E. Pe ez Lezama70, V. Pesko 70, Y. Pes o 5, V. Pe áˇ
cek39,
M. Pe o ici 48, C. Pe a30, R.P. Pezzi72, S. Piano60, M. Pikna15, P. Pillo 112, L.O.D.L. Pimen el89,
O. Pinazza54,36, L. Pinsky124, S. Pisano52, D.B. Piya a hna124, M. Płosko´
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J. Plu a140, S. Pochybo a143, P.L.M. Podes a-Le ma 118, M.G. Poghosyan 95, B. Polich chouk91, N. Poljak97,
W. Poonsawa 113, A. Pop48, H. Poppenbo g142, S. Po eboeu -Houssais131, V. Pozdniako 76, S.K. P asad4,
R. P eghenella54, F. P ino59, C.A. P uneau141, I. Pshenichno 63, M. Puccio 28, V. Punin106, J. Pu schke141,
S. Raha4, S. Rajpu 99, J. Rak125, A. Rako ozafind abe134, L. Ramello34, F. Rami 133, R. Raniwala100,
S. Raniwala 100, S.S. Räsänen45, B.T. Rascanu70, V. Ra za 44, I. Ra asenga33, K.F. Read127,95, K. Redlich85, ,
A. Rehman24, P. Reichel 70, F. Reid 36, X. Ren 7, R. Ren o d 70, A. Reshe in63, J.-P. Re ol11, K. Reyge s102,
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P.S. Roki a 140, F. Ronche i52, E.D. Rosas71, K. Roslon140, P. Rosne 131, A. Rossi31, A. Ro ondi136,
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S.K. Saha139, B. Sahoo49, P. Sahoo50, R. Sahoo50, S. Sahoo 67, P.K. Sahu 67, J. Saini 139, S. Sakai130,
M.A. Saleh141, S. Sambyal99, V. Samsono 96,92, A. Sando al73, A. Sa ka 74, D. Sa ka 139, N. Sa ka 139,
P. Sa ma43, M.H.P. Sas64, E. Scappa one54, F. Sca lassa a 31, B. Schae e 95, H.S. Scheid70, C. Schiaua 48,
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J. Schuk a 36, Y. Schu z 36,133, K. Schwa z104, K. Schweda104, G. Scioli 29, E. Scompa in59, M. Še ˇ
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J.E. Sege 17, Y. Sekiguchi129, D. Sekiha a46, I. Selyuzhenko 104,92, K. Senosi74, S. Senyuko 133,
E. Se adilla73, P. Se 49, A. Se cenco69, A. Shabano 63, A. Shabe ai112, R. Shahoyan36, W. Shaikh 107,
A. Shanga ae 91, A. Sha ma98, A. Sha ma99, M. Sha ma99, N. Sha ma98, A.I. Sheikh 139, K. Shigaki46,
M. Shimomu a83, S. Shi inkin 65, Q. Shou7,110, K. Sh eje 28, Y. Sibi iak 88, S. Siddhan a55,
K.M. Sielewicz36, T. Siemia czuk85, D. Sil e my 81, G. Sima o ic90, G. Simone i36,103, R. Singa aju139,
R. Singh86, R. Singh99, V. Singhal 139, T. Sinha107, B. Si a 15, M. Si a34, T.B. Skaali 23, M. Slupecki125,
N. Smi no 144, R.J.M. Snellings64, T.W. Snellman 125, J. Song20, F. So amel31, S. So ensen127, F. Sozzi104,
I. Spu owska116, J. S achel102, I. S an 69, P. S ankus 95, E. S enlund81, D. S occo112, M.M. S o e ed 38,
P. S men 15, A.A.P. Suaide119, T. Sugi a e46, C. Sui e62, M. Suleymano 16, M. Suljic 36,27, R. Sul ano 65,
M. Šumbe a94, S. Sumowidagdo 51, K. Suzuki111, S. Swain 67, A. Szabo15, I. Sza ka15, U. Tabassam 16,
J. Takahashi 120, G.J. Tamba e24, N. Tanaka 130, M. Ta hini112, M. Ta iq18, M.G. Ta zila48, A. Tau o36,
G. Tejeda Muñoz2, A. Telesca36, C. Te e oli31, B. Teyssie 132, D. Thaku 50, S. Thaku 139, D. Thomas117,
426 ALICE Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428
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1A.I. Alikhanyan Na ional Science Labo a o y (Ye e an Physics Ins i u e) Founda ion, Ye e an, A menia
2Benemé i a Uni e sidad Au ónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
3Bogolyubo Ins i u e o Theo e ical Physics, Na ional Academy o Sciences o Uk aine, Kie , Uk aine
4Bose Ins i u e, Depa men o Physics and Cen e o As opa icle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolka a, India
5Budke Ins i u e o Nuclea Physics, No osibi sk, Russia
6Cali o nia Poly echnic S a e Uni e si y, San Luis Obispo, CA, Uni ed S a es
7Cen al China No mal Uni e si y, Wuhan, China
8Cen e de Calcul de l’IN2P3, Villeu banne, Lyon, F ance
9Cen o de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desa ollo Nuclea (CEADEN), Ha ana, Cuba
10 Cen o de In es igación y de Es udios A anzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico Ci y and Mé ida, Mexico
11 Cen o Fe mi – Museo S o ico della Fisica e Cen o S udi e Rice che “En ico Fe mi”, Rome, I aly
12 Chicago S a e Uni e si y, Chicago, IL, Uni ed S a es
13 China Ins i u e o A omic Ene gy, Beijing, China
14 Chonbuk Na ional Uni e si y, Jeonju, Republic o Ko ea
15 Comenius Uni e si y B a isla a, Facul y o Ma hema ics, Physics and In o ma ics, B a isla a, Slo akia
16 COMSATS Ins i u e o In o ma ion Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakis an
17 C eigh on Uni e si y, Omaha, NE, Uni ed S a es
18 Depa men o Physics, Aliga h Muslim Uni e si y, Aliga h, India
19 Depa men o Physics, Ohio S a e Uni e si y, Columbus, OH, Uni ed S a es
20 Depa men o Physics, Pusan Na ional Uni e si y, Pusan, Republic o Ko ea
21 Depa men o Physics, Sejong Uni e si y, Seoul, Republic o Ko ea
22 Depa men o Physics, Uni e si y o Cali o nia, Be keley, CA, Uni ed S a es
23 Depa men o Physics, Uni e si y o Oslo, Oslo, No way
24 Depa men o Physics and Technology, Uni e si y o Be gen, Be gen, No way
25 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si à ‘La Sapienza’ and Sezione INFN, Rome, I aly
26 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, Caglia i, I aly
27 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, T ies e, I aly
28 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, Tu in, I aly
29 Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, Bologna, I aly
30 Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, Ca ania, I aly
31 Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, Pado a, I aly
32 Dipa imen o di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell’Uni e si à and G uppo Collega o INFN, Sale no, I aly
33 Dipa imen o DISAT del Poli ecnico and Sezione INFN, Tu in, I aly
34 Dipa imen o di Scienze e Inno azione Tecnologica dell’Uni e si à del Piemon e O ien ale and INFN Sezione di To ino, Alessand ia, I aly
35 Dipa imen o In e a eneo di Fisica ‘M. Me lin’ and Sezione INFN, Ba i, I aly
36 Eu opean O ganiza ion o Nuclea Resea ch (CERN), Gene a, Swi ze land
37 Facul y o Elec ical Enginee ing, Mechanical Enginee ing and Na al A chi ec u e, Uni e si y o Spli , Spli , C oa ia
38 Facul y o Enginee ing and Science, Wes e n No way Uni e si y o Applied Sciences, Be gen, No way
39 Facul y o Nuclea Sciences and Physical Enginee ing, Czech Technical Uni e si y in P ague, P ague, Czech Republic
40 Facul y o Science, P.J. Ša á ik Uni e si y, Košice, Slo akia
41 F ank u Ins i u e o Ad anced S udies, Johann Wol gang Goe he-Uni e si ä F ank u , F ank u , Ge many
42 Gangneung-Wonju Na ional Uni e si y, Gangneung, Republic o Ko ea
43 Gauha i Uni e si y, Depa men o Physics, Guwaha i, India
44 Helmhol z-Ins i u ü S ahlen- und Ke nphysik, Rheinische F ied ich-Wilhelms-Uni e si ä Bonn, Bonn, Ge many
45 Helsinki Ins i u e o Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
46 Hi oshima Uni e si y, Hi oshima, Japan
47 Hochschule Wo ms, Zen um ü Technologie ans e und Telekommunika ion (ZTT), Wo ms, Ge many
48 Ho ia Hulubei Na ional Ins i u e o Physics and Nuclea Enginee ing, Bucha es , Romania
49 Indian Ins i u e o Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
50 Indian Ins i u e o Technology Indo e, Indo e, India
51 Indonesian Ins i u e o Sciences, Jaka a, Indonesia