Inclusive J/ψ production in Xe–Xe collisions at √sNN = 5.44 TeV

This is a sel -a chi ed e sion o an o iginal a icle. This e sion may di e om he o iginal in pagina ion and ypog aphic de ails. Au ho (s): Ti le: Yea : Ve sion: Copy igh : Righ s: Righ s u l: Please ci e he o iginal e sion: CC BY 4.0 h ps://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/ Inclusi e J/ψ p oduc ion in Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN = 5.44 TeV © 2018 O ganisa ion eu opéenne pou la eche che nucléai e. Published by Else ie B.V. . Funded by SCOAP3. Published e sion ALICE Collabo a ion ALICE Collabo a ion. (2018). Inclusi e J/ψ p oduc ion in Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN = 5.44 TeV. Physics Le e s B, 785, 419-428. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.physle b.2018.08.047 2018 Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428 Con en s lis s a ailable a ScienceDi ec Physics Le e s B www.else ie .com/loca e/physle b Inclusi e J/ψp oduc ion in Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN =5.44 TeV .ALICE Collabo a ion a i c l e i n o a b s a c A icle his o y: Recei ed 23 May 2018 Recei ed in e ised o m 26 July 2018 Accep ed 23 Augus 2018 A ailable online 31 Augus 2018 Edi o : W.-D. Schla e Inclusi e J/ψp oduc ion is s udied in Xe–Xe in e ac ions a a cen e-o -mass ene gy pe nucleon pai o √sNN =5.44 TeV, using he ALICE de ec o a he CERN LHC. The J/ψmeson is econs uc ed ia i s decay in o a muon pai , in he cen e-o -mass apidi y in e al 2.5 <y <4and down o ze o ans e se momen um. In his Le e , he nuclea modifica ion ac o s RAA o inclusi e J/ψ, measu ed in he cen ali y ange 0–90% as well as in he cen ali y in e als 0–20% and 20–90% a e p esen ed. The RAA alues a e compa ed o p e iously published esul s o Pb–Pb collisions a √sNN =5.02 TeV and o he calcula ion o a anspo model. A good ag eemen is ound be ween Xe–Xe and Pb–Pb esul s as well as be ween da a and he model. ©2018 O ganisa ion eu opéenne pou la eche che nucléai e. Published by Else ie B.V. This is an open access a icle unde he CC BY license (h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3. The s udy o he p oduc ion o qua konium s a es plays an im- po an ole in he cha ac e iza ion o he p ope ies o he Qua k- Gluon Plasma (QGP) [1]. This s a e o ma e , whe e qua ks and gluons a e no confined in o had ons, can be p oduced in hea y- ion collisions a ul a ela i is ic ene gies. Qua konia a e bound s a es o hea y qua k-an iqua k pai s (cha monia, cc and bo omo- nia, bb) and hei p oduc ion a e is significan ly a ec ed by he QGP. In pa icula , he colo o ce esponsible o he binding o hea y qua ks is expec ed o be sc eened in he QGP, leading o a supp ession o qua konium p oduc ion which can be ela ed o he ini ial empe a u e o he sys em [2,3]. In addi ion, a e y high en- e gies, such as hose a ailable a he LHC, he abundan p oduc ion o cha m-an icha m pai s leads o a ecombina ion p ocess, which may occu bo h in he QGP phase o when he sys em cools down and had ons a e o med ou o he ee qua ks and gluons [4,5]. The s udy o he in e play be ween supp ession and ecombina- ion p ocesses o e s he possibili y o a quan i a i e in es iga ion o he exis ence o colo less bound s a es o hea y qua ks in he QGP. An ex ended se o esul s was ob ained o he J/ψ, a cha - monium s a e wi h quan um numbe s JPC =1−−, a LHC ene gies (√sNN =2.76 and 5.02 TeV) in Pb–Pb collisions [6–12]. Compa - ison o hese esul s o heo e ical models [13–17] and o lowe ene gy da a [18,19] a o s he pic u e desc ibed abo e. The s udy o he collision o nuclei ligh e han Pb may gi e addi ional im- po an in o ma ion on he ela i e con ibu ion o supp ession and ecombina ion mechanisms. A s ep in his di ec ion is pe o med in his Le e , whe e fi s esul s on J/ψp oduc ion a LHC ene gies in Xe–Xe, a collision sys- E-mail add ess: alice -publica ions @ce n .ch. em (AXe =129) ligh e han Pb–Pb (APb =208), a e p esen ed. Da a we e collec ed by he ALICE Collabo a ion a he cen e-o - mass ene gy pe nucleon pai √sNN =5.44 TeV, du ing a sho un ca ied ou a he end o 2017. Due o he limi ed in eg a ed luminosi y, Lin ∼0.34 μb−1, he s a is ical unce ain ies a e signi - ican ly la ge han hose o he Pb–Pb esul s [10], bu ne e heless allow a meaning ul compa ison be ween he wo sys ems, in e ms o he nuclea modifica ion ac o RAA. This quan i y is ob ained as he a io be ween he p oduc ion yields in nucleus–nucleus colli- sions and he co esponding p o on–p o on (pp) c oss sec ion, no - malized o he nuclea hickness unc ion TAA[20]. Values o RAA smalle (la ge ) han uni y indica e supp ession (enhancemen ) e - ec s o he pa icle unde s udy. The esul s shown in his Le - e co espond o he cen e-o -mass apidi y ange 2.5 <y <4, a e in eg a ed o e ans e se momen um (pT) and we e ob ained by s udying he J/ψ→μ+μ−decay channel. The nuclea mod- ifica ion ac o is s udied as a unc ion o he cen ali y o he collision [21], exp essed as a pe cen age o he had onic Xe–Xe c oss sec ion. The esul s co espond o inclusi e J/ψp oduc ion, which is he sum o a p omp componen (di ec ly p oduced J/ψ and eed-down om o he cha monium s a es) and a non-p omp componen , due o he decay o pa icles con aining a b qua k. ALICE is he LHC expe imen dedica ed o he s udy o nuclea collisions, and is desc ibed in de ail in Re s. [22,23]. The main de- ec o used in his analysis is a muon spec ome e [24], co e ing he pseudo apidi y ange −4 <η<−2.5.1I includes acking and igge chambe s, and econs uc s muons wi h pTla ge han a 1In he ALICE e e ence ame, he muon spec ome e co e s a nega i e η ange and consequen ly a nega i e y ange. We ha e chosen o p esen ou esul s wi h a posi i e yno a ion. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.physle b.2018.08.047 0370-2693/©2018 O ganisa ion eu opéenne pou la eche che nucléai e. Published by Else ie B.V. This is an open access a icle unde he CC BY license (h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3. 420 ALICE Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428 Fig. 1. Fi s o in a ian mass dis ibu ions o opposi e-sign dimuons, o 0–90% Xe–Xe collisions. In he le panel, he esul o a fi o he aw in a ian mass spec um is shown, while in he igh panel he fi o he same dis ibu ion a e sub ac ion o he mixed-e en backg ound is p esen ed. The fi cu es shown in blue ep esen he sum o he signal and backg ound shapes, while he ed lines co espond o he J/ψsignal and he blue dashed ones o he backg ound (see ex o de ails). (Fo in e p e a ion o he colo s in he figu e(s), he eade is e e ed o he web e sion o his a icle.) gi en h eshold, which is se a he igge le el. In addi ion, he V0 [25], a se o scin illa o de ec o s co e ing 2.8 <η<5.1 and −3.7 <η<−1.7, is used o define he minimum bias (MB) in e - ac ion igge ia a coincidence o signals a posi i e and nega i e η alues. The V0 is also used o he cen ali y es ima e ia a fi o he dis ibu ion o he o al signal ampli udes in he amewo k o he Glaube model [21]. The econs uc ion o he p ima y col- lision e ex is ca ied ou in he wo laye s o he Silicon Pixel De ec o (SPD), he inne mos pa o he Inne T acking Sys em o he expe imen [26], co e ing |η| <2 and |η| <1.4 espec i ely. Finally, ejec ion o non-had onic Xe–Xe collisions is pe o med using he Ze o Deg ee Calo ime e s (ZDC) [27], which iden ifies elec omagne ic in e ac ions, while he V0 de ec s beam-gas col- lisions occu ing ou side he nominal in e ac ion poin egion. The da a analyzed in his Le e a e aken wi h a igge o med by he coincidence o he MB igge signal and o a leas one muon igge ed in he muon spec ome e , wi h a pT=0.5GeV/c h eshold. The defini ion o he igge is less es ic i e han he one usually adop ed o Pb–Pb da a aking (1 GeV/c h eshold and wo de ec ed muons), due o he much smalle ins an aneous lu- minosi y o Xe–Xe collisions. S anda d selec ion c i e ia [10]a e hen applied o such e en s and o he muon candida es. In pa ic- ula , i is equi ed (i) ha wo opposi e-sign acks econs uc ed in he acking chambe s o he muon spec ome e a e ma ched o ack segmen s in he igge sys em, (ii) ha bo h muons belong- ing o he pai (dimuon) ha e −4 <ημ<−2.5, and (iii) ha hei ans e se posi ion Rabs a he end o he had on abso be o he muon spec ome e sa isfies he condi ion 17.6 <Rabs <89.5cm. Finally, he econs uc ed dimuon should lay in he fiducial apid- i y egion o he muon spec ome e , 2.5 <y <4. The nuclea modifica ion ac o RAA o he collision sys em un- de s udy is defined, o he cen ali y in e al i, as Ri AA = Ni J/ψ BRJ/ψ→μ+μ−Ni MB AεiTi AAσpp J/ψ ,(1) whe e Ni J/ψ is he numbe o de ec ed J/ψin he i- h cen ali y in e al, BRJ/ψ→μ+μ−=(5.96 ±0.03)% is he b anching a io o he dimuon decay channel [28], Ni MB is he numbe o MB e en s co esponding o he analyzed igge ed e en sample, Aεiis he p oduc o he de ec o accep ance imes he econs uc ion effi- ciency, Ti AAis he a e age nuclea hickness unc ion [29], and σpp J/ψ is he inclusi e J/ψc oss sec ion o pp collisions, a he same ene gy and in he same kinema ic ange as he Xe–Xe da a. Re- sul s a e gi en o he cen ali y in e al 0–90% and o he wo sub-in e als 0–20% and 20–90%. Excep o he de e mina ion o σpp J/ψ , he o he quan i ies en- e ing he defini ion o RAA a e e alua ed ollowing he same p o- cedu e used o he analysis o he Pb–Pb da a sample and de ailed in Re . [10]. The ex ac ion o NJ/ψ is pe o med wi h wo di e en ap- p oaches. In he fi s , he aw opposi e-sign dimuon in a ian mass dis ibu ion is fi ed wi h a supe posi ion o esonance and back- g ound shapes [30], he o me being uned o Mon e Ca lo (MC) simula ions and he la e co esponding o empi ical unc ions. In he second, he backg ound is es ima ed ia a mixed-e en in- a ian mass dis ibu ion, ob ained om he collec ed sample o muon- igge ed e en s and sub ac ed om he aw spec um [9]. The esul ing dis ibu ion is hen fi ed wi h he sum o a eso- nance shape and a con inuum unc ion accoun ing o he small esidual backg ound componen . Due o he low s a is ical signi - icance o he p esen da a sample, he wid h o he J/ψmeson, which is usually kep as a ee pa ame e in he in a ian mass fi s, is fixed o σJ/ψ =70 MeV/c2, co esponding o he alue o his quan i y ob ained in p e ious analyses [10,31,32]. Fo each o he wo app oaches, se e al fi s we e pe o med a ying he fi mass ange, he signal and backg ound shapes and he J/ψ wid h by ±1MeV/c2. The ob ained alue o he cen ali y in e - al 0–90% is NJ/ψ =241 ±47(s a .) ±26(sys .), whe e he cen al alue and he s a is ical unce ain y co espond o he a e age o he fi esul s and o he a e age o he co esponding s a is i- cal unce ain ies, espec i ely. The sys ema ic unce ain y is ob- ained as he oo mean squa e o he dis ibu ion o he NJ/ψ alues ob ained wi h he a ious fi s. The co esponding alues o he 0–20% and 20–90% cen ali y sub-in e als a e NJ/ψ = 175 ±42(s a .) ±23(sys .) and NJ/ψ =77 ±20(s a .) ±7(sys .), e- spec i ely. Fig. 1shows as an example he esul s o wo fi s o he 0–90% Xe–Xe dimuon in a ian mass dis ibu ion, co esponding o fi ing he aw spec um (le panel) o he mixed-e en backg ound sub- ac ed mass dis ibu ion ( igh panel). The p oduc o he accep ance imes he econs uc ion effi- ciency Aε o J/ψis e alua ed ia a MC simula ion, based on he GEANT3 anspo model [33], which akes in o accoun he ALICE Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428 421 alignmen o he muon spec ome e de ec o s and hei efficiency. The inpu pTand ydis ibu ions o he J/ψaccep ance calcula- ion canno be uned di ec ly o da a, due o he low in eg a ed luminosi y o he da a sample. I is he e o e assumed ha he shape o he yand pTdis ibu ions is simila o di e en collision sys ems in cen ali y in e als co esponding o he same a e age numbe o pa icipan nucleons, weigh ed by he co esponding numbe o nucleon–nucleon collisions, Nw pa . The weigh ing is in oduced o ake in o accoun ha he J/ψp oduc ion c oss sec- ion is p opo ional o he numbe o nucleon–nucleon collisions and ha he e o e he a e age Npa in wide cen ali y bins is sys ema ically shi ed owa ds highe alues. Following his a gu- men , he di e en ial dis ibu ions measu ed in Pb–Pb collisions a √sNN =5.02 TeV [10] o he 20–40% cen ali y ange a e used as inpu dis ibu ion o he MC calcula ion, since Nw pa PbPb,20−40% is equal, wi hin ∼2%, o Nw pa XeXe,0−90%, es ima ed ia a Glaube MC calcula ion. The sys ema ic unce ain y on he J/ψaccep ance alue due o he choice o he J/ψ apidi y and ans e se mo- men um dis ibu ions amoun s o 2% and is e alua ed by choosing al e na i e inpu shapes co esponding o o he Pb–Pb cen ali y anges. Conce ning he econs uc ion efficiency, i sligh ly depends on he collision cen ali y, due o he de ec o occupancy in he muon spec ome e . The e ec was e alua ed in he analysis o Pb–Pb e en s [10]by embedding he simula ed J/ψsignal in o eal e en s co esponding o a ious cen ali ies. Fo his analysis, s a ing om he Pb–Pb esul s, he dec ease in AεXeXe,0−90% wi h espec o a simula ion con aining only J/ψis es ima ed o be 4.2% ( alues o 0–20% and 20–90% cen ali y anges a e 5.5% and 1.6%, espec- i ely). The sys ema ic unce ain y on he econs uc ion efficiency is e alua ed ollowing he p ocedu e used in Re . [10], leading o a 3.6% e ec . The esul ing alue o he p oduc o accep ance imes econ- s uc ion efficiency o J/ψp oduc ion in 0–90% Xe–Xe collisions is AεXeXe,0−90% =0.228 ±0.009(sys .), wi h a negligible s a is ical unce ain y. The no maliza ion ac o NMB is e alua ed by mul iplying he numbe o opposi e-sign dimuon igge s by a ac o Fno m, co - esponding o he in e se o he p obabili y o ha ing a ig- ge ed muon in a MB e en . This quan i y is compu ed om he e en igge inpu in o ma ion and he le el-0 igge mask. The p ocedu e and he e alua ion o he sys ema ic unce ain y a e desc ibed in Re . [10]. The ob ained alue is Fno m =2.428 ± 0.001(s a .) ±0.024(sys .). The e e ence c oss sec ion o he calcula ion o RAA is ob- ained s a ing om he measu ed alue o he inclusi e J/ψc oss sec ion in pp collisions a √s=5.02 TeV [10]. This quan i y is hen co ec ed o accoun o he di e en cen e-o -mass ene gy o he Xe–Xe da a, using an in e pola ion o a ailable ALICE pp esul s a √s=2.76, 5.02, 7, 8 and 13 TeV [32]. The ob ained alue is σpp J/ψ =5.99 ±0.09(s a .) ±0.30(sys .) μb−1, whe e he sys ema ic unce ain y con ains a small e m (0.4%) ela ed o he in e pola- ion p ocedu e, calcula ed as he maximum sp ead be ween esul s ob ained wi h a ious in e pola ing unc ions [34]. The nuclea hickness unc ion TAAis e alua ed o he a - ious cen ali y in e als ia a Glaube model calcula ion, and i s unce ain y is es ima ed by a ying wi hin unce ain ies he den- si y pa ame e s o he Xe nucleus [29,35]. Fo 0–90% cen ali y i s alue amoun s o TAA =3.25 ±0.25 mb−1, while o 0–20% and 20–90% one ob ains TAA =9.90 ±0.62 mb−1and TAA = 1.35 ±0.14 mb−1, espec i ely. Finally, a sys ema ic unce ain y on he defini ion o he cen- ali y in e als is e alua ed by a ying he alue o he V0 signal ampli ude co esponding o 90% cen ali y by ±0.5% and ecalcu- la ing co espondingly he cen ali y in e als. Table 1 Summa y o sys ema ic unce ain ies on he calcula ion o he nu- clea modifica ion ac o s. The acking efficiency e m includes a 1% con ibu ion due o he choice o he χ2cu o he ma ching be ween he in o ma ion o acking and igge de ec o s. All he unce ain ies a e co ela ed among he a ious cen ali y anges, excep hose on he signal ex ac ion, TAAand he defini ion o he cen ali y in e als. Sou ce 0–90% 0–20% 20–90% Signal ex ac ion 11% 13% 8% MC inpu 2% 2% 2% T acking efficiency 2% 2% 2% T igge efficiency 3% 3% 3% Fno m 1% 1% 1% TAA8% 6% 10% Cen ali y 0% 0% 1% pp e e ence 5% 5% 5% Fig. 2. The inclusi e J/ψnuclea modifica ion ac o o Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN = 5.44 TeV. The esul s a e plo ed using as cen ali y a iable Nw pa , ob ained by weigh ing, in each cen ali y in e al, he Npa dis ibu ion wi h he co espond- ing dis ibu ion o he numbe o nucleon–nucleon collisions. The e o ba s ep- esen he s a is ical unce ain ies, he boxes a ound he poin s he unco ela ed sys ema ic unce ain ies. Co ela ed unce ain ies a e shown as a filled box a ound uni y. The esul s a e compa ed wi h he same quan i y o Pb–Pb collisions a √sNN =5.02 TeV [10]and o he esul s o he calcula ion o a anspo model [13, 14]. Fo Pb–Pb, he weigh ing o Npa wi h he numbe o nucleon–nucleon colli- sions was no pe o med, since i leads o a negligible e ec when he cen ali y in e als a e na ow. Table 1shows a summa y o he sys ema ic unce ain ies o he RAA measu emen o he h ee analyzed cen ali y anges. The main con ibu ions come om he es ima e o TAAand om he signal ex ac ion. The o me is domina ed by he unce ain y on he su ace hickness o he Xe nucleus. The la e , being es i- ma ed in a da a-d i en way as de ailed abo e, may su e om he s a is ical limi a ions o he da a sample. The quo ed alues can he e o e be conside ed o be a conse a i e es ima e. The pT-in eg a ed nuclea modifica ion ac o o inclusi e J/ψ p oduc ion in Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN =5.44 TeV, measu ed in 2.5 <y <4 and in he 0–90% cen ali y ange, is RAA = 0.54 ±0.11(s a .) ±0.08(sys .). This alue can be compa ed wi h he co esponding one o Pb–Pb collisions a √sNN =5.02 TeV, RPbPb AA =0.65 ±0.01(s a .) ±0.04(sys .) [10]. Thei a io amoun s o 0.84 ±0.16(s a .) ±0.13(sys .), showing ha he wo alues ag ee wi hin abou 0.8σ. Following he app oach o Re . [9], i can be shown ha he Xe–Xe nuclea modifica ion ac o o p omp J/ψ could be up o 10% highe (lowe ) han he inclusi e RAA i he non-p omp J/ψcomponen om he decays o had ons con aining a b qua k is no (comple ely) supp essed. In Fig. 2 he RAA alues o 0–20% and 20–90% Xe–Xe collisions a e plo ed, and compa ed 422 ALICE Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428 wi h he cen ali y dependence o he nuclea modifica ion ac- o o Pb–Pb collisions [10]. The la e shows, a e a dec ease up o Npa ∼100, a sa u a ion a RAA ∼0.65–0.7 owa ds mo e cen al e en s, and he wo Xe–Xe poin s a e ound o be in ag ee- men , wi hin hei la ge unce ain ies, wi h he Pb–Pb esul s. The Xe–Xe and Pb–Pb esul s a e also compa ed wi h he calcula ion o a anspo model by Du and Rapp [13,14]. A close simila i y o he p edic ed supp ession pa e ns o Pb–Pb and Xe–Xe is obse ed, which ai ly ep oduces he expe imen al esul s. In summa y, we ha e measu ed inclusi e J/ψp oduc ion in Xe–Xe collisions a √sNN =5.44 TeV. Resul s on he nuclea mod- ifica ion ac o s we e gi en o a ious cen ali y selec ions and compa ed o co esponding esul s o Pb–Pb collisions a √sNN = 5.02 TeV and o a heo e ical model. Wi hin he expe imen al un- ce ain ies, a good ag eemen is ound be ween he RAA measu ed in he wo sys ems and wi h he calcula ion. These esul s show ha he ela i e con ibu ion o supp ession and egene a ion p o- cesses is simila o collisions p oducing simila Npa alues om di e en collision sys ems. Acknowledgemen s The ALICE Collabo a ion would like o hank all i s enginee s and echnicians o hei in aluable con ibu ions o he cons uc- ion o he expe imen and he CERN accele a o eams o he ou - s anding pe o mance o he LHC complex. The ALICE Collabo a ion g a e ully acknowledges he esou ces and suppo p o ided by all G id cen es and he Wo ldwide LHC Compu ing G id (WLCG) collabo a ion. The ALICE Collabo a ion acknowledges he ollow- ing unding agencies o hei suppo in building and unning he ALICE de ec o : A.I. Alikhanyan Na ional Science Labo a o y (Ye e- an Physics Ins i u e) Founda ion (ANSL), S a e Commi ee o Sci- ence and Wo ld Fede a ion o Scien is s (WFS), A menia; Aus ian Academy o Sciences and Na ionals i ung ü Fo schung, Technolo- gie und En wicklung, Aus ia; Minis y o Communica ions and High Technologies, Na ional Nuclea Resea ch Cen e , Aze baijan; Conselho Nacional de Desen ol imen o Cien ífico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Uni e sidade Fede al do Rio G ande do Sul (UFRGS), Fi- nanciado a de Es udos e P oje os (Finep) and Fundação de Ampa o à Pesquisa do Es ado de São Paulo (FAPESP), B azil; Minis y o Science & Technology o China (MSTC), Na ional Na u al Science Founda ion o China (NSFC) and Minis y o Educa ion o China (MOEC), China; Minis y o Science and Educa ion, C oa ia; Min- is y o Educa ion, You h and Spo s o he Czech Republic, Czech Republic; The Danish Council o Independen Resea ch – Na u- al Sciences, he Ca lsbe g Founda ion and Danish Na ional Re- sea ch Founda ion (DNRF), Denma k; Helsinki Ins i u e o Physics (HIP), Finland; Commissa ia à l’Ene gie A omique (CEA) and Ins i- u Na ional de Physique Nucléai e e de Physique des Pa icules (IN2P3) and Cen e Na ional de la Reche che Scien ifique (CNRS), F ance; Bundesminis e ium ü Bildung, Wissenscha , Fo schung und Technologie (BMBF) and GSI Helmhol zzen um ü Schw- e ionen o schung GmbH, Ge many; Gene al Sec e a ia o Re- sea ch and Technology, Minis y o Educa ion, Resea ch and Reli- gions, G eece; Na ional Resea ch, De elopmen and Inno a ion O - fice, Hunga y; Depa men o A omic Ene gy, Go e nmen o India (DAE), Depa men o Science and Technology, Go e nmen o India (DST), Uni e si y G an s Commission, Go e nmen o India (UGC) and Council o Scien ific and Indus ial Resea ch (CSIR), India; In- donesian Ins i u e o Science, Indonesia; Cen o Fe mi – Museo S o ico della Fisica e Cen o S udi e Rice che En ico Fe mi and Is i- u o Nazionale di Fisica Nuclea e (INFN), I aly; Ins i u e o Inno a- i e Science and Technology, Nagasaki Ins i u e o Applied Science (IIST), Japan Socie y o he P omo ion o Science (JSPS) KAKENHI and Japanese Minis y o Educa ion, Cul u e, Spo s, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia (CONA- CYT) y Tecnología, h ough Fondo de Coope ación In e nacional en Ciencia y Tecnología (FONCICYT) and Di ección Gene al de Asun- os del Pe sonal Academico (DGAPA), Mexico; Nede landse O gan- isa ie oo We enschappelijk Onde zoek (NWO), Ne he lands; The Resea ch Council o No way, No way; Commission on Science and Technology o Sus ainable De elopmen in he Sou h (COMSATS), Pakis an; Pon ificia Uni e sidad Ca ólica del Pe ú, Pe u; Minis y o Science and Highe Educa ion and Na ional Science Cen e, Poland; Ko ea Ins i u e o Science and Technology In o ma ion and Na ional Resea ch Founda ion o Ko ea (NRF), Republic o Ko ea; Minis y o Educa ion and Scien ific Resea ch, Ins i u e o A omic Physics and Romanian Na ional Agency o Science, Technology and Inno a ion, Romania; Join Ins i u e o Nuclea Resea ch (JINR), Minis y o Educa ion and Science o he Russian Fede a ion and Na ional Re- sea ch Cen e Ku cha o Ins i u e, Russia; Minis y o Educa ion, Science, Resea ch and Spo o he Slo ak Republic, Slo akia; Na- ional Resea ch Founda ion o Sou h A ica, Sou h A ica; Cen o de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desa ollo Nuclea (CEADEN), Cubaen- e gía, Cuba and Cen o de In es igaciones Ene gé icas, Medioambi- en ales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Spain; Swedish Resea ch Council (VR) and Knu & Alice Wallenbe g Founda ion (KAW), Sweden; Eu- opean O ganiza ion o Nuclea Resea ch, Swi ze land; Na ional Science and Technology De elopmen Agency (NSDTA), Su ana ee Uni e si y o Technology (SUT) and Office o he Highe Educa- ion Commission unde NRU p ojec o Thailand, Thailand; Tu kish A omic Ene gy Agency (TAEK), Tu key; Na ional Academy o Sci- ences o Uk aine, Uk aine; Science and Technology Facili ies Coun- cil (STFC), Uni ed Kingdom; Na ional Science Founda ion o he Uni ed S a es o Ame ica (NSF) and Uni ed S a es Depa men o Ene gy, Office o Nuclea Physics (DOE NP), Uni ed S a es o Ame - ica. 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Ke ze 44, Z. Khabano a90, A.M. Khan7, S. Khan 18, S.A. Khan139, A. Khanzadee 96, Y. Kha lo 91, A. Kha un18, A. Khun ia50, M.M. Kielbowicz 116, B. Kileng38, B. Kim 130, D. Kim145, D.J. Kim125, E.J. Kim 14, H. Kim145, J.S. Kim 42, J. Kim102, M. Kim 61,102, S. Kim21, T. Kim 145, T. Kim 145, S. Ki sch41, I. Kisel41, S. Kisele 65, A. Kisiel140, J.L. Klay6, C. Klein70, J. Klein 36,59, C. Klein-Bösing142, S. Klewin102, A. Kluge36, M.L. Knichel36, A.G. Knospe 124, C. Kobdaj 113, M. Ko a ago143, M.K. Köhle 102, T. Kollegge 104, N. Kond a ye a92, E. Kond a yuk91, A. Kone skikh63, M. Konyushikhin141, O. Ko alenko 85, V. Ko alenko138, M. Kowalski 116, I. K álik 66, A. K a ˇ cáko á40, L. K eis104, M. K i da 66,108, F. K izek 94, M. K üge 70, E. K yshen96, M. K zewicki 41, A.M. Kube a19, V. Kuˇ ce a94,61, C. Kuhn133, P.G. Kuije 90, J. Kuma 49, L. Kuma 98, S. Kuma 49, S. Kundu86, P. Ku ash ili85, A. Ku epin63, A.B. Ku epin63, A. Ku yakin106, S. Kushpil94, J. K apil108, M.J. Kweon 61, Y. Kwon 145, S.L. La Poin e 41, P. La Rocca30, Y.S. Lai 80, I. Lakomo 36, R. Langoy 122, K. Lapidus144, C. La a75, A. La deux23, P. La iono 52, E. Laudi36, R. La icka39, R. Lea27, L. Lea dini102, S. Lee145, F. Lehas 90, S. Lehne 111, J. Leh bach41, R.C. Lemmon93, I. León Monzón 118, P. Lé ai 143, X. Li 13, X.L. Li7, J. Lien122, R. Lie a a 108, B. Lim20, S. Lindal23, V. Lindens u h41, S.W. Lindsay126, C. Lippmann 104, M.A. Lisa19, V. Li iche skyi 45, A. Liu80, H.M. Ljungg en81, W.J. Llope 141, D.F. Loda o64, V. Logino 92, C. Loizides 95,80, P. Lonca 37, X. Lopez131, E. López To es9, A. Lowe143, P. Lue ig70, J.R. Luhde 142, M. Luna don31, G. Lupa ello60, M. Lupi36, A. Mae skaya 63, M. Mage 36, S.M. Mahmood23, A. Mai e133, R.D. Majka 144, M. Malae 96, Q.W. Malik 23, L. Malinina 76,iii, D. Mal’Ke ich65, P. Malzache 104, A. Mamono 106, V. Manko88, F. Manso131, V. Manza i 53, Y. Mao 7, M. Ma chisone128,74,132, J. Ma eš68, G.V. Ma gaglio i27, ALICE Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428 425 A. Ma go i54, J. Ma gu i64, A. Ma ín104, C. Ma ke 117, M. Ma qua d70, N.A. Ma in104, P. Ma inengo36, J.L. Ma inez 124, M.I. Ma ínez2, G. Ma ínez Ga cía112, M. Ma inez Ped ei a36, S. Masciocchi104, M. Mase a28, A. Masoni55, L. Massac ie 62, E. Masson112, A. Mas ose io53,135, A.M. Ma his115,103, P.F.T. Ma uoka 119, A. Ma yja116,127, C. Maye 116, M. Mazzilli 35, M.A. Mazzoni58, F. Meddi25, Y. Melikyan 92, A. Menchaca-Rocha73, E. Meninno32, J. Me cado Pé ez 102, M. Me es15, C.S. Meza109, S. Mhlanga123, Y. Miake130, L. Michele i28, M.M. Mieskolainen45, D.L. Mihaylo 103, K. Mikhaylo 65,76, A. Mischke 64, A.N. Mish a71, D. Mi´ skowiec104, J. Mi a139, C.M. Mi u69, N. Mohammadi36, A.P. Mohan y64, B. Mohan y86, M. Mohisin Khan 18,i , D.A. Mo ei a De Godoy142, L.A.P. Mo eno2, S. Mo e o31, A. Mo eale112, A. Mo sch36, V. Mucci o a 52, E. Mudnic 37, D. Mühlheim142, S. Muhu i139, M. Mukhe jee 4, J.D. Mulligan144, M.G. Munhoz 119, K. Münning44, M.I.A. Munoz80, R.H. Munze 70, H. Mu akami129, S. Mu ay 74, L. Musa36, J. Musinsky66, C.J. Mye s124, J.W. My cha 140, B. Naik 49, R. Nai 85, B.K. Nandi 49, R. Nania54,11, E. Nappi53, A. Na ayan49, M.U. Na u16, A.F. Nassi pou 81, H. Na al da Luz119, C. Na ass 127, S.R. Na a o2, K. Nayak86, R. Nayak49, T.K. Nayak 139, S. Naza enko106, R.A. Neg ao De Oli ei a 70,36, L. Nellen71, S.V. Nesbo38, G. Nesko ic41, F. Ng 124, M. Nicassio104, J. Niedziela140,36, B.S. Nielsen89, S. Nikolae 88, S. Nikulin 88, V. Nikulin 96, F. No e ini11,54, P. Nomokono 76, G. Noo en 64, J.C.C. No is2, J. No man79, A. Nyanin88, J. Nys and24, H. Oh145, A. Ohlson 102, J. Oleniacz140, A.C. Oli ei a Da Sil a119, M.H. Oli e 144, J. Onde waa e 104, C. Oppedisano 59, R. O a a 45, M. O a ec114, A. O iz Velasquez71, A. Oska sson81, J. O winowski116, K. Oyama 82, Y. Pachmaye 102, V. Pacik89, D. Pagano 137, G. Pai´ c71, P. Palni 7, J. Pan 141, A.K. Pandey49, S. Panebianco134, V. Papikyan 1, P. 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Suaide119, T. Sugi a e46, C. Sui e62, M. Suleymano 16, M. Suljic 36,27, R. Sul ano 65, M. Šumbe a94, S. Sumowidagdo 51, K. Suzuki111, S. Swain 67, A. Szabo15, I. Sza ka15, U. Tabassam 16, J. Takahashi 120, G.J. Tamba e24, N. Tanaka 130, M. Ta hini112, M. Ta iq18, M.G. Ta zila48, A. Tau o36, G. Tejeda Muñoz2, A. Telesca36, C. Te e oli31, B. Teyssie 132, D. Thaku 50, S. Thaku 139, D. Thomas117, 426 ALICE Collabo a ion / Physics Le e s B 785 (2018) 419–428 F. Tho esen89, R. Tieulen 132, A. Tikhono 63, A.R. Timmins124, A. Toia70, N. Topilskaya 63, M. Toppi 52, S.R. To es118, S. T ipa hy 50, S. T ogolo 28, G. T ombe a35, L. T opp40, V. T ubniko 3, W.H. T zaska 125, T.P. T zcinski140, B.A. T zeciak64, T. Tsuji 129, A. Tumkin106, R. Tu isi 57, T.S. T e e 23, K. Ullaland 24, E.N. Umaka 124, A. U as132, G.L. Usai26, A. U obicic97, M. Vala 114, J.W. Van Hoo ne36, M. an Leeuwen64, P. Vande Vy e36, D. Va ga143, A. Va gas2, M. Va gyas125, R. Va ma49, M. Vasileiou84, A. Vasilie 88, A. 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Alikhanyan Na ional Science Labo a o y (Ye e an Physics Ins i u e) Founda ion, Ye e an, A menia 2Benemé i a Uni e sidad Au ónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico 3Bogolyubo Ins i u e o Theo e ical Physics, Na ional Academy o Sciences o Uk aine, Kie , Uk aine 4Bose Ins i u e, Depa men o Physics and Cen e o As opa icle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolka a, India 5Budke Ins i u e o Nuclea Physics, No osibi sk, Russia 6Cali o nia Poly echnic S a e Uni e si y, San Luis Obispo, CA, Uni ed S a es 7Cen al China No mal Uni e si y, Wuhan, China 8Cen e de Calcul de l’IN2P3, Villeu banne, Lyon, F ance 9Cen o de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desa ollo Nuclea (CEADEN), Ha ana, Cuba 10 Cen o de In es igación y de Es udios A anzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico Ci y and Mé ida, Mexico 11 Cen o Fe mi – Museo S o ico della Fisica e Cen o S udi e Rice che “En ico Fe mi”, Rome, I aly 12 Chicago S a e Uni e si y, Chicago, IL, Uni ed S a es 13 China Ins i u e o A omic Ene gy, Beijing, China 14 Chonbuk Na ional Uni e si y, Jeonju, Republic o Ko ea 15 Comenius Uni e si y B a isla a, Facul y o Ma hema ics, Physics and In o ma ics, B a isla a, Slo akia 16 COMSATS Ins i u e o In o ma ion Technology (CIIT), Islamabad, Pakis an 17 C eigh on Uni e si y, Omaha, NE, Uni ed S a es 18 Depa men o Physics, Aliga h Muslim Uni e si y, Aliga h, India 19 Depa men o Physics, Ohio S a e Uni e si y, Columbus, OH, Uni ed S a es 20 Depa men o Physics, Pusan Na ional Uni e si y, Pusan, Republic o Ko ea 21 Depa men o Physics, Sejong Uni e si y, Seoul, Republic o Ko ea 22 Depa men o Physics, Uni e si y o Cali o nia, Be keley, CA, Uni ed S a es 23 Depa men o Physics, Uni e si y o Oslo, Oslo, No way 24 Depa men o Physics and Technology, Uni e si y o Be gen, Be gen, No way 25 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si à ‘La Sapienza’ and Sezione INFN, Rome, I aly 26 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, Caglia i, I aly 27 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, T ies e, I aly 28 Dipa imen o di Fisica dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, Tu in, I aly 29 Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, Bologna, I aly 30 Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, Ca ania, I aly 31 Dipa imen o di Fisica e As onomia dell’Uni e si à and Sezione INFN, Pado a, I aly 32 Dipa imen o di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell’Uni e si à and G uppo Collega o INFN, Sale no, I aly 33 Dipa imen o DISAT del Poli ecnico and Sezione INFN, Tu in, I aly 34 Dipa imen o di Scienze e Inno azione Tecnologica dell’Uni e si à del Piemon e O ien ale and INFN Sezione di To ino, Alessand ia, I aly 35 Dipa imen o In e a eneo di Fisica ‘M. Me lin’ and Sezione INFN, Ba i, I aly 36 Eu opean O ganiza ion o Nuclea Resea ch (CERN), Gene a, Swi ze land 37 Facul y o Elec ical Enginee ing, Mechanical Enginee ing and Na al A chi ec u e, Uni e si y o Spli , Spli , C oa ia 38 Facul y o Enginee ing and Science, Wes e n No way Uni e si y o Applied Sciences, Be gen, No way 39 Facul y o Nuclea Sciences and Physical Enginee ing, Czech Technical Uni e si y in P ague, P ague, Czech Republic 40 Facul y o Science, P.J. Ša á ik Uni e si y, Košice, Slo akia 41 F ank u Ins i u e o Ad anced S udies, Johann Wol gang Goe he-Uni e si ä F ank u , F ank u , Ge many 42 Gangneung-Wonju Na ional Uni e si y, Gangneung, Republic o Ko ea 43 Gauha i Uni e si y, Depa men o Physics, Guwaha i, India 44 Helmhol z-Ins i u ü S ahlen- und Ke nphysik, Rheinische F ied ich-Wilhelms-Uni e si ä Bonn, Bonn, Ge many 45 Helsinki Ins i u e o Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland 46 Hi oshima Uni e si y, Hi oshima, Japan 47 Hochschule Wo ms, Zen um ü Technologie ans e und Telekommunika ion (ZTT), Wo ms, Ge many 48 Ho ia Hulubei Na ional Ins i u e o Physics and Nuclea Enginee ing, Bucha es , Romania 49 Indian Ins i u e o Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India 50 Indian Ins i u e o Technology Indo e, Indo e, India 51 Indonesian Ins i u e o Sciences, Jaka a, Indonesia