MOKSLO
KALBOS
KULTUROS
IR
TERMINOLOGIJOS
PROBLEMOS
LIETUVIU
KALBOTYROS
KLAUSIMAI,
XXIV
(1985)
TATbAHA
JIEOHHOBHA
KAHJEJIAKH
O
THMAX
TEPMHHOJIOTHYECKHX
®OH]OB
B
mpouecce
opmuposanua
Tepmunono ui
Ha
HalHOHAJIbHBIX
A3HIKaX
Ha-
pogos
CCCP
6oapmioe
sHayeHne
umee
TepMuHoso n4ecKHi
ouy
pyccko o
SisbIKa.
Pycckunli
s3bIk
—
a3bIK
Hame o
MexHanuonamBHo o
oOuenua.
On
cayxuT
TAKKE
CPCACTBOM
OUIMaJDUBIX,
TOCyLapCTBeHHHIX,
AHIMOMATH4eCKHX,
Ha-
YAHBIX,
KYbTYPHBIX,
TOP OBHX
M
HHEIX
OTHOMeHHi
c
Apy uMu
cTpaHamu.
Pycckui
a3b1k
—
onnH
u3
wecTH
OPuunanbubIx
a3biKoB
Op anusannu
OOb-
eaunenubix
Hauuii
u
npeac apase
cope cKyi0
Hayky,
JIMTepa ypy,
ucKyc-
cTBO
3a
pyOexom.
OH
mpHHayexUT
K
MMpOBbIM
cAcTeMaM
KOMMYHHKalHH
(paquo-
u
Texenepeqaun,
apua-
H
KocMu4ecKHe
coo6meHus).
Pycckui
a3biK
umee
ayOoKko
paspaOo aHube
noMATHIHEIe
H
CooTBeTCT-
BeHHO
—
TCPMHHOJO M4eCKHe
CHCTEMHI,
CBASAHHbI€
C
H3Y4CHHeM
NPHpPOAB
H
OOUlecTBa,
ECTECTBEHHEIX,
TeXHHYeCKHX
HM
OOMLECTBEHHEIX
HayK,
JHTepaTypbi
H
HCKYCCTBa.
Pycckue
TepmMuHomo uyeckue
cucTemb
SauKCHpOBaHB
B
pyccKol
Hay4-
Hol
uM
yueOHOH
auTepa ype,
B
pyccKoli
TepMHHO paduu,
B
ynopsqoueHHEIX
TepMHHOJO HAX
—
COOPHUKAaX
PeKOMeHYeMBIX
TepMHHOB
ocyapcTBeHHEIXx
CTaHAapTax
Ha
TePMHHEI
H
Onpesesenua.
:
Al.
C.
Jlo e
—
ocuosononoxunK
coBe cKoi
TCPMHHONO HYeCKOH
IIKONHI,
HOCTYJIHPOBA
NOAXOL
K
HHOASHIYHOMy
TepMHHY
(3aMMcTByemomy,
ynopayo-
THBAaCMOMY
HIM
MpOCTO
HcHOMb3yeMOMy)
KaK
WIeHY
KOHKpeTHO
TepMHHO-
NO HuecKkoli
CHCTeMEI.
Ox
pacnpoc paHna
BELABHHYTHe
uM
men
O
cuc emHocTu
TepMHHONO HH
(B
maa ie
coxepxKanua
u
B
Mane
BbIpaxKeHHA)
Ha
Mpolecc
3aMMcTBOBaHHA
IIpH
Co3aHHH
H
ynopsouenuu
TepMuHo o ui .
TIponece
pacema pusanca
um
Kak
ssaumogeiic aue
ABYX
TePpMHHOWO H-
4eCKHX
CHCTEM,
MepBad
H3
KOTOPLIX
—
TepMHHOMO MuecKan
CHCTeMa
A3HIKa-
HCTOYHHKa
(WJICHOM
ee
ABJAeTCA
3auMcTByeMBIi
TePMUH
Cc
onpeseneHHol
<ceTKOH>
3Ha¥eHHi
H
TepMuHO2MeMeHTaMu,
OOpa3syioMluMH
e o
meKCHKO-ce-
MaHTH4eCKylo
CTpyKTypy),
a
BTOpas
—
npuHuMaioulaa, 3aHMCTBylollaa
Tep-
MHHONOPHNeCKad
CHCTeMa Apy o o
A3sbika.
B
npunumaiome
epmMunono nyeckosi
cuc eme
BOKpy
Oyzymle o
sHayeHHA
SaMMCTByeMO O
TepMUHa
aBTOP
Kak
Obl
OYepYHBaeT
<ccbepy>
us
sHaueHui .
CBASAHHBIX
C
HHM
H
y2Ke
CYMLeCTBYIOMAX
B
NAHHOM
A3bIKe
TepMHHOB
(O,HOFO
64
KaCCHUKAalMOHHOLO
pala,
en0 o
H
e o
YacTeli
u
Apy ux
THMOB
OTHOMeHUE
Mex
Ly
OObeKTaMH
HasbiBaHHs).
Tipu
oueHKe
TepMuHa-3aMMCTBOBaHUA
HM
IpuBsAcKaloTCA:
1)
aeKcuKo-ceManTuueckaa
cTpykTypa
TepMuHoB,
cBAgaHABIx
c
Lanne
MOHATHEM;
2)
cTpykTypa
COOTHOCHMBIX
C
JaHHbIM
TepMHHOM
CHHOHHMOB
u
Ry
6ne os;
3)
c eleHb
«e€HHCTBCHHOCTH»—<MHOxmeCTBEHHOCTHY
janHo o
TepMHHa
HJM
TEPMHHOSJEMeHTAa
B
34HMCTBYIOM
eH
TepMHHOWO HH;
4)
xapak Tep
cocTaBisi0lMx
TepMHH
TepMuHO2eMeHTOB
(«yxe
ObITy10-
IHX»
HJM
<He
ObITYIOMMX>
B
ABZBIKe)
HM
HEKOT.
Jp.
Tlogpo6xo
konuennua
JI.
C.
Jlo e
usaoxKena
B
e o
Mono paduu
«<Bo-
MpOCbl
3aMMCTBOBAHHA
HW
YNOPAOVHHA
MHOASKIMHEIX
TepMHHOB
HW
TePMHHO-
9N€MCHTOB>,
Bbiemel
B
1982
.
B
usqaTemcTBe
«Hayxap.
B
aByx
B3aHMOeicTByIONIMX
TepMHHONO H4eCKHX
CHcTemax
—
pyccKOli
asbika
Hapowos
CCCP
—
coppemenubimu
MccaeqOBaTeAMM
BbIeNeHE
Npes-
MeTHO-NOHATHHHBbIe
COBOKYMHOCTH
TepMHHOB,
BBINOMHAIOMIHe
pa3zH4Hble
3a-
aun
B
MacuiTaGe
cTpaHb .
IIpu
paspa6o ke
nu
yHupuKkaluy
TepMHHOJO Hi
Ha
A3bIKax
Haponop
CCCP
HeOOXOJUMO
IpeABapHTebHO
BEIABHTb
ee
COCTaB
HM
OObeM,
ONpesenaioNIHe
Pa3NHYHEIH
NOLXOL
K
TOH
HAH
Apy o
pynne
TepMHHoB.
TIpw
9TOM,
BHAHMO,
MO yT
OBITS
BEIAeeHLI
TPH
TEPMMHOO H4ecKHX
ou-
Ma:
A.
Doug,
o6uMi
m0
OObemy
AMA
BCex
HapoOB
Hamel
c panH,
KOTOpHIH
BKJMOUACT
TEPMHHHI,
OTPaxkaloulwe
couMamHCTHYeCKyI0
CHcTemy
(OOMIHH
AA
Bcex
Hapo oB
CoBeTcKOl
cTpaHbl
yKa
%KH3HH,
9KOHOMHKY,
KyJbTypy
—
9TO
HOHATHA,
CBASAHHBIe
C
OOOPOHOH,
TpaHCNOpTOM,
CBASbIO,
Mpeccok,
ocy-
apcTBeHHOH
TOp oBJeli,
MeAHIHHCKHM
OOCJyKHBaHHeM,
HapOdHEIM
OOpa-
30BaHHeM,
HCKYCCTBOM,
JIMTepaTypoli,
cmopTom).
B.
®ouy
TepMHHOB
HayKH,
MpOH3BONCTBa,
HHAYCTpHaM3HPOBaHHO O
CeJb-
CKO O
XO3slicTBa
—
pa3s1M4HbI
NO
OObeMy
JIA
Kax
TO
peciyOMHKy;
e o
Co-
CTaB
3aBHCHT
OT
KOHKPeTHBIX
BHJOB
HayKH,
OTPacwel
NPOMBIMIMeHHOCTH
H
HHAYCTPHaNM3HpOBaHHOTO
CesbCKOTO
XOS3AiiCTBa,
PasBHBaeMBIX
B
KaxKOli
OTAebHOM
pecnyO1HKe,
CTeNeHH
UX
pasBUTHA.
B.
Mong,
xapak epu3ylomui
cneupuky
aHHo o
Hapowa
—
HalHoHalb-
Hblii
yKJlay|
KH3HH,
TpaqHuHH,
OOpALb
H
OObI4aH,
HapOAHOe
TBOPYeCTBO,
Ha-
POHbIe
BHAI
copTa
H
Tp.
Tip
B3auMojelicTBHH
ABYX
TepMMHOMO MYeCKHX
CHCTeM
—
pycCKOli
HW
Ha-
I[MOHAAbHOM
—
NPHHUMM
MHHMMAJBbHBIX
pacXOMMeCHHH
TePMHHOJO Hi
NposB-
ameTcs
peje
Bce o
B
Ce€MaHTHYeCKOH
HeHTHYHOCTH
UX
COJepxAaHHii,
B
IIPHHATHH
CAHHOM
NOHATHHHOH
OCHOBbI
BCexX
TEPMMHONO MYeCKUX
CHCTEM.
Haunonaapubie
a3biku
Hapo os
CCCP
capo
oTmMYalOTCA
B
Mane
BBI-
PpaxKeHHA
10
MHCbMeHHBIM
TpaAHIHAM,
HCTOPH4YeCKOMY
OMbITy
HX
PasBHTHA
Kak
JUTepaTyPHEIX
A3bIKOB,
10
CTPyKTYPHO-THNOMO HyeCKHM
OCOOeHHOCTSAM,
IIpOucCxow
AeHHIO
H
OGbeMy
OOMeECTBCHHEIX
PyHKUMI.
5
Uisak.
N .
1007
65
Tos omy
pazunun
TePMHHOTBOPYeCTBa
BecbMa
pasHooOpasHul.
TepMuHHBI,
OTHOCHIIHeca
K
bouny
A,
w
Tepmuun
ouna
B
umew
ec ec -
BeHHYIO
TeHJCHILMIO
K
CONMKEHHIO
HB
TaHe
BbIPaxkenua.
Tlos omy
nomumo
ucnonpsonanna
HalMOHAJbHO O
JeKCHYeCKO O
MaTepna-
7a
BO
BC€X
HalHOHATbHBIX
TepMHHOJOTHAX
B
pasHol
c eneHu
mo y
mpn-
cy c BopaTs:
|)
saMMcTBoBaHua
u3
pyccKux
TepMHHONO HH
(B
TOM
YHCVIe:
PYCCKUX
TePMHHOB,
NOCTPOeHHBIX
U3
peKO-NaTHNCKHX
QJIEMCHTOB;
pyccKHx
SaMMCTBOBAHHI
U3
COBpeMeHHBIX
MHOCTPaHHBIx
ASBIKOB,
a
TaK2Ke
TePMHHOB
HCKOHHO
PyCCKOTO
MpoucxoxX
ena
—c
pasHoil
c eneHbIO
lepeobopM.1enus)
;
2)
Kambku
¢
pycckux
TepmuHos;
3)
onucaTenpubie
mepeBogs
pyccKux
Tep-
MHHOB.
Tepmunoso uyeckne
cuc ems
jaa
HaykH,
MPOMSBOAcTBa,
HNAycTpHanusH-
POBaHHO O
CeAbCKOTO
XOSsiicTBa,
Kak
U3BeCTHO,
paspaGa biBai cs
a9
06-
wacTell,
XApaKTePHBIX
1A
LaHHol
pecnyOuku.
OqHako
B
Hac os ee
Bpema
NPakTHKa
NOBCeAHeBHOH
paOoTH
NOKasbIBaeT,
YTO
OOMECTBREHHEeE
cyuKuan
HaUMOHaIbHBIX
ASbIKOB
Hapoyos
CCCP
yxe
pe6yio
OoubmMi,
jonomHu-
TEIBHBIA
(POH
TePMUHOB
10
caMbIM
Pa3IMYHBIM
OTPacIAM
SHAaHUA,
BEIXOLA-
iui
3a
Wpexeap
paspaGaTupaemu x
obnac ei
SHaHHA
M
BHAOB
mpousBo -
CTBa.
:
Ha
cosemanun
«IIpo6neme
Paspa6o ku
u
ynopsqouenua
TepMunono un
B
akajlemuax
Hay
COIOSHBIX
pecnyOuuK>
(MockBa,
map
1981
.)
A.
9.
Bann:
KeHa
OCTA@HOBHJIach
Ha
STOM
aBseHHH.
Onupasch
na
jaMnnie
aTHILUICKO O
AsbiKa,
OHA
NOKa3aqa,
YTO
B
xyJO*RecTBeHHO!
auTepa ype,
B
mpecce,
Ha
pa-
AUO
H
TeACBHACHHH
WIHPOKO
ucnOMDsywTes
WaTHIUICKHe
TCPMUHBI
OTpacaeii
MPOMSBOACTBa,
KOTOpbie
oTCyTCTBYyIOT
B
JlaTBUU.
Takum
o6pagom,
B
JononHenne
x
ouzy
5,
sksiowaiomemy
cuc emy
ep-
MHHOB
HayKH
BW
MPOWSBOACTBA,
BINBAIOTCH
OMMHOUHIe
TepMHHBI.
Tiepex
epmunono amu
co1s3Hp x
pecnyOnuK
c ouT
HoBas
sazaya
—
pas-
paoo aTb
IIpHHNHUL
BBeAeHHA
B
HAHONAMDABIe
A3LIKH
He
TOJbKO
WeJbIx
Tep-
MHHOCHCTeM
(KaK
9TO
6bIO
0
ce o
BpemeHH),
HO
H
OAMHOUHEIX
TePMHHOB,
He
HMeloulux
HepeqKO
ONOpBI
B
CyUecTByIONINX
TePMHHONOPHAX,
Eguuc senipii
npapnababii
ny s
B
aanHoM
cny4ae
—
HCXO2UTb
43
BbI-
“suny oH
Jl.
C.
Jlo e
uaeu
o
p3anmogeiic aun
AByX
TepMuHOO M4ecKux
cucTeM.
66