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Abdullaye a Dilnoza Bahodi qizi
Mas e o Educa ion Managemen , TSUE
E-mail: dilnozasalimo a97@mail. u
Go e nmen Mechanisms o Suppo Small En ep eneu ship: Compa a i e
Analysis and P ac ical Insigh s
Abs ac
This a icle p esen s a concise analy ical e iew o go e nmen suppo mechanisms o
small and medium-sized en e p ises (SMEs) in Uzbekis an, Russia, and he Uni ed S a es
in 2024. The pape examines inancing ools, in as uc u e measu es, and digi al se ices,
and e alua es he e ec i eness o hese mechanisms based on key indica o s.
Recommenda ions a e p o ided o implemen ing moni o ing sys ems, imp o ing p ojec
selec ion c i e ia, and expanding egional in as uc u e. The ma e ial includes a able o
key indica o s and wo compa a i e cha s.
In oduc ion
Small and medium-sized en e p ises play a i al ole in economic lexibili y and job
c ea ion. Go e nmen suppo emains a c i ical ac o , pa icula ly in pe iods o s uc u al
change and pos -c isis eco e y. The goal o his s udy is o iden i y he mos e ec i e
p ac ices and p o ide ac ionable ecommenda ions ha can be applied in coun ies wi h
di e en le els o ins i u ional de elopmen .
Me hodology
The analysis elies on o icial s a is ics and epo s om 2023–2025. Key compa ison
me ics include SME sha e o GDP, numbe o en e p ises, p ima y inancing p og ams,
and in as uc u e suppo measu es. The app oach combines quan i a i e compa isons
wi h quali a i e assessmen o policy implemen a ion.
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Key Indica o s o 2024
Figu e 1. SME sha e o GDP by coun y, 2024
Figu e 2. Numbe o SMEs, la es a ailable da a
Coun y
SME Sha e o
GDP
Numbe o
SMEs
Main Ins umen s
Uzbekis an
54.3%
643,851
Simpli ied ax sys em,
concessional loans,
digi al se ices
Russia
21.7%
≈ 6,590,000
In e es a e subsidies,
suppo cen e s, g an s
Uni ed S a es
43.5%
34,800,000
C edi gua an ees,
mic oloans, R&D g an s
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Analysis o E ec i eness
Uzbekis an shows a high SME sha e o GDP (54.3%), e lec ing a b oad base o
mic oen e p ises and ag icul u al i ms. The coun y bene i s om apid digi aliza ion o
egis a ion and c edi se ices bu lacks a uni ied moni o ing and e alua ion sys em,
which limi s he abili y o ack business su i al a es and e enue g ow h a e ecei ing
go e nmen suppo .
Russia eco ds a la ge numbe o egis e ed SMEs wi h a ela i ely low GDP con ibu ion.
This indica es low a e age p o i abili y and s ong egional dispa i ies. Many p og ams
ocus on subsidized lending, bu hei e u n on in es men needs ca e ul e alua ion.
The Uni ed S a es combines c edi gua an ees wi h a well-de eloped p i a e ecosys em,
ensu ing a highe GDP sha e and job c ea ion. Go e nmen ins umen s complemen
ma ke inancing and emphasize ou come measu emen .
C i ical Gaps and Risks
Uzbekis an lacks a na ionwide moni o ing sys em o e alua e p og am e ec i eness.
Russia aces bu eauc a ic hu dles and une en egional pe o mance. In he Uni ed S a es,
access o inance emains challenging in dep essed and emo e a eas. All h ee coun ies
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ace a sho age o eliable da a on he su i al a es and e enue g ow h o businesses
ecei ing go e nmen suppo .
Recommenda ions
1. Es ablish a public moni o ing dashboa d wi h open da a on bene icia ies, unding
amoun s, and su i al indica o s.
2. Re ise p ojec selec ion c i e ia o p io i ize expec ed economic e u ns and scaling
po en ial a he han applica ion olume.
3. Expand egional in as uc u e h ough mobile incuba o s and ou each consul ing
se ices.
4. Pilo e u n-on-in es men e alua ions o key p og ams in selec ed egions and use
indings o budge ealloca ion.
5. Suppo mic o inance and dedica ed p og ams o en ep eneu s om ulne able
g oups.
Conclusion
Comp ehensi e SME suppo is mos e ec i e when inancial measu es a e combined
wi h in as uc u e and obus moni o ing. The p oposed s eps can imp o e anspa ency,
enhance p ojec selec ion quali y, and inc ease he e u n on go e nmen in es men in he
SME sec o .
Re e ences
1. Iz es ia (2025) Expe s spoke abou g ow h in he numbe o SMEs in he Russian
Fede a ion o 6.7 million. A ailable a : h ps://en.iz. u/en/1878412/2025-04-29/expe s-
spoke-abou -g ow h-numbe -smes- ussian- ede a ion-67-million (Accessed: 27 Sep embe
2025).
2. Iz es ia (2025) Minis y o Economic De elopmen epo ed 3% inc ease in numbe o
small and medium-sized companies in Russia. A ailable a :
h ps://en.iz. u/en/1918647/2025-07-10/minis y-economic-de elopmen - epo ed-3-
inc ease-numbe -small-and-medium-sized-companies- ussia (Accessed: 27 Sep embe
2025).
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3. Kun.uz (2025) Uzbekis an sees 18% su ge in he numbe o indi idual en ep eneu s in
2024. A ailable a : h ps://kun.uz/en/news/2025/01/17/uzbekis an-sees-18-su ge-in- he-
numbe -o -indi idual-en ep eneu s-in-2024 (Accessed: 27 Sep embe 2025).
4. OECD (2024) Financing SMEs and En ep eneu s 2024: An OECD Sco eboa d. Pa is:
OECD Publishing. A ailable a : h ps://www.oecd.o g/en/publica ions/2024/03/ inancing-
smes-and-en ep eneu s-2024_015c0c26.h ml (Accessed: 27 Sep embe 2025).
5. SBA O ice o Ad ocacy (2024) SBA 2024 Capi al Impac Repo . Washing on, D.C.:
U.S. Small Business Adminis a ion. A ailable a : h ps://www.sba.go /documen / epo -
sba-2024-capi al-impac - epo (Accessed: 27 Sep embe 2025).
6. S a .uz (2025) The numbe o ac i e en e p ises and o ganiza ions in Uzbekis an con inues
o decline. A ailable a : h ps://kun.uz/en/news/2025/02/28/s a is ics-agency- he-numbe -
o -ac i e-en e p ises-in-uzbekis an-is-sha ply-declining (Accessed: 27 Sep embe 2025).
7. T end News Agency (2025) Uzbekis an o alloca e $9.6 billion o suppo ing SMEs in
2025. A ailable a : h ps://www. end.az/casia/uzbekis an/4021378.h ml (Accessed: 27
Sep embe 2025).
8. Wo ld Bank G oup (2024) Annual Repo : Financial Summa y. Washing on, D.C.: Wo ld
Bank. A ailable a : h ps://www.wo ldbank.o g/en/abou /annual- epo / inancial-summa y
(Accessed: 27 Sep embe 2025).
9. Zamin.uz (2025) Numbe o ac i e companies in Uzbekis an educed by 100,000 om
2022 o 2025. A ailable a : h ps://zamin.uz/en/uzbekis an/148805-ac i e-companies-
educed-by-100000- om-2022- o-2025.h ml (Accessed: 27 Sep embe 2025).
10. In e na ional Finance Co po a ion (2024) IFC o help inancial ins i u ions suppo small
businesses h ough new global MSME inancing pla o m. Washing on, D.C.: Wo ld Bank
G oup. A ailable a : h ps://www.i c.o g/en/p ess oom/2024/i c- o-help- inancial-
ins i u ions-suppo -small-businesses- h ough-new-global-msme- inancing-pla o m
(Accessed: 27 Sep embe 2025).
