MAMMALIAN SPECIES
Lep onyc e is ni alis.
No.
307,
pp.
1-4,
3 igs.
By Adele P imme Hensley and Kenne h T. Wilkins
Published 30 June
1988
by The Ame ican Socie y o Mammalogis s
Lep onyc e is
(Lydekke ,
1891)
Ischnoglossa Saussu e,
1860:491.
Type species Ischnoglossa ni-
alis Saussu e (p eoccupied by Ischnoglossa K aa z,
1856,
a
bee le).
Lep onyc e is Lydekke ,
1891:674,
in Flowe and Lydekke (1891).
Type species Ischnoglossa ni alis Saussu e,
1860.
CONTEXT AND CONTENT. O de Chi op e a, Family
Phyllos omidae, Sub amily Glossophaginae. The genus Lep onyc e is
con ains h ee species: L. ni alis, L. ye babuenae
(=
L. sanbo ni),
and L. cu asoae (Hall,
1981;
Honacki e aI., 1982). The ollowing
key o species was de eloped om diagnos ic ea u es epo ed by
Da is and Ca e
(1962)
and Ho meis e (1957):
1Th ee phalanges o hi d inge longe han hi d me a-
ca pal; leng h o o ea m usually 55 mm o g ea e ,
a e aging 57 mm; u long and lax; u opa agium mod-
e a ely hai y wi h a conspicuous inge o hai s 3 o 4
mm long
~
L. ni alis
Th ee phalanges o hi d inge o equal o lesse leng h
han hi d me aca pal; leng h o o ea m usually 55
mm o less, a e aging abou 54 mm; u sho and
dense; u opa agium spa sely hai ed o naked wi h inge
o hai s inconspicuous o absen 2
2 (1) Leng h o uppe oo h ow ( om canine o las mola )
g ea e han o equal o 9 mm; uppe and lowe ee h,
especially inciso s and p emola s, la ge and e enly
spaced; u opa agium spa sely hai ed and wi h a sligh
inge L. cu asoae
Leng h o uppe oo h ow ( om canine o las mola )
usually less han 9 mm; uppe and lowe ee h, espe-
cially inciso s and p emola s, smalle and less e enly
spaced; uppe inciso s in wo pai s sepa a ed by a
median gap; u opa agium nea ly naked
.....
L. ye babuenae
Lep onyc e is
ni alis
(Saussu e,
1860)
Big Long-nosed Ba
Ischnoglossa ni alis Saussu e,
1860:491.
Type locali y
"nea
snow
line o M . O izaba, Ve ac uz."
Lep onyc e is ni alis: Mille ,
1900:126.
Lep onyc e is ni alis longala S ains,
1957:355.
Type om
"12
mi.
Sand
2 mi. E A eaga,
7500
., Coahuila."
CONTEXT AND CONTENT. Con ex no ed in gene ic
summa y. Subspecies a e no cu en ly ecognized.
DIAGNOSIS. Lep onyc e is species esemble hose o he
genus Lichonyc e is in
ha
bo h lack hi d mola s, bu Lep onyc e is
no mally has lowe inciso s while Lichonyc e is has none (Hall,
1981). Aspecimen o Lep onyc e is ni alis
ha
has los i s lowe
inciso s can be dis inguished om Lichonyc e is by he spacing o
he uppe inciso s be ween he canines: uppe inciso s o Lichonyc-
e is a e e enly and widely spaced while hose o Lep onyc e is
o m an almos con inuous line wi h he only no able space (i p esen )
being a he midline (Hall, 1981). Choe onyc e is mexicana can be
dis inguished by i s p o uding, sho ail (Ba bou and Da is, 1969).
Compa ed o L. ye babuenae, L. ni alis has longe (7 o 8
mm on do sum) lu ie pelage (Da is and Ca e , 1962), is la ge
in se e al c anial and ex e nal measu emen s (Da is and Ca e ,
1962), has a sho e p esphenoid idge and has deepe , and mo e
p onounced basisphenoidal pi s (Wa kins e al., 1972). L. ni alis
has a longe
(>
105 mm) hi d inge , wi h he sum o he leng hs
o he h ee phalanges o he hi d inge a e aging g ea e han he
leng h o he hi d me aca pal (Ba bou and Da is,
1969;
Ho -
meis e , 1957). L. ni alis has a longe
(10%
o mo e) head and
body (Ho meis e , 1957), and has pelage
ha
is less ed and mo e
d ab han L. ye babuenae (Ho meis e , 1957). Compa ed o L.
cu asoae, L. ni alis has a ligh e pelage and he in e emo al mem-
b ane is b oade and mo e hai y (Mille , 1900). The uppe inciso s
a e no as equally spaced.
GENERAL CHARACTERS. Lep onyc e is ni alis is a la ge
glossophagine ba (Phillips,
1971;
Fig. 1). The slende skull has
comple e zygoma a (Hall,
1981;
Fig. 2). The muzzle is g ea ly
leng hened, bu less so han in some o he glossophagines (Ho -
meis e , 1957). Lep onyc e is is cha ac e ized by elonga ed mola s
wi h a ain W -shaped pa e n (Hall, 1981). The den al o mula is
i
2/2,
c
1/1,
P
2/3,
m
2/2,
o al 30 (Da is, 1974). Ex e nal
cha ac e s o he big long-nosed ba include a educed (4 mm o
sho e ), mode a ely hai y u opa agium wi h a hai y 3 o 4 mm
inge (Da is and Ca e , 1962); a iangula e ec noselea (Ba bou
and Da is, 1969); a e y long ex ensile ongue ipped wi h long
hai like papillae (G eenbaum and Phillips, 1974); and sho ea s
(Da is, 1974). Al hough ex e nal obse a ion sugges s
ha
L. ni alis
lacks a ail, a e y sho concealed ail consis ing o h ee e eb ae
is p esen (Ho meis e , 1957).
Lep onyc e is ni alis has a soo y o d ab b own colo (Ba bou
and Da is,
1969)
and is da ke on he pos e io do sum and pale
en ally and on he an e io do sum (Hall, 1981). Hai s a e whi e
a he base and sil e y a he ips (Da is, 1974).
Means o h ee ex e nal measu emen s (in mm) a e: o al
leng h, 83; leng h o oo , 17; and leng h o ea om no ch, 15
(Da is, 1974). Means and ex emes o c anial measu emen s (in
mm) o h ee adul males ollowed in pa en heses by hose o se en
adul emales om Texas and Mexico a e (Da is and Ca e , 1962):
condylobasal leng h,
27.1,
26.5
o
28.0
(27.2,
26.2
o 28.3);
zygoma ic b ead h,
11.4,
10.7
o
12.0
(11.3,
10.9
o 11.6); in e -
o bi al wid h,
5.3,
5.3 o
5.4
(5.1,
4.3
o 5.4); mas oidal b ead h,
12.0,
11.5
o
12.5
(11.8,
11.5
o 12.0); leng h o pala e om
al eolus,
14.5,
14.0
o
15.0
(14.5,
13.3
o 15.3); maxilla y oo h-
ow,
9.2,
8.9
o
9.6
(9.2, 8.5 o 9.5); leng h o mandible
19.2,
18.5
o
19.7
(19.1,
18.2
o 20.3). Means o wo o he c anial
measu emen s (in mm) o six males and eigh emales om Chisos
Moun ains, B ews e Co., Texas, a e (Ho meis e , 1957): g ea es
leng h o skull,
28.1,
and wid h o b aincase, 10.7. Mandibula
FIG. 1. Side iew o acial egion o Lep onyc e is ni alis
showing long p o usile ongue and ba ly en al o eye. Specimen,
om Big Bend Na ional Pa k, Texas, pho og aphed in
1967
by D.
A. Eas e la.
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FIG. 3. Dis ibu ion o Lep onyc e is ni alis modi ied om
Hall (1981). Do indica es ex alimi al eco d in Sinaloa, Mexico.
S a deno es locali y o only known ossil, Cue a de Ab a, Tamau-
lipas, Mexico.
2
~o
J
110
I
100
MAMMALIAN SPECIES
307
90
FIG. 2. Do sal, en al, and la e al iews o skull and la e al
iew o mandible o Lep onyc e is ni alis (Texas Coope a i e Wild-
li e Collec ion
3556,
emale) om Chisos Moun ains, B ews e Co.,
Texas. D awings by M. A. Thomas.
dep h behind he las mola is
2.0
o 2.5 mm deepe in males han
in emales; no o he ma ked sexual dimo phism was ound o c anial
ea u es (Da is and Ca e , 1962).
Means and ex emes (in mm) o pos c anial measu emen s
om h ee adul males ollowed in pa en heses by hose o se en
adul emales, espec i ely, om Texas and Mexico (Da is and
Ca e ,
1962)
a e: leng h o o ea m,
57.2,
55.4
o
59.5
(56.6,
54.5
o 58.2); leng h o hi d me aca pal,
50.1,
49.0
o
51.7
(50.3,
49.0
o 51.5); leng h o hi d inge ,
110.4,
107.1 o
115.3
(110.0,
108.4
o 112.3); leng h o e minal phalanx o hi d inge ,
17.6,
16.2
o
18.7
(17.9,
17.0
o 18.3). De la To e
(1955)
obse ed a
size cline in L. ni alis such ha indi iduals om he no he n po ion
o he ange o he species a e la ge han hose om he sou h.
A e age body mass is 24 g (Da is, 1974).
DISTRIBUTION. Lep onyc e is ni alis is known om
sou he n T ans-Pecos Texas sou hwa d
h ough
cen al and eas e n
Mexico, mos ly eas o he
102
0me idian and sou h a leas o
Gue e o and Gua emala (Ho meis e ,
1957;
Fig. 3). Specimens in
he Uni ed S a es ha e been collec ed om he Chisos Moun ains,
Big Bend Na ional Pa k, B ews e Co., Texas (Bo ell and B yan ,
1942); and China i Moun ains, P esidio Co., Texas (Mollhagen,
1973). Al hough Jones and Findley
(1963)
epo ed L. ni alis om
he Peloncillo Moun ains and Guadalupe Canyon o Hidalgo Co.,
New Mexico, Findley e al. (1
975)
did no lis his species as occu ing
in New Mexico. Ra he , long-nosed ba s om Hidalgo Co. a e iden-
i ied as L. ye babuenae. Pe iphe al collec ion eco ds no included
in Hall
(1981)
a e: Sinaloa:
10.3
mi
(16.6
km) W by oad o Palmi o,
183
m (Bake and Cock um, 1966); Tamaulipas:
6.5
mi
(10.4
km)
N, 13.1 mi (21 km) W Jimenez (Bake and Cock um, 1966); Nue o
Leon: Ce o Po osi nea La Joha,
3,503
m(Koes ne , 1941). L.
ni alis is
a e
h oughou i s ange (Ba bou and Da is, 1969).
FOSSIL RECORD. La e Pleis ocene ma e ial o L. ni alis
has been epo ed om a a e ine ledge in a ca e, Cue a de Ab a,
in opical sou he n Tamaulipas, Mexico (Dalques and Ro h,
1970;
Fig. 3). The ma e ial om his si e is a lowe jaw wi hou ee h.
FORM AND FUNCTION. Lep onyc e is ni alis possesses
as many as 22 deciduous ee h: i
2/1,
c
Ill,
P
2-3/2-3
(Phillips,
1971 ). Va iabili y in he deciduous p emola coun p obably esul s
om he small size o he ee h, hei ea ly loss, o hei eabso p ion
be o e bi h. The i s uppe p emola s a e no eplaced by pe manen
ee h. The i s lowe p emola is he i s pe manen oo h o e up ;
i is ollowed by he coinciden al e up ion o he i s uppe and lowe
mola s and he ou e lowe inciso s. The i s and second uppe
p emola s and he uppe canines and inciso s each he unc ional
e up i e phase a abou he same ime. These uppe ee h and he
second and hi d lowe p emola s e up simul aneously. The second
uppe and lowe mola s a e he las pe manen cheek ee h o
each
he occlusal plane and hey e up a he same ime as he lowe
canines. The lowe inne -inciso s a e he las pe manen ee h o
de elop (Phillips, 1971). Agenesis o he cheek ee h is uncommon
in L. ni alis, bu an adul male had a congeni ally-missing uppe
mola . In bo h sexes, lowe inne -inciso s o en ail o de elop.
Occasionally, males congeni ally lack he second lowe inciso s. L.
ni alis has a ai ly high incidence o i s uppe p emola loss due
o in es a ions by o al mi es (Mac onyssidae). Addi ionally, inciso s
equen ly a e los , bu he emaining lowe ee h, excep he lowe
i s and second mola s, a ely a e los (Phillips, 1971).
The highly p o usile ongue o L. ni alis, an adap a ion o
i s die o nec a and pollen, a aches o he pos e io s e num (Wille,
1954)
and can be ex ended beyond he ip o he os um o
dis ances as g ea as he leng h o he head (Winkelmann, 1971).
Do so en ally-o ien ed ows o hai like papillae co e he an e o-
la e al su aces nea he ip o he ongue; a median ough, which
is na owes dis ally, lies be ween hese ields o hai like papillae
(G eenbaum and Phillips, 1974). Mos o he median ough is
co e ed by small, bi id, compac , mechanical papillae excep o a
es ic ed clus e o small, ho ny papillae su ounding a pai o la ge,
bi id, ho ny papillae loca ed abou 7 mm behind he ip o he ongue.
Ke a iniza ion o ongue epi helium is g ea es in he icini y o hese
ho ny papillae. A midline pos e io g oo e ex ends om he
ea
o
he median ough owa ds he base o he ongue. Nume ous singly-
poin ed, pos e io ly-di ec ed ili o m papillae lie la agains he do sal
and la e al su aces o his basal sec ion o he ongue (G eenbaum
and Phillips, 1974). In L. sanbo ni, papillae in he co esponding
egion ha e a di e en mo phology and deploymen : he papillae
ha e hooked ends and a e li ed o o he ongue su ace. The e is
aco ela ion o hooked papillae mo phology wi h he absence o
mi e in es a ions o he gingi ae in L. sanbo ni. Mi e in es a ions in
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MAMMALIAN SPECIES
307
L. ni alis may pe sis because hookless, app essed papillae canno
ake mi es om he gums as he ongue e ac s. Th ee o he ypes
o papillae ( ungi o m, medial alla e, and la e al alla e) occu in
es ic ed egions o he basal hal o he ongue o L. ni alis
(G eenbaum and Phillips, 1974). Longi udinal g oo es unning abou
hal he leng h o he ongue on each side we e epo ed by Wille
(1954), bu we e no de ec ed in o he s udies (G eenbaum and
Phillips,
1974;
Pa k
and Hall,
1951;
Winkelmann, 1971).
Mos o he mass o he ongue in L. ni alis is composed o
muscle issue a anged in ho izon al, e ical, and longi udinal bun-
dles (G eenbaum and Phillips, 1974). Vascula iza ion o he ongue
is ia a lingual a e y in he midline lanked by pai ed lingual
ligamen s and lingual eins. Glands o on Ebne , associa ed wi h
ci cum alla e papillae, and mucus glands a e loca ed in he pos-
e odo sal a ea o he ongue. The majo i y o he elas ic ibe s in
he ongue a e loca ed in he lamina p op ia o he do sal and en al
su aces and o he hai like papillae (G eenbaum and Phillips, 1974).
Lep onyc e is ni alis is an agile lye , capable o quick ma-
neu e ing and ela i ely high speed ligh (Haywa d and Da is,
1964).
In
speed ials, one emale L. ni alis lew
30.5
m in
8.0
s
and ano he emale equi ed
13.6
s. Haywa d and Da is
(1964)
a ibu ed he sligh ly lowe
han
expec ed speed o L.· ni alis o
he need o ho e a blossoms o eeding. L. ni alis makes swooshing
sounds as i lies and can ly s aigh up while main aining a ho izon al
body posi ion (Ba bou and Da is, 1969).
Al hough L. ni alis li es in an a id en i onmen , i has a much
lowe han expec ed kidney-medulla- hickness o co ex- hickness
a io and p oduces a dilu e u ine wi h low maximal concen a ions.
This is due o he die o low p o ein, high-wa e oods (Kunz, 1982).
Lep onyc e is appea s o elax i s deg ee o he mo egula ion in he
middle ange o ambien empe a u es, bu main ains body hea a
bo h high and low ambien empe a u es (Yalden and Mo is, 1975).
ONTOGENY AND
REPRODUCTION.
No mal li e size
is one (Da is, 1974). The b eeding season in Texas appea s o be
es ic ed o Ap il, May, and June (Da is, 1974). Eas e la
(1972)
epo ed inding no di ec e idence o pa u i ion by L. ni alis in
he ca e on Emo y Peak, bu did ind lac a ing emales he e in
June and July and i s no ed lying ju eniles on 27 June (Eas e la,
1973). Eas e la
(1972)
and Schmidly
(1977)
belie e
ha
he young
a e bo n in Mexico p io o he a i al o he adul emales in his
ca e. By July he young a e hal -g own (Da is, 1974). Ba bou and
Da is
(1969)
caugh an almos ull-g own L. ni alis on 5 July ha
p obably had been bo n in la e
Mayo
ea ly June.
ECOLOGY. Ba bou and Da is
(1969:36)
epo he a o ed
habi a o L. ni alis as he high-ele a ion pine-oak coun y (pinyon
pine, Pinus cemb oides; d ooping junipe , Junipe us iaccida; ed-
be y junipe ,
].
pincho i; g ay oak, Que cus g isea; Emo y oak,
Que cus emo y; G a e's oak, Q. g a esei) om abou
1,524
m in
ele a ion up o snowline (Eas e la, 1972). Howe e , collec ion si es
much lowe han his
(762,
701,
and
567
m) in aga e (Aga e
chisosensis, no common name in use; A. scab a, ha a d aga e; and
A. lechuguilla, lechuguilla) and dese -sc ub woodlands ha e been
epo ed (Eas e la, 1972). Koes ne
(1941)
ound a colony o
10,000
a an ele a ion o
3,505
m a Ce o Po osi nea La Ioha, Nue o
Leon.
This species is a colonial ca e dwelle which usually inhabi s
deep ca e ns bu can also be ound in mines, cul e s, hollow ees,
and unused buildings (Ba bou and Da is,
1969;
Da is,
1974;
Ho -
meis e ,
1957;
Kunz,
1982;
Nowak and Pa adiso,
1983;
Schmidly,
1977). The only known colony in he Uni ed S a es occupies a ca e
a Emo y
Peak
in he Chisos Moun ains, B ews e Co., Texas, a
2,286
m (Ba bou and Da is, 1969). Da is
(1974)
desc ibed he
ca e in Emo y
Peak
as ha ing conside ably coole ai inside han
ou side o he ca e du ing summe and a b eeze blowing h ough a
all imes. Ca es inhabi ed by L. ni alis can be ecognized by a
mus y smell simila o
ha
o Tada ida b asiliensis (Ba bou and
Da is, 1969). The loo and walls o he L. ni alis oos in he
Emo y Peak ca e a e slick and co e ed wi h yellowish, swee -odo ed,
semi-liquid d oppings (Eas e la,
1972,
1973). Colony size in his
ca e anged om as high as
10,650
ba s in
1967
o as low as ze o
ba s in
1970
(Eas e la, 1972). An explana ion o hese d as ic
luc ua ions is
ha
his ca e se es as a no he n "spillo e " colony
du ing yea s o high popula ions o low ood supply in Mexico
(Eas e la, 1972). L. ni alis clus e s in densi ies o abou
1,615
ba s / n" (Eas e la, 1972). The ba s hang om he ceiling wi h adul s
and hal -g own ju eniles in e mixed (Da is, 1974).
3
Appa en ly, adul males seg ega e geog aphically om he
emales in he summe and do no occupy he no he n
pa
o he
species' ange (Dalques and Wal on,
1970;
Da is,
1974;
Eas e la,
1972;
Schmidly, 1977). Eas e la
(1972)
caugh only h ee males
in i e yea s o s udy in Big Bend Na ional
Pa k,
Texas.
Lep onyc e is ni alis has been known o sha e ca es wi h
Pleco us ownsendii (Ba bou and Da is,
1969;
Da is,
1974;
Eas-
e la, 1972). Myo is hysanodes and M. olans ha e been ound
in oos s used by L. ni alis, bu no when L. ni alis was p esen
(Eas e la, 1973).
Lep onyc e is ni alis mus make long mig a ions o ensu e an
adequa e supply o i s limi ed die (Humph ey and Bonacco so,
1979). Mig a ion is necessa y also because L. ni alis does no
hibe na e (Schobe , 1984). E iden ly, he onse o he ainy season
and cold wea he ini ia es mig a ion (Eas e la, 1973). In he summe ,
L. ni alis occu s a highe ele a ions in Big Bend Na ional Pa k,
Texas, and a a ew loca ions in no he n Mexico; o win e i mig a es
a he sou h in Mexico, a leas as a as Jalisco and Mo elos
(Ba bou and Da is,
1969;
Kunz,
1982;
Schmidly, 1977). In he
e y sou he n
pa
o i s ange, L. ni alis in e g ades wi h L.
ye babuenae (Bake and Cock um,
1966;
Da is and Ca e ,
1962;
Ho meis e , 1957).
Lep onyc e is ni alis eme ges ela i ely la e in he e ening
o eed (Ba bou and Da is, 1969). L. ni alis is a p ima y consume
ha eeds on nec a , pollen, insec s and p obably so , succulen
cac us ui s du ing he non- lowe ing season (Allen,
1940;
Ba bou
and Da is,
1969;
Ho meis e , 1957). Insec s a e p obably picked
up acciden ally as he ba ga he s nec a and pollen om lowe s
(Ho meis e , 1957), bu Rasweile
(1977)
indica ed
ha
insec
inges ion migh be nu i ionally signi ican . In he Chisos Moun ains,
his ba eeds om lowe s o
Aga e
scab a and A. chisosensis, bu
a lowe ele a ions, ano he ood plan migh be
Aga e
lechuguilla
(Eas e la, 1972). Cock um and Haywa d
(1962)
epo ed Scho
aga e (Aga e scho i) and sagua o cac us (Ca negia gigan ea) as
ood sou ces o L. ni alis; his s udy was done in A izona and
p obably e e s o L. sanbo ni a he han L. ni alis as cu en ly
ecognized. Jimson weed (Da u a s amonium), wax mallow (Mal-
a iscus), mescal (Aga e sp.), and a ious cac us lowe s also se e
as ood o he ba (Ba bou and Da is,
1969;
Da is,
1974;
Schmidly,
1977;
Schobe , 1984). Duges
(1906;
in Allen,
1940)
desc ibed a
specimen om Guanajua o, Mexico, whose s omach was illed wi h
pollen om he whi e- lowe ed Mal a iscus ace i olius. In
1944,
Da is
(1974)
cap u ed an adul male which a e he pollen and nec a
o an
Aga e
scab a plan .
When
ea ing om Aga e, L. ni alis
c awls down he s alk, h us s i s snou in o he lowe s, and licks
nec a om hem wi h i s long ongue which can be ex ended o a
leng h o 76 mm and can each nec a a he base o he lowe
co olla; L. ni alis eme ges om hese lowe s co e ed wi h pollen
(Ba bou and Da is,
1969;
Cock um and Haywa d,
1962;
Faeg i
and Van de Pijl,
1979;
Wille, 1954). L. ni alis is an e ec i e
pollina o o many o he cac i, aga e, and pe haps o he plan s on
which i eeds (Da is,
1974;
Faeg i and Van de Pijl, 1979).
O al in es a ions by mi es (Mac onyssidae: Rad o diella o i-
cola) a e a p ima y e iological ac o in des uc ion o pe iodon al
issues (Phillips, 1971). In es a ion by he mi es may be ela ed o
he die o nec a , pollen, and so ui s (Phillips e al., 1969). These
mi es eside be ween he gingi a and lingual su ace o he oo s o
he ee h (Phillips e al., 1969). The gene al e ec o hese o al
mi es esembles ypical pe iodon i is; he pala al lesions usually a e
ound on he lingual side o he uppe p emola s and mola s and
cause eso p ion o bone o he ha d pala e, des uc ion o pe iodon al
ligamen s, eso p ion o cemen um and den in, and loss o ee h
(Phillips, 1971). L. ye babuenae has no such lesions e en when
ound in he same ca e as L. ni alis (Phillips e aI., 1969). Ex-
amina ion o
III
skulls o L. ni alis om Texas, Nue o Leon,
Coahuila, Michoacan, Jalisco, Hidalgo, Gue e o, Mexico, and Mo-
elos e ealed all adul s (excep ou o 14 specimens om Texas)
o ha e pala al lesions (Phillips,
1971;
Phillips e aI., 1969).
Six species o ec opa asi es ha e been epo ed om L. ni alis;
Pe iglisch us a gasi (Spin unicadae), Myodopsylla gen ilis (Isch-
nopsyllidae), S e nopsylla exana (Ischnopsyllidae), Basilia co yno-
hini (Nyc e ibiidae), T ichobius sphae ono us (S eblidae), and
Nyc e iglyphus exanus (Rosens einiidae; O'Conno e aI.,
1977;
Whi ake and Eas e la, 1975). N. exanus is a iny yellow mi e
ound in la ge numbe s c awling on he ca e walls and in guano,
bu no on he body o L. ni alis (Whi ake and Eas e la, 1975).
Villa and Jimenez (1
961)
epo ed he p esence o abies i us in a
Downloaded om h ps://academic.oup.com/mspecies/a icle/doi/10.2307/3504229/2600311 by gues on 18 Feb ua y 2021
4
specimen o L. ni alis collec ed in Cue a del Eanon del Zopilo e,
12.5
km S Mexicala, Gue e o, Mexico.
REMARKS. Da is and
Ca e
(1962)
de e mined he genus
Lep onyc e is o ha e
h ee
species: L. cu asoae, L. sanbo ni, and
L. ni alis. Da is and
Ca e
(1962)
conside ed L. ye babuenae o
be a synonym o L. ni alis. Hall (1
981)
ag eed wi h he con en ion
o Ramie ez-Pulido and Al a ez
(1972)
ha
L. ye babuenae is no
asynonym o L. ni alis bu is ins ead he p ope
name
o L.
sanbo ni.
Lep onyc e is ni alis is known by se e al common names: big
long-nosed ba , Mexican long-nosed ba , Mexican long- ongued ba ,
and
nec a
ba (Ba bou and Da is,
1969;
Hall,
1981).
Lep onyc-
e is de i es om he G eek lep os meaning slende and nyc e is
meaning ba , and p obably e e s o he long, slende skull, os um,
and ongue o his genus. The speci ic epi he ni alis s ems om
ni is meaning snow and p obably e e s o he ype specimen which
was ound a he snowline o M . O izaba.
D. A. Eas e la kindly p o ided he colo slide om which Fig.
1 was made. M. A. Thomas p oduced he skull d awings. Baylo
Uni e si y Resea ch Council
g an
002-S85-URC
suppo ed po ions
o his p ojec .
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