कर्जबाजारीपणामुळे निम्न व मध्यमवर्गीय कुटुंबांच्या राहणीमानावर होणारा नकारात्मक परिणामाचा अभ्यास

Jou nal o Resea ch and De elopmen
Pee Re iewed In e na ional, Open Access Jou nal.
ISSN : 2230-9578 | Websi e: h ps://j d b.o g Volume-17, Issue-9(I) |Sep - 2025
180
       
  
 1,. 
 2
1  ,M.COM. M. A. (Eco), SET. B. Ed
2 ,M.COM MBA NET SET Ph. D
1,2. .   .
Manusc ip ID:
JRD -2025(I)-170941
ISSN: 2230-9578
Volume 17
Issue 9(I)|
Pp. 180-186
Sep . 2025
Submi ed: 9 Aug. 2025
Re ised: 20 Aug. 2025
Accep ed: 20 Sep . 2025
Published: 30 Sep . 2025
-
            
     .           
   .    
,
 
,
     
.     
,
      
. 
  (
Seconda y Da a)
   .  
,

,

          .      
            .
:        .       
   .       .  ,
 ,  ,  ,   , ,   
          .    
        .      
,      .  ,  , , 
         . 
         
     .
   :
1.  :-       .
2.  :–            
 .
Quick Response Code:
Websi e:
h ps://j d b.o g/
DOI:
10.5281/zenodo.16885235
C ea i e Commons (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
This is an open access jou nal, and a icles a e dis ibu ed unde he e ms o he C ea i e Commons
A ibu ion-NonComme cial-Sha eAlike 4.0 In e na ional Public License, which allows o he s o emix,
weak, and build upon he wo k noncomme cially, as long as app op ia e c edi is gi en and he new
c ea ions ae licensed unde he iden ial e ms.
Add ess o co espondence:
 ,  
,M.COM. M. A. (Eco), SET. B. Ed,

.

.



.
How o ci e his a icle:
 , .   , (2025).       
  ,
Jou nal o Resea ch & De elopmen ,180-186
O iginal A icle
Jou nal o Resea ch and De elopmen
Pee Re iewed In e na ional, Open Access Jou nal.
ISSN : 2230-9578 | Websi e: h ps://j d b.o g Volume-17, Issue-9(I) |Sep - 2025
181
3.   : – , ,  ,     .
4.  : –             
 .
 :
1.          .
2.       .
3.   ,      .
4.         .
5.         .
  (Resea ch P oblem)
             .  
        ,     .   
  .
  (Hypo heses)
1. H0 –      .
H1 –     .
2. H0 –       .
H1 –        .
  (Me hodology)
1)  
   
Seconda y Da a   ( , ,  ,  ).
2)  
         ( ).
3)   (Seconda y Da a)
1. All India Deb & In es men Su ey (AIDIS 2019, 2020, 2022)
2. MOSPI (Minis y o S a is ics and P og amme Implemen a ion) .
3. NSSO Consump ion Expendi u e Su ey (2017-18)
4. RBI Annual Repo s (household deb o income a io).
5. EPW     .
4)  (Va iables)
  (Deb In ensi y):
o Deb - o-Income Ra io (DTI)
o EMI- o-Income %
  (Li ing S anda d Indica o s):
o    (%)
o     (%)
o   (%)
/ : (Seconda y Da a   )
o /  
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ISSN : 2230-9578 | Websi e: h ps://j d b.o g Volume-17, Issue-9(I) |Sep - 2025
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o    
5)  
:      .
: Seconda y da ase s     (pe cen age, a io, end, co ela ion).
  (Seconda y Da a Ex ac – AIDIS/NSSO Repo s  )
 1:       (AIDIS 2019)

 
 (₹)
 
  (₹)
 EMI %
  %
  
1,20,000
36,000
30%
5%
  
2,40,000
72,000
30%
10%
  
1,80,000
72,000
40%
4%
  
3,60,000
1,20,000
33%
8%
    ,           :
1.    (40%) –          
  .
. , ,   .
2.  (20%) –        .
3.   (15%) –       .     
 .
4. // (15%) –    , ,     .
5. / (10%) –            .
 2:   

    
  
   (%)
42%
55%
   (%)
12%
7%
  (%)
8%
5%
  (%)
15%
5%
    ,            :
1.    (35%)
        .
2.   (25%)
           .
3.  / (15%)
       .
Jou nal o Resea ch and De elopmen
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4.   (15%)
 ,   ,       .
5.    (10%)
              .
 
 1:      EMI- o-Income Ra io (%)
(Seconda y Da a – AIDIS 2019  )
   ████████░░░░ 30%
   ████████░░░░ 30%
   ██████████░░ 40%
   ████████░░░░ 33%
 :
   ,        40%  50%     
 ,       20%  30% .
 –
•         .
•     .
• , ,  -     .
•     .
              
   .
 2:      (%)
  :  42% →  55%
 :  12% →  7%
 :  8% →  5%
 :  15% →  5%
 :
     –
•     (30%-35%)
•      (25%-30%)
•     (20%-25%)
• ,      (15%-20%)    .   ,  
              .
•       .
•      .
•      .
          .
   
• H1 (   ) →  ( ,       
).
• H1 (      ) →  (  15%  5%  ).
Jou nal o Resea ch and De elopmen
Pee Re iewed In e na ional, Open Access Jou nal.
ISSN : 2230-9578 | Websi e: h ps://j d b.o g Volume-17, Issue-9(I) |Sep - 2025
184
 
)     
       . ,        
   .           .  
    .
)  
        . , , , -,  ,
     .            
 .
)  
      . .  , ,  , 
.            .     
.
)  
  , ,  , -      .   
       .       .  
.
)  (Consume ism)
    .  , , , , ,   
     .             
.
)  
         .      
      . ,          .
  
              , ,  
      .
)  
1.       .
                .  
   .
2.    
     .           
 .
3.      
, ,       .      .
4.      
       ,       .    
 .

Jou nal o Resea ch and De elopmen
Pee Re iewed In e na ional, Open Access Jou nal.
ISSN : 2230-9578 | Websi e: h ps://j d b.o g Volume-17, Issue-9(I) |Sep - 2025
185
)  
1.      
     .   ‘ ’  .
2.      
               
.
3.       
,             
 .
4. ,           
      ,     -     
,     .
)  
1.      
  ,  , -      .
2.   
     .      .
3. -     
  -, -    .   .
4.   
           .   
  .
)  
1. , ,     
           .       
.
2.       
 ,  , ,              
  .
3.    
              .  
  .
4.   
 , , ,     .      .

    ,             
.          .       
       .

1.    .
2. - ,         .
Jou nal o Resea ch and De elopmen
Pee Re iewed In e na ional, Open Access Jou nal.
ISSN : 2230-9578 | Websi e: h ps://j d b.o g Volume-17, Issue-9(I) |Sep - 2025
186
3.    .
4.       .
5.      .
6.      (, ).

           . 
  ,   ,  ,       
   .
       ,            
 .

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


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, :  .
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





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