S udies Managemen and Finance Economics, o Jou nal
0504-2644 (online): ISSN 0490,-2644 (p in ): ISSN
5202 Oc obe 10 Issue 80 Volume
8.317 Fac o : Impac ,09-i10-10.47191/je ms/ 8 DOI: A icle
6566 -6660 No: Page
JEFMS, Volume 08 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025 www.ije m.co.in Page 6660
Financial Planning o Financial F eedom
M. Nu uddin Subhan1, Nu ul Hilmiyah2, Riska Yus isiana3, Bin ang Andhyka4, Wasi Widayadi5, Shin a Budi As u i6,
Fach i A andi7, A hia Ze lina8
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 Facul y o Economics and Business, Uni e si as Pancasila, Jaka a, Indonesia
ABSTRACT: Financial li e acy is an indi idual's abili y o unde s and and use a ious inancial skills, including budge planning,
deb managemen , sa ings, in es men s, and unde s anding inancial p oduc s and se ices. These skills a e essen ial o making
wise inancial decisions and achie ing inancial well-being. Financial li e acy bene i s include imp o ed inancial managemen .
Indi iduals wi h a high le el o inancial li e acy end o ha e be e skills in budge planning, sa ings, and deb managemen ,
con ibu ing o pe sonal and amily inancial s abili y. Fu he mo e, inancial li e acy also suppo s go e nmen e o s o
inc ease inancial inclusion, enabling indi iduals o access and u ilize o mal inancial se ices, such as bank accoun s, insu ance,
and o he in es men p oduc s. Six y pe cen s o Indonesian mig an wo ke s in Malaysia ha e low inancial li e acy, making
hem di icul o manage and plan hei pe sonal inances, unde s and inancial p oduc s, and make inancial and in es men
decisions. This, in u n, impac s inancial s abili y (managing pe sonal income and expenses) and he po en ial isk o u u e
inancial di icul ies. Meanwhile, he a ailabili y o aining on pe sonal inancial managemen o imp o e he inancial li e acy o
mig an wo ke s emains e y limi ed, p e en ing his p oblem om being add essed immedia ely. A e he aining, 80% o
pa icipan s ag eed ha he ma e ial p o ided was high-quali y and use ul, and 85% s ongly ag eed ha hey we e o e all
sa is ied and bene i ed om he inancial li e acy aining p o ided by he aine .
KEYWORDS: inancial li e acy, inancial inclusion
I. INTRODUCTION
Va ious Indonesian mac oeconomic indica o s ha e shown a slowdown since he ou h qua e o 2024. Indonesia's
economic g ow h h oughou 2024 was eco ded a 5.03%, sligh ly below he go e nmen 's a ge o 5.2%. Acco ding o da a
om he Cen al S a is ics Agency (BPS), his slowing end con inued in o he i s qua e o 2025, indica ed by GDP g ow h o
4.87%, in line wi h p e iously p ojec ed economic slowdowns o below 5% h oughou 2025, pa ly igge ed by he in ensi ying
ade wa be ween he Uni ed S a es and China. In Janua y 2025, Indonesia eco ded mon hly de la ion (m- o-m) o 0.76%,
al hough annual in la ion emained a 0.76%. This Janua y's annual in la ion a e was he lowes in 25 yea s. The de la iona y
end con inued in Feb ua y 2025, wi h mon hly de la ion o 0.48% and annual de la ion o 0.09%. This de la iona y
phenomenon is unusual o a de eloping economy like Indonesia, which indica ed a signi ican weakening in domes ic demand
and pu chasing powe a he beginning o he qua e . Howe e , his end e e sed sha ply in Ma ch 2025, which eco ded high
mon hly in la ion o 1.65% and annual in la ion o 1.03%, likely in luenced by seasonal ac o s leading up o Ramadan and Eid al-
Fi , which his o ically d i e up p ices o key commodi ies.
Ano he mac oeconomic indica o is he Open Unemploymen Ra e (TPT) da a as o Feb ua y 2025, which showed a igu e o
4.76%. S uc u ally, oca ional high school (SMK) and senio high school (SMA) g adua es ace highe unemploymen a es han
hose a o he educa ion le els in Indonesia. This sugges s ha he economic slowdown in he i s qua e o 2025 and he
inc easing unce ain y caused by he ade wa could inc ease p essu e on he labo ma ke , especially among he younge
gene a ion, o he poin whe e he hash ag #Kabu DuluAja (Bu ning Ou ) ended on social media. This e lec s Indonesians'
dissa is ac ion wi h he cu en economic condi ions and has ueled he desi e o some esiden s o "escape" ab oad o con inue
hei li es by wo king, s udying, and li ing ou side Indonesia. Following he i al hash ag, many Indonesians ha e sha ed s o ies
abou wo king condi ions ab oad and sha ed ways o s a a ca ee ab oad, whe he h ough schola ships, Indonesian labo
ec ui men agencies, o a ious o he means. Com o able and conduci e wo king condi ions, a clea ca ee pa h, and
Financial Planning o Financial F eedom
JEFMS, Volume 08 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025 www.ije m.co.in Page 6661
adequa e, o e en excessi e, sala ies c ea e a be e quali y o li e compa ed o Indonesia, making many diaspo a eluc an o
e u n home.
Meanwhile, acco ding o da a om he Indonesian Minis y o Fo eign A ai s, he e a e 3.01 million Indonesian ci izens (WNI)
li ing ab oad, commonly e e ed o as he diaspo a. The ollowing is a g aph showing he dis ibu ion o Indonesian ci izens
(WNI) ab oad:
Figu e 1. Numbe o Indonesian Ci izens
Malaysia is he la ges des ina ion o he Indonesian diaspo a, wi h a popula ion o 1.33 million. Nea ly 50% o he
Indonesian diaspo a eside in Malaysia (mos ly in Kuala Lumpu ). The majo i y a e mig an wo ke s in he cons uc ion,
plan a ion, and domes ic sec o s, and i is a s udy des ina ion o many Indonesian s uden s. Saudi A abia anks second wi h he
la ges numbe o Indonesian ci izens, wi h 665,550 wo king in he domes ic sec o and also se ing as Hajj and Um ah pilg ims.
China anks hi d, wi h 317,670 Indonesians. The majo i y o Indonesian ci izens in China wo k in he manu ac u ing and
domes ic labo sec o s. Fu he mo e, China is also a popula des ina ion o Indonesian s uden s seeking u he educa ion.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Acco ding o Hidaya (2017) in Skau and T ipu o (2023), he Indonesian go e nmen sends Indonesian wo ke s ab oad as a
solu ion o add ess unemploymen and as an e o o inc ease o eign exchange. Howe e , he condi ions o Indonesian
mig an wo ke s, pa icula ly in Malaysia, a y, wi h some expe iencing se ious p oblems such as o ced labo , exploi a ion, and
un ai ea men . This is pa ly due o low le els o educa ion, which hinde s access o employmen and a decen wo k
en i onmen . Fu he mo e, a p oblem aced by he Indonesian diaspo a, bo h mig an wo ke s and s uden s ab oad, is low
inancial li e acy, which makes i di icul o hem o eco d and plan hei pe sonal inances o he u u e.
Su an o e al. (2023) explained ha 60% o Indonesian mig an wo ke s in Malaysia ha e low inancial li e acy, making i
di icul o manage and plan hei pe sonal inances, unde s and inancial p oduc s, and make inancial and in es men
decisions. This in u n impac s hei inancial s abili y (managing pe sonal income and expenses) and he po en ial isk o acing
inancial di icul ies in he u u e. Meanwhile, he a ailabili y o aining on pe sonal inancial managemen o imp o e he
inancial li e acy o mig an wo ke s emains e y limi ed, p e en ing his p oblem om being add essed immedia ely.
Financial li e acy is an indi idual's abili y o unde s and and use a ious inancial skills, including budge planning, deb
managemen , sa ings, in es men s, and unde s anding inancial p oduc s and se ices. This skill is essen ial o making wise
inancial decisions and achie ing inancial well-being. Financial li e acy bene i s include imp o ed inancial managemen .
Indi iduals wi h high le els o inancial li e acy end o ha e be e skills in budge planning, sa ing, and managing deb , which
con ibu es o pe sonal and amily inancial s abili y (Lusa di & Mi chell, 2022). Fu he mo e, inancial li e acy also suppo s
go e nmen e o s o inc ease inancial inclusion, enabling indi iduals o access and u ilize o mal inancial se ices, such as
bank accoun s, insu ance, and o he in es men p oduc s.
Financial Planning o Financial F eedom
JEFMS, Volume 08 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025 www.ije m.co.in Page 6662
The e o e, aining is needed as a solu ion o imp o e he inancial li e acy o he Indonesian diaspo a in managing pe sonal
and amily inances o imp o e hei quali y o li e in he u u e, while also assis ing he go e nmen 's e o s o achie e he
SDGs indica o s, including no po e y (SDG Goal 1), no hunge (SDG Goal 2), a heal hy and p ospe ous li e (SDG Goal 3), and
decen wo k and economic g ow h (SDG Goal 8). This is done h ough communi y se ice ca ied ou by lec u e s and s uden s
o he Facul y o Economics and Business, Uni e si as Pancasila. One o ganiza ion widely pa icipa ed by he Indonesian diaspo a
in Malaysia, especially women, is he PCI (Special B anch Leade ship) o Fa aya NU Malaysia.
PCI Fa aya NU Malaysia is he o e seas b anch commi ee o Fa aya NU, an au onomous en i y wi hin Nahdla ul Ulama (NU),
ocused on he empowe men and wel a e o Indonesian women in he diaspo a in Malaysia. Fa aya NU was ounded on Ap il
24, 1950, wi h he aim o empowe ing young women in a ious ields, including eligion, educa ion, and social a ai s. PCI
Fa aya NU Malaysia is ac i ely in ol ed in a ious ac i i ies, such as implemen ing p og ams ocused on empowe ing diaspo a
communi ies and imp o ing hei wel a e, engaging in da'wah ac i i ies, pa ne ing wi h o he o ganiza ions o conduc
communi y se ice and in e na ional esea ch ini ia i es.
III. METHODOLOGY
The implemen a ion o his communi y se ice ac i i y was designed h ough a inancial li e acy aining p og am aimed a
membe s o PCI Fa aya NU Malaysia. The a ge pa icipan s we e ac i e membe s who we e o icially egis e ed wi h he PCI
Fa aya NU o ganiza ion and played an impo an ole in managing amily inances, mic o businesses, o socio-economic
ac i i ies in hei communi ies.
Be o e he ac i i y began, he communi y se ice eam om he Facul y o Economics and Business a Pancasila Uni e si y
coo dina ed wi h he PCI Fa aya NU Malaysia managemen and ela ed ins i u ions h ough in ensi e communica ion, bo h
online and o line, o ensu e he ac i i y could un smoo hly acco ding o he ag eed schedule. The o ganiza ion's managemen
hen assis ed in p o iding da a on pa icipan s willing o ully pa icipa e in he aining and commi ed o comple ing he en i e
p og am.
The aining ma e ials we e sys ema ically designed o ensu e pa icipan s no only unde s ood he basic concep s o inancial
li e acy bu also could manage hei inances wisely and s uc u ally. The main opics co e ed include an in oduc ion o
pe sonal and amily inancial managemen concep s, simple cash low eco ding, budge planning, deb managemen , an
in oduc ion o banking p oduc s, in es men basics, and inancial isk li e acy. Addi ionally, pa icipan s we e ained o c ea e
sho - e m and long- e m inancial plans ailo ed o hei indi idual ci cums ances.
The aining ac i i ies we e conduc ed in e ac i ely using lec u es, discussions, case s udies, and hands-on p ac ice using
simple inancial eco ding examples. Th ough his aining, i is hoped ha membe s o PCI Fa aya NU Malaysia can imp o e
hei inancial managemen skills, c ea e e ec i e inancial plans, and op imize hei economic po en ial o he wel a e o
hemsel es, hei amilies, and hei communi ies.
The communi y se ice implemen a ion me hods include aining, echnology applica ion, men o ing, e alua ion, and
p og am sus ainabili y. The implemen a ion me hod is ca ied ou in se e al s ages, ailo ed o he p oblem a eas being
add essed. The ollowing a e he s eps o implemen ing he communi y se ice:
The s eps aken in implemen ing he communi y se ice p og am o be held in Malaysia a e as ollows:
1. Analysis o he Needs o he Indonesian Diaspo a in Malaysia
A his s age, he FEB-UP PKM Team held an online mee ing on July 7, 2025, wi h he PCI Fa aya NU Malaysia adminis a o s.
The mee ing was led by Ms. Dian As u y Pe iwi, Ms. Ni a, Ms. Wulan, Ms. Inah, and Ms. Ra a. The pu pose o he mee ing was
o de e mine wha inancial li e acy ma e ials he PCI Fa aya NU Malaysia membe s needed. The mee ing also aimed o
coo dina e he implemen a ion schedule.
Figu e 2 . Coo dina ion mee ing be ween he PKM Team and he PCI Fa aya NU Malaysia Managemen
Financial Planning o Financial F eedom
JEFMS, Volume 08 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025 www.ije m.co.in Page 6663
2. Planning and P epa a ion o Human Resou ces and In as uc u e
A his s age, he PKM Team di ided asks so ha each eam played a ole in he success o he e en . They coo dina ed wi h
FEB-UP s uden s as PKM acili a o s and ensu ed he smoo h ope a ion o he Zoom pla o m ha would be used du ing he
e en . They also held discussions ega ding he ma e ial o be p esen ed, p epa ed p e- and pos - es ques ions, and assessed
inancial managemen unde s anding. Pa ne s pa icipa ed in he p epa a ion, aining, and e alua ion phases. The goal o his
communi y se ice ac i i y was o imp o e he unde s anding o Indonesian diaspo a membe s in Malaysia ega ding inancial
li e acy. Obse a ions and an ini ial su ey, consis ing o a ques ionnai e (p e- es ), was adminis e ed o p ospec i e pa icipan s
in he indi idual and amily inancial planning aining one day be o e he PKM e en . To assess he achie emen o he
communi y se ice a ge s o objec i es, a pos - es and e alua ion will be conduc ed a e he aining.
3. Implemen a ion o Communi y Se ice Ac i i ies
Communi y Se ice ac i i ies was held on:
Day/Da e : Sa u day, July 26, 2025
Time : 7:00 PM WIB
Venue : Online using he Zoom applica ion
The Zoom link opened a 7:00 PM WIB and he e en began p omp ly a 7:30 PM WIB. Welcoming ema ks will was gi en by
each ep esen a i e, M . Bin ang Andhyka om FEB-UP, and Ms. Ma ga e Aliya ul Maimunah om he Gene al Chai pe son o
PP Fa aya NU. Following his, M . M. Nu uddin Subhan deli e ed he p esen a ion, ollowed by a ques ion-and-answe session.
Figu e 3 . Opening speech om he Gene al Chai pe son o PP Fa aya NU
Figu e 4 . P esen a ion and Ques ion-and-Answe session
Financial Planning o Financial F eedom
JEFMS, Volume 08 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025 www.ije m.co.in Page 6664
IV. RESULT
Based on he a endance lis , 17 pa icipan s a ended he PKM e en . A p e- es was adminis e ed o pa icipan s on F iday,
July 25, 2025, one day be o e he e en (June 26, 2025), o de e mine hei inancial li e acy. Sco es anged om 0 o 100. In he
p e- es , 73% sco ed 60 o highe , and a e he ma e ial was p esen ed, his inc eased o 95%. The PKM eam also conduc ed a
su ey on Financial Managemen .
Based on he su ey esul s ega ding esponden s' habi s in p epa ing budge s o special needs and unexpec ed needs, i
was ound ha mos esponden s (40%) ell in o he “some imes” ca ego y. This shows ha al hough esponden s a e awa e o
he need o se aside a budge , hey do no do so consis en ly. Meanwhile, 33.3% o esponden s s a ed ha hey o en p epa e
a budge , e lec ing a ela i ely mo e o ganized inancial planning beha io compa ed o he p e ious g oup. As o 26.7% o
esponden s, hey admi ed o always p epa ing a budge , indica ing a s ong commi men o pe sonal inancial managemen .
In e es ingly, he e we e no esponden s who chose he ne e ca ego y, so i can be in e p e ed ha all esponden s ha e a
ce ain le el o awa eness in an icipa ing sudden inancial needs.
The su ey esul s ega ding esponden s' habi s in in es ing o mee u u e inancial needs show ha he majo i y o
esponden s all in o he some imes ca ego y a 40%. This inding indica es ha mos esponden s ha e a endency o in es ,
bu no consis en ly. Fu he mo e, 33.3% o esponden s s a ed ha hey o en in es , e lec ing a ela i ely mo e egula
in es men beha io pa e n. Meanwhile, only a small po ion, namely 6.7%, chose he “always” ca ego y, indica ing a low le el
o commi men o con inuous in es ing. In e es ingly, 20% o esponden s s a ed ha hey ne e in es , showing ha he e is
s ill a g oup ha has no ye made in es ing a s a egy in hei u u e inancial planning.
The su ey esul s ega ding esponden s' habi s in sa ing su plus income o unexpec ed income show ha he majo i y o
esponden s chose he ca ego y “o en” a 46.7%. This indica es ha mos esponden s ha e a ai ly s ong endency o
immedia ely se aside addi ional income as a o m o inancial managemen . Fu he mo e, 40% o esponden s s a ed ha hey
always do his, which shows a high le el o commi men o main aining inancial s abili y h ough consis en sa ing habi s.
Meanwhile, only 13.3% o esponden s s a ed ha hey some imes sa e hei emaining income, which indica es ha hei
sa ing beha io is s ill inconsis en . These indings gene ally e lec a ai ly good le el o inancial awa eness among
esponden s, al hough he e is s ill a small pe cen age who do no egula ly alloca e addi ional income o sa ings.
Based on he su ey esul s ega ding esponden s' habi s in s o ing aluable asse s such as gold and land o u u e needs, i
was ound ha he majo i y o esponden s we e in he o en and some imes ca ego ies wi h he same pe cen age, namely
53.3% each. This shows ha mos esponden s ha e made asse s o age one o hei s a egies in inancial planning, al hough
he le el o consis ency a ies. Meanwhile, 13.3% o esponden s s a ed ha hey ne e s o e asse s in he o m o gold o land,
which indica es ha he e is a g oup ha does no ye see hese ins umen s as a p io i y in long- e m inancial managemen .
In e es ingly, no esponden s chose he “always” ca ego y, so i can be concluded ha he p ac ice o s o ing aluable asse s as
a o m o in es men is s ill ca ied ou pa ially and has no become a habi ha is uly ing ained among esponden s.
The su ey esul s ega ding esponden s' habi s in eco ding ou ine expenses, such as ood, be e ages, u ili y bills, wa e ,
and anspo a ion, show ha mos esponden s all in o he “o en” ca ego y a 46.7%. This indica es ha nea ly hal o he
esponden s a e qui e consis en in eco ding hei ou ine expenses as pa o hei pe sonal inancial managemen .
Meanwhile, 26.7% o esponden s s a ed ha hey ne e keep eco ds o hei expenses, e lec ing ha he e is s ill a g oup ha
has no implemen ed inancial eco d-keeping in hei daily li es. Fu he mo e, 20% o esponden s all in o he “some imes”
ca ego y, which indica es ha eco d-keeping is done inconsis en ly. Only 6.7% o esponden s s a ed ha hey always keep
eco ds o hei expenses, so i can be concluded ha he p ac ice o egula ly eco ding expenses has no ye become a habi
o he majo i y o esponden s.
Based on he su ey esul s ega ding esponden s' habi s in eco ding li es yle expenses, such as ec ea ion, dining ou wi h
amily, and o he en e ainmen ac i i ies, i was ound ha mos esponden s eco ded hese expenses in he “some imes”
ca ego y (40%). This shows ha eco ding li es yle expenses ends o be inconsis en . A o al o 33.3% o esponden s s a ed
ha hey o en eco d li es yle expenses, while 26.7% o esponden s s a ed ha hey ne e do so. In e es ingly, no esponden s
we e in he “always” ca ego y, indica ing ha he habi o eco ding li es yle expenses in a disciplined and egula manne is no
ye a common p ac ice among esponden s. These indings show ha inancial eco ding awa eness is mo e p e alen in aspec s
o ou ine needs han in ec ea ional expenses.
Based on he esul s o a su ey on he p o ision o special unds o deal wi h unexpec ed expenses, such as job loss o
na u al disas e s, i appea s ha esponden s ha e a ai ly good le el o awa eness. As many as 40% o esponden s s a ed ha
hey always se aside special unds, and he same p opo ion, 40%, s a ed ha hey o en do he same. This e lec s ha he
majo i y o esponden s al eady conside inancial p epa edness o be an impo an pa o pe sonal inancial managemen .
Meanwhile, 20% o esponden s s a ed ha hey only some imes se aside ese e unds, indica ing ha a small numbe a e s ill
Financial Planning o Financial F eedom
JEFMS, Volume 08 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025 www.ije m.co.in Page 6665
inconsis en in p epa ing eme gency unds. In e es ingly, no esponden s chose he “ne e ” ca ego y, meaning ha all
esponden s a leas pay a en ion o he impo ance o eme gency unds. These indings con i m ha p epa edness o
unexpec ed ci cums ances has begun o be embedded in he inancial beha io o mos esponden s.
Based on he su ey esul s ega ding esponden s' habi s in eco ding social expenses, such as alms, g oup con ibu ions,
and o he o ms o gi ing, a di e se pic u e eme ged. A o al o 33.3% o esponden s s a ed ha hey o en eco d hei
expenses, wi h he same p opo ion (33.3%) s a ing ha hey only some imes eco d hei social expenses. Fu he mo e, 20% o
esponden s s a ed ha hey always eco d social expenses consis en ly, while 13.3% o esponden s chose ne e o ne e o
eco d a all. These esul s indica e ha he p ac ice o eco ding social expenses has no become a widesp ead habi among
esponden s, e en hough mos o hem a e awa e o his aspec . These indings also indica e an oppo uni y o aise awa eness
o he impo ance o inancial eco ding in he ealm o social expenses, in o de o suppo mo e anspa en and con olled
pe sonal inancial managemen .
CONCLUSIONS
This p og am success ully educa ed he Indonesian diaspo a in Malaysia on he impo ance o inancial planning. Wi h
inancial li e acy s ill ela i ely low, his aining se es as an ini ial s ep o aise awa eness o he impo ance o p ope income
alloca ion and ho ough p epa a ion o inance impo an u u e expenses, such as child en's school ees.
The en husiasm o he pa icipan s demons a es he u gen need o inancial planning among he diaspo a.
Fu he mo e, his p og am also helps suppo he achie emen o sus ainable de elopmen goals (SDGs), such as ze o po e y
and decen wo k. Fo u u e p og ams, i is ecommended o expand he scope o he aining by in ol ing mo e Indonesian
diaspo a membe s in a ious coun ies. Fu he mo e, he aining me hod can be de eloped by p o iding mo e de ailed
simula ions o hands-on p ac ice ela ed o inancial planning, including he use o mode n inancial echnology ools.
Addi ionally, collabo a ion wi h inancial ins i u ions and local go e nmen s can s eng hen aining ou comes and p o ide
pa icipan s wi h b oade access o apply he knowledge hey gain in hei daily li es.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The au ho s would like o exp ess hei since e g a i ude o he expe s and esea che s who p o ided aluable insigh s
and eedback h oughou he de elopmen o his s udy. Special hanks go o he membe s o Uni e si y o Pancasila o hei
con ibu ions o he unding, da a analysis and in e p e a ion.
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