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SOFTENED WOOL AND OTHER FIBERS MIXTURE TECHNOLOGICAL
PROPERTIES
Azizbek Ibodulloye ich Rajabo
Sano a A oe na Kham ae a
¹Doc o al S uden , Bukha a S a e Technical Uni e si y,
²P o esso , Tashken Ins i u e o Tex ile and Ligh Indus y, Doc o o Technical
Sciences
asadiyo [email protected], samo a -xam ae a@mail. u
Abs ac . This in he a icle so ened sheep wool o he ibe s — iscose , polyes e and
na u al ibe s wi h mixed in he s a e echnological p ope ies s udied . Mixed in he
composi ion o ibe s lexibili y , one di e si y , physical-mechanical connec ion le el
and lexibili y analysis The esea ch was conduc ed esul s mix u e ib ous p oduc s
wo king op imal p opo ions in p oduc ion de ini ion , p oduc quali y inc ease and
ene gy economical echnologies in use impo an impo ance has .
Keywo ds : so ened wool , blend , echnical p ope ies , iscose , polyes e , elas ici y
, quali y
Blending so ened sheep wool ibe s wi h syn he ic (polyes e , ac ylic) and na u al
(co on) ibe s is widely used in oday's ex ile indus y. This p ocess se es o combine
he ad an ages o bo h ibe s and imp o e he quali y o he p oduc .
1. So ened wool + Polyes e (PET) ibe blend balances he na u al hea e en ion
p ope ies o wool + he du abili y and hyg oscopici y o polyes e . The p ope ies o
he So ened wool + Polyes e (PET) ibe blend a e p esen ed in Table 4.9.
Table 1
P ope ies o a blend o so ened wool + Polyes e (PET) ibe s
Indica o s
The mix u e ea u e
Mechanical s eng h
Ve y high, polyes e is oughe and
mo e du able han wool
Hyg oscopici y
Th ough he wool s o ed (polyes e o
low hyg oscopici y owne )
To wash endu ance
30–40% polyes e , high- quali y is
sa ed
In he p oduc sh inkage
Will be educed ( he na u al w inkling
o he wool will be educed)
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Aes he ic appea ance
Shiny , so , ha dness and elas ici y
balanced
P ocessing empe a u e
Polyes e op a empe a u e mel ing
possible (max. 180°C), cau ion need
70% Wool + 30% Polyes e
he hea p o ec i e and he esul ing
p oduc is du able
30% Wool + 70% Polyes e
economical , ligh , high esis an o
p ocessing
The p ope ies o he so ened wool + Ac ylic (PAN – polyac yloni ile) blend a e
p esen ed in Table 4.10.
Ac ylic is called “syn he ic wool.” When used wi h wool, he p ice o he p oduc
dec eases and washing becomes easie .
Table 1.2
P ope ies o he so ened wool + Ac ylic (PAN – polyac yloni ile) blend
Index
The mix u e ea u e
So ness
Ve y high, a k ill and so ened wool o
each o he sui able
Hea o keep
Ac ylic and wool oge he p o ides
good insula ion
In he wash unexpec ed con ac ion
Low (ac ylic wool) s abilizes )
To he pilling inclina ion
In ac ylic pilling ( collec ion poin s ) is
a isk
Hypoalle genici y
Ac ylic alle gies possible – cau ion need
60% Wool + 40% Ac ylic
mo e na u alness keeps
50/50
ligh , washable du able p oduc
30% Wool + 70% Ac ylic
cheap and a e y so p oduc is
ob ained
3. The p ope ies o he so ened wool + co on blend a e gi en in Table 1. This
ibe p oduc is hea - esis an , b ea hable, ligh weigh , and highly hyg oscopic.
Table 1.3
Indica o s
P ope ies o he mix u e
Hyg oscopici y
Bo h ibe s abso b mois u e well.
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The esul s o he compa ison o he gene al p ope ies o he mix u e a e p esen ed in
Table 4.12.
Table 1.4
Resul s o a compa ison o p ope ies o so ened wool and o he ibe blends
Componen s
Hea
So nes
s
Hyg osc
opici y
S abili y
in
washing
Aes he
ics
P ice
Wool +
Polyes e
🟢
🟢🟢
🟢🟢
🟢
🟢🟢
🟢
A e age
Wool +
Ac ylic
🟢🟢
🟢
🟢
🟢🟢
🟢🟢🟢
🟢🟢
🟢
Cheap
Wool +
Co on
🟢🟢
🟢
🟢🟢
🟢
🟢
🟢🟢🟢
🟢🟢
🟢
Mo e
expensi e
In conclusion, i can be shown ha so ened sheep wool is polyes e Mixing wi h - o
du able, wash- esis an and economical p oduc s, ac ylic Blending wi h co on is
p e e able o p oducing so and inexpensi e p oduc s, while blending wi h co on is
p e e able o p oducing hygienic and skin- iendly, high-quali y p oduc s.
So sheep wool, polyes e , PAN (ac ylic) and co on ibe dyeing p ocess and
pa ame e s
1. Dyeing o so ened sheep wool and polyes e ibe s is ca ied ou in 2 s ages. Since
wool is a hyd ophilic, na u al p o ein-based ibe , and polyes e (PET) is a
hyd ophobic, syn he ic polyes e ibe , bo h ibe s ha e di e en chemical na u es, and
he e o e a e dyed a di e en dyes and empe a u es. The ypes o dyes o dyeing
sheep wool ibe s and polyes e a e gi en in Table 1.5.
Table 1.5
Types o dyes used o dyeing wool and polyes e
Fibe
Pain ype
So ness
High so ness based on so ened wool
Hea p ese a ion
Wool is good o he p ice, bu co on doesn' e ain
hea .
Cleaning and washing
Low sh inkage in washing, easy o elease oil
Hypoalle genici y
Na u al ibe s a e com o able o human skin
70% Wool + 30% Co on
A wa m and so p oduc is ob ained
30% Wool + 70% Co on
I is in ended o he p oduc ion o ligh summe
p oduc s
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Shea ed and so ened sheep's
wool in he au umn season
Acid (acid), and
ace ic acid
1–2%
sul a e sal s
0.5%
Polyes e ibe
Dispe sion
Tempe a u e, °C
70
S o age in mo ion a he
speci ied empe a u e, ime,
min
40
Demine alized wa e , li e
100
2. Dyeing so ened sheep wool and Ac ylic (PAN) ibe s canno be dyed a he same
ime because he wo ibe s ha e di e en chemical p ope ies. The e o e, sepa a e
wo-s age dyeing is ecommended.
The pa ame e s o dyes used o dyeing so ened sheep wool and Ac ylic (PAN) ibe s
a e p esen ed in Table 1.6.
Table 1.6
Dyeing pa ame e s o so ened sheep wool and ac ylic (PAN) ibe s
S ep
Tempe a u e
pH
Time
Pain ype
1. Dyeing wool
85–95°C
4.5
30–40 min
Ace ic acid,
chlo ides as
acid dye and
ca alys
2. Ac ylic
pain ing
95–105°C
3.5–4.5
20–30 min
As a basic dye
and ca alys ,
dispe san s,
s abilize s
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3. I is possible o dye so ened sheep wool + co on blend ibe s in one s ep , o which
a eac i e-acid mix u e dye should be used. The dyes and pa ame e s used o dyeing
so ened sheep wool + co on blend ibe s in one s ep a e also p esen ed.
Table 1.6
Dyes and pa ame e s used o one-s ep dyeing o sheep's wool + co on blend ibe s
Fibe con en
Pain ype and pa ame e s
Wool + Co on
Acid + Reac i e dyes
Tempe a u e, °C
80
S o age in mo ion a he speci ied
empe a u e, ime, min
40
Rega ding ibe dyeing, i can be concluded ha dyeing wool and polyes e ibe s is
di icul , has poo mechanical s eng h and aes he ic appea ance, while dyeing wool
and ac ylic is no di icul , he esul ing p oduc is so and inexpensi e, and al hough
i is mo e di icul o dye wool and co on, he p oduc p oduced om i is hygienic and
na u al.
Economic e iciency o esea ch
By so ening he wool ibe , he imp o emen o i s physical and mechanical
pa ame e s, as well as he inc ease o e iciency in echnological p ocesses, b ing
signi ican economic bene i s.
A e he so ening p ocess, he s eng h o he wool ibe is inc eased, he leng h and
uni o mi y o he ibe is imp o ed, he ibe is hinne and mo e elas ic, and i is
cleaned om impu i ies. P ocessing equi es less ene gy and ime, and allows o a
highe quali y p oduc .
The ollowing o mula is used o de e mine economic e iciency:
Economic e iciency (in soums)=(High-quali y p oduc ou pu di e ence)×(1 kg
p oduc p ice)−Mi iga ion cos s
Based on he esul o so ening 1 on o sp ing wool in Bukha a egion, i was
calcula ed using he alues gi en in able 4.9.
Table 1.7
Indica o name
Unbleached wool
So ened wool
P oduc ou pu om
shea ed wool
60%
75%
P ice o 1 kg o inished
ya n
80,000 sum
80,000 sum
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So ening cos s ( o 1 o
wool)
-
4,000,000 sum
Ou pu o wool ibe om 1 on o wool wi hou so ening:
1000 kg×60%=600 kg
Fibe ou pu om 1 on o so ened wool:
1000kg×75%=750kg
Di e ence: 750−600=150kg
Di e ence in income (p o i ): 150kg×80000 soum=12000000 soum
Economic e iciency:
12000000 soums (income)−4000000 soums (expenses)=8000000 soums p o i
By so ening 1 on o wool, you can ge a p o i o abou 8 million soums. This will
simul aneously inc ease p ocessing e iciency, imp o e p oduc quali y, and allow you
o sell i on he ma ke a compe i i e p ices .
Summa y o Chap e 4:
1. In conduc ing a ull-scale expe imen , he adjus men ac o s in he wool ibe
p ocessing equipmen we e ho oughly s udied and X 1 - he speed o he cleaning-
cleaning d um, pm, X 2 - he o a ion speed o he an, pm, X 3 - he mass o he
emulsion con en , % we e chosen as he inpu ac o s. U 1 - ibe diame e , mic on, U 2
- s eng h, sN/m ex, U 3 - ibe elas ici y, %, U 4 - ibe elonga ion a b eak, % p ope ies
we e selec ed as ou pu pa ame e s .
2. I was ound ha in o de o ob ain high esul s in e ms o diame e , s eng h,
ibe elas ici y, and elonga ion a b eak o so ened ka akul sheep wool ibe s as a esul
o p ocessing wool ibe s sho n in he au umn season, i is necessa y o se he X 1 -
cleaning d um speed o 800 pm, X 2 - an o a ion speed o 1500 pm, and X 3 - emulsion
composi ion Ciba Sapamine OC - 2 kg, T iamon - 3 kg .
3. Since he mul i a ia e eg ession models o FR
/<FT бso wool shea ed in he
au umn season we e dead , he hypo hesis ha he model ob ained unde he e ec o
he ou pu pa ame e is signi ican , was no ejec ed.
4. So ened sheep wool polyes e Mixing wi h - o du able, wash- esis an and
economical p oduc s, ac ylic Blending wi h co on was conside ed p e e able o so
and inexpensi e p oduc s, and blending wi h co on was conside ed p e e able o he
p oduc ion o hygienic and skin- iendly, high-quali y p oduc s.
5. Dyeing wool and polyes e ibe s is di icul , bu hey ha e mechanical s eng h
and aes he ic appea ance. Dyeing wool and ac ylic is no di icul , he esul ing p oduc
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is so and inexpensi e. Al hough i is mo e di icul o mix wool wi h co on, he
p oduc made om i is hygienic and na u al.
sho n in he all , an economic bene i o 8 million soums can be achie ed due o
inc eased e iciency and imp o ed p oduc quali y. This will allow he so ened wool
sho n in he local all o be sold a compe i i e p ices in he ma ke .
The esea ch demons a ed ha blending so ened sheep wool wi h syn he ic and
na u al ibe s such as polyes e , ac ylic (PAN), and co on p o ides signi ican
imp o emen s in he echnological p ope ies and economic e iciency o ex ile
p oduc s. Expe imen al analysis con i med ha each blend o e s speci ic ad an ages
depending on he ibe a io. A wool–polyes e blend p oduced du able, wash- esis an ,
and cos -e ec i e ab ics, whe e 70% wool + 30% polyes e ensu ed hea e en ion and
s eng h, while 30% wool + 70% polyes e esul ed in ligh e , economical ab ics wi h
high p ocessing esis ance. Wool–ac ylic blends deli e ed excellen so ness and
insula ion a lowe cos , hough pilling endency and possible alle genic e ec s equi e
conside a ion. A 50/50 composi ion yielded washable, du able ex iles, while highe
ac ylic con en enhanced so ness and a o dabili y. Wool–co on blends p o ided
supe io b ea habili y, hyg oscopici y, and skin com o , making hem ideal o
hygienic, high-quali y p oduc s; howe e , hey a e ela i ely mo e expensi e. Dyeing
analysis e ealed ha wool–polyes e blends equi e wo-s age p ocessing due o hei
di e ing chemical na u es, making colo a ion mo e complex bu aes he ically
a ac i e. Wool–ac ylic blends a e compa a i ely easie o dye, p oducing so and
inexpensi e ou comes, while wool–co on blends can be dyed in a single s ep using
acid– eac i e combina ions, yielding na u al, hygienic ab ics. F om an economic
pe spec i e, so ening wool signi ican ly inc eased p ocessing e iciency and p oduc
quali y. Calcula ions showed ha p ocessing one on o so ened wool in Bukha a
inc eased ibe yield om 600 kg o 750 kg, gene a ing an addi ional p o i o abou 8
million UZS. Fu he mo e, op imal machine pa ame e s (800 pm cleaning d um
speed, 1500 pm an speed, and speci ic emulsion composi ion) imp o ed ibe
diame e , s eng h, elas ici y, and elonga ion a b eak.
In conclusion, blending so ened wool wi h polyes e , ac ylic, o co on enables he
p oduc ion o high-quali y, ene gy-e icien , and ma ke -compe i i e ex iles. These
indings demons a e p ac ical solu ions o mode nizing he Uzbek ex ile indus y and
enhancing global compe i i eness.
Li e a u e.
. 1. Kazako F., Sa a o a N., Rajabo A., Nodi o a M. — “A S udy o he Basic
Physico-Mechanical and Technological P ope ies o Camel Wool Fibe ” //
In e na ional scien i ic jou nal, ISSN 2541-8084, № 6-2, 2021, June, pp31-41 2022
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2. . Ham aye a.S.A., , Radjabo A.I., Nodi o a M.N.”Balance o h ead on he su ace
o ab ic”.//Resul s o Na ional Scien i ic Resea ch Volume 1 Issue 4 ISSN: 2181-3639
BB161-168 2022
3. Radjabo A.I., Nodi o a M.N., Giyaso a D.R. — “Строение и свойства
шерстяных волокон Узбекистана” // Материалы Международной научно-
практической конференции «Концептуальные подходы, инновационные
решения в производстве текстильной и легкой промышленности», Ургенчский
государственный университет имени Абу Райхана Беруни, 14-15 мая 2025 г., с.
275–277.
4. Kham ae a S., Giyaso a D. & Kazako a D. – “P ocessing o Local Wool Fibe and
Technology o Ob aining Th eads o Mixed Composi ion” // Mode n Inno a ions
Sys ems and Technologies, 2022, Vol. 2(1), 83–
93 be la .h ps://schola .google.com/schola ?hl=en&as_sd =0%2C5&q=wool+kham
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5.. CN103917705 A – “Me hod o inishing wool pile ab ic wi h hea ed polishing
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6. ISO 18103:2015 – "Tex iles — Wool — De e mina ion o ibe diame e —
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me hod)"h ps://cdn.s anda ds.i eh.ai/samples/61439/16094c0569da492 9eb16679 3
402964/ISO-18103-2015.pd
7. ГОСТ 17514–93 – “Шерсть натуральная. Методы определения
тонины”h ps://megano m. u/Da a2/1/4294835/4294835256.pd
8.U ozo M.K., Toshbeko O.A., Raximo a K. & Bobomu odo E. – “Jun olasi
diame i a no ekisligini aniqlash” // Eu asian Jou nal o Academic Resea ch,
2022, 2(13)-son, 789-be .h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.7466576
