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RA JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH
ISSN: 2394-6709
DOI:10.47191/ aja / 11i10.06
Volume: 11 Issue: 10 Oc obe 2025
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884
Le Minh Thanh1, RAJAR Volume 11 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025
S udy on De e mining App op ia e P o ein Le els in he Die o Naked Neck
Chickens in Nghe An
Le Minh Thanh1, Nguyen Thi Linh1, Pham Thai Hoang1, Pham Hai Ninh2, Nguyen Tai Toan3
1Nghe An Science and Technology Applica ion Cen e
2Ins i u e o Animal Husband y
3Lec u e a Vinh Uni e si y
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Published Online:
10 Oc obe 2025
Co esponding Au ho :
Le Minh Thanh
This s udy aimed o de e mine he app op ia e die a y p o ein le els o comme cial Naked Neck
chickens in Nghe An p o ince, Vie nam. A o al o 450 one-day-old chicks we e andomly assigned
o h ee ea men s wi h di e en c ude p o ein le els: 17%, 18%, and 19% (0–8 weeks), and 15%,
16%, and 17% (9–16 weeks), while me abolizable ene gy was kep cons an a 3000 Kcal/kg.
G ow h pe o mance, su i al a e, and body weigh we e e alua ed o e 16 weeks. The esul s
showed ha p o ein le els did no signi ican ly a ec su i al, which emained high (93.33–
94.67%). Howe e , body weigh was s ongly in luenced by die a y p o ein con en . Chickens ed
wi h highe p o ein die s (19% o 0–8 weeks and 17% o 9–16 weeks) consis en ly achie ed he
highes body weigh s a all s ages, while hose on he lowes p o ein die s (17% and 15%) had he
lowes weigh s. These indings sugges ha a die a y p o ein le el o 19% in he s a e phase and
17% in he g owe phase is mos sui able o op imizing g ow h pe o mance in comme cial Naked
Neck chickens, wi hou comp omising su i al.
KEYWORDS: Naked Neck chicken, die a y p o ein, g ow h pe o mance, su i al a e, body weigh , indigenous b eed
1. INTRODUCTION
P o ein nu i ion in poul y p oduc ion is an
impo an nu i ional indica o ha di ec ly a ec s heal h,
p oduc i i y, and p oduc quali y. B oile chickens equi e
ela i ely high le els o p o ein in hei die o suppo apid
g ow h. Pa o his weigh gain is he g ow h o p o ein- ich
issues. The e o e, eed a ions need o p o ide app op ia e
p o ein le els acco ding o b eed and g ow h s age in o de o
achie e op imal pe o mance. De e mining sui able
nu i ional die s o each b eed and p oduc ion s age helps
imp o e p oduc i i y, educe p oduc ion cos s, and inc ease
economic e iciency.
Wi h he g owing demand o indigenous chicken
mea , p oduce s mus ocus on nu i ion o op imize hei
po en ial. Nu ien abso p ion, especially c ude p o ein, plays
an impo an ole in he p oduc i i y and mea quali y o
b oile chickens (Mi e al., 2017).
The Naked Neck chicken is an indigenous b eed
o igina ing om Hanh Dich commune, Que Phong dis ic ,
Nghe An p o ince. I is cha ac e ized by di e se ea he
colo s—males a e mos ly ed-b own while emales a e b own
wi h black spo s. Bo h sexes sha e he dis inc i e ea u e o a
ea he less neck. Naked Neck chickens adap well o
moun ainous e ain and na u al clima e condi ions, ha e high
disease esis ance, and p oduce as y mea and eggs.
Howe e , no esea ch has ye been conduc ed on sui able
nu i ion o comme cial Naked Neck chickens.
Fo ha eason, we conduc ed he esea ch p ojec :
“S udy on de e mining app op ia e p o ein le els in he die
o comme cial naked neck chickens in Nghe An”.
II. MATERIAL AND METHODS
2.1. Ma e ial
- Resea ch ma e ials: One-day-old naked-neck
chickens o he expe imen : 50 chicks/lo , 3 lo s, 3
eplica ions. To al: 450 chicks.
- Resea ch loca ion: Nghe An Science and
Technology Applica ion Cen e , Nghe An p o ince, Vie nam.
- Resea ch pe iod: Ap il 20, 2024 – Augus 9, 2024.
“S udy on De e mining App op ia e P o ein Le els in he Die o Naked Neck Chickens in Nghe An”
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Le Minh Thanh1, RAJAR Volume 11 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025
Figu e 1: One-day-old naked-neck chickens
2.2. Me hods
* Expe imen al Die s:
The expe imen al die s we e designed ollowing a
comple ely andomized single- ac o model:
- S age 0–8 weeks o age: h ee p o ein le els (Lo
1: 17%, Lo 2: 18%, Lo 3: 19%), wi h he same ene gy le el
o 3000 Kcal/kg.
- S age 9–16 weeks o age: h ee p o ein le els (Lo
1: 15%, Lo 2: 16%, Lo 3: 17%), wi h he same ene gy le el
o 3000 Kcal/kg. Each s age in he lo s was eplica ed h ee
imes.
The expe imen al chickens we e ea ed on li e in
na u ally en ila ed housing. Husband y, e e ina y hygiene,
and disease p e en ion p ocedu es we e applied acco ding o
he Ri chicken aising p o ocol. All expe imen al lo s we e
uni o m in b eed, ca e, and sani a y condi ions, di e ing only
in he expe imen al ac o ( eed).
Objec i e: To de e mine he app op ia e p o ein
le el in die s o comme cial naked-neck chickens a h ee
le els, as ollows:
Table 1: Expe imen al design scheme
Indica o
Lo 1
Lo 2
Lo 3
S age 0–8 weeks
KP1
KP2
KP3
ME (kcal/kg)
3000
3000
3000
P o ein (%)
17
18
19
S age 9–16 weeks
KP1
KP2
KP3
ME (kcal/kg)
3000
3000
3000
P o ein (%)
15
16
17
Numbe o chicks/ eplica ion: 50, eplica ions: 3. To al chicks: 450
Table 2: Nu i ional alues o naked-neck chickens (1–8 weeks o age)
Nu ien
Lo 1
Lo 2
Lo 3
ME (Kcal/kg)
3000
3000
3000
P o ein (%)
17
18
19
C ude a (%)
4.44
4.58
4.62
C ude ibe (%)
2.88
2.84
2.85
Calcium (%)
0.81
0.92
0.98
Phospho us (%)
0.52
0.57
0.59
Lysine (%)
0.89
0.96
1.03
Me hionine (%)
0.51
0.53
0.54
Table 3: Nu i ional alues o naked-neck chickens (9–16 weeks o age)
Nu ien
Lo 1
Lo 2
Lo 3
ME (Kcal/kg)
3000
3000
3000
P o ein (%)
15
16
17
“S udy on De e mining App op ia e P o ein Le els in he Die o Naked Neck Chickens in Nghe An”
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Le Minh Thanh1, RAJAR Volume 11 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025
C ude a (%)
4.27
4.42
4.48
C ude ibe (%)
3.06
3.05
3.12
Calcium (%)
0.99
1.10
1.11
Phospho us (%)
0.60
0.65
0.65
Lysine (%)
0.76
0.83
0.90
Me hionine (%)
0.57
0.59
0.61
* Moni o ing indica o s: The moni o ing indica o s we e de e mined acco ding o TCVN 13474-1:2022 – Pa 1: Poul y
b eeds.
* Da a analysis me hods: Expe imen al da a we e
analyzed s a is ically by ANOVA using he GLM p ocedu e
in Mini ab 16.0 so wa e. The esul s a e p esen ed as mean
alues ± s anda d e o (SE). Tukey’s es was applied o
compa e mean alues a a 95% con idence le el. Di e ences
we e conside ed s a is ically signi ican a P < 0.05.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1. E ec s o p o ein le els on he su i al a e o
comme cial naked neck chickens
We conduc ed a s udy o e alua e he e ec s o
p o ein le els on he su i al a e o comme cial naked neck
chickens ac oss weeks o age. The esul s a e p esen ed in
Table 4.
Table 4: Su i al a e o comme cial naked neck chickens ac oss weeks o age (%)
Week o age
Lo 1
Lo 2
Lo 3
01 day-old
150 (100.00%)
150 (100.00%)
150 (100.00%)
1 week
147 (98.00%)
147 (98.00%)
147 (98.00%)
2 weeks
142 (94.67%)
144 (96.00%)
143 (95.33%)
3 weeks
141 (94.00%)
141 (94.00%)
143 (95.33%)
4–15 weeks
140 (93.33%)
141 (94.00%)
142 (94.67%)
16 weeks
140 (93.33ᵃ)
141 (94.00ᵃ)
142 (94.67ᵃ)
No e: Mean alues wi h di e en supe sc ip le e s in he same ow a e signi ican ly di e en (P<0.05); o he wise,
hey a e no .
F om Table 4, i can be obse ed ha he su i al
a e o comme cial naked neck chickens was ela i ely high
and s able h oughou he weeks o age. Mo ali y mainly
occu ed du ing he ea ly weeks and g adually dec eased in
la e weeks. O e all, Lo 3 had he highes su i al a e a
94.67%, ollowed by Lo 2 a 94.00%, and Lo 1 a 93.33%.
Howe e , s a is ical compa ison showed no signi ican
di e ences among he g oups (P>0.05). Thus, he su i al
a e o comme cial naked neck chickens up o 16 weeks o
age anged om 93.33% o 94.67%.
Nguyen Thanh Son e al. (2017) conduc ed an
expe imen on VP34 and VP35 chickens wi h di e en
p o ein le els and epo ed su i al a es anging om
90.67% o 92.00% om day-old o 16 weeks o age. These
esul s we e lowe han hose ound in ou s udy on
comme cial naked neck chickens o e he same pe iod.
Pham Cong Thieu e al. (2020), in a de ailed gene ic
e alua ion o naked neck chickens, epo ed a su i al a e o
94.48% up o 16 weeks o age, which is compa able o ou
s udy esul s o he same s age.
3.2. E ec s o p o ein le els on he body weigh o
comme cial naked neck chickens
To de e mine he e ec s o di e en p o ein le els
in he die on he g ow h pe o mance o he expe imen al
chickens, we measu ed hei body weigh weekly. The esul s
a e p esen ed in Table 5.
* S age 0–4 weeks o age:
Table 5: E ec s o p o ein le els in eed on he body weigh o comme cial naked neck chickens om 1 day-old o 4 weeks
o age (g)
Week o age
Lo 1
(P o ein 17%)
Lo 2
(P o ein 18%)
Lo 3
(P o ein 19%)
01 day-old
28.98 ± 2.35
(CV 8.11%)
29.07 ± 2.21 (CV 7.60%)
29.75 ± 2.18
(CV 7.32%)
1 week
53.81 ± 6.85
(CV 11.68%)
58.03 ± 6.40 (CV
11.03%)
60.14 ± 6.38
(CV 10.61%)
2 weeks
92.08 ± 10.95
(CV 11.89%)
97.64 ± 12.18 (CV
11.89%)
104.20 ± 12.18
(CV 11.69%)
“S udy on De e mining App op ia e P o ein Le els in he Die o Naked Neck Chickens in Nghe An”
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3 weeks
148.94 ± 18.27
(CV 12.27%)
156.95 ± 19.38 (CV
12.35%)
165.87 ± 20.29
(CV 12.23%)
4 weeks
217.96ᶜ ± 28.28
(CV 12.97%)
227.45ᵇ ± 29.02 (CV
12.76%)
237.39ᵃ ± 29.93
(CV 12.61%)
No e: Mean alues wi h di e en supe sc ip le e s in he same ow a e signi ican ly di e en (P<0.05); o he wise, hey
a e no .
A he beginning o he expe imen (day-old), he
chickens we e ela i ely uni o m (a e age anging om
28.99 g o 29.77 g). This body weigh was consis en wi h he
indings o Pham Cong Thieu e al. (2020), who epo ed he
weigh o naked neck chickens a 1 day-old was 29.40 g/bi d.
Howe e , i was lowe han ha o naked neck chickens
aised a Lien Ninh Expe imen al Fa m (31.87 g/bi d) (Ho
Xuan Tung e al., 2020).
A he end o he 0–4 week s age, body weigh in Lo
2 and Lo 3 began o inc ease mo e apidly compa ed o Lo
1. Speci ically, a 4 weeks o age, he body weigh o chickens
in Lo 3 was 237.39 g, Lo 2 was 227.45 g, and Lo 1 was he
lowes a 217.96 g. The di e ences in body weigh a 4 weeks
we e s a is ically signi ican (P<0.05).
Pham Cong Thieu e al. (2020) epo ed ha naked
neck chickens had an a e age body weigh o 255.83 g/bi d
a 4 weeks o age. Ho Xuan Tung e al. (2020) ound ha
naked neck chickens aised a Lien Ninh Expe imen al Fa m
weighed 243.06 g/bi d a 4 weeks. Ngo Thi Kim Cuc and
Nguyen Cong Dinh (2017), in hei s udy on app op ia e
p o ein le els o Mong chickens, epo ed a body weigh o
274.33–293.00 g/bi d a 4 weeks, indica ing ha naked neck
chickens we e ligh e han Mong chickens.
* S age 5–8 weeks o age:
Figu e 3: Naked Neck emale chicken a 8 weeks old
This is he pe iod when chickens expe ience he
as es body weigh gain. Du ing his s age, we obse ed
no iceable di e ences in body weigh among die a y
ea men s. A he end o 8 weeks, Lo 3 eached he highes
Figu e 2: Naked Neck chicken a 4 weeks old
“S udy on De e mining App op ia e P o ein Le els in he Die o Naked Neck Chickens in Nghe An”
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Le Minh Thanh1, RAJAR Volume 11 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025
body weigh (634.15 g), ollowed by Lo 2 (607.94 g), and
he lowes was Lo 1 (596.86 g). S a is ical analysis showed
ha he di e ence in body weigh be ween Lo 1 and Lo 3
was signi ican (P<0.05). Thus, du ing his s age, chickens
ed die s con aining 19% p o ein g ew he as es .
Pham Cong Thieu e al. (2020) epo ed ha naked
neck chickens a 8 weeks o age weighed 661.33 g/bi d o
males and 557.67 g/bi d o emales, wi h an a e age o
609.50 g/bi d, which was compa able o he esul s in ou
s udy on comme cial naked neck chickens.
Ho Xuan Tung e al. (2020) ound ha naked neck
chickens aised a Lien Ninh Expe imen al Fa m had an
a e age body weigh o 665.10 g/bi d a 8 weeks, highe han
he esul s o ou expe imen al chickens.
Table 6: E ec s o p o ein le els in eed on he body weigh o comme cial naked neck chickens om 5 o 8 weeks o age (g)
Week o age
Lo 1
(P o ein 17%)
Lo 2
(P o ein 18%)
Lo 3
(P o ein 19%)
5 weeks
297.43 ± 39.92
(CV 13.42%)
305.53 ± 40.63
(CV 13.30%)
319.68 ± 42.04
(CV 13.15%)
6 weeks
387.21 ± 52.55
(CV 13.57%)
394.40 ± 54.84
(CV 13.91%)
411.90 ± 56.19
(CV 13.64%)
7 weeks
484.21 ± 68.83
(CV 14.22%)
494.89 ± 70.54
(CV 14.25%)
517.64 ± 72.91
(CV 14.08%)
8 weeks
596.86ᵇ ± 89.40
(CV 14.98%)
607.94ᵇ ± 89.27
(CV 14.68%)
634.15ᵃ ± 96.46
(CV 15.21%)
No e: Mean alues wi h di e en supe sc ip le e s in he same ow a e signi ican ly di e en (P<0.05); o he wise, hey
a e no .
* S age 9–16 weeks o age:
Figu e 4: Naked Neck male chicken a 16 weeks old
Du ing his pe iod, chickens began o g ow mo e
slowly. A 16 weeks o age, he highes body weigh was
obse ed in Lo 3 (1288.2 g), ollowed by Lo 2 (1226.5 g),
and he lowes was Lo 1 (1185.5 g). S a is ical analysis
e ealed ha body weigh s in Lo 1 and Lo 3 di e ed
signi ican ly (P<0.05), while he e was no signi ican
di e ence be ween Lo 1 and Lo 2 (P>0.05). The e o e, die s
wi h 17% p o ein esul ed in he highes body weigh a 16
weeks, sugges ing his le el was he mos app op ia e.
Pham Cong Thieu e al. (2020), in a de ailed gene ic
e alua ion o naked neck chickens, epo ed an a e age body
weigh o 1062.65 g/bi d a 16 weeks (males and emales
combined), which was lowe han in ou s udy. Al hough bo h
s udies in ol ed naked neck chickens, ou esul s showed
highe weigh s a 16 weeks, likely due o be e ca e and
eeding condi ions compa ed o conse a ion locks a he
local le el.
Ho Xuan Tung e al. (2020) epo ed ha naked neck
chickens aised a Lien Ninh Expe imen al Fa m had a body
weigh o 1656.00 g/bi d a 16 weeks, highe han he
comme cial naked neck chickens in ou expe imen .
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Le Minh Thanh1, RAJAR Volume 11 Issue 10 Oc obe 2025
Table 7: E ec s o p o ein le els in eed on he body weigh o comme cial naked neck chickens om 9 o 16 weeks o age
(g)
Week o
age
Lo 1
(P o ein 15%)
Lo 2
(P o ein 16%)
Lo 3
(P o ein 17%)
9 weeks
693.93 ± 100.60
(CV 14.50%)
708.72 ± 99.30
(CV 14.01%)
738.52 ± 106.51
(CV 14.42%)
10 weeks
783.14 ± 109.49
(CV 13.98%)
800.35 ± 108.60
(CV 13.57%)
834.12 ± 115.89
(CV 13.89%)
11 weeks
866.00 ± 118.21
(CV 13.65%)
886.30 ± 119.20
(CV 13.45%)
923.80 ± 126.10
(CV 13.66%)
12 weeks
941.60 ± 126.40
(CV 13.43%)
965.40 ± 126.40
(CV 13.09%)
1007.90 ± 135.00
(CV 13.40%)
13 weeks
1010.50 ± 132.80
(CV 13.14%)
1038.40 ± 133.80
(CV 12.88%)
1082.30 ± 140.80
(CV 13.01%)
14 weeks
1073.00 ± 138.60
(CV 12.92%)
1105.80 ± 139.90
(CV 12.65%)
1155.40 ± 146.10
(CV 12.65%)
15 weeks
1131.10 ± 143.20
(CV 12.66%)
1168.70 ± 147.50
(CV 12.62%)
1221.90 ± 150.00
(CV 12.27%)
16 weeks
1185.50ᵇ ± 146.10
(CV 12.32%)
1226.50ᵇ ± 152.20
(CV 12.41%)
1288.20ᵃ ± 155.00
(CV 12.03%)
No e: Mean alues wi h di e en supe sc ip le e s in he same ow a e signi ican ly di e en (P<0.05); o he wise,
hey a e no .
Thus, chickens ed wi h di e en p o ein le els
du ing his s age did no show la ge a ia ions in body weigh .
Howe e , om 5 o 16 weeks, body weigh di e ences
became mo e p onounced: he g ow h cu e o Lo 1
consis en ly emained he lowes , while he g ow h cu e o
Lo 3 inc easingly di e ged om hose o Lo 2 and Lo 1.
4. CONCLUSION
- Di e en p o ein le els in he die did no a ec
su i al a e. The su i al a e anged om 93.33% o
94.67%.
- A he end o he ial, g oup 3 wi h p o ein le els
o 19% (0–8 weeks) and 17% (9–16 weeks) achie ed he
highes body weigh , while g oup 1 wi h 17% (0–8 weeks)
and 15% (9–16 weeks) had he lowes .
Acknowledgemen s
The esul s p esen ed in his epo a e pa o he
scien i ic and echnological p ojec 'Exploi a ion and
de elopmen o he Naked Neck chicken gene ic esou ces in
some No h Cen al p o inces'. The au ho s hank he
Minis y o Science and Technology o hei suppo .
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