Sayed Hussain Mollah, e al. Ra ional Use O An ibio ics In Supe Special y Se ings: T ends And Challenge. In . J Med.
Pha m. Res., 6 (5): 601‐605, 2025
601
In e na ional Jou nal o Medical
and Pha maceu ical Resea ch
Online ISSN-2958-3683 | P in ISSN-2958-3675
F equency: Bi-Mon hly
A ailable online on: h ps://ijmp .in/
Resea ch A icle
Ra ional Use O An ibio ics In Supe Special y Se ings: T ends And
Challenge
Sayed Hussain Mollah1, D . Mahbubu Rahman2
1B.Pha m G adua e, Depa men o Pha macy, J.B. Ins i u e o Pha macy, Guwaha i, India
2Assis an P o esso , Depa men o Pha macy, J.B. Ins i u e o Pha macy, Guwaha i, India
A B S T R A C T
Co esponding Au ho :
D . Mahbubu Rahman
Assis an P o esso , Depa men
o Pha macy P ac ice, J.B. Ins i u e
o Pha macy, Guwaha i, India.
Recei ed: 11-08-2025
Accep ed: 24-08-2025
A ailable online: 20-09-2025
Backg ound: An ibio ics usage has inc eased globally, he an ibio ics a e
equen ly p esc ibed o he pa ien s, and i has been disco e ed ha mos o he
an ibio ics p esc ibed in heal hca e se ings a e inapp op ia e. The misuse o hese
an ibio ics leads o he ise o an imic obial esis ance, ad e se d ug eac ions, and
highe mo bidi y including high hospi aliza ion cos s.
Objec i e: This s udy aims o s udy he u iliza ion o he an ibio ics in supe
speciali y hospi al.
Me hodology: I is a p ospec i e obse a ional s udy conduc ed o e pe iod o 3
mon hs whe e he da a o 50 pa ien s hospi alized in he in- pa ien depa men we e
aken. All he da a collec ed we e designed in shee s and inpu in Mic oso Excel
and he igu es and ables a e p esen ed.
Resul s: Among hose 50 pa ien s s udied i was ound ha he pa ien o age g oup
21-30 ecei ed mos an ibio ics among all age g oups, he mos p esc ibed an ibio ic
was Amikacin, and he pa ien s we e p esc ibed mos ly wi h he an ibio ics o
“O ange” ca ego y.
Conclusion: Inapp op ia e an ibio ic use is a majo global heal h conce n leading o
an ibio ic esis ance and o he nega i e consequences. While an ibio ics a e
e ec i e agains bac e ial in ec ions, hei misuse can lead o he eme gence o
esis an s ains, making in ec ions ha de o ea and po en ially sp eading o
o he s. The e o e, esponsible an ibio ic use, including p ope dosage, du a ion, and
indica ion, is c ucial o comba ing an imic obial esis ance and main aining he
e ec i eness o hese li e-sa ing d ugs.
Copy igh © In e na ional Jou nal o
Medical and Pha maceu ical Resea ch
Keywo ds: An ibio ic u iliza ion, an ibio ic esis ance, an ibio ic s ewa dship.
INTRODUCTION
An ibio ic u iliza ion e e s o he p ope use o an ibio ics in ea ing bac e ial in ec ions and p e en ing hei sp ead [1].
I in ol es p esc ibing he co ec an ibio ic, in he igh dosage, and o he app op ia e du a ion o ensu e e ec i e
ea men while minimizing side e ec s and esis ance [2]. Responsible an ibio ic use is essen ial o a oid o e use o
misuse, which can lead o an ibio ic esis ance, making in ec ions ha de o ea [3]. An ibio ic s ewa dship p og ams
and guidelines help p omo e op imal u iliza ion in heal hca e, ag icul u e, and e e ina y se ings [4].
An ibio ics ha e made a huge impac on mode n medicines, educing he mo bidi y a e o a g ea e ex en [5]. E en
hough i has been help ul in mos ea men , he e emains a conce n abou he misuse and o e dose o he an ibio ics
du ing he ea men phase [6].
An ibio ic s ewa dship p og amme is one ha ensu es esponsible use o he an ibio ics [7]. Mul idisciplina y eamwo k
is necessa y and helps o make su e he pa ien s ecei e he app op ia e an ibio ics, and he p ope dose equi ed du ing
ea men du a ion [8]. P ope ly managed an ibio ic s ewa dship p og am (ASP) educes he a es o esis ance, ea men
cos and enhances he ou comes [9].
Sayed Hussain Mollah, e al. Ra ional Use O An ibio ics In Supe Special y Se ings: T ends And Challenge. In . J Med.
Pha m. Res., 6 (5): 601‐605, 2025
602
METHODOLOGY
A p ospec i e s udy was conduc ed on 50 pa ien s o e he pe iod o 3 mon hs on he inpa ien s o Supe -speciali y
hospi al, he hospi al had a ious wa ds like he in ensi e ca e uni (ICU), bu n wa d, male wa d, emale wa d and
o hopaedic wa d, all hese we e conside ed o s udy pu pose. The da a we e collec ed om he pa ien ’s case no es,
p esc ip ions, ea men cha s and labo a o y epo s o he pa ien s admi ed in he hospi al.
RESULTS
A e conduc ing he obse a ional s udy ollowing da a we e collec ed
Table 1: Age wise pa ien dis ibu ion
Sl no
Age g oup
No. o pa ien s
% o pa ien s
1
0 o 10
4
8%
2
11 o 20
5
10%
3
21 o 30
15
30%
4
31 o 40
6
12%
5
41 o 50
8
16%
6
51 o 60
4
8%
7
61 o 70
2
4%
8
71 o 80
4
8%
9
abo e 81
2
4%
The pa ien s obse ed in he s udy consis ed o people om all age g oup. I included people om 0 o 90 yea s o age
g oups. The da a men ioned abo e (Table 1) shows a demog aphic da a o he pa ien s om all he age g oups. F om he
s udy i was ound ha he pa ien s om age g oups 0-10 was 12.50 %, 11-20 was 10 %, 21 -30 was 30 %, 31-40 was 12
%, 41-50 was 16 %, 51-60 was 8 %, 61-70 was 4 %, 71-80 was 8 % and 81-90 was 4 %.
Table 2: Numbe o an ibio ics used
sl no.
name o an ibio ic
no. o an ibio ic used
% o an ibio ic
1
Amikacin
44
88%
2
Ce iaxone
33
66%
3
Pipe acillin
12
24%
4
Tazobac am
11
22%
5
Clindamycin
10
20%
6
Me onidazole
7
14%
7
Me openum
4
8%
8
Ce u oxime
4
8%
9
Doxycycline
2
4%
10
Azi homycin
2
4%
11
Ce ixime
1
2%
12
Moxi loxacin
1
2%
13
Amoxycillin&cla ulanic acid
1
2%
Table 2 shows he demog aphic da a o o al numbe o imes he an ibio ics ha e been used among hose 50 pa ien s
obse ed in he s udy. F om he s udy i was ound ha he an ibio ic amikacinhas been equen ly used among he
pa ien s.
Table 3. Gende wise pa ien dis ibu ion
Sl no.
Gende
Pe cen age o Gende
1
Male
94%
2
Female
6%
Sayed Hussain Mollah, e al. Ra ional Use O An ibio ics In Supe Special y Se ings: T ends And Challenge. In . J Med.
Pha m. Res., 6 (5): 601‐605, 2025
603
Table 3Consis s o he demog aphic da a o he pa ien 's dis ibu ion acco ding o he gende o he pa ien .
Table 4. Ca ego y o an ibio ics used
Ca ego y o an ibio ics used
No. o An ibio ic used
Red
4
O ange
5
G een
3
Table 4Consis o he demog aphic da a o he ca ego ies o es ic ed an ibio ics used o he pa ien s. F om he
obse a ion i was ound ha , mos o he pa ien s we e p o ided wi h 2o (O ange) es ic ed an ibio ics and he leas used
was 1o (G een) es ic ed an ibio ics.
Table 5. Pe cen age o an ibio ics used
Sl no.
No. o an ibio ics used
Numbe o pa ien s
% o an ibio ic used
1
1
5
10
2
2
32
64
3
3
12
24
Table 5Consis s o he demog aphic da a p o iding an o e iew o he an ibio ics used acco ding o he ca ego y o he
es ic ed an ibio ics and he o al pe cen age o he an ibio ics used in pa ien s. I also indica es he o al numbe o
pa ien s on which he an ibio ics we e used acco dingly.
Table 6. Pe cen age o an ibio ics used pe pa ien
Numbe o an ibio ics pe pa ien
Pe cen age o an ibio ic used
1
10
2
64
3
24
Table No. 6 Consis s o he demog aphic da a p o iding an o e iew o he pe cen age o an ibio ics used pe pe son
acco ding o he da a collec ed. I indica es ha mos o he pa ien s we e adminis e ed wi h wo an ibio ics wi h he
o e all pe cen age o 64% and he o he pa ien s we e adminis e ed wi h one and h ee an ibio ics wi h pe cen age o
10% and 24% espec i ely.
DISCUSSION
The u iliza ion o an ibio ics is a signi ican conce n, pa icula ly conside ing he escala ing global challenge o an ibio ic
esis ance. Misuse o excessi e use o an ibio ics, such as adminis e ing hem o i al in ec ions o o si ua ions whe e
hey a e unnecessa y, os e s he eme gence o esis an pa hogens, complica ing ea men s a egies and ex ending
hospi aliza ions. Keeping ack o an ibio ic usage h ough o ganized p o ocols gua an ees ha hese medica ions a e
p esc ibed only when essen ial, a he co ec dosage, and o he sui able ime ame. A 1996 s udy indica ed ha
app oxima ely 47.9% o child en aged 0-4 ecei ed a leas one o al an ibio ic p esc ip ion. By he yea 2000, his igu e
dec eased o 38.1% [10]. As compa ed o ou s udy he an ibio ics gi en o he child en o 0-10 yea s o age we e abou
12.50 %. The an ibio ic mos p esc ibed o he pa ien s was Azi h omycin [11]whe eas in ou s udy i was ound ha he
mos p esc ibed an ibio ic o he child en was ce iaxone. Acco ding o a 2016/17 s udy, an ibio ic p esc ibing a es o
adul s s ood a 89.2 p esc ip ions pe 1,000 egis e ed pa ien s[12], and he mos p esc ibed an ibio ics we e Amoxicillin,
Azi h omycin. In ou s udy i ound ha he mos p esc ibed an ibio ics o he adul pa ien s wasAmikacin (88%). A
s udy on olde adul s ound ha 71-yea -old indi iduals had an an ibio ic usage a e o 80.3% [13]. Whe eas in ou s udy
i was ound ha mos o he an ibio ics we e adminis e ed o he adul s o age g oup i 21 -30 yea s. A s udy published in
BMC Medicine obse ed ha an ibio ic misuse is high in ou pa ien se ings, especially among adul s. Among olde
adul s, inapp op ia e p esc ibing has been linked o lack o awa eness abou an ibio ic esis ance [14] On in es iga ing
he pa ien 's cases in ou s udy, he esul s we e like he p e ious esea ch, he e was lack o awa eness abou he
an ibio ics esis ance among people. An ibio ics consump ion has inc eased wi h ime among he adul s in he middle-
income coun ies and high-income coun ies.[15][16]
CONCLUSION
Inapp op ia e an ibio ic use is a majo global heal h conce n leading o an ibio ic esis ance and o he nega i e
consequences. While an ibio ics a e e ec i e agains bac e ial in ec ions, hei misuse can lead o he eme gence o
esis an s ains, making in ec ions ha de o ea and po en ially sp eading o o he s. The e o e, esponsible an ibio ic
use, including p ope dosage, du a ion, and indica ion, is c ucial o comba ing an imic obial esis ance and main aining
he e ec i eness o hese li e-sa ing d ugs.
Sayed Hussain Mollah, e al. Ra ional Use O An ibio ics In Supe Special y Se ings: T ends And Challenge. In . J Med.
Pha m. Res., 6 (5): 601‐605, 2025
604
Acknowledgemen s:
The au ho s wish o hank all esea che s o p o iding an eminen li e a u e sou ce o de ising his manusc ip .
Con lic o in e es :
The au ho s decla ed no con lic o in e es s.
Financial suppo and sponso ship:
None
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