HYPERGRYD. This p ojec has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon 2020 esea ch and
inno a ion p og amme unde g an ag eemen No 101036656
WP 3 – ICT Modules and Simula ion Tools
Task 3.1 Exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool
o 4 h-5 h DHC design and ope a ion
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o
exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o
4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
Re . A es(2024)6908971 - 30/09/2024
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
2
DISCLAIMER
The opinion s a ed in his epo e lec s he opinion o he au ho s and no he opinion o he
Eu opean Commission.
All in ellec ual p ope y igh s a e owned by HYPERGRYD conso ium membe s and a e p o ec ed by
he applicable laws. Rep oduc ion is no au ho ised wi hou p io w i en ag eemen .
The comme cial use o any in o ma ion con ained in his documen may equi e a license om he
owne o ha in o ma ion.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This p ojec has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon 2020 esea ch and inno a ion
p og amme unde g an ag eemen Nº 101036656.
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
3
P ojec
P ojec Ac onym
HYPERGRYD
P ojec Ti le
Hyb id coupled ne wo ks o he mal-elec ic in eg a ed Sma Ene gy Dis ic s
G an Ag eemen
numbe
101036656
Call iden i ie
H2020-LC-GD-2020
Topic iden i ie
LC-GD-2-1-2020
Inno a i e land-based and o sho e enewable ene gy echnologies and hei
in eg a ion in o he ene gy sys em
Funding Scheme
Resea ch and Inno a ion Ac ion
P ojec du a ion
42 mon hs (F om 1 Oc obe 2021)
Coo dina o
ARCbcn
Websi e
h p://hype g yd.eu
Deli e able
Deli e able No.
3.2
Deli e able i le
Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final
e sion
Desc ip ion
The objec i e o his ask is o de elop ools o each he highes cos -e ec i eness
and lowes exe gy o he design and ope a ion o u u e DHC ne wo ks. The
de eloped exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool will be based on CAPEX and OPEX as
well as echnical and en i onmen al bounda y condi ions.
WP No.
WP3
Rela ed ask
T3.1 – Exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC design and ope a ion
Lead Bene icia y
8 – Güssing Ene gy Technologies GmbH (GET)
Au ho (s)
Ch is ian Doczekal, GET
Ha ald T inkl, GET
Con ibu o (s)
Manuela Binde , SONNE
Type
R
Dissemina ion
PU Public
Language
English – GB
Due
30/09/2024
Submission da e
30/09/2024
Ve sion
Da e
Au ho s
Desc ip ion
V.0.1
17/09/2024
Ch is ian Doczekal (GET)
Fi s d a o he deli e able
V.0.2
24/09/2024
Ch is ian Doczekal (GET)
Repo o e iew
V.0.3
30/09/2024
Ch is ian Doczekal (GET)
Repo o submission
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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Table o Con en s
1 Execu i e Summa y ................................................................................................ 7
2 In oduc ion ........................................................................................................... 9
2.1 Scope ......................................................................................................................... 9
2.2 Audience ................................................................................................................... 9
2.3 De ini ions / Glossa y................................................................................................ 9
2.4 Abb e ia ions ............................................................................................................ 9
3 Scien i ic Founda ions ............................................................................................ 11
3.1 4 h – 5 h gene a ion DHC ......................................................................................... 11
3.2 Basics o he exe ge ic app oach ............................................................................ 13
4 Desc ip ion o he Exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool ............................................ 16
4.1 Gene al desc ip ion o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool unc ions ............ 16
4.1.1 Inpu da a om consume s and p oduce s .................................................................. 16
4.1.2 Missing inpu da a om consume s .............................................................................. 16
4.1.3 Func ions o he ool ..................................................................................................... 17
4.1.4 P esen a ion o he esul s ............................................................................................ 19
4.1.5 In eg a ion o he HYPERGRYD pla o m ....................................................................... 19
4.2 De ailed desc ip ion o he unc ions o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool . 20
4.2.1 S uc u e ........................................................................................................................ 21
4.2.2 Addi ional ma hema ical unc ions ............................................................................... 31
4.2.3 P esen a ion o esul s .................................................................................................. 33
4.3 S akeholde Feedback on he De elopmen o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion
Tool 38
4.3.1 Rele ance o Tempe a u e Le els o DH G id Ope a o s ............................................. 38
4.3.2 Tool Applicabili y in Planning and Pump Powe Op imiza ion ...................................... 38
4.3.3 Cus ome Pe spec i e on Hea Supply and Com o ..................................................... 38
4.3.4 Resea che and S akeholde P e e ences o Tool Usage ............................................. 39
4.3.5 Impo ance o Flexibili y in Elec ici y P icing and he In eg a ion o Renewable Ene gy
Sou ces 39
4.3.6 Respond om a Ques ionnai e ..................................................................................... 39
4.3.7 Po en ial and In e es in Fu he De elopmen ............................................................ 40
5 Conclusions ........................................................................................................... 41
6 Re e ences ............................................................................................................ 43
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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Lis o Figu es
Figu e 1: O e iew o he planned ange o unc ions o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool ... 16
Figu e 2. In eg a ion o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool o he HYPERGRYD pla o m.......... 19
Figu e 3. Use in e ace and Py hon in e p e e a QGIS .................................................................... 21
Figu e 4. Desc ip ion o he IDs and connec ion ................................................................................. 22
Figu e 5. NodeIDs and connec ed lines ............................................................................................... 23
Figu e 6. Geome y, wi h single- and polygon lines ............................................................................ 23
Figu e 7. De ini ion o p edecesso and successo s ............................................................................ 24
Figu e 8. Flow o he pipes a e calcula ed .......................................................................................... 25
Figu e 9. P essu e loss o he pipes ..................................................................................................... 26
Figu e 10. Calcula ed dimensions o he g id ...................................................................................... 27
Figu e 11. Di e en laye s o isualisa ion ........................................................................................ 27
Figu e 12. De ined alues o da a poin s ........................................................................................... 28
Figu e 13. Demo s uc u e o a cus ome wi h a ime se ies .............................................................. 29
Figu e 14. Example o a decen alized hea gene a o ....................................................................... 30
Figu e 15. Visualisa ion o he low a e in he g id ............................................................................ 33
Figu e 16. Di e en laye s and maps a e a ailable in QGIS o isualisa ion ..................................... 34
Figu e 17. Tempe a u e dis ibu ion o he dis ic hea ing g id in summe ope a ion on 23.07.2023
a 03:00 pm ......................................................................................................................................... 34
Figu e 18. Flow a e in summe ope a ion on 23.07.2023 03:00 pm ................................................. 35
Figu e 19. A e age p essu e loss o indi idual pipe sec ions o he e alua ion o bo lenecks ........ 35
Figu e 20. P essu e d op pe pipeline ................................................................................................. 36
Figu e 21. P essu e d op summed up ................................................................................................. 37
Figu e 22. Sha e o exe gy and ane gy o a consume o one day ................................................... 37
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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1 Execu i e Summa y
The HYPERGRYD p ojec aims o de elop scalable and eplicable echnical solu ions ha enable he
in eg a ion o Renewable Ene gy Sou ces in o he mal g ids, while also c ea ing syne gies be ween
dis ic hea ing and cooling ne wo ks and elec ical g ids. The p ojec ocuses on add essing he
challenges posed by he a ying a ailabili y and dispa chabili y o enewable ene gy, p o iding key
inno a ions in echnology and ICT se ices o handle he inc eased complexi y om he building le el
o Local Ene gy Communi ies. The ul ima e goal is o accele a e he sus ainable ans o ma ion and
mode niza ion o DHC sys ems owa ds 4 h and 5 h gene a ion ne wo ks.
HYPERGRYD is d i en by h ee p ima y objec i es:
P o ing Sma Ene gy Ne wo ks as he u u e o e icien ene gy managemen in DHC,
pa icula ly in syne gy wi h elec ical g ids wi hin LECs and sma ci ies.
De ining he oadmap o he design, planning, and mode niza ion o DHC ne wo ks, ailo ed
o a ious clima es and RES pene a ion le els, o suppo he ansi ion o 4 h and 5 h
gene a ion sys ems.
Demons a ing RES-based enabling echnologies and inno a i e Sma Ene gy G id
Solu ions, empowe ed by in eg a ed ICT ools and se ices, as key d i e s o his e olu ion.
As pa o he HYPERGRYD p ojec , his deli e able ocuses on he de elopmen o he
Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool. The ool is designed o maximize cos -e ec i eness and minimize
exe gy losses in he design and ope a ion o u u e DHC sys ems. By inco po a ing bo h capi al
(CAPEX) and ope a ional (OPEX) expenses alongside echnical and en i onmen al bounda y
condi ions, he ool p o ides a comp ehensi e amewo k o op imizing ene gy and economic
pe o mance in DHC ne wo ks.
One o he key s eng hs o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool is i s ocus on imp o ing he
exe ge ic e iciency o DHC sys ems. By calcula ing and op imizing exe gy e iciency a a ious
empe a u e le els—such as supply and e u n empe a u es on bo h he p ima y and seconda y
sides— he ool iden i ies oppo uni ies o educe hea losses, in eg a e enewable ene gy sou ces,
and enhance o e all sys em pe o mance. This is especially c i ical as DHC sys ems ansi ion o lowe
empe a u e le els cha ac e is ic o 4 h and 5 h gene a ion ne wo ks, whe e he in eg a ion o
enewable ene gy and decen alized hea sou ces like hea pumps is c ucial.
In addi ion o echnical op imiza ion, he ool p o ides obus economic analysis by conside ing
a iables such as uel p ices, elec ici y a i s, and sys em hea losses. The abili y o simula e lexible
elec ici y a i s, including hou ly p icing and spo ma ke a es, allows use s o op imize he cos o
hea gene a ion in eal ime. The ool also suppo s he in eg a ion o enewable ene gy sou ces,
making i easie o plan and manage decen alized hea inpu s om sou ces like was e hea and
pho o ol aics.
The ool in eg a es GIS da a o isualizing c i ical ope a ional pa ame e s such as p essu e losses,
low a es, and empe a u e dis ibu ions wi hin he ne wo k. This isualiza ion capabili y aids DHC
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
8
planne s and ope a o s in iden i ying ne wo k bo lenecks, op imizing pump placemen , and planning
u u e expansions.
The a ge audience o his ool includes DHC planne s, op imize s, sys em ope a o s, and so wa e
de elope s. By suppo ing bo h he echnical and economic op imiza ion o DHC sys ems, he ool
plays a i al ole in he u u e o ene gy-e icien , sus ainable, and cos -e ec i e dis ic hea ing and
cooling ope a ions.
On behal o Au ho s
Ch is ian Doczekal, Güssing Ene gy Technologies GmbH
Ha ald T inkl, Güssing Ene gy Technologies GmbH
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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2 In oduc ion
2.1 Scope
The aim o his deli e able is o p esen he ange o unc ions and he scien i ic basis o he
exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool. The de elopmen o he ool uns un il mon h 36, so D3.1 is used
o ep esen he p elimina y e sion o he ool.
2.2 Audience
The a ge g oup o his epo a e DHC planne s, op imize s, sys em ope a o s and so wa e
de elope s. The epo p o ides he a ge g oup wi h in o ma ion on how he exe goeconomic
op imiza ion ool is s uc u ed and which unc ions i al eady pe o ms o will be able o do. The
unc ions and scien i ic bases o he calcula ions a e p esen ed. One pa deals wi h he p og amming
o he models and is pa icula ly in e es ing o de elope s.
2.3 De ini ions / Glossa y
Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool - This is a ool ha pe o ms he mal calcula ions o a dis ic
hea ing g id, aking in o accoun he exe gy. The exe gy le el should be op imized in o de o a oid
unnecessa ily high empe a u es in he ne wo k. In addi ion, he en i e sys em can be economically
op imized h ough he economic pa o he ool. This se es as a decision basis o ele an
s akeholde s o a DHC sys em.
QGIS - QGIS is a ee and open-sou ce c oss-pla o m desk op geog aphic in o ma ion sys em (GIS)
applica ion ha suppo s iewing, edi ing, p in ing, and analysis o geospa ial da a.
2.4 Abb e ia ions
3GDH: hi d gene a ion o dis ic hea ing
4GDH: ou h-gene a ion dis ic hea ing
5GDHC: i h gene a ion dis ic hea ing and cooling
ATES: Aqui e The mal Ene gy S o age
BIM: Building In o ma ion Modeling
CAPEX: Capi al Expenses
CHP: Combined Hea and Powe
COP: Coe icien o Pe o mance
DHC: Dis ic Hea ing and Cooling
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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4 Desc ip ion o he Exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool
4.1 Gene al desc ip ion o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool unc ions
The Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool has a wide ange o calcula ion and op imiza ion unc ions.
The main unc ions can be ound in Task desc ip ion 3.1. The p ojec eam has summa ized he mos
impo an unc ions o he ool in Figu e 1. Basically, he ool is based on QGIS, supplemen ed by
Py hon sc ip s.
Figu e 1: O e iew o he planned ange o unc ions o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool
4.1.1 Inpu da a om consume s and p oduce s
I can be seen ha some inpu da a om consume s and p oduce s a e necessa y o he calcula ions,
e.g. loads, ene gy, empe a u es and p ices. The ool is in ended o plan and op imize he sys em and
he e o e only accesses his o ical da a. Real- ime da a is he e o e no equi ed. The ool could
pe haps also be a ailable o eal- ime ope a ion in he u u e in o de o op imize eal- ime
ope a ion. Howe e , his is no cu en ly planned.
Fu he mo e, he GIS da a o he exis ing dis ic hea ing g id mus also be a ailable o inse ed as
inpu o he ool. The DH g id should ei he be loaded in o he p og am as an exis ing GIS ile o
d awn in he ool (QGIS use in e ace) i sel , o example o new pipes.
4.1.2 Missing inpu da a om consume s
In many dis ic hea ing sys ems, he e a e signi ican gaps in da a a ailabili y and quali y, pa icula ly
conce ning cus ome -speci ic measu emen s. No all sys ems ha e op imal da a eco ding, which
poses challenges o accu a e simula ion and op imiza ion. In esponse o his, he Exe goeconomic
Op imiza ion Tool includes se e al s a egies o add ess missing o incomple e da a.
Exe goeconomicTool
consume ,
p oduce :
GIS da a
loads
ene gy
empe a u es
p ices
RES sou ces
s o ages
his o icalda a
/ p o iles
a iable a i s o
consume s and p oduce s
isualisa ion:
p essu e d ops
low
empe a u es
diag ams
op imize ope a ion,
componen s and design
exe ge ic li e cycle
assessmen
economic and he mal
modeling o 4 h and 5GDHC op imize GIS loca ion
o 5GDHC bo ehole
s o ages
hea losses
pumping cos s
cos -e ec i euse, inc ease o
decen alized RES and P2H
impo /expo
unc ions
exe gy-based
analysis
compa e
scena ios
laye 1 echnologies
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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The i s s ep in ol es eading in he a ailable cus ome da a. Howe e , o many cus ome s, dis ic
hea ing measu emen s we e ei he no eco ded consis en ly, o he minu e-by-minu e eco dings
could no be clea ly assigned o speci ic cus ome s. To esol e his, daily a e age alues om dis ic
hea ing me e s can be used, which a e ypically a ailable ac oss all cus ome s, as he s a ing poin .
While da a could be a ailable on a daily scale, he ool ope a es on a hou ly basis, equi ing
ans o ma ion o he da a o be e empo al alignmen .
To gene a e he necessa y hou ly alues, he ool app oxima ed he daily alues o each cus ome
based on he daily pa e ns obse ed in he hea ing plan , which eco ds da a e.g. e e y 15 minu es.
This me hod allowed o mo e g anula es ima es while ensu ing cohe ence wi h he b oade
sys em's ope a ion.
Addi ionally, on he cus ome side (seconda y side) o he dis ic hea ing sys ems, he e a e usually
e y ew a ailable eco ds. To gene a e he da a o he seconda y side, a s anda d con ol sys em o
a ypical dis ic hea ing subs a ion was ec ea ed, p o iding a eliable basis o calcula ing missing
cus ome -side da a.
This app oach ensu es ha e en in cases o limi ed da a a ailabili y, he Exe goeconomic
Op imiza ion Tool can gene a e eliable inpu o simula ions, helping o op imize he pe o mance
o dis ic hea ing sys ems e ec i ely.
4.1.3 Func ions o he ool
The main unc ions o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool include he op imiza ion o he
ope a ion o he DH sys em, as well as he design o componen s, e.g. o ind op imal pipe diame e s
in ela ion o he o e all sys em. O he componen s a e able o be op imized h ough pa ame e
a ia ions. This makes i possible o plan componen s in a way ha makes economic and echnical
sense. This is o a oid o e sizing.
The op imiza ion o he ope a ion is pa icula ly impo an , since on he one hand p oblems wi h
exis ing DH sys ems can be iden i ied (e.g. excessi e low a es om consume s, oo high
empe a u e le els, unused s o age esou ces, ...) and on he o he hand sugges ions o
imp o emen can be d awn up. The ool can hus be seen as decision suppo .
In addi ion o he op imiza ion o componen s, he cos -e ec i e use o he o e all sys em o
indi idual subsys ems is also impo an . He e, a cos educ ion is achie ed h ough a echnical and
economic compa ison, o example h ough he use planning o hea gene a o s. Pa ame e
a ia ions show he mos sensi i e poin s o he o e all sys em and hus se e as a basis o decision-
making.
The calcula ions and compa isons make i possible o inc ease he use o enewable ene gy, especially
in decen alized loca ions. This is possible, o example, h ough decen alized was e hea eede s o
P2H sys ems (e.g. hea pumps). The ool om he pa ne G idSingula i y is o be used o use a ailable
excess elec ici y om a local ene gy communi y o P2H applica ions. Fo example, we can use he
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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elec ici y da a (powe , a i le el) om hei ool o simula e decen alized P2H sys ems o hea
gene a ion.
The calcula ions o he DH g id a e based on he mal and economic unc ions, which a e desc ibed in
mo e de ail in Chap e 4.2. In addi ion, i is possible o include he s eam engine om Rano o as a
Laye 1 echnology om Wo kpackage 2. He e, he amoun o elec ici y and hea p oduced is aken
in o accoun in ope a ional planning and economic e iciency. This enables ope a ion planning as a
powe and hea gene a o (loca ed decen alized) in o de o enable economical ope a ion o he
en i e sys em.
In o de o do jus ice o he ma ke si ua ion and o be able o p esen u u e de elopmen s be e ,
i is possible o conside a iable a i s om hea consume s and hea gene a o s. As a esul , he
planning o hea p oduc ion can also be economically op imized and peak loads can be educed. As
an incen i e sys em o consume s wi h highe e u n empe a u es, a bonus can be calcula ed he e
in o de o make a s a emen abou wha e ec he educ ion o he e u n empe a u e would ha e
and wha he economic e ec would be. This is e y much on he pa h owa ds 4 h gene a ion dis ic
hea ing and hus enables be e in eg a ion o enewable ene gy in o he g ids.
When op imizing ope a ion, he ocus is usually also on he elec ical consump ion o he pump. The
pumping cos s a e able o be displayed and sa ings po en ials a e shown. I can compa e o e all
economics, o example o show he e ec o smalle pipe diame e s (lowe in es men cos s) wi h
he highe pumping cos s. This is pa icula ly in e es ing when expanding he dis ic hea ing g id.
Decen alized hea gene a o s should p e e ably be conside ed wi h a e u n- e u n eed-in o low-
low eed-in. This educes s ong luc ua ions in he di e en ial p essu es in he g id. Howe e , he
ool also akes in o accoun he mass low ha lows pas his line, since a e u n- e u n eed, o
example, is e y dependen on he mass low lowing pas . This has an impac on he hea eede and
he hea ou pu ed in.
Fo he exe ge ic op imiza ion o he DH sys em, he empe a u es equi ed by he consume s a e
analyzed, om which he low empe a u e o he g id is speci ied. This p o ides in o ma ion o he
his o ical da a as o wha e ec a lowe low empe a u e would ha e had o e he cou se o he
yea . Exe ge ic indica o s a e de ined o he e alua ion, o analyze he exe ge ic ope a ing modes
and o op imize hem based on his. This makes i possible, o example, o e alua e decen alized
hea p oduce s and also o p o ide app op ia e a i s depending on he empe a u e le el p o ided.
An exe ge ic (li e cycle assessmen ) analysis is ca ied ou o he calcula ed pe iod unde
conside a ion in he o m o hese indica o s, such as he exe ge ic e iciency.
The calcula ions o p o i abili y ake in o accoun he in es men cos s, consump ion- ela ed cos s
and ope a ional cos s. He e, he hea gene a ion cos s o he hea gene a o a e used as inpu o he
simula ion. Th ough pa ame e a ia ions and di e en use cases, an economically op imal ope a ion
and cos sa ings a e calcula ed. Di e ences be ween he indi idual scena ios a e calcula ed o show
economical bene i s.
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
19
4.1.4 P esen a ion o he esul s
In o de o isually di ec he ocus o pa s o he g id, he e is a colo ed ep esen a ion in he
isualiza ion o he g id. He e, o example, he p essu e losses o he pipes can be shown in colo
(see also chap e 4.2.3), o he low, o he empe a u es. I is possible o show hea losses om he
pipes, e.g. wi h he uni W/m.
Fu he mo e, op imizing he GIS loca ions o hea s o age uni s (e.g., bo ehole s o ages o 5GDHC
sys ems) is possible. Howe e , he placemen o hese hea s o ages o he g id leng h would need
o be manually adjus ed wi hin he p og am, since ac o s such as he a ailabili y o land plo s o
s ee layou s mus be aken in o accoun .
Expo unc ions a e a ailable o con inue calcula ing wi h he esul s in o he analysis ools, GIS (e.g.
as .gpkg iles) o BIM applica ions. Fu he mo e, g aphics and ime se ies, as well as KPIs, ep esen
he echnically and economically op imal case.
4.1.5 In eg a ion o he HYPERGRYD pla o m
The HYPERGRYD pla o m ep esen s he common uni o he ools c ea ed in Wo kpackage 3. The
pla o m is a ailable as "Pla o m as a Se ice" (PaaS). The exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool is
in eg a ed ia an API in e ace (Figu e 2). I is possible o isualize he esul s and diag ams on he
pla o m. Di e en scena ios can be compa ed he e. Access o he pla o m could be possible o
di e en use s, such as planne s, DH g id u ili ies, decen alized hea gene a o s, o he consume s
hemsel es. The Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool i sel is ope a ed by he GET p ojec eam, as i
equi es he app op ia e know-how and hus a oids use e o s. The ool will he e o e no be
a ailable as s andalone so wa e, bu as a se ice ha also includes he ele an know-how o he
op imiza ion o dis ic hea ing sys ems.
Figu e 2. In eg a ion o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool o he HYPERGRYD pla o m
Exe goeconomic Tool
P ocessing HYPERGRYD pla o mDa a inpu
consume ,
p oduce :
GIS da a
loads
ene gy
empe a u es
p ices
RES sou ces
s o ages
his o ical da a
/ p o iles
• isualizing esul s and g aphs
•based on scena ios
•selec able le el: hea gene a ion,
g id, consume s
hea
gene a ion
consume s
g id
API
da abase
da abase
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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The pla o m's dis ic hea ing g id (GIS da a, pa ame e s, p ope ies) is able o be aken o e by he
ool. Indi idual pipelines can be d awn in o he pla o m, o example o cus ome ex ensions. The
use can make some changes, e.g. o amewo k condi ions, in he pla o m, which hen se e as inpu
o he ool.
4.2 De ailed desc ip ion o he unc ions o he Exe goeconomic
Op imiza ion Tool
The e exis many ools o op imizing and simula ing a g id. The p oblem wi h hese ools a e, ha
you need in a special o ma (g id as g aph wi h edges and nodes), whe e almos no g id ope a o can
p o ide, o you need o d aw he whole g id in his simula ing ool, which ook a lo o ime and can’
be used o o he ools. The p ojec ’s app oach is based on in o ma ion which al eady exis s.
The Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool is ealized as plugin in he open sou ce ool QGIS (Figu e 3).
QGIS is a ool which can handle a huge a ie y o inpu o ma s including GeoJSON, GeoPackage and
GML. The mos in e es ing unc ion is he possibili y o impo ing Au oCAD plans. Mos o he dis ic
hea ing ope a o s ha e hei g id plans a ailable as Au oCAD plans, which a e ha dly used due o he
high license ees and canno be used by ex e nal p og ams. The plugin DXF Impo / Con e eads all
Laye s in he Au oCAD-plan and impo s all objec s wi h all accessible in o ma ion o QGIS.
Equally common is he use o cs / xlsx lis s o s o e addi ional in o ma ion on pipelines and
consume s. QGIS can also ead hese lis s and sa e hem as laye s wi hou geome y. The assignmen
o he lis en ies o he cus ome s is always p oblema ic. IDs a e no upda ed wi hou au oma ic
managemen , which is no possible in Excel, and he IDs a e w i en in di e en ways o a e no se
e e ywhe e when changes a e made, which means ha IDs se manually become unusable soone o
la e . The cus ome name is o many ope a o s he mos impo an ea u e o iden i y he cus ome s.
Bu e en he e, people change, spellings a e no unique and e o s occu in he designa ion. Wi h he
build in unc ion “Nomina im-Sammelgeokodie ung” i is possible o gene a e a poin laye whe e
he in o ma ion om he cs is s o ed in a geo e e enced poin .
All he Objec s in QGIS can be accessed and modi ied by i s build in Py hon in e p e e (PyGIS). This
Py hon in e p e e is a unmodi ied Py hon ins alla ion connec ed o QGIS and can use all packages
a ailable o Py hon. The in epe e e can be accessed om QGIS di ec ly and code can be w i en o
he in ep e o o a ile can be eaded. A second way is o de elop a plugin o QGIS, so he code can
be un by clicking on an icon and a GUI can be used.
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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Figu e 3. Use in e ace and Py hon in e p e e a QGIS
4.2.1 S uc u e
The p og amme code is sepa a ed in di e en classes in one package. The mos impo an classes
a e:
pipese consis ing o pipe whe e he in o ma ion abou he ins alled pipelines a e ins alled.
Especially he in o ma ion abou dimension, diame e and he mal conduc i i y is s o ed in
his class.
he calcula e class whe e physical calcula ions can be called collec i ely
he class singleline whe e all in o ma ion conce ning he indi idual pipe including he ype o
pipe used (class pipe) is s o ed.
he Cus ome class, whe e in o ma ion abou he indi idual cus ome , such as con ac ual
connec ed load, cu en ou pu , empe a u es and ins alled ans e s a ions is s o ed.
he classes edges and nodes, whe e he ac ual plan is being ansla ed o ex e nal ools.
he class FWne wo k, which consis s o he lines, he cus ome s and some unc ions.
he classes Simula ion and Calcula ion whe e Calcula ion s o es he esul s o he calcula ion
o a gi en imes amp and Simula ion s o es a lis o calcula ions o he gi en ime pe iod.
The i s s ep o he calcula ion is o c ea e a new objec om he FWne wo k class and pass he
name o he laye o he g id. The gi en laye is sea ched o i ems wi h alis geome y and all
ounded i ems a e added o he FWne wo k objec as a singleline objec . Also he IDs o he i ems a e
s o ed in an index o as e sea ching and a spa ial index is build up wi h hese i ems o ge ing he
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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dis ances be ween wo objec s e y as . A e his a s anda d pipese is gene a ed i no exis ing
pipese is gi en.
Then he unc ion “se _all_connec ed” ge s o all gene a ed singlelines he i s and he las poin o
he line and ge s wi h he spa ial index he nex 10 neigbou s. The amoun o neighbou s is a a iable
o he FWne wo k-class and can be modi ied. The same o he maximum dis ance be ween he
neighbou s. This unc ion un o una ely does no wo k eliably, so he dis ance be ween he
endpoin s and he neighbou s a e calcula ed again and i he dis ance i highe han he gi en
accu acy, he neighbo is disca ded. The esul s o he neighbou de ec ion a e s o ed in he
singleline-objec s (Figu e 4).
Figu e 4. Desc ip ion o he IDs and connec ion
A lo o ools need nodes and edges o wo k. Edges a e basically he singleline objec s, bu he nodes
need o be gene a ed. Fo all singlelines in he ne wo k he be o e de ec ed neigbo s a e ead and is
s o ed in an index. I he e is no en y in he index a new node is gene a ed wi h he coo dina es om
he acco ding endpoin and he neighbou s a e se . I he e is an en y al eady in he index, wha
a ises when he same poin is es ed om one o he neighbo s, no hing is done. A e his he
nodeIDs a e se in he singlelines (Figu e 5).
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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Figu e 5. NodeIDs and connec ed lines
The nex s ep is o add he cus ome laye o he FWne wo k. Analogous o he g id laye he e is a
check i a geome y exis s and is alid and i so he geome y and he connec ion powe a e s o ed as
objec cus ome in he FWne wo k. The spa ial index is used o ge he nea es line, which ID is s o ed
in he cus ome oo. The geome y can be a single poin o a polygon (Figu e 6).
Figu e 6. Geome y, wi h single- and polygon lines
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Now all necessa y da a is p epa ed. The nex s ep is o se o all lines a p edecesso and successo s
(Figu e 7). S a ing om a gi en line a minimum spanning ee is c ea ed whe e each line has exac ly
one p edecesso . All he o he connec ed lines a e successo s. P edecesso -1 means ha no
p edecesso was ound. On he one hand, his can be due o he ac ha he e is no p edecesso ,
since i is he i s line a e he boile , o ha his line canno be eached om he s a ing poin .
Figu e 7. De ini ion o p edecesso and successo s
Nex , he low is se . Fo his pu pose, he equi ed low o e e y cus ome is calcula ed wi h he
equi ed load and he low and e u n empe a u es, which a e assumed o be e.g. 80/50 i no o he
alues a e speci ied. The calcula ed low o each cus ome is added o he singleline connec ed o he
cus ome and all p edecesso s. So he low in he whole g id is calcula ed (Figu e 8).
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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Figu e 8. Flow o he pipes a e calcula ed
The p essu e loss is hen calcula ed using he low a e and he p ope ies o he ins alled pipe. Wi h
his in o ma ion, he speci ic p essu e loss o each indi idual pipe sec ion can be calcula ed and wi h
he leng h o he sec ion, he p essu e loss o he en i e sec ion is calcula ed. To calcula e he p essu e
loss o he en i e g id, he losses o he indi idual pa s a e summed up, s a ing om he hea ing
plan (Figu e 9).
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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The p essu e d op is hen calcula ed by:
pipe ic ion coe icien × 1
𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟×𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
2× 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑒 2
Equa ion 6. Equa ion o he p essu e d op o he DH pipes
This alue is alid o a Reynolds numbe > 2320. Fo smalle alues he Reynolds numbe is di ided
by 64.
Fo he pipe sec ions he e is also a 10 a ibu e POWER_LOSS, which calcula es he hea loss as
ollows:
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟_𝐿𝑜𝑠𝑠=𝑢𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒_𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑒∙𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ∙𝐹𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝+𝑅𝑒𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝
2−𝑠𝑜𝑖𝑙𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝
1000
Equa ion 7. Equa ion o he powe loss o he DH pipes
U alue_pipe is he hea ans e coe icien , he soil emp is he g ound empe a u e. I is possible o
calcula e exe gy e iciency wi hou eso ing o en opy and en halpy alues because we a e dealing
wi h liquid wa e wi hou any phase change o p essu e di e ences. In such cases, a simpli ied
o mula o exe gy o liquids can be used, whe e he empe a u e di e ence be ween he liquid and
he en i onmen is he mos impo an ac o .
Exe gy e iciency is based on he a io be ween he usable exe gy and he maximum possible exe gy
ha can be ex ac ed om he sys em. Fo liquids, his can be desc ibed by he ollowing simpli ied
equa ions:
𝜂𝑒𝑥 =1−𝑇0
𝑇1
Equa ion 8. Simpli ied equa ion o he exe gy e iciency
T0: Ambien empe a u e in K
T1: Tempe a u e o he medium in K
The exe gy e iciency is calcula ed o each ele an empe a u e in he sys em, such as he supply
and e u n empe a u es on bo h he p ima y and seconda y sides. By applying his me hod, he
exe gy e iciency can be de e mined o a ious componen s, such as dis ic hea ing pipelines o
consume s wi hin he ne wo k. This p o ides a de ailed unde s anding o how e ec i ely he sys em
u ilizes i s he mal ene gy a each s age o ope a ion.
By calcula ing exe gy e iciency o di e en empe a u es, key a eas o op imiza ion can be
de e mined. Fo ins ance, educing hea losses in he dis ic hea ing ne wo k becomes possible by
adjus ing empe a u e le els o maximize exe gy e iciency. A highe exe gy e iciency indica es ha
less ene gy is being was ed as unusable hea , and mo e ene gy is being e ec i ely u ilized. This leads
o imp o ed o e all sys em pe o mance, wi h lowe he mal losses con ibu ing o be e ene gy
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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conse a ion and cos sa ings. Mo eo e , calcula ing exe gy e iciency enables enhanced in eg a ion
o enewable ene gy sou ces in o he dis ic hea ing ne wo k. Renewable sou ces such as hea
pumps o sola he mal sys ems o en ope a e a lowe empe a u e le els. By op imizing he exe gy
e iciency a hese lowe empe a u es, he ne wo k can mo e e ec i ely inco po a e enewable
ene gy inpu s, educing he eliance on ossil uels and inc easing he sys em’s sus ainabili y.
This exe gy-based analysis p o ides a obus amewo k o imp o ing sys em pe o mance ac oss
a ious ope a ional scena ios. An exe ge ic li e cycle assessmen is done o he pe iod o calcula ion.
By ocusing on he exe gy e iciency o bo h supply and e u n empe a u es, sys em planne s and
ope a o s can make da a-d i en decisions o educe hea losses, inc ease he po en ial o enewable
ene gy in eg a ion, and ul ima ely enhance he o e all e iciency o he dis ic hea ing sys em.
4.2.3 P esen a ion o esul s
One o he bes ea u es o QGIS is he abili y o lexibly display geo e e enced in o ma ion. The
in o ma ion s o ed in he indi idual objec s can be used o isualiza ion. As an example, he low
a e o he ne wo k was used o he line hickness o he pipes (Figu e 15).
Figu e 15. Visualisa ion o he low a e in he g id
Ano he ad an age o using QGIS is ha in o ma ion om di e en sou ces can be used and blended
oge he . He e, he ep esen a ion o he p essu e d op was blended wi h a sa elli e image and a
semi- anspa en 3D oad map (Figu e 16). In addi ion, he p ope y bounda ies we e d awn om
he digi al cadas al map p o ided by he Aus ian au ho i ies. The empe a u e dis ibu ion o he
dis ic hea ing g id in summe ope a ion o one hou in he a e noon was shown in Figu e 17. The
low a e in summe ope a ion o one hou in he a e noon can be seen in Figu e 18, whe e i can
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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be seen ha mainly only one la ge cus ome equi es hea . The a e age p essu e loss o indi idual
pipe sec ions is shown in Figu e 19 and is used o e alua e bo lenecks, o example o see whe e
p oblems could a ise when he g id is expanded.
Figu e 16. Di e en laye s and maps a e a ailable in QGIS o isualisa ion
Figu e 17. Tempe a u e dis ibu ion o he dis ic hea ing g id in summe ope a ion on 23.07.2023 a 03:00 pm
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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Figu e 18. Flow a e in summe ope a ion on 23.07.2023 03:00 pm
Figu e 19. A e age p essu e loss o indi idual pipe sec ions o he e alua ion o bo lenecks
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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Figu e 20 illus a es he p essu e loss in he dis ic hea ing pipeline, ei he o he design case o o
an ac ual ope a ing scena io. This analysis is c ucial o iden i ying bo lenecks wi hin he ne wo k,
pa icula ly in he con ex o planned ne wo k expansions. By isualizing p essu e losses, he ool
enables he iden i ica ion o op imal loca ions o boos e pumps, ensu ing ha he sys em can be
e ec i ely ein o ced whe e needed o main ain ope a ional e iciency and mee u u e demand.
Figu e 20. P essu e d op pe pipeline
Figu e 21 shows he cumula i e p essu e losses o each pipeline om he hea ing plan o he
endpoin s o he ne wo k. This ep esen a ion highligh s he weakes poin s wi hin he ne wo k,
p o iding aluable insigh s in o whe e p essu e senso s should be placed o op imize pump con ol.
Addi ionally, he igu e indica es which a eas o he ne wo k s ill o e po en ial o easy expansions,
as he lowe p essu e losses in hese egions sugges minimal esis ance o addi ional load o
in as uc u e de elopmen . This dual-pu pose analysis suppo s bo h ope a ional imp o emen s and
s a egic planning o u u e ne wo k g ow h.
Figu e 22 illus a es he dis ibu ion o exe gy and ane gy o a dis ic hea ing cus ome o e he
cou se o a day. A lowe p opo ion o exe gy indica es educed hea losses in he ne wo k and
sugges s ha he dis ic hea ing supply empe a u e closely ma ches he equi ed empe a u e on
he consume side. This compa ison allows o an e alua ion o how well he cus ome o he dis ic
hea ing ne wo k is sui ed o ou h-gene a ion dis ic hea ing sys ems. Addi ionally, i p o ides
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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insigh in o he e iciency o decen alized hea sou ces in con ibu ing o he ne wo k, helping o
assess hei e ec i eness in u u e hea supply s a egies.
Figu e 21. P essu e d op summed up
Figu e 22. Sha e o exe gy and ane gy o a consume o one day
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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4.3 S akeholde Feedback on he De elopmen o he Exe goeconomic
Op imiza ion Tool
The de elopmen o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool has ga ne ed aluable eedback om
a ious s akeholde s, including DH g id ope a o s, dis ic hea ing cus ome s, planne s and
esea che s. This eedback is essen ial o e ine he ool’s unc ionali y, applicabili y, and po en ial
o b oade adop ion. By analyzing he esponses, we can iden i y c i ical a eas o imp o emen and
in eg a ion o ea u es ha align wi h s akeholde expec a ions and ope a ional equi emen s.
4.3.1 Rele ance o Tempe a u e Le els o DH G id Ope a o s
One o he p ima y conce ns aised by s akeholde s is he signi icance o empe a u e le els in dis ic
hea ing g ids. Ne wo k ope a o s emphasized ha con olling empe a u e le els is c ucial o
op imizing ne wo k e iciency and educing ope a ional cos s. The eedback indica ed ha ne wo k
ope a o s ace challenges in managing empe a u e g adien s, pa icula ly in cases whe e he
diame e o pipelines is unknown. Fo example, one s akeholde highligh ed a ne wo k wi h 150
cus ome s connec ed ia a 3.5 km pipeline, whe e incomple e da a ega ding pipe dimensions posed
a di icul y in he op imiza ion p ocess. This highligh s he need o mo e de ailed da a collec ion,
pa icula ly o olde ne wo ks whe e in as uc u e de ails may be missing.
Addi ionally, many ne wo k ope a o s a e in he p ocess o upg ading hei in as uc u e wi h new
echnology, such as new con olling de ices o he subs a ions. These upg ades aim o enhance da a
collec ion on cus ome hea consump ion, which will, in u n, imp o e he o e all e ec i eness o
he op imiza ion ool. The eedback sugges s ha he ool can suppo hese ope a o s by in eg a ing
da a om hese eme ging echnologies o op imize bo h planning and ope a ional phases.
4.3.2 Tool Applicabili y in Planning and Pump Powe Op imiza ion
Se e al s akeholde s ound he ool o be highly bene icial du ing he planning s ages o dis ic
hea ing ne wo ks. One ecu ing heme was he ool’s abili y o op imize ne wo k design by aiding in
he dimensioning o pipes, which has di ec implica ions o he ne wo k's ene gy e iciency and cos -
e ec i eness. Once he planning phase is comple e, s akeholde s no ed ha op imizing pump powe
becomes mo e c i ical, as i di ec ly in luences ope a ional cos s.
Mo eo e , he in eg a ion o p essu e senso s in ne wo ks has been ci ed as a p oac i e s ep owa d
educing pump powe . Some ne wo ks ha e al eady adop ed such measu es, achie ing imp o ed
egula ion o p essu e poin s and educing unnecessa y ene gy consump ion. The ool’s po en ial o
align wi h hese exis ing measu es and u he enhance pump e iciency is seen as a s ong poin by
ope a o s.
4.3.3 Cus ome Pe spec i e on Hea Supply and Com o
F om he cus ome s andpoin , main aining com o while keeping ene gy p ices easonable is a
cen al conce n. Feedback om a dis ic hea ing cus ome emphasized he impo ance o ensu ing
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
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a s able supply o 60°C wa e o domes ic ho wa e use. In addi ion o com o , cus ome s a e willing
o p o ide he necessa y da a o sys em op imiza ion, sugges ing ha hey see alue in he ool’s
abili y o enhance sys em pe o mance wi hou comp omising se ice quali y.
This inpu highligh s he dual ocus o he ool: ensu ing echnical op imiza ion while main aining use
sa is ac ion. By s iking his balance, he ool can ensu e b oade accep ance among end-use s,
pa icula ly in cus ome - acing aspec s like hea supply and p icing s abili y.
4.3.4 Resea che and S akeholde P e e ences o Tool Usage
Feedback om esea che s and some s akeholde s indica ed a p e e ence o using he ool
independen ly a he han elying on a se ice o op imize he ne wo k. This highligh s he ool’s
po en ial o in eg a ion in o esea ch and academic en i onmen s, whe e i can be used as a pa o
b oade s udies on ene gy e iciency and dis ic hea ing ne wo ks. Resea che s a e pa icula ly
in e es ed in he lexibili y he ool p o ides, allowing hem o es di e en scena ios and
assump ions au onomously.
Con e sely, ne wo k ope a o s exp essed ha o e ing he ool as a se ice would be mo e sui able
o hei needs. Many ope a o s p e e o ou sou ce such expe ise a he han de elop in-house
capabili ies. This dis inc ion be ween use g oups sugges s ha he ool can be posi ioned bo h as a
sel -se ice pla o m o hose wi h echnical expe ise and as a managed se ice o ope a o s
seeking p o essional suppo .
4.3.5 Impo ance o Flexibili y in Elec ici y P icing and he In eg a ion o
Renewable Ene gy Sou ces
The ool’s capaci y o accommoda e lexible elec ici y a i s, including spo ma ke p icing, was
iden i ied as a c i ical ea u e. S akeholde s emphasized ha his lexibili y is pa icula ly ele an
when inco po a ing enewable ene gy sou ces in o he ne wo k, such as was e hea and hea pumps.
These decen alized hea sou ces a e becoming inc easingly impo an in dis ic hea ing sys ems,
and he ool’s exe gy-based app oach is well-sui ed o handle he in eg a ion o hese a iable
sou ces.
Mo eo e , s akeholde s no ed he g owing impo ance o educing supply and e u n empe a u e
le els in dis ic hea ing ne wo ks. This end aligns wi h he b oade push owa d ene gy e iciency
and sus ainabili y, and he eedback indica es ha he ool’s exe gy-based op imiza ion app oach is
pa icula ly aluable in mee ing hese u u e challenges. By acili a ing he in eg a ion o
decen alized hea sou ces and suppo ing empe a u e educ ion e o s, he ool can help ne wo k
ope a o s ansi ion owa d mo e sus ainable ope a ions.
4.3.6 Respond om a Ques ionnai e
The ques ionnai e, which was comple ed wi hin he HYPERGRYD p ojec , p o ides an o e iew o
s akeholde eedback on he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool. The esponses e eal key
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
40
p e e ences ega ding how s akeholde s would like o use he ool and hei hough s on i s
e ec i eness in op imizing dis ic hea ing ne wo ks.
A signi ican 80% o esponden s exp essed a p e e ence o using he op imiza ion ool as a se ice
a he han managing i hemsel es. This sugges s ha mos s akeholde s see alue in ou sou cing
he expe ise needed o op imiza ion. In e ms o p oposing changes, opinions we e spli . While 40%
ound i su icien o sugges op imiza ion changes h ough he HYPERGRYD pla o m wi h he
addi ion o pe sonal con ac , ano he 40% p e e ed ha he se ice p o ide handle all adjus men s
di ec ly. This unde sco es he impo ance o close collabo a ion be ween he ool’s use s and se ice
p o ide s du ing he op imiza ion p ocess.
Fu he mo e, all esponden s highligh ed he impo ance o main aining pe sonal con ac wi h he
se ice p o ide o discuss and plan op imiza ions. This e lec s a clea need o communica ion in
ensu ing he ool’s success ul applica ion. Addi ionally, 80% o pa icipan s indica ed ha lexible
a i s o elec ici y and hea , such as hose based on spo ma ke s, a e ei he cu en ly o po en ially
ele an o hei ope a ions in he u u e, indica ing he g owing impo ance o economic lexibili y
in ene gy managemen .
In e ms o sec o coupling and he in eg a ion o decen alized enewable ene gy sou ces in o DH
g ids, 60% o s akeholde s a ed his as " e y impo an ," while he emaining 40% deemed i
"impo an ." These esul s poin o a s ong in e es in in eg a ing sus ainable ene gy solu ions and
le e aging he ool’s capabili ies o suppo such ini ia i es.
Wi h ega ds o he ool’s op imiza ion app oach, 60% o esponden s ound exe gy-based
op imiza ion o be highly bene icial in p ac ice. This posi i e ecep ion highligh s he ool’s po en ial
o imp o e ene gy e iciency in eal-wo ld applica ions. Las ly, a s ong majo i y o 80% exp essed
high in e es in u he lea ning abou he ool once i s de elopmen is comple e, showing
en husiasm o u u e use and po en ial collabo a ion.
4.3.7 Po en ial and In e es in Fu he De elopmen
O e all, he e is signi ican in e es in he ool's u he de elopmen . Many s akeholde s exp essed
en husiasm abou lea ning mo e once he ool is ully de eloped, pa icula ly in ela ion o i s
p ac ical applica ions. Howe e , i is also clea om he eedback ha s akeholde s would like o see
ongoing engagemen wi h he ool’s de elope s, including oppo uni ies o di ec communica ion o
discuss op imiza ion sugges ions.
This in e es e lec s he impo ance o con inued s akeholde engagemen and he po en ial o
u he cus omiza ion o he ool o mee di e se ope a ional needs. Regula eedback loops and
oppo uni ies o collabo a ion be ween de elope s and use s will be c ucial in ensu ing he ool's
success in a wide ange o dis ic hea ing applica ions.
The s akeholde eedback on he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool unde sco es i s po en ial as a
c i ical asse o bo h planning and ope a ional op imiza ion o dis ic hea ing ne wo ks. The
D3.2 Desc ip ion and epo o exe goeconomic op imiza ion ool o 4 h-5 h DHC. Final e sion
41
eedback highligh s he need o lexibili y, da a in eg a ion, and ease o use, pa icula ly in he
con ex o e ol ing echnologies and decen alized hea sou ces. By inco po a ing hese insigh s in o
u u e de elopmen , he ool can se e a wide ange o use s, om esea che s o ne wo k ope a o s,
while also suppo ing he b oade goals o ene gy e iciency and sus ainabili y.
5 Conclusions
The Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool de eloped o dis ic hea ing and cooling sys ems in he
HYPERGRYD p ojec o e s signi ican ad an ages in op imizing bo h he design and ope a ion o
mode n DHC ne wo ks, pa icula ly 4 h and 5 h gene a ion sys ems. Th ough he combina ion o
exe gy analysis and economic e alua ion, he ool add esses c i ical challenges in ene gy e iciency,
cos managemen , and enewable ene gy in eg a ion.
One o he key s eng hs o he ool lies in i s abili y o calcula e and op imize based on exe gy, a
measu e o he use ul wo k po en ial o ene gy. This allows he sys em o educe unnecessa y high
empe a u es, minimizing ene gy losses and imp o ing o e all sys em e iciency. The ool’s capaci y
o calcula e he exe gy e iciency o a ious empe a u es—such as supply and e u n empe a u es
on bo h he p ima y and seconda y sides—p o ides use s wi h c i ical insigh s in o whe e hea losses
can be educed and how empe a u e le els can be adjus ed o maximize e iciency. This app oach
also suppo s he e ec i e in eg a ion o enewable ene gy sou ces, such as hea pumps and sola
he mal sys ems, which o en ope a e a lowe empe a u e le els.
The ool u he enhances he planning and ope a ional phases o DHC sys ems h ough i s de ailed
simula ion capabili ies. I assis s in op imizing pipeline diame e s, minimizing pump cos s, and
educing hea losses h oughou he ne wo k. By simula ing a ious scena ios, including he
in eg a ion o decen alized hea p oduce s like hea pumps o CHP sys ems, i helps iden i y he mos
cos -e ec i e hea gene a ion s a egies. This ea u e is especially use ul in mode nizing exis ing
ne wo ks o planning expansions, as i enables he iden i ica ion o bo lenecks and op imal loca ions
o boos e pumps.
Ano he ad an age o he Exe goeconomic Op imiza ion Tool is i s conside a ion o lexible elec ici y
a i s, such as hou ly a es o spo ma ke p icing. This allows ope a o s o op imize he economic
ope a ion o hea p oduce s by selec ing he mos cos -e ec i e ene gy sou ce based on eal- ime
elec ici y p ices. Addi ionally, he ool inco po a es comp ehensi e cos calcula ions, including
capi al (CAPEX) and ope a ional (OPEX) expenses, uel p ices, and hea losses, p o iding a de ailed
economic analysis o each scena io.
F om a p ac ical pe spec i e, he ool is in eg a ed wi h GIS da a, enabling use s o isualize p essu e
losses, low a es, and empe a u e dis ibu ions wi hin he ne wo k. This isual ep esen a ion aids
in iden i ying a eas o imp o emen and planning u u e expansions. The lexibili y o he ool’s
in e ace, which is buil on he open-sou ce QGIS pla o m, u he enhances i s usabili y, as i can
impo a wide ange o da a o ma s and in eg a e wi h ex e nal ools.
