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MODERN PROBLEMS OF CULTURAL STUDIES
Bukha a S a e Uni e si y
Lec u e o he Depa men o Music Pe o mance and Cul u e
Hami o a Sunbula Bahodi o na
Abs ac : This a icle discusses he main con empo a y challenges aced by he ield o cul u al
s udies in he 21s cen u y. I explo es he in luence o globaliza ion, he eme gence o digi al cul u e,
he comme cializa ion o cul u e, ecological and mo al c ises, and he g owing need o
in e disciplina y esea ch. Each p oblem is analyzed wi h examples om mode n li e and global
p ac ice.
Keywo ds: cul u al s udies, globaliza ion, digi al cul u e, na ional iden i y, mass cul u e, ecological
cul u e, mo al c isis.
The 21s cen u y has b ough humani y in o an e a o apid echnological ad ancemen , global
in e connec ion, and in o ma ion o e load. These p ocesses ha e had a p o ound e ec on he
de elopmen o cul u e, demanding new heo e ical and me hodological app oaches om cul u al
s udies.Today, cul u al s udies no longe ocus only on he he i age o he pas ; i also analyzes he
laws o cul u al ans o ma ion, adap a ion o global changes, and he eme gence o new social alues.
Thus, he mode n schola o cul u e mus add ess no only his o ical bu also sociological,
communica i e, and e hical dimensions o cul u al li e.
1. Globaliza ion and he P oblem o Cul u al Iden i y
Globaliza ion e e s o he g owing in e connec ion be ween peoples in economic, poli ical, and
cul u al sphe es. While i p omo es in e cul u al exchange, i also poses a se ious isk o losing
na ional and cul u al iden i y.
Fo example, among mode n you h, Wes e n music, ashion, and li es yle ha e become dominan ,
o en o e shadowing adi ional music, olklo e, and clo hing. As a esul , he sense o belonging —
he unde s anding o “who I am and whe e I come om” — is becoming weake .
In Uzbekis an, e o s o coun e his end a e isible h ough he p omo ion o na ional language
media, Uzbek cinema, and cul u al es i als. P ojec s such as “Na uz,” “Alpomish,” and “Cul u al
He i age o Uzbekis an” aim o p ese e and p omo e na ional iden i y amid global in luence.
2. Digi al Cul u e and he In o ma ion Re olu ion
The 21s cen u y is o en called he age o digi al cul u e. The in e ne , a i icial in elligence, and
social media ha e adically ans o med how people communica e, lea n, and c ea e a . Cul u e is
now being p oduced and consumed in i ual spaces.
Fo ins ance, a wo ks ha once equi ed physical isi s o museums can now be iewed in online
exhibi ions and 3D i ual galle ies, such as hose o e ed by Google A s & Cul u e. Pla o ms like
TikTok, Ins ag am, and YouTube ha e c ea ed new “digi al celeb i ies.” Howe e , his new cul u e
has a downside — supe iciali y and “like-based” alue sys ems. The lood o in o ma ion can cause
“in o ma ion noise,” educing a en ion and dep h o hinking. The e o e, he de elopmen o digi al
li e acy and in o ma ion e hics has become an u gen ask o cul u al educa o s.
3. Comme cializa ion and Massi ica ion o Cul u e
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In he mode n wo ld, cul u e has inc easingly become an economic commodi y. The ilm indus y,
ashion, ad e ising, and show business ha e u ned a in o a p o i able sec o .Fo example, he
global en e ainmen indus y gene a es billions o dolla s annually. Howe e , his o en leads o he
decline o a is ic quali y and mo al dep h, gi ing ise o mass cul u e — en e ainmen ha p io i izes
popula i y o e meaning. Many con empo a y songs and ilms, o ins ance, ocus on sensa ionalism
a he han social o spi i ual con en . This end dis ances cul u e om i s ue pu pose — he mo al
and aes he ic de elopmen o humani y.The e o e, mode n cul u al s udies mus c i ically analyze
mass cul u e and p o ec a is ic and na ional alues om excessi e comme cializa ion.
4. Ecological and Mo al C isis in Cul u e
Technological p og ess has esul ed in se ious en i onmen al damage, b inging humani y o he b ink
o ecological c isis. Mode n cul u al s udies now emphasize ecological and e hical esponsibili y as
cen al aspec s o cul u e. Mo emen s such as “g een cul u e” and “eco-a ” ha e eme ged wo ldwide,
p omo ing en i onmen al awa eness h ough c ea i i y. In Uzbekis an, ini ia i es like “Yashil
Makon” (G een Space) and “Obod Yu ” (Flou ishing Homeland) aim o es o e ha mony be ween
humans and na u e.The mo al dimension is equally impo an . The weakening o humanism, espec ,
and pa io ism among you h equi es enewed ocus on mo al educa ion h ough hea e , li e a u e,
and na ional a es i als.
5. The Need o Theo e ical Renewal in Cul u al S udies
Mode n cul u al s udies mus de elop in e disciplina y app oaches, in eg a ing sociology,
psychology, philosophy, communica ion, and an h opology. Cul u e oday is no only an aes he ic
phenomenon bu also a social and psychological sys em ha e lec s human beha io , media
consump ion, and iden i y.
Fo example, ields like “cul u e and communica ion” o “media cul u e” analyze how mode n people
o m hei alues h ough digi al in e ac ion. Thus, he discipline mus cons an ly upda e i s me hods
o emain ele an in he con empo a y wo ld.
To conclude, he mode n p oblems o cul u al s udies a e complex and in e connec ed. Globaliza ion,
digi al ans o ma ion, comme cializa ion, and mo al decline a e shaping a new cul u al eali y.
Add essing hese challenges equi es:
P ese ing he balance be ween na ional and uni e sal alues;
P omo ing cul u al awa eness and in o ma ion li e acy among you h;
Con inuously mode nizing he heo e ical and me hodological ounda ions o cul u al s udies.
Only h ough such e o s can cul u al s udies ul ill i s mission — o s eng hen he spi i ual
ounda ions o socie y and guide humani y owa d a ha monious cul u al u u e.
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