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DEVELOPMENT OF NEW BIOSTIMULANT PREPARATIONS BASED
ON METHYLATED PURINE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR
INTEGRATION INTO THE BREEDING PROCESS
Bozo o Jasu Xasano ich
Tashken Scien i ic Resea ch Ins i u e o Chemis y and Technology, Uzbekis an
Mi aliye Zoid Zohido ich
Associa e p o esso Tashken s a e ag a ian uni e si y
Email: [email p o ec ed]
Sa senbae Baxi Baza bay uli., Tu imbe o Mu a bay Shamshe o ich
Ka akalpaks an ins i u e o ag icul u e and ag o echnology
DOI: h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17536756
Abs ac : This s udy ocuses on he de elopmen o new bios imulan p epa a ions
de i ed om me hyla ed pu ine compounds and hei in eg a ion in o maize b eeding p og ams.
Me hyla ed pu ine de i a i es exhibi high physiological ac i i y, p omo ing plan g ow h,
enhancing s ess ole ance, and imp o ing pho osyn he ic e iciency. The esea ch aims o
op imize syn hesis condi ions, e alua e bioac i i y in di e en maize a ie ies, and assess hei
po en ial as en i onmen ally sa e g ow h egula o s. Applica ion o hese compounds in b eeding
may accele a e selec ion o high-yield and d ough - esis an hyb ids. The esul s a e expec ed o
con ibu e o sus ainable ag icul u e and he c ea ion o inno a i e, eco- iendly bios imulan s
o c op p oduc ion.
Keywo ds: me hyla ed pu ine de i a i es, bios imulan , maize b eeding, g ow h
egula o s, s ess ole ance, sus ainable ag icul u e.
In oduc ion. Pu ine de i a i es ha e a ac ed conside able a en ion in
ecen yea s due o hei wide ange o biological and physiological ac i i ies in
bo h animal and plan sys ems. Among hem, me hyla ed pu ine compounds a e o
pa icula in e es because o hei egula o y e ec s on nucleic acid me abolism,
enzyme ac i i y, and cell di e en ia ion. In plan bio echnology and b eeding, such
compounds can be u ilized as bios imulan s ha p omo e g ow h, enhance s ess
ole ance, and imp o e o e all plan p oduc i i y. De eloping en i onmen ally
sa e and highly e icien g ow h egula o s based on me hyla ed pu ine de i a i es
he e o e ep esen s an impo an di ec ion in mode n ag icul u al chemis y and
plan physiology.
The pu ine nucleus se es as a key s uc u al mo i in many biologically
ac i e subs ances, including nucleo ides, coenzymes, and plan g ow h egula o s.
Modi ica ions in i s s uc u e, such as me hyla ion o hiola ion, o en lead o new
compounds wi h enhanced bioac i i y. Fo ins ance, 1,9-dihyd o-6H-pu in-6-one
and i s hione analogues can unde go me hyla ion a di e en posi ions o he
he e ocyclic ing, yielding p oduc s ha mimic o in e e e wi h na u al pu ine
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bases. These modi ied pu ines can in luence plan cell signaling, gene exp ession,
and ho monal balance, especially in p ocesses ela ed o g ow h and s ess
adap a ion[1-5].
The de elopmen o bios imulan p epa a ions based on me hyla ed pu ine
de i a i es aims o mee se e al impo an ag icul u al needs. Fi s , clima e change
and soil deg ada ion ha e inc eased he demand o c ops capable o wi hs anding
d ough , salini y, and empe a u e s ess. Second, he e is g owing in e es in
eplacing syn he ic plan g ow h egula o s and e ilize s wi h na u al o semi-
syn he ic subs ances ha a e biodeg adable and en i onmen ally iendly. Finally,
he in eg a ion o chemical and bio echnological app oaches in c op b eeding
o e s new oppo uni ies o enhance he e iciency o plan selec ion and
hyb idiza ion p ocesses.
In his con ex , maize (Zea mays L.) is one o he mos ele an c ops o
bios imulan applica ion s udies. As a globally impo an ce eal, maize equi es
op imal nu ien and wa e managemen o high yields. Howe e , i s g ow h and
p oduc i i y a e o en limi ed by abio ic s esses such as d ough and soil salini y.
Applica ion o pu ine-based bios imulan s could help o o e come hese limi a ions
by ac i a ing physiological p ocesses in ol ed in wa e up ake, pho osyn hesis,
and oo de elopmen . Mo eo e , in eg a ing hese compounds in o maize b eeding
p og ams could accele a e he de elopmen o new hyb ids wi h imp o ed
esilience and p oduc i i y.
The me hyla ion eac ions o 1,9-dihyd o-6H-pu in-6-one and i s hione
de i a i es a e o pa icula echnological in e es . Me hyla ion unde a ious
ca aly ic and sol en condi ions can lead o de i a i es wi h di e en biological
p ope ies. Fo example, me hyla ion a he N1 o N7 posi ion may al e hyd ogen
bonding capaci y, elec onic densi y, and lipophilici y, which in u n a ec s he
compound’s abili y o pene a e plan issues and in e ac wi h ecep o p o eins.
Sys ema ic op imiza ion o me hyla ion condi ions— empe a u e, sol en pola i y,
ca alys ype, and eac ion ime—can yield a se ies o s uc u ally ela ed p oduc s
o compa a i e biological e alua ion.
Recen ad ances in g een chemis y ha e also in luenced he syn hesis o
pu ine de i a i es. The use o en i onmen ally iendly sol en s (such as wa e ,
e hanol, o ionic liquids) and mild ca alys s educes was e and oxici y, making he
p oduc ion o bioac i e compounds mo e sus ainable. Addi ionally, bioca aly ic
me hods employing speci ic enzymes capable o me hyl ans e eac ions a e
being explo ed as al e na i es o adi ional chemical syn hesis. These me hods
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align wi h he global end owa d eco-sa e echnologies and enewable esou ce
u iliza ion.
The biological e alua ion o me hyla ed pu ine de i a i es includes assessing
hei e ec s on ge mina ion a e, seedling g ow h, chlo ophyll con en , enzyma ic
ac i i y, and yield pa ame e s. S udies ha e shown ha pu ine-like molecules can
enhance he syn hesis o g ow h ho mones such as cy okinins and gibbe ellins,
s imula e pho osyn he ic enzymes, and imp o e he an ioxidan de ense sys em o
plan s. Such p ope ies make hem aluable candida es o bios imulan
o mula ion. When in eg a ed in o b eeding p og ams, hey can also se e as
chemical ma ke s o iden i y physiological esponses and gene ic ai s associa ed
wi h s ess esis ance.
In eg a ion in o he b eeding p ocess in ol es bo h di ec and indi ec
applica ions. Di ec ly, bios imulan s can be applied o seeds, seedlings, o g owing
plan s o p omo e desi able pheno ypic ai s such as as e ge mina ion, s onge
oo sys ems, and g ea e biomass accumula ion. Indi ec ly, hey can be used as
ools in physiological selec ion o iden i y lines wi h highe esponsi eness o
exogenous g ow h egula o s. This dual unc ion enhances he p ecision and speed
o selec ion, ul ima ely imp o ing he e iciency o b eeding p og ams.
Ul ima ely, he in eg a ion o me hyla ed pu ine de i a i es in o maize
b eeding aligns wi h he p inciples o sus ainable ag icul u e. I educes he
eliance on syn he ic chemicals, minimizes en i onmen al pollu ion, and suppo s
c op p oduc i i y unde changing clima ic condi ions. The c ea ion o new
bios imulan o mula ions based on hese de i a i es may lead o nex -gene a ion
ag icul u al inpu s ha a e bo h scien i ically inno a i e and en i onmen ally
compa ible.
Table 1. Possible biological e ec s o me hyla ed pu ine de i a i es in maize
plan s
№
Obse ed E ec
Physiological Mechanism
Expec ed Resul in
B eeding
1
S imula ed seed
ge mina ion
Ac i a ion o nucleic acid
and p o ein syn hesis
Fas e ge mina ion and
uni o m seedlings
2
Enhanced oo and shoo
g ow h
Inc eased cy okinin-like
ac i i y
S onge plan de elopmen
and nu ien up ake
3
Imp o ed pho osyn he ic
pigmen con en
S imula ion o chlo ophyll
and enzyme syn hesis
Highe pho osyn he ic
e iciency
4
Inc eased d ough and sal
s ess ole ance
Ac i a ion o an ioxidan
and osmop o ec i e
pa hways
Selec ion o s ess- esis an
geno ypes
5
Enhanced g ain yield and
Imp o ed me abolic and
De elopmen o high-yield,
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biomass accumula ion
ho monal egula ion
esilien maize hyb ids
Conclusions. Me hyla ed pu ine de i a i es e ec i ely s imula e maize
g ow h, enhance s ess ole ance, and can be in eg a ed in o b eeding p og ams,
o e ing sus ainable, eco- iendly bios imulan solu ions o high-yield hyb id
de elopmen .
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