ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
634
THE OBJECTIVE LAWS OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT.
Ka imo Muhammad ahim Salimjon o‘g‘li
Andijan Ins i u e o Ag icul u e and Ag o echnology
Assis an Lec u e , Depa men o Humani ies
E-mail: [email p o ec ed]
Republic o Uzbekis an, Andijan
Tel: +998(91)120-25-22
ABSTRACT
This a icle examines he objec i e laws o social de elopmen as e ealed by mode n science and
social philosophy. I a gues ha all social, economic, poli ical, legal and spi i ual-educa ional
phenomena and p ocesses a ise, unc ion and de elop on he basis o speci ic laws and s ic
egula i ies. The pape b ie ly add esses he subjec and speci ici y o social philosophy, p esen ing
wo main app oaches: social philosophy as he analysis o he philosophical po en ial o socie y, and
as a doc ine ha socially g ounds philosophical p oblems. Special a en ion is gi en o he iews o
classical hinke s such as O. Com e, Abu Rayhan Be uni, Abu Ali ibn Sina and Abu Nas Fa abi on
he objec i i y o laws in na u e, socie y and human li e. The a icle cla i ies he ela ionship be ween
he concep s o “social law”, “sociological law” and “his o ical law”, and subs an ia es ha social
laws exp ess s able, essen ial and epe i i e connec ions be ween social phenomena and p ocesses. I
is shown ha while social laws a e objec i e, hei mani es a ions a e his o ically a iable and depend
on conc e e socio-his o ical condi ions. Using he example o economic e o ms and he ansi ion o
ma ke ela ions in Uzbekis an, he s udy demons a es he p ac ical impo ance o unde s anding and
consciously applying social-his o ical laws in o de o guide social de elopmen in line wi h na ional
in e es s.
Keywo ds:
objec i e laws o social de elopmen ; social philosophy; social law; sociological law; his o ical law;
Abu Nas Fa abi; O. Com e; social egula i ies; Uzbekis an; ma ke e o ms.
Mode n science shows ha all social, economic, poli ical, legal, spi i ual and educa ional phenomena
and p ocesses occu ing in socie y a ise and de elop on he basis o ce ain laws and a e subjec o
s ic egula i ies. Re ealing hem and indica ing he ways o using hem e ec i ely in he in e es s
o he indi idual and socie y is one o he u gen asks acing he social sciences. Indeed, o unco e
laws and egula i ies means o ind he key o go e ning eali y.
Fo his eason, since ancien imes schola s and sages ha e been in e es ed in knowing he laws o
de elopmen o e e y hing, e en , phenomenon and p ocess, and ha e ied o unde s and he laws
o being.
Fi s o all, p oceeding om he impo ance o elucida ing he opic o ou esea ch, le us b ie ly
dwell on he speci ici y and subjec o social philosophy. I can be said ha oday he ollowing wo
iewpoin s on his issue exis in philosophical li e a u e.
Acco ding o he i s iewpoin , social philosophy is a science di ec ed a iden i ying and analyzing
he philosophical po en ial (possibili ies) o socie y.
Acco ding o he second iewpoin , social philosophy is a doc ine ha p o ides a social g ounding
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
635
o philosophical p oblems. In ou opinion, bo h o hese iewpoin s – ha is, p oceeding om
philosophy o socie y and, con e sely, om socie y o philosophy – a e o ganically in e connec ed
ideas and a e componen pa s o a single whole.
The ideas abou he ex ensi e expansion o a ious aspec s o social li e; second – he aspi a ion o
s udy he spi i ual and poli ical li e o socie y; and, inally, hi d – he aspi a ion, on he basis o a
deepe s udy o he essence o social li e, o know and unde s and i s in e nal causal connec ions, he
causes ha gi e ise o i s egula i ies.
The second end in social philosophy is he idea o a philosophical unde s anding o he his o y o
socie y.
I we look a his social iews, O. Com e, analyzing social li e as an in eg al sys em, di ides i in o
wo pa s: i s , social s a ics, which cha ac e izes he ela i ely s able, quali a i e aspec s o he
exis ence o socie y, and second, social dynamics, which cha ac e izes hose aspec s o socie y ha
a e in mo ion and de elopmen and e eals he na u al laws o i s de elopmen .
In philosophy, he ca ego ies o “law” and “ egula i y” ha e been he cause o sha p deba es o mo e
han wo housand yea s.
The g ea hinke s o Cen al Asia such as Abu Rayhan Be uni, Abu Ali ibn Sino and Abu Nas Fa obi,
while acknowledging ha na u e, socie y and he human being himsel li e in acco dance wi h ce ain
laws and egula i ies, sough o unde s and hei objec i e con en . Fo example, acco ding o Abu
Nas Fa obi, despi e he exis ence o a ious mo al quali ies, abili ies and cha ac e s peculia o
indi idual pe sons, and despi e he p esence o con lic ing in e es s among di e en social g oups and
s a a, people, ou o necessi y and ega dless o hei will and desi es, li e oge he and o m a
communi y.
In sho , people di e om one ano he because hey possess di e en beha io s and abili ies, and
hey a e s i ed by a ious a ec s. In such a si ua ion, hey may ha e one ano he and become an
excessi e bu den o each o he . Howe e , as is o en obse ed, e en when people ha e one ano he ,
hey canno li e alone; as no ed abo e, hey can li e only hanks o join , collec i e ac i i y. F om he
ac ha people a e p one o a ec s ha hinde hem om li ing by eason, and a he same ime a e
in need o mu ual assis ance, he e a ises he necessi y o ag eemen among hem. As a esul o such
ag eemen , in Abu Nas Fa obi’s iew, ce ain o de s and ules o conduc a ise, which a e
consolida ed by he laws es ablished by he head o s a e and his successo s.
Le us pay a en ion, o example, o Abu Nas Fa obi’s ideas on he na u e o he inhabi an s o he
i uous ci y. In such a ci y he popula ion is comple ely ee: “I s inhabi an s a e equal in igh s. Thei
laws ne e allow one pe son o be p e e ed o e ano he . Thei au ho i y o e one ano he and o e
he inhabi an s o o he ci ies conce ns only he expansion o hei eedoms.”
As we can see, Fa obi came e y close o unde s anding ha law is a e lec ion o he gene al and
mos gene al aspec s o he objec i e wo ld.
Fo example, a law es ablished by he s a e se es o ensu e a ce ain o de and discipline in socie y
and obliges ci izens, o icials, and s a e and public o ganiza ions o ca y ou hei ac i i ies in an
app op ia e manne . Like any laws o na u e and socie y, legal laws a e also necessa y by hei e y
na u e. This is, i s , because all pe sons speci ied in he legal law a e obliged o comply wi h i , and
second, because ma e ial ela ions a e egula ed and ce ain liabili y is imposed in o de o p o ec he
in e es s o pa icula social g oups.
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
636
One o he impo an ea u es o law, including legal laws, is ha i possesses coe ci e o ce which
p ese es and consolida es, unde ce ain condi ions, ela ions ha a e necessa y o socie y. Indeed,
a law ha lacks coe ci e o ce esembles an a ac i e slogan. People say, “i only i we e so,” ye
con inue o ac in he opposi e way.
Summa izing all he posi i e o nega i e iews exp essed by hinke s who li ed and wo ked up o he
wen ie h cen u y ega ding law and egula i y, we can say ha hey mainly show ha , on he basis
o he knowledge and p ac ical expe ience accumula ed by human ci iliza ion o e housands o
yea s, he objec i e wo ld de elops and p og esses only acco ding o i s own in e nal laws. In he
ealm o na u e, in he ield o he na u al sciences, e e yone accep s his ule, ye in he knowledge
o phenomena and p ocesses in he social sphe e we wi ness he exis ence o di e se and, in mos
cases, comple ely con adic o y opinions, iews and doc ines.
A his poin he ques ion a ises as o why he abo e-men ioned philosophe s deny he objec i i y o
he laws o na u e and socie y. In ou opinion, he pu pose o squeezing egula i ies ou o he s uc u e
o any science is o de end he idea ha he objec i e eali y su ounding us was c ea ed by someone
and ha his “someone” go e ns all p ocesses. Fo e e y science e eals he objec i i y, necessi y
and con inuous de elopmen o he p ocesses in ha sphe e o being which i s udies.
The objec i i y o he laws o socie y lies in he ac ha i people, in hei p ac ical ac i i y, dis ega d
he equi emen s o ce ain laws and ac agains hem, hese laws will ne e heless subjec people o
hei demands and compel hem o ul ill hem. As an example, we can ci e he ope a ion o he law
o mone a y ela ions in e e y socie y. Acco ding o his law, he amoun o money issued by any
s a e mus co espond o he o al alue o he goods p oduced in ha s a e. I his balance is dis u bed,
mone a y dep ecia ion (in la ion) a ises and he pace o he coun y’s economic de elopmen is
dis up ed. We can obse e his in he economic c ises ha occu ed du ing he ansi ion o he CIS
coun ies o ma ke ela ions.
Since ou esea ch is aimed a s udying he laws o socie y, we mus , i s o all, e eal he essence o
such concep s as “law”, “social law”, “sociological law” and “his o ical law”. In philosophical
li e a u e he concep s o “social law”, “sociological law” and “his o ical law” a e widely used.
Howe e , many au ho s exp ess di e en opinions ega ding he in e ela ion o hese concep s. Some
explain he in e connec ion o hese ca ego ies om he s andpoin o singula i y, gene ali y and
pa icula i y, while o he s, in ce ain cases, se hem in comple e opposi ion o one ano he .
In ou opinion, when speaking o he laws o socie y, i mus be acknowledged ha hey p ima ily
e lec he in e connec ion, ela ionships and o he ies be ween a ious phenomena and p ocesses o
social li e. Fo example, he law o he equilib ium o “demand” and “supply” exp esses he ela ions
be ween he wo sides o ma ke ela ions, o be ween need and in e es . In he same way, o he laws
o socie y also e lec he ela ions be ween a ious phenomena o social li e.
Any objec , phenomenon and p ocess in he objec i e wo ld is always in di e se and complex
ela ions. These ela ions may be in e nal and ex e nal, essen ial and non-essen ial, di ec and indi ec ,
necessa y and acciden al, s able and changeable, pe manen and empo a y, and hey a e dis inguished
by he ea u es o gene ali y and pa icula i y. F om his poin o iew, J. T. Tuleno ’s idea ha “A
law canno encompass all hese ela ions. Ou o he o ali y o di e se links and connec ions i , i s
o all, exp esses he essen ial links, ha is, such ela ions as a ise no om ex e nal condi ions bu
om he essence o hings and phenomena hemsel es, om hei in e nal in e connec edness,” is
co ec .
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
637
The laws o socie y also exp ess s able ela ions be ween social phenomena. Fo example, any social
p ocess has i s own speci ic ea u es, aspec s, sides and ela ions, and each o hese ela ions –
some imes sepa a ely, some imes oge he – is cons an ly changing, de eloping and enewing. Unde
di e en condi ions and o a ious easons some ea u es, p ope ies and sides may disappea and
new ones may a ise in hei place. The laws o socie y canno e lec all o hese. They only ha e he
p ope y o e lec ing he ela i ely s able and pe manen ela ions and in e connec ions in social
phenomena and p ocesses, because such ela ions and in e connec ions do no lead o signi ican
changes in a ela i ely sho pe iod o social de elopmen . On his basis a pe son comes o know he
laws o he exis ence and de elopmen o social p ocesses and phenomena.
An impo an ea u e o laws is ha by exp essing he epe i ion o links and connec ions be ween
hings and phenomena, hey desc ibe he mu ual in luence and in e connec ion be ween social
phenomena and p ocesses and show he di ec ion and p inciple o hei de elopmen . I i is necessa y
o know which pa h he new s a es ha eme ged in place o he o me Union will ollow, o which
economic o mili a y blocs hey may belong in he u u e and owa ds which cen e s hey may
g a i a e, i is o g ea impo ance o s udy and know o which socio-e hnic g oups hese s a es
belonged in he pe iods p io o he o me Union.
A he same ime, he in a iance o laws should ne e be unde s ood as some hing cons an and
e e nal. Social p ac ice shows ha he ela i ely in a iable aspec o he laws o socie y can in no way
and unde no ci cums ances be absolu ized and ega ded as unchanging. This is because, in he
ma e ial wo ld, he con en and essence o hings and phenomena a e cons an ly changing and
de eloping as a esul o he ela ions and in e connec ions be ween hem. The human eason and
hinking ha e lec hese ela ions also change and de elop. Consequen ly, he laws ha encompass
and exp ess hese p ocesses a e also in cons an change and de elopmen .
We can ci e as an example o ou abo e idea he ac ha he e o ms being implemen ed in ou
economy a e p oceeding p ecisely on he basis o aking in o accoun and ollowing his his o ical
egula i y. The e o e, when ou head o s a e, ha ing p o oundly unde s ood he objec i e egula i ies
o ou social li e, emphasized du ing he ansi ion o ma ke ela ions ha “The pa h chosen by
Uzbekis an is an economy ha ully co esponds o he in e es s o he Republic and i s people, a
socially o ien ed economy aimed a o ming a ma ke economy,” he was absolu ely igh .
Acco ding o ou P esiden , du ing he ansi ion pe iod, “we do no exclude he possibili y o using
all c ea i e expe iences accumula ed in he de elopmen p ocess o o he s a es and sui able o
applica ion o he condi ions o he Republic. A he same ime, blind copying o any model, e en i
i has led o posi i e esul s in ce ain coun ies, is absolu ely unaccep able. I is qui e clea ha
speci ic me hods and means, whe e e hey a e in ended o a pa icula coun y, can yield posi i e
esul s only unde he speci ic condi ions peculia o ha coun y.”
I should be especially emphasized ha no only he pa ial laws o socie y, bu also i s gene al laws
change and acqui e a di e en appea ance as a esul o he deep and sha p changes and enewals
aking place in social li e. Fo he de elopmen o he his o ical p ocess and he change in he essence
o social phenomena and e en s ine i ably lead o such consequences. A change in he essence o
e en s and phenomena will, o cou se, lead o a change in he law. Changes ha do no al e he
con en and essence o an e en o phenomenon do no b ing abou a change in he law. Thus, as long
as he quali y and essence o socio-his o ical p ocesses and phenomena emain unchanged, he laws
peculia o hese p ocesses and phenomena and exp essing hem also emain unchanged.
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
638
The e o e, law, on he one hand, e lec s he impo an , s able, calm and balanced s a es o social
phenomena and p ocesses, and on he o he hand, i also encompasses hei es less, con inuous
changes and mo emen s; hese, in u n, ine i ably o e come s abili y and equilib ium and lead o he
displacemen o he posi ion o each sys em, phenomenon and p ocess.
A change in he objec i e condi ions leads o a change in he con en and essence o socio-his o ical
p ocesses and, ul ima ely, o a change in he laws unde which hese p ocesses ope a e. Fo his
eason, a each s age o he e o ms being ca ied ou in ou Republic, changes and cla i ica ions a e
being in oduced in o he s a egy o e o ms. These consis in sa is ying he demands o objec i e
laws.
To s udy, comp ehend and p ac ically use he objec i e demands o he laws o socie y, a conc e e
his o ical app oach is necessa y. This equi es ha he knowing subjec be in con ac wi h he social
whole and ha heo y be in con ac wi h p ac ice. A conc e e his o ical app oach helps o closely eel
he in e ela ion o laws, i s , wi h his o ical expe ience and hen wi h speci ic condi ions, and o
co e all he cha ac e is ics o a gi en socio-his o ical pe iod in he speci ic condi ions o social
exis ence.
Ano he impo an ea u e o he laws o socie y is ha hey e lec he objec i e, essen ial, necessa y
and gene al aspec s and ela ions o social phenomena and p ocesses and de e mine he na u e and
di ec ion o hese p ocesses unde ce ain his o ical condi ions.
Thus, by s udying how a gi en law mani es ed i sel in he pas and i s speci ic aspec s in he p esen ,
i is possible o o esee how i will mani es i sel in he u u e, in wha way i will be ealized, o o
p edic in ad ance he eme gence o an unexpec ed his o ical si ua ion.
On he basis o he ideas exp essed in his opic, we can d aw a ce ain conclusion. Namely, he
concep o “socio-his o ical law” possesses he ollowing impo an ea u es and cha ac e is ics: i s ,
he concep s o “social law”, “his o ical law” and “sociological law” a e used p ima ily o dis inguish
he laws o socie y om he laws o na u e; second, hey a e used o desc ibe he ac ha he laws o
socie y, unlike he laws o na u e, a e apidly changing; hi d, his concep is used o exp ess speci ic
pa ial laws ha ope a e only a ce ain s ages and unde ce ain conc e e his o ical condi ions o
socio-his o ical p ocesses and phenomena; ou h, a social law encompasses speci ic social
in e connec ions, p ope ies, sides and ela ions o phenomena ha a ise unde speci ic socio-
his o ical condi ions. Thus, based on ou abo e ideas, we can gi e he ollowing de ini ion o law.
A socio-his o ical law is he o ali y o impo an , necessa y and epe i i e connec ions, links and
ela ions o social phenomena and p ocesses ha a ise h ough people’s ac i i y ca ied ou
consciously and wi h a de ini e aim, p oceeding om hei own social needs and in e es s, and ha
de e mine he cha ac e and di ec ion o he de elopmen o hese p ocesses unde ce ain condi ions.
REFERENCES:
1. Монтескье Ш. О духе законов. -М.: Наука, 1955.-163 с.
2. Фалсафа асослари. Назаров К. тахрири астида. -Т.: Шарк, 2005.-249
3. б.
4. Фалсафа комусий лугат. Назаров К. тахрири астида. -Т.: Шарк, 2004. -496 б.
5. Форобий Абу Наср Фозил одамлар шахри. -Т.: Навруз, 1993.-260 б.
6. Ж.Туленов. Жамият фалсафаси. Олтинчи булим - Т., 2001 йил, 9-12 бетлар.
7. Фалсафа. Укув кулланма - Т., «Шарк», 1999 йил, 258-262 бетлар.
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
639
8. Muhammad akhim, Ka imo , and Mama yusupo a Rozikhan. "Philosophical Analysis o he
Concep s o You h Wo ld iew and Inno a i e Thinking." Mias o P zyszłości 48 (2024): 719-725.
9. Muhammad akhim, Ka imo , and Esono a I oda. "Analysis o socio-philosophical ideas in
he wo ks o Alishe Na oi." Mias o P zyszłości 48 (2024): 307-311.
10. Muhammad ahim, Ka imo , and Nomono a Rozihan. "Philosophical Analysis o Technique
and Technology in he Global Space." Mias o P zyszłości 48 (2024): 312-316.
11. Abdukayumo na, Ka imo a Muyassa khon. "RAISING THE INNOVATIVE THINKING
OF STUDENT-YOUTH." Galaxy In e na ional In e disciplina y Resea ch Jou nal 11.11 (2023):
585-590.
12. KARIMOV, Muhammad ahim. "TA’LIM VA TARBIYADA OILA OMILI." News o UzMU
jou nal 1.1.3 (2024): 121-124.
13. Maliko ich, Y. R. (2020). RELATIONS OF THE RELIGIOUS ADMINISTRATION OF
CENTRAL ASIA REGION WITH OTHER RELIGIOUS ORGANISATION OF EAST DURING
1940-1980 YEARS. PalA ch's Jou nal o A chaeology o Egyp /Egyp ology, 17(6), 3609-3612.
14. Юсупов, Р. М. (2020). «БАРОҚХОН» ВА «МИР АРАБ» МАДРАСАЛАРИНИНИГ
ДИНИЙ МУАССАСАЛАРИГА КАДИРЛАР ТАЙЁРЛАШ ТАРИХИДАН ЛАВХАЛАР (1940-
1960 й. й.). Li e Sciences and Ag icul u e, (2-2), 200-203.
15. Юсупов, Р. М. (2020). EXCERPTS FROM THE HISTORY OF TRAINING FOR THE
RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS OF" BARAKKHAN" AND" MIR ARAB" MADRASSAS (1940-
1960 yea s). Li e Sciences and Ag icul u e, 2(2), 200-203.
