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GENERAL INFORMATION AND THEORIES ABOUT PSYCHODRAMA
Tu emu a o a Aziza Begibae na
Assis an , Depa men o Pedagogy and Psychology, Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y named a e
Be dakh, Republic o Ka akalpaks an.
[email p o ec ed]
Tojie a Na gisa
S uden o Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y.
Ma mu a o a Shahlo
S uden o Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y.
Yangibae a Asalxon
S uden o Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y.
h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17668382
Abs ac . This s udy discusses psychological analyses based on his o ical da a abou
psychod ama. The o igins o psychod ama and he main con en o he me hods used in
psychological aining a e discussed. Also, du ing ou s udy, based on mode n psychological
esea ch by expe ienced educa ional psychologis s, he applica ion o he concep o psychod ama
in psychology and he essence o psychod ama a e explained in de ail.
Keywo ds: Psychod ama, psychological app oaches, Mo eno's heo y, psychological
me hods, psychological aining, his o y o psychod ama.
PSIXODRAMA HAQIDA UMUMIY MA’LUMOTLAR VA NAZARIYALAR
Anno a siya. Ushbu adqiqo da psixod ama haqida a ixiy ma’lumo la ga asoslangan
psixologik ahlilla haqida muhokama qilinadi. Psixod amaning kelib chiqishi a psixologik
eningla da qo’llanilish me odla ining asosiy mazmuni haqida ay ib o’ iladi. Shuningdek,
adqiqo imiz da omida aj ibali pedagog-psixologla ning zamona iy psixologik adqiqo la iga
asoslangan holda, psixod ama ushunchasining psixologiyada qo’llanilishi a psixod amaning
mohiya i haqida ba a sil ushun i ib o’ iladi.
Kali so’zla : Psixod ama, psixologik yondashu la , Mo eno naza iyasi, psixologik
me odla , psixologik eningla , psixod ama a ixi.
ОБЩАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ И ТЕОРИИ О ПСИХОДРАМЕ
Аннотация. В настоящем исследовании представлен психологический анализ,
основанный на исторических данных о психодраме. Рассматриваются истоки психодрамы
и основное содержание методов, используемых в психологическом тренинге. Кроме того, в
ходе исследования, опираясь на современные психологические исследования опытных
педагогов-психологов, подробно излагаются применение концепции психодрамы в
психологии и её сущность.
Ключевые слова: Психодрама, психологические подходы, теория Морено,
психологические методы, психологический тренинг, история психодрамы.
In oduc ion
I we look a he his o y o he de elopmen o psychology, we can see ha ea lie in
human psychology, using me hods based on psychod ama, he idea o a deepe unde s anding o
he pe sonali y, he s udy o he indi idual de elopmen o he indi idual, he g adual s udy o his
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inne expe iences, he signi icance o socio-social oles and hei mu ual psychological
ela ionships was implemen ed by Mo eno. The heo y o psychod ama de eloped by him
eme ged as a new di ec ion, which allows analyzing he psychology o he indi idual no only
h ough wo ds, bu also h ough ac ions, images o psychological de elopmen and social scenes.
In he ield o psychology, he concep o psychod ama is no only a he apeu ic me hod,
bu also one o he main psychological di ec ions ha helps o unde s and he social essence o he
indi idual, and is a scien i ic and p ac ical sys em aimed a s udying he p ocess o indi idual
o ma ion o human oles and sel -awa eness. Acco ding o Mo eno, a pe son is a social being,
and in o de o ully unde s and his inne wo ld, i is necessa y o eli e he expe ience no only
h ough speech o w i en exp ession, bu also h ough ac ion, social oles. This s udy, based on
he p ac ical and heo e ical ounda ions o he heo y o psychod ama, analyzes i s ole in he
de elopmen o he indi idual, social mechanisms o unde s anding social oles, and impo an
aspec s o psychological de elopmen in he de elopmen o he indi idual. One o he main asks
o he s udy is o s udy he scien i ic jus i ica ion o Ya.'s psychod ama. Mo eno e eals he socio-
spi i ual de elopmen o he indi idual and i s signi icance in mode n psychology. The heo e ical
ounda ions o he heo y o psychod ama a e o c ea e he oppo uni y o unde s and he issues o
indi idual de elopmen o pe sonali y psychology, socio-spi i ual cha ac e is ics h ough
psychological analysis, sociome y, he heo y o social oles, and o gain a deepe unde s anding
o a pe son's sel -awa eness and communica i e de elopmen . In ou opinion, his psychological
app oach e eals he in e nal mechanisms o he ha monious de elopmen o he indi idual and
socio-spi i ual aspec s o he pe sonali y. Psychod ama me hods can be used in educa ional
ins i u ions, psychological counseling cen e s, in he sys em o socio-spi i ual wo k, in esol ing
amily and in e pe sonal con lic s. Th ough i , a pe son ge s he oppo uni y o exp ess his eelings
and o m his wo ld iew, es ablish empa hic con ac wi h o he s, and inc ease his li e expe ience.
Ya. Mo eno conside ed psychod ama o be he main me hod ha allows a pe son o ind
his own iden i y. Based on he esul s o his esea ch, he c ea ed he heo y o psychod ama based
on heo ies ha in e p e he indi idual as a socio-psychological sys em aimed a es o ing social
ac i i y and mobilizing c ea i e powe in his de elopmen . The heo y o psychod ama de eloped
by Mo eno allows a pe son o de elop no only heo e ically, bu also p ac ically, by helping o
analyze oles, econside and analyze hem, and e eal in e nal con lic s h ough he s age.
The e o e, psychod ama is one o he e ec i e psychological me hods o analyzing he
psychological dynamics o indi idual de elopmen . In o de o change a pe son, i is necessa y o
e u n him o his c ea i e s age. This idea ully exp esses he essence o psychod ama. Fo
Mo eno, he indi idual de elopmen o a pe son is no conside ed a passi e objec o analysis, bu
is ecognized as an ac i e c ea o o his own li e. The e o e, psychod ama is he main
psychological di ec ion ha helps a pe son ac i ely unde s and his ole, encou ages him o ebuild
his li e, and helps in choosing social oles. Psychod ama is a majo di ec ion in imp o ing he
human psyche h ough i s ca ha ic e ec . A pe son can de elop by ecognizing and exp essing his
eelings. Theo e ically, a pe son ies o unde s and he eelings o o he s and see himsel om he
pe spec i e o o he s (by changing oles). These psychological p ocesses allow a pe son o
cons uc i ely sol e psychological p oblems. A pe son can inc ease he le el o social adap a ion
o li e h ough social images.
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One o he mos impo an psychological concep s in human li e is he concep o image.
Ya. L. Mo eno, based on he analy ical esul s o he heo y o psychod ama, in e p e ed
he social ole as a cen al ca ego y. In his opinion, he en i e men al s a e o a pe son, a ising om
he p ocess o social ac i i y and sel -awa eness, is mani es ed p ecisely h ough he sys em o
oles. Acco ding o Mo eno, om bi h, a pe son g adually assimila es he oles exis ing in
socie y, adop ing some o hem, abandoning some, and c ea i ely ec ea ing some. Thus, he
“ ole” is he basic uni ha e eals he social con en o he human pe sonali y. The social image
de e mines he abili y o a pe son o ac i ely pa icipa e in he li e o socie y. Each new ole means
new social expe iences o a pe son, a new s age o g ow h. Thus, h ough oles, he socio-
spi i ual ma u i y o he indi idual is o med. A pe son pa icipa ing in psychod ama usually
expe iences he ollowing changes: The abili y o unde s and and exp ess hei own eelings
inc eases; People's sel -es eem and sel -con idence inc ease; They mo e clea ly unde s and hei
social oles and educe ba ie s o communica ing wi h o he s. This helps a pe son make li e
decisions. As a esul , he indi idual de elopmen o a pe son is combined wi h social ha mony.
Conclusion
In he p ocess o psychological de elopmen , a pe son begins o pe cei e himsel as an
ac i e membe o socie y, de elops his c ea i e abili ies and becomes a esponsible membe .
Today, psychod ama is no only a he apeu ic ool, bu is also widely used in amily
psychology in such a eas as educa ion, leade ship, social ac i i y, and upb inging ac o s. In
heo ies based on psychod ama, we conclude ha i is possible o inc ease a pe son's li e
expe ience by implemen ing psychological ainings ha con ol his indi idual de elopmen .
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