Jou nal o Resea ch and De elopmen
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Impac o I iga ion on Ag icul u e P oduc i i y in Sa a a Dis ic o
Maha ash a S a e Kajal Subhash Kumbha da e1, D . S. S. Po bha e2
1Resea ch Schola , Depa men o Economics,
Shi aji Uni e si y, Kolhapu
2P o esso and Resea ch Guide, Depa men o Economics,
P o . Sambhaji ao Kadam College, Deu (Sa a a)
Manusc ip ID:
JRD -2025-170930
ISSN: 2230-9578
Volume 17
Issue 9 (V)
Pp. 122-125
Sep . 2025
Submi ed:15 Aug. 2025
Re ised: 25 Aug. 2025
Accep ed: 10 Sep . 2025
Published: 30 Sep . 2025
Abs ac
I iga ion is known as an impo an ac o in Indian ag icul u e. Because he e a e i egula i ies
in ain all and cons an changes in wea he . The e o e, i iga ion is essen ial o inc ease ag icul u al
p oduc ion success ully. This esea ch has s udied he i iga ion s a us o Sa a a dis ic in Maha ash a
s a e and i s impac on ag icul u al p oduc i i y. Fo his, a s udy has been conduc ed based on seconda y
da a om 2019-20. The aim was o unde s and egional i iga ion dispa i ies by analyzing he o al
cul i a ed a ea and i iga ed a ea by aluka. Also, he a ea, p oduc ion and p oduc i i y o majo c ops
we e examined acco ding o he a ailabili y o i iga ion. The indings show ha he e is inequali y in
aluka-wise i iga ion. Phal an, Ka ad and Sa a a alukas ha e mo e i iga ion acili ies. Whe eas he
Jawali Kha a a eas a e s ill d ough -a ec ed. In he c op s udy, i iga ed c ops like suga cane and whea
we e ound o be he highes in p oduc i i y. While mille and jowa we e ound o be less p oduc i e. I is
clea om his obse a ion ha i iga ion has a signi ican impac on ag icul u al p oduc i i y in Sa a a
dis ic . The e o e, i is necessa y o expand i iga ion acili ies o achie e ag icul u al de elopmen .
Keywo ds: I iga ion, Ag icul u e, Majo C ops, P oduc i i y
In oduc ion
Since ag icul u e in India is gene ally dependen on ain all, i iga ion is an
impo an ac o o achie ing s abili y and high p oduc i i y. Since Maha ash a is a d ough -
p one s a e, a ious i iga ion p ojec s ha e been se up in he s a e o o e come he unce ain y
o ain all. Sa a a dis ic is an ag icul u ally impo an dis ic in Maha ash a, and he i iga ion
p o ided by Koyna Dam, K ishna-Koyna Upsa I iga ion Scheme, Dhom Dam, Tembhu
Scheme and o he medium and small i iga ion p ojec s has inc eased he ag icul u al
p oduc i i y, c opping pa e n and income o he a me s in he dis ic . Be o e he in oduc ion
o i iga ion, ag icul u e in Sa a a dis ic was based solely on he a ailabili y o ain all. Du ing
ha ime, adi ional c ops like jowa , baj a, pulses and g oundnu we e g own. The expansion
o i iga ion acili ies has changed ag icul u e in Sa a a dis ic o a g ea ex en . Due o eliable
i iga ion, a me s ha e s a ed g owing cash c ops like suga cane, whea and ice. The e o e, i
is impo an o s udy he e ec o i iga ion on ag icul u al p oduc i i y in Sa a a dis ic . This
s udy helps o cla i y he na u e o changes in p oduc i i y due o he a ailabili y o i iga ion
acili ies and hei impac on ag icul u al de elopmen .
Re iew o Li e a u e
D . Banduke, S. Mane (2019) has done a geog aphical analysis o ag icul u al p oduc i i y o
ice c op in Sa a a dis ic . Fo he s udy a ea, hey ha e selec ed he en i e Sa a a dis ic , in
which he e ec o clima e, ain all and physical cha ac e is ics on ice p oduc ion has been
examined. Fo he s udy, da a om dis ic gaze ee s, ag icul u e depa men epo s, and
census da a we e used, and s a is ical analysis, maps, and compa a i e me hods we e used in he
me hodology. The pe iod om 1990 o 2010 has been s udied.
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Add ess o co espondence:
Kajal Subhash Kumbha da e, Resea ch Schola , Depa men o Economics, Shi aji Uni e si y, Kolhapu
How o ci e his a icle:
K. S. Kumbha da e, S. S. Po bha e.(2025).Impac o I iga ion on Ag icul u e P oduc i i y in
Sa a a Dis ic o Maha ash a S a e. Jou nal o Resea ch & De elopmen , 17(9), 122-125
O iginal A icle
Jou nal o Resea ch and De elopmen
A Mul idisciplina y In e na ional Le el Re e ed and Double Blind Pee Re iewed, Open Access
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The conclusion shows ha in a pe iod o 20 yea s, he highes inc ease in ice c op p oduc i i y has been
obse ed in Mahabaleshwa aluka o Sa a a dis ic and has eached 100.7. Whe eas, he highes dec ease has been
obse ed in Phal an aluka.
P iyanga Dunusinghe (2021) has s udied he impac o i iga ion on ag icul u al p oduc i i y in his esea ch a icle,
ocusing on ice and maize c ops. The pe iod 2007 o 2019 has been selec ed o he s udy, and he in o ma ion has
been aken om he Cos o Cul i a ion o Ag icul u al C ops Handbook. The s udy conside ed wo seasons e e y yea .
Acco ding o he conclusion, i iga ion has shown 40% highe p oduc i i y in ice c op and 12% in maize c op. Also,
mechaniza ion has a posi i e e ec on p oduc i i y in ice and maize c ops. The s udy shows ha i iga ion inc eases
ag icul u al p oduc i i y, p omo es economic de elopmen by p oducing mo e p oduce on less land.
M. Shahapu , D . R. Po e (2021) he main objec i es o his s udy a e o s udy he pe iod and a ea dis ibu ion o
i iga ion in Yadgi dis ic and o in es iga e i s impac on ag icul u al de elopmen and o ind ou he a eas o
wa e logging in i iga ion acili ies and i s causes. Seconda y da a om he pe iod 2009-10 o 2018-19 has been used
o his s udy. The s udy e ealed ha al hough he o al i iga ed a ea o he dis ic has inc eased, he a ea unde canal
i iga ion has dec eased om 87.25 pe cen in 2009-10 o 80.46 pe cen in 2018-19. The p opo ion o well i iga ion
and ubewell i iga ion has inc eased. The o al i iga ion in ensi y o he dis ic was 15.54 pe cen in 2009-10, which
inc eased o 18.54 pe cen in 2018-19, showing an inc ease o 27.58 pe cen . The e o e, i has been sugges ed ha
e ec i e use o a ious i iga ion sou ces and g oundwa e conse a ion a e necessa y o imp o e ag icul u al
p oduc i i y.
D . Bala S ini as (2022) has conduc ed a s udy on he impac o i iga ion sys em on ag icul u al p oduc ion in
Telangana s a e, especially in he con ex o ice c op. Fo his esea ch, he has collec ed in o ma ion om p ima y
sou ces. Two dis ic s, Ka imnaga , which is ad anced in he ield o ag icul u e, and Mahbubnaga , which is
backwa d, ha e been selec ed o he s udy. The p oduc i i y o ice c op in i iga ed a eas is highe han in uni iga ed
a eas. A ailabili y o i iga ion inc eases p oduc ion and imp o es he income, employmen and s anda d o li ing o
a me s. The s udy also showed ha i iga ion inc eases he end owa ds cash c ops, hus imp o ing he socio-
economic condi ion o he ag icul u al sec o .
Objec i e
1. To unde s and he i iga ion si ua ion in Sa a a dis ic .
2. To s udy he impac o i iga ion on he p oduc i i y o majo c ops.
S udy A ea
Sa a a dis ic is si ua ed in he wes e n pa o he Deccan Pla eau. The dis ic is bounded by Pune o he no h,
Solapu o he eas , Sangli o he sou h, Ra nagi i o he wes and Raigad o he no hwes . The o al geog aphical a ea
o Sa a a dis ic is 1121.96 sq. km. which is 3.40% o he s a e o Maha ash a. The dis ic is sp ead be ween 17.5 o
18.11 No h la i ude and 73.33 o 74.54 Eas longi ude. The e a e a o al o 11 ehsils in he dis ic . Acco ding o he
2011 census, he e a e 1719 illages in he dis ic .
Resea ch Me hodology
This s udy has s udied seconda y sou ces and conside ed he pe iod o 2019-20. The in o ma ion collec ed using
esea ch a icles, dis ic social and economic su eys has been p esen ed in he o m o ables and g aphs o s udy he
impac o i iga ion on ag icul u al p oduc i i y in Sa a a dis ic .
Resul s & Discussion
The de elopmen o ag icul u e in Sa a a dis ic depends on i iga ion. Due o i egula ain all and
geog aphical condi ions, he e is a huge di e ence in i iga ion in he dis ic om aluka o aluka. Since he eas e n
alukas o Man and Kha a a e d ough p one, i iga ion is o g ea e impo ance he e. To s udy he i iga ion s a us o
he dis ic , he i iga ed a ea (%) has been de e mined by compa ing he o al cul i a ed a ea and he ne a ea unde
i iga ion in alukas, which clea ly shows he i iga ion s a us. The dis ibu ion o his s udy is gi en in Table 1.
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Table 1: Taluka-wise I iga ion S a us in Sa a a Dis ic (2019-20)
S .No.
Taluka
Ne Sown A ea
(ha)
Ne I iga ed
(ha)
%
I iga ed
A ea
1
Mahabaleshwa
14554
3186
1.85
2
Wai
34539
7899
4.59
3
Khandala
38476
9330
5.42
4
Phal an
49624
29309
17.03
5
Man
95322
21866
12.70
6
Kha a
98906
14502
8.42
7
Ko egaon
81553
14481
8.41
8
Sa a a
86279
26677
15.50
9
Jawali
27264
2759
1.60
10
Pa an
65098
9322
5.41
11
Ka ad
103450
32725
19.01
To al
695065
172056
100
Sou ce: The Socio- Economic Abs ac o Sa a a Dis ic 2019-20
Table 1 p esen s he aluka-wise i iga ion s a us o Sa a a dis ic o he yea 2019-20. The o al ne sown a ea
o Sa a a dis ic is 695065 hec a es, ou o which he ne a ea unde i iga ion is 172056 hec a es. The pe cen age o
i iga ed a ea a ies in all alukas. Ka ad (19.01%), Phal an (17.03%), Sa a a (15.50%) a e he mos i iga ed alukas,
while Maan (12.70%), Kha a (8.42%) and Ko egaon (8.41%) a e he alukas wi h mode a e i iga ion. On he o he
hand, he i iga ion co e age is e y low in Khandala (5.42%), Pa an (5.41%), Wai (4.59%), Mahabaleshwa (1.855),
Jawali (1.60%). This shows ha i iga ion acili ies a e concen a ed in a ew alukas. While he emaining alukas a e
mainly dependen on ain.
Table 2: P oduc i i y o Majo C ops in Sa a a Dis ic (2019-20)
S .No.
C ops
A ea (h)
P oduc ion
In Tonnes
P oduc i i y
In Kg/ha
1
Rice
420.10
616.93
1469
2
Whea
377.55
769.49
2038.13
3
Jowa
1338.64
1070.01
1468.5
4
Baja a
840.10
88546.54
105
5
Suga cane
639.30
494.74
316.29
To al
3615.69
91444.71
5396.92
Sou ce: The Socio- Economic Abs ac o Sa a a Dis ic 2019-20
Table 2 shows ha in 2019-20, majo c ops we e cul i a ed on a o al a ea o 3615.69 hec a es in Sa a a
dis ic , yielding 91444.71 onnes. Rice a ea was 420.10 hec a es, p oduc ion was 616.93 onnes and p oduc i i y was
1469 kg pe hec a e. Whea a ea was 377.55 hec a es, p oduc ion was 769.49 onnes and p oduc i i y was 2038.13 kg
pe hec a e. Jowa a ea was 1338.64 hec a es, p oduc ion was 1070.01 onnes and p oduc i i y was 1468.5 kg pe
hec a e, while mille a ea was 840.10 hec a es, p oduc ion was 88546.54 onnes and p oduc i i y was 105 kg pe
hec a e. The suga cane a ea is 639.30 hec a es, p oduc ion is 494.74 ons, and p oduc i i y is eco ded a 316.29 kg pe
hec a e. The abo e s udy shows ha due o he a ailabili y o i iga ion, he p oduc i i y o c ops like ice and whea is
high. Howe e , he p oduc i i y o c ops like jowa and baj a, which a e dependen on ain ed c ops, is low despi e
co e ing a la ge a ea. Howe e , he p oduc ion o suga cane is he highes and i eme ges as he main cash c op o he
dis ic .
Conclusion:
The esea ch has s udied he i iga ion s a us o Sa a a dis ic and i s impac on ag icul u al p oduc i i y based
on seconda y da a o he pe iod 2019-20. In his s udy, when he aluka-wise da a was s udied, i was ound ha ou o
he o al cul i a ed a ea o 695065 hec a es, only 172056 hec a es is i iga ed. This shows ha he e is a huge di e ence
in he aluka-wise i iga ion a ea in Sa a a dis ic . Ka ad Phal an and Sa a a alukas ha e mo e i iga ion a ea due o
i iga ion acili ies such as canals, wells and li i iga ion schemes, while hilly and ain-dependen alukas like
Mahabaleshwa and Jawali ha e e y low i iga ion due o limi ed acili ies. P oduc i i y is high in i iga ed alukas,
while p oduc ion emains low in ain-dependen alukas. When he c op-wise a ea, p oduc ion and p oduc i i y we e
s udied, i was ound ha he p oduc ion and p oduc i i y o suga cane and whea c ops we e he highes . The a ea o
suga cane is only 840.10 hec a es, which is ela i ely low, bu i s p oduc ion is 88546.54 ons. The p oduc i i y o
whea is sa is ac o y due o he a ailabili y o i iga ion and i has been eco ded as 2038.13 kg pe hec a e. On he
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con a y, ain- ed c ops like jowa and mille , al hough hey a e g own in la ge a eas, a e low in p oduc ion and
p oduc i i y. On he o he hand, he p oduc ion and p oduc i i y o ice is mode a e and i bene i s om i iga ion o
some ex en . F om his analysis, i is clea ha he a ailabili y o i iga ion inc eases he p oduc ion o comme cial
c ops and s eng hens he ag icul u al economy. The s udy shows ha i iga ion is an impo an ac o in inc easing he
p oduc i i y o ag icul u e and c ops in Sa a a dis ic . In a eas whe e i iga ion is a ailable, comme cial c ops ha e
expanded. In d ough -a ec ed a eas, howe e , p oduc ion emains uns able due o ain- ed ag icul u e. The e o e,
p io i y should be gi en o ini ia i es such as wa e conse a ion, wa e s o age and small i iga ion p ojec s o inc ease
i iga ion acili ies in he eas e n and hilly a eas.
Re e ences
1. D . P o . D. K. Banduke and P o . S. P. Mane (2019) “Ag icul u al p oduc i i y o ice c op in Sa a a dis ic : A
geog aphical s udy”, ‘Resea ch Jou ney’, In e na ional E- Resea ch Jou nal, ISSN: 2348-7143
2. P iyanga Dunusinghe (2021) “Impac o I iga ion on Ag icul u e P oduc i i y: E idence om S i Lanka”, SSRG
In e na ional Jou nal o Ag icul u e and En i onmen al Science, ISSN: 2394-2568, Volume 8, Issue 3
3. M. H. Shahapu , D . R. T. Po e (2021) “Impac o I iga ion on Ag icul u al De elopmen in Yadgi Dis ic o
Ka na aka S a e”, In e na ional Jou nal o C ea i e Resea ch Though s (IJCRT), ISSN: 2320-2882, Volume 9
4. D . Bala S ini as (2022) “I iga ion Sys em Can Change he P oduc ion in Ag icul u e (Wi h Special Re e ence o
he Paddy C op A Nalgonda Dis ic O Telangana S a e)”, In e na ional Jou nal O Scien i ic Resea ch, Volume-
11, Issue-8, ISSN No. 2277-8179, DOI: 10.36106/IJSR
5. Socio Economic Re iew o Sangli Dis ic
