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EXISTENTIAL-HUMANISTIC APPROACHES TO GROUP WORK
Tu emu a o a Aziza Begibae na
Assis an , Depa men o Pedagogy and Psychology,
Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y named a e Be dakh, Republic o Ka akalpaks an.
[email p o ec ed]
Gulimbe o A abek Qu limu a uli
S uden o Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y.
U ambe o Azama Gay a dino ich
S uden o Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y.
Sey imo Rina Uzakbae ich
S uden o Ka akalpak S a e Uni e si y.
h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17692055
Abs ac . This s udy p o ides in o ma ion on he de elopmen o human wo ld iew,
spi i ual g ow h, and assessmen o psychological s a es in a g oup based on exis en ial-
humanis ic app oaches. Analy ical esul s o psychological esea ch, which a e impo an in
imp o ing s uden s' coope a ion skills in g oup wo k, a e discussed. Also, ins uc ions a e gi en
on he use o mode n me hods in he use o ainings ha help imp o e a pe son's men al s a e in
psychological app oaches.
Keywo ds: Exis en ial-humanis ic app oaches, psychological esea ch, wo ld iew,
collabo a i e skills, spi i uali y, psychological aining.
GURUH ISHIDA EKZISTENSIAL-GUMANISTIK YONDASHUVLAR
Anno a siya. Ushbu adqiqo da ekzis ensial-gumanis ik yondashu la ga asoslangan holda
gu uhda shaxsning dunyoqa ashini oshi ish, ma’na iy yuksalishi a psixologik hola la ini
baholash haqida ma’lumo la kel i ib o’ ilgan. Gu uh ishida alabala ning kollobo a i
ko’nikmala ini oshi ishda muhim ahamiya ga ega bo’lgan psixologik adqiqo la ning ahliliy
na ijala i muhokama qilinadi. Shuningdek, psixologik yondashu la da shaxsning uhiy ah olini
yaxshilashga yo dam be u chi eningla dan oydalanishda zamona iy me odla dan oydalanish
bo’yicha ko’ sa mala be ib o’ iladi.
Kali so’zla : Ekzis ensial-gumanis ik yondashu la , psixologik adqiqo la , dunyoqa ash,
kollobo a i ko’nikmala , ma’na iya , psixologik eningla .
In oduc ion
The exis en ial-humanis ic app oach is in e p e ed as a complex psychological concep
ocused on he inne wo ld o a pe son, pe sonal expe ience, li e meaning, and he abili y o a
pe son o ealize himsel in g oup wo k. The basis o his app oach is he philosophical iew ha a
pe son is he subjec o his own exis ence, and he li e pa h o each pe son depends on his choice
and esponsibili y. Exis en ial and humanis ic psychology di ec ions u n he g oup p ocess in o a
unique space o he sel -disco e y o he indi idual, since in hese app oaches, no he p oblems
o a pe son a e he main hing, bu his po en ial o g ow h, de elopmen , and inding his own
meaning. In he g oup p ocess, pa icipan s compa e hei expe iences wi h he expe iences o
o he s, unde s and hei emo ional expe iences, and ha e he oppo uni y o deeply analyze
hemsel es h ough in e pe sonal communica ion.
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Acco ding o he exis en ial app oach, each pe son has a unique, special place in li e, and
by unde s anding his place, he indi idual eels he need o esponsibly manage his li e. The
impo ance o such an app oach in g oup wo k is ha g oup membe s begin o e eal hei ue
eelings in he p ocess o egula communica ion, and his p ocess inc eases hei le el o sel -
awa eness. Since e communica ion, open emo ional exp ession, uncondi ional accep ance and
empa he ic lis ening make he g oup en i onmen a sa e, wa m and psychologically s able place.
In such an en i onmen , a pe son has he oppo uni y o unde s and his hidden ea s,
in e nal con lic s, lack o pu pose in li e o di icul ies in inding meaning. Each pe son in he
g oup unde s ands how he a ec s o he s by seeing how he a ec s he ac ions and eelings o
o he s. This p ocess is an impo an ac o in pe sonal g ow h. In he exis en ial-humanis ic
app oach, he p inciple o “he e and now” is impo an , because li ing wi h he eelings o he
p esen momen , he p ocess o eal communica ion, and he cu en si ua ion u he deepens he
p ocess o human unde s anding. Such an app oach ensu es ha he na ional idea becomes no
only a heo e ical, bu also a p ac ical educa ional o ce. In mode n socie y, he de elopmen o he
human pe sonali y, i s s i ing o spi i ual pe ec ion, and ensu ing social ac i i y a e ecognized
as one o he mos impo an di ec ions o psychology and pedagogical sciences. The ideas o in-
dep h s udy o he pe sonali y, unde s anding i s inne wo ld, and inding he meaning o li e a e
especially exp essed in exis en ial and humanis ic app oaches. These a eas emphasize he
awa eness o a pe son’s iden i y, a sense o esponsibili y, s i ing o a goal, and since e
communica ion wi h o he s as he main alues. Today, psychological ainings, g oup classes, and
pe sonal de elopmen p og ams help people unde s and he meaning o hei li es, eel hei
spi i ual esponsibili y, and o m social and spi i ual s abili y. The e o e, exis en ial-humanis ic
app oaches se e as an impo an me hodological basis no only in indi idual he apy, bu also in
g oup wo k. This s udy analyzes he heo e ical ounda ions o exis en ial-humanis ic app oaches
in g oup wo k, hei ole and signi icance in he o ma ion o mo al esponsibili y in aining.
G oup wo k is a p ocess o communica ion, exchange o expe iences and sel -awa eness o
se e al indi iduals wi hin he amewo k o a pu pose ul ac i i y. G oup aining in psychology is
ca ied ou in he o m o aining, discussion, psychod ama, consul ing. In a g oup, a pe son sees
himsel h ough o he s, unde s ands his eelings and de elops in e pe sonal communica ion skills.
In an exis en ial-humanis ic app oach, a g oup is an oppo uni y o a pe son o eely exp ess his
hough s, sha e li e expe iences, unde s and in e nal p oblems and sol e hem. In he g oup
p ocess, an indi idual gains a deepe unde s anding o hei "We", lea ns o empa hize wi h he
expe iences o o he s, and he eby de elops a sense o spi i ual esponsibili y. F om a
pedagogical poin o iew, eamwo k plays an impo an ole in he socializa ion o he indi idual,
in he o ma ion o collec i e decision-making, coope a ion, comp omise and ole ance skills. In
g oup classes, he eache o ins uc o is no a supe iso , bu a guide, an assis an . This c ea es a
a o able psychological en i onmen o pe sonal g ow h. Spi i ual esponsibili y is he abili y o
a pe son o make he igh decisions based on his belie s, alues and conscience, o eel
esponsible o his ac ions. This concep is impo an no only as a eligious o mo al, bu also as a
psychological ca ego y. In he exis en ial app oach, spi i ual esponsibili y is in e p e ed as a
na u al consequence o human eedom. Acco ding o F ankl, a pe son is ee, bu his eedom is
no unlimi ed - i comes wi h esponsibili y.
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A pe son makes a choice o ind he meaning o his li e and is esponsible o his choice.
The exis en ial-humanis ic app oach is a mode n psychological concep aimed a
unde s anding he ole, pu pose and esponsibili y o a pe son in li e. In g oup wo k, hese
app oaches se e o o m pe sonal g ow h, inne ha mony and spi i ual ma u i y. In he p ocess o
aining, a pe son eels esponsible o his li e, lea ns o unde s and o he s and is o med as an
ac i e, conscious pe son in socie y. The e o e, g oup aining o ganized on he basis o exis en ial-
humanis ic app oaches is one o he e ec i e ways o a pe son o unde s and himsel , de elop
spi i ual esponsibili y, and main ain balance in social li e.
We belie e ha i is app op ia e o use collabo a i e eaching me hods in c ea ing a new
sys em based on mul i- ec o app oaches in educa ion. We will u he inc ease he e ec i eness
o educa ion by o ming s uden s' wo ld iews, imp o ing hei skills in wo king oge he , and
consolida ing hei knowledge h ough psychological aining. Th ough his s udy, we examined
he mos e ec i e me hod o g oup and collec i e lea ning. We pu o wa d he idea ha his
inc eases he abili y o s uden s o emembe he knowledge hey ha e ecei ed, helps hem hink
eely, eason, and make decisions. Du ing his s udy, we conduc ed in e iews wi h s uden s
h ough psychological aining and lis ened o he opinions o s uden s. Psychological esea ch in
educa ion p o ides a b ie heo e ical o e iew o esea ch on ac i e and collabo a i e lea ning.
De ini ions o hese lea ning o ms a e gi en. The main cha ac e is ics o ac i e and
collabo a i e lea ning o ms a e lis ed. The ypes o lea ning ac i i ies used in collabo a i e
lea ning a e lis ed: discussion, pee lea ning, p oblem sol ing, collabo a i e w i ing, games.
Possible easons o he e ec i eness o collabo a i e lea ning a e indica ed: socio-
psychological ac o s and he abili y o p o ide a high le el o cogni i e pa icipa ion. Based on
hese s udies, in o ma ion is p o ided on he p ac ical applica ion o esea ch conduc ed on he
basis o mode n pedagogical me hods and he o ganiza ion o psychological aining aimed a
imp o ing s uden s' collabo a i e skills. Despi e he di e si y o psychological exe cises used in
psychological aining sessions, eaching echniques o eache s, and me hods used by
psychologis s in o ganizing pedagogical me hods, se e al main me hodological p oblems can be
iden i ied in psychological aining me hods. Mos o hem, coope a i e lea ning (i.e., s uden s in a
g oup collabo a i e lea ning p ocess) adi ionally includes g oup discussions and si ua ional ole-
playing nego ia ions. In addi ion, esea che s - heo is s and p ac icing psychologis s who sol e
me hodological p oblems o psychological aining, p opose o include psychophysiological sel -
egula ion me hods h ough he aining o in e pe sonal sensi i i y, including aining aimed a
inc easing he sensi i i y o s uden s' pe cep ion in collabo a i e lea ning in a collec i e way.
Educa ional psychologis s a e also ad ised o use medi a i e me hods and mo i a ional ( o
eaching sel -hypnosis) me hods in psychological aining. In his app oach, he ole o he g oup
leade is also in e p e ed di e en ly. He should no be an au ho i a ian o commanding pe son, bu
a since e, empa he ic and psychologically s able pe son who helps g oup membe s unde s and
hei inne expe iences. The leade con ols he g oup p ocess, bu does no o ce i ; he guides, bu
does no judge; he deepens communica ion, bu does no in e e e wi h he inne expe iences o
he pa icipan s. His main ask is o s eng hen mu ual us in he g oup, allow pa icipan s o eel
ee and encou age hem o unde s and hei esponsibili y in hei li es.
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The ha mony o he leade , ha is, he ha mony o his in e nal and ex e nal s a e, is one o
he powe ul ac o s ha mo i a e g oup membe s o since i y.The g oup p ocess discusses
exis en ial hemes such as dea h, loneliness, ee choice, esponsibili y, and meaninglessness.
Th ough discussing hese hemes, pa icipan s eexamine hei li e posi ions, gain a deepe
unde s anding o hemsel es, and mo e clea ly de ine hei goals by e lec ing on li e's limi a ions.
Exis en ial-humanis ic g oups c ea e a p oduc i e en i onmen o he indi idual o
disco e himsel , ind his po en ial, eel esponsible o his des iny, and s i e o he meaning o
li e.
Conclusion
In conclusion, he g oup p ocess can be a powe ul ca alys o pe sonal g ow h because i
allows a pe son o see hei inne wo ld h ough he expe iences o o he s. Pe sonal achie emen ,
inne analysis, emo ional elie , sel -accep ance, and sel -es eem a e among he na u al esul s o
he g oup expe ience. The con ibu ion o he exis en ial-humanis ic app oach o g oup wo k is
ha i accep s a pe son as a complex being, allowing him o see his men al, social, spi i ual, and
emo ional aspec s as a whole. The mu ual expe ience and exchange o ideas o g oup membe s
so ens he inne con adic ions o he indi idual, e eals his spi i ual po en ial, and s eng hens
his li e goals.
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