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AIKG-SD 2025 Summe School co-loca ed wi h he NFDI4DS Con e ence 2025
No embe 25-26, 2025, Be lin, Ge many
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On ology D i en T ans o ma ion o Camunda BPMN Ins ances in o RDF Knowledge
G aphs
Flo ian Hahn and Sa a Todo o ikj
Chemni z Uni e si y o Technology
Abs ac
The inc easing numbe o Open Go e nmen Da a ini ia i es necessi a es he implemen a ion
o anspa en , in e ope able, and au oma able publica ion wo k lows. Business P ocess
Model and No a ion (BPMN) p o ides a s anda dized no a ion o modeling such wo k lows,
while Resou ce Desc ip ion F amewo k (RDF) ep esen a ions enhance seman ic
in e ope abili y and in eg a ion wi h Linked Da a ecosys ems. This esea ch is si ua ed wi hin
a b oade p ojec on bes p ac ices o Open Go e nmen Da ase publishing ha a e
suppo ed by BPMN, whe ein each da ase publica ion is associa ed wi h a BPMN ins ance
execu ed in Camunda. This in eg a ion enables he documen a ion and au oma ion o
me ada a, p o enance, and alida ion s eps, he eby os e ing us and ep oducibili y wi hin
he publica ion pipeline.
The cen al esea ch ques ion is: Can an on ology d i en ans o ma ion o BPMN 2.0
p ocesses execu ed in Camunda ia REST API in o RDF using he BPMN Based On ology
achie e seman ic comple eness and compa able que y pe o mance ela i e o Camunda’s
na i e API? We hypo hesize ha a wo k low which ex ac s he BPMN 2.0 model s uc u e
h ough Camunda REST API and con e s i in o RDF classes and ela ionships acco ding o
BBO p oduces a seman ically comple e, lossless ep esen a ion. Unde his hypo hesis, in
u u e, SPARQL que ies on he esul ing g aph will ep oduce a leas 80 % o na i e que y
unc ionali y and in oduce no mo e han 20 % pe o mance o e head.
The me hodology comp ises:
1. Model Ex ac ion: Use Camunda REST API o e ie e BPMN 2.0 de ini ions and un ime
ins ance da a.
2. On ology D i en T ans o ma ion: Apply he BPMN Based On ology (BBO) o map BPMN
elemen s ( asks, ga eways, e en s, pools, lanes, da a objec s) in o RDF/OWL classes and
p ope ies. Implemen ans o ma ions ia XSLT, supplemen ed by RDFLib o g aph
cons uc ion and ine uning.
3. Seman ic Comple eness E alua ion: Compa e en i ies and ela ions encoded in he RDF
g aph agains he na i e Camunda da a model. Employ me ics such as ecall and p ecision
aiming o ≥95 % alignmen , ensu ing ha SPARQL que ies yield equi alen in o ma ional
co e age o na i e API que ies.
4. Pe o mance Analysis: Design ep esen a i e SPARQL que ies and benchma k hem
agains equi alen na i e Camunda que ies in e ms o execu ion ime and esou ce
consump ion, a ge ing a mos 20 % o e head.
5. Case S udy: Open Go e nmen Da ase Publica ion: Model a conc e e BPMN p ocess o
da ase publica ion (including me ada a alida ion, license e i ica ion, e sioning, and po al
deploymen ), implemen i in Camunda, and concu en ly gene a e an RDF g aph cap u ing
p ocess execu ion, me ada a, and p o enance acco ding o PROV-O.
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AIKG-SD 2025 Summe School co-loca ed wi h he NFDI4DS Con e ence 2025
No embe 25-26, 2025, Be lin, Ge many
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The expec ed ou comes include demons a ing ha BPMN d i en wo k lows, which will be
a ailable on Gi Hub la e on, can be ans o med losslessly in o RDF knowledge g aphs. This
will enable hem o be in eg a ed in o Linked Da a in as uc u es o enhanced analysis.
Fu u e wo k en isions in eg a ion in o la ge scale Open Go e nmen Da a pla o ms,
ex ension o ack BPMN model e sioning and his o ical que ies in RDF, applica ion o
seman ic alida ion ia SHACL on bo h da a and p ocess g aphs, au oma ed p ocess
op imiza ion h ough pa e n de ec ion in he knowledge g aph, and gene aliza ion o o he
domains. This pos e p esen s a p o o ype implemen a ion and ini ial e alua ion esul s as a
ounda ional componen o a doc o al esea ch agenda connec ing p ocess managemen and
Open Da a publica ion p ac ices.
Re e ences
1. A. Annane, N. Aussenac-Gilles, and M. Kamel, “BBO: BPMN 2.0 Based On ology o
Business P ocess Rep esen a ion”, in 20 h Eu opean Con e ence on Knowledge
Managemen (ECKM 2019), Lisbon, Po ugal, Sep embe 5–6, 2019. [Online].
A ailable: h ps://hal.science/hal-02365012 1/documen [Accessed: June 10, 2025].
2. Judie A a d, Fab izio O landi, Simon Sce i, and Sö en Aue , “A sys ema ic e iew o
open go e nmen da a ini ia i es,” Go e nmen In o ma ion Qua e ly, ol. 32, no. 4,
pp. 399–418, Augus 2015. [Online]. A ailable:
h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.giq.2015.07.006 [Accessed: June 10, 2025].
3. Camunda Se ices GmbH, “REST API Re e ence,” Camunda Documen a ion. [Online].
A ailable: h ps://docs.camunda.o g/manual/la es / e e ence/ es / [Accessed: June 10,
2025].
4. Michael Schmid , Michael Meie , and Geo g Lausen, “Founda ions o SPARQL Que y
Op imiza ion,” in 13 h In e na ional Con e ence on Da abase Theo y (ICDT) , Ma ch
22, 2010. [Online]. A ailable: h ps://a xi .o g/abs/0812.3788 [Accessed: June 10,
2025].
5. RDFLib con ibu o s, “RDFLib Documen a ion,” Read he Docs. [Online]. A ailable:
h ps:// d lib. ead hedocs.io/ [Accessed: June 10, 2025].
6. W3C, “PROV-O:ThePROVOn ology,” W3CRecommenda ion. [Online]. A ailable:
h ps://www.w3.o g/TR/p o -o/ [Accessed: June 10, 2025].
7. W3C, “Shapes Cons ain Language (SHACL),” W3C Recommenda ion, Oc obe 8, 2015.
[Online]. A ailable: h ps://www.w3.o g/TR/shacl/ [Accessed: June 10, 2025].
8. MDNWebDocs, “XSLT–Ex ensibleS yleshee LanguageT ans o ma ions,”[Online].
A ailable: h ps://de elope .mozilla.o g/de/docs/Web/XML/XSLT [Accessed:
June10,2025].
9. RDFlib De elope s, “RDFlib Documen a ion,” [Online]. A ailable:
h ps:// d lib. ead hedocs.io/en/s able/ [Accessed: June 10, 2025].
10. Bundes e wal ungsam , “A ibu e Ca alog P ozessmanagemen Toolki (PMT),”
[Online].A ailable:
h ps://www.b a.bund.de/Sha edDocs/Downloads/DE/Behoe den/Be a ung/P ozessma
nagemen /PMT/A ibu ka alog_PMT.pd ?__blob=publica ionFile& =2 .[Accessed:
June 10, 2025].
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AIKG-SD 2025 Summe School co-loca ed wi h he NFDI4DS Con e ence 2025
No embe 25-26, 2025, Be lin, Ge many
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11. Camunda, “Wo king wi h APIs and Tools,” [Online]. A ailable:
h ps://docs.camunda.io/docs/apis- ools/wo king-wi h-apis- ools/ [Accessed: June 10,
2025].
12. Dama is Naomi Dolha, Robe And ei Buchmann, “Expe imen s wi h na u al language
que ies on RDF s. XML-se ialized BPMN diag ams,” P ocedia Compu e Science,
ol. 202, pp. 3246–3255, 2024. [Online]. A ailable:
h ps://www.sciencedi ec .com/science/a icle/pii/S187705092402338X [Accessed:
June 10, 2025].
