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PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
DEVELOPING LISTENING SKILLS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN
ENGLISH LESSONS
Aba o A albay Kua bay ulı
Nukus s a e pedagogical ins i u e named a e Ajiniyaz
DOI: h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17704643
Summa y: The a icle p esen s psychological and pedagogical cha ac e is ics o de eloping
lis ening skills in p ima y school s uden s in english lessons.
Key wo ds: educa ion, in ellec ual g ow h, psychological de elopmen , ocabula y, isual aids,
mo i a ion.
The de elopmen o science and echnology in he 21s cen u y demands ha young
people be well- ounded, accomplished, and inquisi i e. The asks de ined in he «Ac ion
S a egy o he Fu he De elopmen o he Republic o Uzbekis an,» such as educa ing
independen ly hinking you h wi h a pe sonal pe spec i e and loyal y o he Mo he land,
deepening democ a ic e o ms, and inc easing he social ac i i y o young people in he
p ocess o de eloping ci il socie y, a e o be de eloped among schoolchild en, especially
om elemen a y school age. This is he p ima y ask o oday. Acco ding o Al-Fa abi,
educa ion is undamen ally aimed a shaping a pe son’s habi s and mo al quali ies [1].
Eas e n hinke s also paid g ea a en ion o he issues o educa ion and upb inging and
we e dis inguished by hei p o ound hough s and wo ks in his ield. Thei ideas also
se e as a ounda ion o mode n educa ion.
Educa ion and upb inging oge he con ibu e o he ull de elopmen o a pe son.
While educa ion ensu es he in ellec ual g ow h o he indi idual, upb inging is aimed a
he de elopmen o cha ac e . The e o e, hese wo concep s a e complemen a y
p ocesses and a e conside ed key ac o s in acqui ing knowledge, mas e ing social and
educa ional no ms, and inding one's place in socie y as an indi idual. Conside ing he
abo e poin s, we mus also conside he psychological and pedagogical aspec s o
de eloping lis ening comp ehension skills in p ima y school s uden s in English lessons.
The psychological cha ac e is ics o de eloping lis ening comp ehension skills in
English lessons depend on he psychological de elopmen o p ima y school s uden s, he
o ma ion o new knowledge and skills, and hei indi idual abili ies. I is known ha
lis ening comp ehension, which is he ype and skill o speech ac i i y, is he goal and
means o educa ion [2]. The ollowing ac o s a e c ucial o de eloping lis ening
comp ehension skills du ing English lessons in elemen a y school:
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Focusing: P ima y school s uden s' abili y o concen a e is s ill de eloping.They
may s uggle o ocus on a speci ic lea ning ma e ial o ex book o a long ime. This
c ea es di icul ies o s uden s in he p ocess o lis ening comp ehension. The e o e,
lis ening ma e ials in English lessons should be concise, engaging, and engaging o
s uden s.
Memo iza ion: The abili y o memo ize in o ma ion ecei ed h ough lis ening
plays a c ucial ole in de eloping lis ening comp ehension skills. Because child en's
memo y skills a e no ully de eloped, hey may encoun e di icul ies in assimila ing a
la ge amoun o in o ma ion simul aneously. The e o e, eache s should p o ide concise
and clea guidelines o lis ening comp ehension exe cises h oughou he lesson.
Language De elopmen : S uden s may no ha e ully mas e ed hei na i e
language in elemen a y school, which complica es hei English acquisi ion p ocess.
The e o e, lis ening comp ehension ma e ials should be simple, clea , and app op ia e o
s uden s' daily ocabula y.
Suppo ing: Mos elemen a y school s uden s a e in e es ed in lea ning a o eign
language, bu hei in e es can quickly disappea . The eache should use in e ac i e
me hods o main ain child en's in e es . Fo example, games, songs, o sho ideos.
Emo ional condi ion: S uden s' emo ional condi ion plays a signi ican ole in
de eloping hei lis ening comp ehension skills. I a s uden eels uncom o able o is
unde in ense s ess, i can nega i ely impac hei abili y o lis en and unde s and English
language ma e ial. The eache mus s i e o c ea e a suppo i e en i onmen o s uden s
h oughou he lesson. Taking hese ac o s in o accoun , in he p ocess o de eloping
lis ening comp ehension skills in English lessons in p ima y g ades, eache s should
choose me hods ha a e app op ia e o he psychological de elopmen o child en. Using
hese poin s, we will de e mine he le el o in e es in English language lessons among
elemen a y school s uden s and need o scien i ically analyze and add ess he exis ing
psychological gaps. When de eloping s uden s' lis ening skills in English, i is also
ad isable o hink logically. Because we need o conside whe he s uden s can o canno
apply he wo ds hey hea in p ac ice when speaking. The p ima y unc ion o language
lea ning is communica ion, which, along wi h exp essing hough , is he p ima y o m o
easoning. As is known, speaking and lis ening a e wo closely in e connec ed
componen s o o al communica ion. O al con e sa ion is a o m o communica ion
h ough which communica ion occu s alongside lis ening comp ehension. The e o e,
lea ning lis ening comp ehension and speaking skills in English lessons in elemen a y
school is conside ed he main indica o o language acquisi ion.
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Fac o s such as cogni i e abili y, mo i a ion, and social in e ac ions play a
signi ican ole in his p ocess. Since elemen a y school s uden s a e in he ea ly s ages o
cogni i e de elopmen , hey mas e new in o ma ion well by comple ing clea and simple
asks. A his s age, s uden s quickly abso b in o ma ion h ough lis ening, which is
c ucial o impa ing new knowledge h ough lis ening comp ehension. E ec i e lea ning
by lis ening o new sounds o wo ds in English con ibu es o he de elopmen o English
speaking skills. To suppo cogni i e de elopmen , eache s should ocus on simple,
engaging lis ening skills, such as songs, s o ies, and epe i ion-based ac i i ies. To
enhance s uden s' unde s anding, i is bene icial o comple e asks combined wi h isual
aids [3].
One o he psychological ac o s in lea ning English is mo i a ion, which plays a
key ole in s uden s' pe cep ion and unde s anding o in o ma ion. I asks, engaging
in e ac ions, and g oup wo k a e included, s uden s will be mo e engaged. I he lea ning
p ocess is ee om suppo i e and psychological p essu e, s uden s can engage in
con e sa ional (speech) ac i i ies wi hou ea o making mis akes. “Success in language
lea ning depends on many ac o s, pa icula ly mo i a ion. Mo i a ion is he d i ing o ce
ha encou ages a lea ne o s i e o achie e hei goals”[4]. The e o e, mo i a ion
( ewa ding) helps s uden s o e come psychological p essu e du ing he lesson, ensu es
ac i e pa icipa ion in he lesson, and makes he lea ning p ocess mo e e ec i e. The
impo ance o mo i a ion can be classi ied as ollows.
1.To inc ease s uden in e es in he lesson, de elop he use o poems and s o ies as
he main pa o he lesson.
2. To os e a posi i e a i ude owa ds lea ning a o eign language in s uden s by
comple ing ewa ding asks. Fo example, small gi s o game-based asks s imula e
child en's in e es in he lesson.
3. Inc easing sel -con idence s eng hens s uden s' con idence in hei abili y o
pe o m lis ening comp ehension exe cises. Rewa ding and g ading s uden s helps hem
con inue he lesson wi hou ea o mis akes. Taking he abo e in o accoun , mo i a ion
in s uden s can be de eloped as ollows.
Using in e es ing ma e ials, selec s o ies and simple dialogues ha a e app op ia e
o he s uden s' age.
G adual ansi ion om simple and easy- o-unde s and ma e ials o complex
exe cises.
By e alua ing he esul s o lis ening comp ehension, u he inc ease s uden s'
in e es in comple ing he exe cises.
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The use o in e ac i e me hods de elops s uden s' skills in wo king in g oups. Fo
example, using games like «who answe s quickly» o « ind he answe by lis ening»
du ing he lesson.
In conclusion, he ole o mo i a ion in lis ening comp ehension exe cises in English
lessons is e y signi ican . P ope ly o med mo i a ion helps s uden s de elop lis ening
comp ehension skills and enjoy he language lea ning p ocess. Encou aging and engaging
ac i i ies inc ease mo i a ion and s eng hen s uden s' sel -con idence in he language
lea ning p ocess.
Re e ences:
1. Al-Fa abi. The Vi uous Ci y; T ea ise on he Meanings o he In ellec .
2. Qoʻyliye a, S. R. (2023). Psycholinguis ic basis o lis ening skills. Eu opean In e na ional Jou nal o
Mul idisciplina y Resea ch and Managemen S udies, 3(11), 145 150.
3. Ligh bown, P. M., & Spada, N. (2013). How Languages A e Lea ned (4 h ed.). Ox o d Uni e si y P ess.
4. Nabie , She zodbek. (2025, Ma 19). “The Role o Mo i a ion in Language Lea ning: In e nal and
Ex e nal Fac o s.” New Uzbekis an, New Resea ch Jou nal, 2(5).
