In e na ional Jou nal o Li e Science and Ag icul u e Resea ch
ISSN (P in ): 2833-2091, ISSN (Online): 2833-2105
Volume 04 Issue 11 No embe 2025
DOI: h ps://doi.o g/10.55677/ijlsa /V04I11Y2025-10
Impac Fac o : 7.88 , Page No : 701-706
www.ijlsa .o glable a : iA a 6 70| 701 P a g e
New Tobacco Va ie y – “Bahlul 87”, G own in Rapıds o Sheki-Zaga ala
Region o Aze baijan Republic
Na giz M. Abdullae a1, Amina I. Aliye a2 , Gabil A. Kazimo 3
1,2,3 Resea ch Ins i u e o Ag icul u e, Zaga ala Zonal Expe imen al S a ion
AZ 0062, Zaga ala ci y, G. Aliye A e.-63
ABSTRACT
The a icle publishes ag obiological and mo phological cha ac e is ics, he demand o he a ie y
o ex e nal en i onmen al condi ions and ag icul u al echnology, i s esis ance o diseases in
na u al and a i icial backg ound, he pe cen age o disease p e alence and pes damage o he
newly c ea ed obacco a ie y - "Bahlul-87", and also s udied he soil and clima ic condi ions o
g owing he a ie y, seeding a es and iming o plan ing seedlings. The yield indica o s we e
analyzed by a compa a i e me hod. The obacco a ie y "Bahlul-87" was ob ained in he Zaga ala
Zonal Expe imen al S a ion o he Resea ch Ins i u e o Ag icul u e by hyb idiza ion, in d yland
condi ions o he Sheki-Zaga ala egion o he Republic o Aze baijan.
KEYWORDS: obacco, a ie y, ag obiological and mo phological cha ac e is ics, esis ance o
diseases and pes s, quali y, yield
Published Online:
No embe 26, 2025
Co esponding Au ho :
Gabil A. Kazimo
INTRODUCTION
Tobacco plan s g own in as a eas o he wo ld. The demand o a oma ic obacco is inc easing e e y day. I con ains 4-7% p o ein,
14-24% soluble ca bohyd a es, 1-2.5% nico ine and 12-16% ash. The quali y o he ex ac o obacco is de e mined on a 100-poin
scale based on he ollowing indica o s: a oma, as e, smoke densi y and ha dness. A he ime o as ing, Bu ley obacco has an
a oma o 90%, as e o 80%, smoke densi y o 90%, and ha dness o 90% [2; 4]. The Vi ginia a ie y has an a oma o 60%, as e o
70%, smoke densi y o 70% and ha dness o 70%. I has a pleasan as e and a oma. G owing obacco sa is ies a me s and inc eases
hei income due o a high yield [3; 8; 15].
The a e age annual empe a u e is +10.5oC, +12.6oC in he moun ains dec eases o +3oC. Rela i e ai humidi y is ela i ely
high (70-75%) and emains so h oughou he g owing season o cul i a ed c ops, which has a posi i e e ec on hei g ow h and
de elopmen , especially obacco g own in he Sheki-Zaka ala egion o he Republic o Aze baijan. The a e age annual p ecipi a ion
is 600-700 mm, and wi h inc easing e ain abo e sea le el i inc eases o 900 mm [4; 6]. The yield and quali y o obacco aw
ma e ials a e in luenced by soil and clima ic condi ions, ag icul u al echnology used and obacco a ie y [11]. Soils a e meadow-
o es , allu ial-meadow, meadow-ma sh, moun ain-b own, moun ain- o es - b own, moun ain-meadow. These soils a y in
hickness, mechanical composi ion, skele on and e ili y. Soils whe e he humus con en a ies wi hin 3.3% a e he bes o he
p oduc ion o high-quali y skele al obacco [13; 17].
Fo no mal g ow h o obacco plan s, su icien mois u e, nu ien s in he soil, hea , ligh a e necessa y, and a e he plan s
de elop a su icien ly powe ul oo sys em, hei abo e-g ound pa - lea es and s ems - begins o g ow in ensi ely. G owing
obacco is simila o g owing o he c ops. Depending on he ype o obacco, seedlings should be plan ed a a dis ance o 35-1.20
cm om each o he . Immedia ely a e plan ing, seedlings plan ed in he ield a e wa e ed. I necessa y, plan s can be wa e ed 3-6
imes pe season [1; 5; 9].
Tobacco is less demanding o e ilize s, especially ni ogen ones. When using di e en doses o e ilize s (NPK), he
g ea es heigh o g ow h is achie ed agains he backg ound o mine al e ilize s mixed wi h manu e [14; 12; 16].
O e he pas en yea s, he demand o p emium ciga e es has inc eased signi ican ly on he wo ld ma ke . Inc easing he
p oduc ion o p emium ciga e es o he equi ed olumes would equi e eno mous cos s o ob ain sca ce a oma ic aw ma e ials
[7]. Sheki-Zaga ala zone is one o he main obacco p oducing zones in Aze baijan. The a e age obacco yield po en ial is 26-35
Na giz M. A. e al, New Tobacco Va ie y – “Bahlul 87”, G own in Rapıds o Sheki-Zaga ala Region o Aze baijan
Republic
www.ijlsa .o glable a : iA a 670| 702 P a g e
c/ha, he numbe o lea es du ing he in ensi e ipening pe iod is 27-35 cm, he leng h o lea es is 40-55 cm, he mass o aw
ma e ials is 85-90% [2; 10].
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The main objec i e o he conduc ed esea ch is o ensu e a s able, high-quali y obacco ha es and he c ea ion o new a ie ies
ha a e esis an o ex e nal en i onmen al ac o s ha mee he equi emen s o he cu en ma ke . The Sheki-Zaga ala egion o
he Republic o Aze baijan has e y a o able soil and clima ic condi ions o g owing obacco. The esea ch wo k was ca ied ou
a he Zaga ala Zonal Expe imen al S a ion o he Resea ch Ins i u e o Ag icul u e. Du ing he g owing season, phenological
obse a ions we e ca ied ou , ag obiological and mo phological cha ac e is ics, he demand o he a ie y in ex e nal
en i onmen al condi ions and ag icul u al echnology, i s esis ance o diseases in na u al and a i icial backg ounds, he pe cen age
o disease p e alence and pes damage o he newly c ea ed obacco a ie y "Bahlul-87" we e s udied. Soil and clima ic condi ions
o g owing he a ie y, seeding a es and seedling plan ing da es we e also s udied. The yield indica o s we e analyzed
compa a i ely.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The newly c ea ed a ie y "Bahlul-87" is egis e ed unde numbe 6 in he compe i i e selec ion nu se y. The a ie y was c ea ed
in 2022 by hyb idiza ion. The main goal o c ea ing he a ie y is o c ea e high-yielding, high-quali y, disease- and pes - esis an
a ie ies ha a e esis an o en i onmen al s ess ac o s (bio ic and abio ic) o he obacco-g owing egions o he epublic. The
s a da e o selec ion wo k is 2016, pa en al pai s a e "Winne -179" × "Zaga ala-67", he yea s o small s a ion ials a e 2016-2020,
he yea s o compe i i e a ie y ials a e 2019-2022, he yea s o in e -s a ion compe i i e a ie y ials co e ed 2020-2022. The
newly c ea ed a ie y "Bahlul-87", in compa ison wi h he bes egional a ie y "Zaga ala la ge-lea ed", was p esen ed a he S a e
a ie y es ing due o i s excellen quali y, high p oduc i i y, weigh quali ies wi h an a oma ic as e, esis ance o diseases, pes s,
d ough , lodging, and he abili y o de elop well on weak soils was p esen ed. The a ie y is in ended o he p oduc ion o ciga s
and ciga e es. The sui abili y o he a ie y o cul i a ion, mechanical collec ion and p ocessing was s udied. I was ound ha he
esul ing c op is sui able o d ying in he open ai and in i e d ying chambe s. The a ie y should be cul i a ed using adi ional
cul i a ion echnology adop ed o g owing obacco in he epublic. The op imal sowing pe iod is ecommended om Feb ua y 1
o 15 in g eenhouses, and ansplan ing seedlings in o an open ield - om Ap il 20 o May 10. I is no ecommended o g ow he
a ie y in a dense plan ing scheme and apply e ilize s in excess o he no m. Seed p oduc ion can be o ganized in obacco-g owing
egions o he epublic. Labo cos s o g owing he a ie y amoun ed o 2200-2400 mana s pe 1.0 ha. The economic bene i
ob ained om using he new a ie y - po en ial income om 1.0 amoun ed o 5500-6000 mana s. Cul i a ion is ecommended in
egions o he epublic sui able o g owing obacco. The ag obiological cha ac e is ics o Bahlul 87 obacco a ie ies a e gi en in
able 1 below.
Table 1. Ag obiological cha ac e is ics o he a ie y - “Bahlul-87”
№
Indica o s
Uni
New
a ie y - "Bahlul-87
A e age
S anda d - "Zaka ala
la ge lea "
A e age
2020 2020
2021 2021
2022 2022
2020 2020
2021 2021
20222022
1
D y yield o obacco lea es
(humidi y 17%)
c/ha
33.0
32.1
33.2
32.7
31.4
30.3
31.0
30.9
2
Yield o comme cial a ie ies:
I
%
89
86
85
87
85
86
83
84
II
%
11
14
15
13
15
14
17
15
3
Thickness o he middle ein o
d y obacco
mm
0.55
0.56
0.52
0.54
0.58
0.53
0.57
0.53
4
Weigh o ma e ial
dм2, g
1.87
1.99
1.64
1.83
1.72
1.69
1.91
1.77
5
Con en o nico ine in lea es
%
2,1
2,4
2,0
2,2
2,9
3,1
2,7
2,9
6
Numbe o Shmuk
%
0.54
0.55
0.53
0.53
0.52
0.55
0.53
0.53
7
A oma ic ype o aw ma e ial
Skele al ype
8
Assessmen
sco e
92
89
95
92
80
76
7
8
78
9
Ha dness
Na giz M. A. e al, New Tobacco Va ie y – “Bahlul 87”, G own in Rapıds o Sheki-Zaga ala Region o Aze baijan
Republic
www.ijlsa .o glable a : iA a 670| 703 P a g e
10
Yellowing
day
2.0
2.1
2.0
2.1
2.5
2.5
2.
4
2.4
11
D ying ime o middle lea es
day
44
45
47
45
47
49
4
8
48
12
Numbe o days in g eenhouses
om he lowe exi o ipening o
sp ou s
day
42
45
50
46
45
50
5
0
48
Type o g eenhouse
sola hea ing
13
a)
Numbe o days in c ops days
un il he middle ie lea es ipen
day
90
92
94
93
92
90
9
3
93
b)
Days un il he las lea es ipen
(un il he echnical ma u i y o
makho ka
day
125
120
127
124
127
125
1
2
8
127
c)
Days un il lowe ing
day
87
85
90
87
88
90
8
9
87
d)
Un il he plan is ully lowe ing
day
120
125
124
123
121
125
1
2
3
123
e)
Un il 50% o he seed pods ipen
day
105
107
109
107
108
106
1
0
8
108
14
Numbe o plan lea es
pieceme
al
49
45
37
44
43
42
4
6
43
15
а)
Size o lea es in he middle ie :
Leng h
cm
55
50
43
49
48
56
5
5
53
b)
Wid h
сm
30
29
22
27
27
31
3
0
29
16
Vege a ion pe iod ( om he
momen o plan ing seedlings in
he ield un il seed ipening)
day
120
118
122
120
122
123
1
2
2
122
17
Full plan g ow h
сm
300
270
268
279
250
260
2
7
6
262
18
Seed weigh om 1 plan
g
12.7
13.6
13.5
13.4
12.1
12.9
1
3
.
4
12.2
19
Deg ee o d ough esis ance
sco e
8
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
20
Deg ee o lodging esis ance (on
a 5-poin scale)
sco e
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
21
Impo an biological di e ences
om o he a ie ies
Fas -g owing, high, la ge and nume ous lea es;
he pla e o lea es is hick; lowe baske big; ea ly lowe ing and ea ly ipening o seeds,
la ge seed size; less o ma ion o side shoo s
As can be seen om able 1, he heigh o he obacco a ie y "Bahlul-87" is 280 cm; his a ie y is adap ed o local
condi ions, esis an o lodging, d ough , diseases and pes s, is dis inguished by high quali y and p oduc i i y. The ege a ion pe iod
in d yland condi ions is 120 days. The lowe g oup is small and dense. The weigh o 1000 g ains is 0.08 g . The colo o d y
obacco is yellow, o ange. The yield o he 1s comme cial a ie y is 87%, and he yield pe hec a e is 32.7 c/ha. This is 1.8 c/ha
mo e han he zoned obacco a ie y "Zaka ala la ge-lea ed".
The pe cen age o disease and pes in es a ion in he ield du ing he s udy pe iod is gi en in able 2 below.
Na giz M. A. e al, New Tobacco Va ie y – “Bahlul 87”, G own in Rapıds o Sheki-Zaga ala Region o Aze baijan
Republic
www.ijlsa .o glable a : iA a 670| 704 P a g e
Table 2. Disease and pes in es a ion, %
№
Name o he disease and
pes s
New
a ie y - "Bahlul-87
S anda d - "Zaka ala la ge lea "
2020
2021
2022
2020
2021
2022
1
Roo o (Fuza ioz)
0.0
1.8
0.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
2
Powde y mildew
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
3
Tobacco mosaic
0.0
0.0
0.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
4
Downy mildew
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.6
4.0
0.0
5
Bac e ial speckle
2.5
1.8
0.0
11.2
10.0
6.2
6
Whi e mo le
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.0
0.0
7
T ips
5.0
1.5
0.0
5.6
0.0
5.0
As can be seen om able 2, he in ec ion wi h powde y mildew, obacco mosaic, alse powde y mildew and whi e a iega ion
was obse ed only in he a ie y "Zaka ala la ge-lea ed". I can be con iden ly said ha he newly c ea ed a ie y "Bahlul-87" is
mo e esis an o in ec ion wi h diseases and pes s.
Mo phological cha ac e is ics o Bahlul 87 obacco a ie y a e gi en in able 3 below.
Table 3. Mo phological desc ip ion o he a ie y "Bahlul-87"
s.s.
Mo phological desc ip ion
Indica o s
1
Seedling colo
Ligh g een
2
Cha ac e is ics o plan g ow h in he i s phase
La e g ow h in he i s phase
3
Plan shape
Conical
4
Flowe c own shape
Rela i ely li le b anched
5
5 Lea posi ion on he s em
A ached o he s em
6
Lea blade bend
Tinde -like
7
Main lea shape
Sessile
8
Middle lea blade shape
Ellip ical oblong
9
Uppe lea blade shape
Medium la ge
10
Lea su ace
Wa y
11
Lea edge
S aigh wa y
12
Lea colo
G een-yellow
13
Flowe c own colo
Weak ed
15
In addi ion o he abo e-men ioned cha ac e is ics o he a ie y,
dis inc i e ea u es om he co esponding a ie ies du ing ield
con ol
When he lea es ipen, hei edges u n
yellow
As can be seen om able 3, he mo phological desc ip ion o he a ie y "Bahlul-87": he colo o he seedlings is ligh
g een; he cha ac e is ic o plan g ow h in he i s phase is la e g owing; he shape o he plan is conical; he shape o he lowe
c own is ela i ely li le b anched; he posi ion o he lea es on he s em is a ached o he s em; he bend o he lea blade is inde -
like; he shape o he main lea is sessile, he shape o he middle lea blade is ellip ical oblong; he shape o he uppe lea blade is
medium la ge; he su ace o he lea is wa y; he edge o he lea is s aigh wa y; he colo o he lea is g een-yellow; he colo
o he lowe c own is weak ed. In addi ion o he abo e cha ac e is ics o he a ie y, du ing ield con ol i was e ealed ha when
he lea es o he "Bahlul-87" a ie y ipen, hei edges u n yellow.
Na giz M. A. e al, New Tobacco Va ie y – “Bahlul 87”, G own in Rapıds o Sheki-Zaga ala Region o Aze baijan
Republic
www.ijlsa .o glable a : iA a 670| 705 P a g e
(Fig. 1 - gene al iew o he Bahlul-87 a ie y, 2-3 - expe imen al plo o he Zonal Expe imen al S a ion, 4 - shape o he
middle lea blade).
Demand o ex e nal en i onmen al condi ions and ag icul u al echnology o a ie ies is gi en in able 4.
Table 4. Demand o he a ie y in ex e nal en i onmen al condi ions and ag icul u al echnology
№
Indica o s
New a ie y – “Bahlul-87”
S anda d - "Zaka ala la ge-lea ed"
1
Soil ype
Moun ain o es , b own and b own
Moun ain o es , b own and b own
2
Seed a e o sowing pe
1.0 ha
20-25 g
20-25 g
3
Seed sowing ime
om 01 o 15 Feb ua y
om 01 o 15 Feb ua y
4
Seedling plan ing pe iod
om 20.04 o 10.05
om 20.04 o 10.05
5
In o ma ion on he s udy
o he a ie y wi h
di e en ag icul u al
p ac ices (sowing da es,
plan ing a es) and wi h
di e en p edecesso s
Acco ding o adi ional cul i a ion
echnology adop ed o g owing he
egion; c op o a ion,
p edecesso
mainly g ain acco ding o adi ional
cul i a ion echnology adop ed o
g owing he egion;
c op o a ion, p edecesso , mainly
ce eals
6
Yield, c/ha
30.1-32.7
29.0-30.9
As can be seen om able 4, he demand o he a ie y in ex e nal en i onmen al condi ions and ag icul u al echnology:
he a ie y is g own in moun ain- o es , b own and b own soils in d yland condi ions. Ag o echnical ca e is ca ied ou acco ding
o he adi ional cul i a ion echnology adop ed o g owing he egion, c op o a ion, he p edecesso is mainly g ain c ops. The
seed a e o sowing pe 1.0 ha is 20-25 g , he sowing ime o seeds is om 01 o 15 Feb ua y, and he pe iod o plan ing seedlings
is om 20.04 o 10.05. The yield is om 30.1 o 32.7 c/ha.
1
2
3
4
Na giz M. A. e al, New Tobacco Va ie y – “Bahlul 87”, G own in Rapıds o Sheki-Zaga ala Region o Aze baijan
Republic
www.ijlsa .o glable a : iA a 670| 706 P a g e
CONCLUSIONS
Ag obiological cha ac e is ics o he a ie y "Bahlul-87": he heigh is 280 cm, his a ie y is adap ed o local condi ions, esis an
o lodging, d ough , diseases and pes s, has high quali y and p oduc i i y. The ege a ion pe iod in d yland condi ions is 120 days.
The lowe g oup is small and dense. The weigh o 1000 g ains is 0.08 g . The colo o d y obacco is yellow, o ange. The yield o
he 1s comme cial a ie y is 87%, and he yield pe hec a e is 32.7 c/ha. This is 1.8 c/ha mo e han he zoned obacco a ie y
Zaga ala la ge-lea ed. In ec ion wi h powde y mildew, obacco mosaic, alse powde y mildew and whi e a iega ion was obse ed
only in he a ie y "Zaka ala la ge-lea ed". I is sa e o say ha he newly c ea ed a ie y "Bahlul-87" is mo e esis an o diseases
and pes s.
Mo phological desc ip ion o he a ie y "Bahlul-87": seedling colo - ligh g een; plan g ow h cha ac e is ics in he i s
phase - g ows la e; plan shape - conical; lowe c own shape - ela i ely li le b anched; lea posi ion on he s em - a ached o he
s em; lea blade bend - inde -like; main lea shape - sessile; middle lea blade shape - ellip ical oblong; uppe lea blade shape -
medium la ge; lea su ace - wa y; lea edge - s aigh wa y; lea colo - g een-yellow; lowe c own colo - ain ed. In addi ion
o he abo e-men ioned cha ac e is ics o he a ie y, ield es ing e ealed ha when he lea es o he "Bahlul-87" a ie y ipen,
hei edges u n yellow. Demand o he a ie y in ex e nal en i onmen al condi ions and ag icul u al echnology: he a ie y is
g own in moun ain- o es , b own and b own soils in d yland condi ions. Ag o echnical ca e is ca ied ou acco ding o adi ional
cul i a ion echnology adop ed o g owing he egion, c op o a ion, he p edecesso is mainly g ain c ops. The seed a e o sowing
pe 1.0 hec a e is 20-25 g , he ime o sowing seeds om 01 o 15 Feb ua y, and he pe iod o plan ing seedlings om 20.04 o
10.05. The yield o he 1s comme cial a ie y is 87%, and he yield pe hec a e is 32.7 c/ha. This is 1.8 c/ha mo e han he zoned
obacco a ie y Zaga ala la ge-lea ed.
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