*Co esponding au ho : Sakshi P abhaka Modha e
Copy igh © 2025 Au ho (s) e ain he copy igh o his a icle. This a icle is published unde he e ms o he C ea i e Commons A ibu ion License 4.0.
A e iew on: Fo mula ion De elopmen and E alua ion o Me onidazole Table D ug
Deli e y Sys em
Sakshi P abhaka Modha e 1, *, Reema Chand akan Londhe 2, P achi Nandkuma Padwal 2, Jayash ee
Ra ind a Ma ade 1, Akanksha Da a ay Kho e 1 and Ru uja Sa ish Modha e 1
1 S uden s Sama h Ins i u e o Pha macy, Belhe, Pune, Maha ash a, India.
2 Depa men o Quali y Assu ance, Sama h Ins i u e o Pha macy, Belhe, Pune, Maha ash a, India.
Wo ld Jou nal o Biology Pha macy and Heal h Sciences, 2025, 24(02), 001-004
Publica ion his o y: Recei ed on 23 Sep embe 2025; e ised on 28 Oc obe 2025; accep ed on 31 Oc obe 2025
A icle DOI: h ps://doi.o g/10.30574/wjbphs.2025.24.2.0966
Abs ac
Me onidazole is a syn he ic ni oimidazole an imic obial agen Widely used o he ea men o a ious anae obic
bac e ial and p o ozoal in ec ions.A ailable in o al able o m, Me onidazole exhibi s high e icacy agains Bac e oides
agilis, Clos idium di icile, T ichomonas aginalis, Gia dia lamblia, and En amoeba his oly ica. The d ug unc ions
p ima ily by dis up ing DNA syn hesis in suscep ible o ganisms, leading o cell dea h. Me onidazole able s a e apidly
abso bed a e o al adminis a ion, achie ing peak plasma concen a ions wi hin 1– 2 hou s. The s anda d dosage and
du a ion o he apy a y depending on he ype and se e i y o in ec ion. Common side e ec s include nausea, me allic
as e, and gas oin es inal discom o , wi h a e bu se ious ad e se e ec s such as neu o oxici y epo ed wi h
p olonged use. Due o i s e ec i eness, a o able pha macokine ics, and b oad an imic obial spec um, Me onidazole
emains a co ne s one in he managemen o anae obic and p o ozoal in ec ions.
Keywo ds: Me onidazole; Ca bopol Xan hine gum; O ganisms
1. In oduc ion
Me onidazole is a widely used an imic obial d ug belonging o he ni oimidazole class. I is e ec i e agains a a ie y
o anae obic bac e ia and p o ozoa. Me onidazole able s a e commonly p esc ibed o he ea men o in ec ions
caused by o ganisms such as En amoeba his oly ica, Gia dia lamblia. The d ug wo ks P ima ily by dis up ing he DNA
syn hesis o mic oo ganisms, leading o cell dea h.
Me onidazole able s a e used in he ea men o condi ions such as: Amoebiasis, Gia diasis, T ichomoniasis, Bac e ial
aginosis. The able s a e usually a ailable in s eng hs like 200 mg, 250 mg, o 400mg, Depending on he apeu ic
equi emen s. They a e adminis e ed o ally and a e Rapidly abso bed om he gas oin es inal ac , showing good
issue pene a ion. Me onidazole is included in he W olds Heal h O ganiza ion (W HO) Model Lis o Essen ial
Medicines due o i s b oad spec um o ac ion, sa e y, and e ec i eness.
2. Ma e ial and Me hod
2.1. Ma e ials
Me onidazole o pha maceu ical g ade was ob ained om a ce i ied supplie .Dis illed wa e o bu e solu ions we e
p epa ed eshly as equi ed. Cul u e media, including Muelle – Hin on aga (o any speci ic media equi ed o he
mic oo ganism es ed), we e p ocu ed om a ecognized manu ac u e . S anda d bac e ial s ains such as Esche ichia
Wo ld Jou nal o Biology Pha macy and Heal h Sciences, 2025, 24(02), 001-004
2
coli, S aphylococcus au eus, Bac e oides agilis o o he anae obic o ganisms we e sou ced om a mic obial cul u e
collec ion. S e ile Pe i dishes, inocula ing loops, mic opipe es, and an ibio ic assay disks we e used h oughou he
expe imen .
2.2. P epa a ion o me onidazole able s
Th ee ba ches o he me onidazole able s we e o mula ed using h ee Binde s,namely acacia, sodium CMC, and A.
e a gum. W e g anula ion Me hod was used in he o mula ion o he able s. Me onidazole Powde was i u a ed
oge he wi h o he ing edien s (mic oc ys alline Cellulose and lac ose) in geome ic o de using mo a and pes le. W
weighed quan i y o each binde was mixed wi h 8 ml o wa e o o m Mucilage and hen, used o o m a damp mass
wi h he powde mix. The Damp mass was passed h ough 1.7 mm sie e and d ied in a ho o en. The esul an d ied
g anules we e passed h ough 1.0 mm sie e and Then h ough 0.25mm sie e o sepa a e he ine om coa se g anules.
Magnesium s ea a e was mixed wi h he ines and coa se g anules hen Added and all mixed oge he . The g anules
mix u e was comp essed In o able s using a single punch machine.
Table 1 Fo mula able
S .no
Ing edien s
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5
1
Me onidazole
200
200
200
200
200
2
Mic oc ys alline cellulose
90
65
40
90
65
3
Hyd oxyp opyl me hylcellulose
100
125
150
-
-
4
Ca bopol
-
-
-
100
125
5
Xan hum gum
-
-
-
-
-
6
Sodium bica bona e
20
20
20
20
20
7
S a ch
80
80
80
-
8
Talc
5
5
5
5
5
9
Magnesium s ea a e
5
5
5
5
5
10
To al ne (mg)
500
500
500
500
500
Table 2 Equipmen used
S .no
Equipmen
1
Fou ie ans o m in a ed spec opho ome e (IR. he moscien i ic Nicole is 10)
2
UV/VIS Spec opho ome e (u jasco 2016)No:Qc.cp-057
3
PH me e H12216 pH/ORP/ISE Me e
4
Ul a-Sonic
5
Elec onic Balance Sa oius No:Oc-Cp.059
6
Ha dness Tes e Rimek-india.No:cp.010.
7
Disin eg a ion Tes e (Disin eg a ion es e -bj-3)
8
HPLC 2020
9
Dissolu ion es e (RC-80C)No:QC-cp-071
10
Table machine Ro a y able s p ess machine Zp-7
11
F iabil y Tes e (Cjy-300D Table s iabil y Tes e )
12
Thickness es e Ve nie (s ainless ha dned)
13
O en Incuba o Accele a e s abili y s udy champe
Wo ld Jou nal o Biology Pha macy and Heal h Sciences, 2025, 24(02), 001-004
3
3. Me hodology
D y G anula ion P ocedu e:
• Weigh all he ing edien s.
• Take he mo a and pes le and add he MCC, Sus ained elease polyme and Me onidazole.
• Add he S a ch powde and Sodium bica bona e powde .
• Mix all he ing edien s.
• D y sc eening.
• Mixing wi h o he ing edien s: A d y lub ican and glidan is added o he g anules ei he by dus ing o e he
sp ead-ou g anules o by blending wi h he g anules.
• Table ing: Las s ep in which he able s is ed in o he die ca i y and he comp essed.
3.1. E alua ion o Me onidazole
E alua ion o p e- comp ession low p ope ies o powde blend O ganolep ic p ope ies - O ganolep ic p ope ies o
API like colou , odou and s abili y.
We e obse ed an eco ded. Solubili y was obse ed in me hanol and sodium hyd oxide.
• Bulk Densi y - Bulk densi y was measu ed using bulk densi y appa a us.
• Tapped Densi y = Bulk weigh /Tapped olume.
• Weigh a ia ion- The weigh a ia ion es would be sa is ac o y me hod o de e mining he d ug con en
uni o mi y. Twen y able s andomly we e aken om each ba ch and weigh ed indi idually, The a e age
weigh o one able was calcula ed.
• Diame e es - The diame e es one o es s which used o de e mina ion o he able s size, i is done by
aking i e able s om each ba ch andomly. Diame e may ob ain by using sui able mic ome e .
• Thickness es - The hickness es o i e able s we e picked om each ba ch andomly and hickness was
measu ed indi idually using “Ve nie -calipe ”. I is exp essed in millime e and a e age was calcula ed.
• Ha dness es - The ha dness es o able c ushing s eng h. I is exp essed in kg/cm.
• F iabili y es – The iabili y es is pe o med o assess he e ec o ic ion and Shocks, which may o en
cause able o chip, cap o b eak. Roche iabila o was Used o he pu pose.
• In- i o disin eg a ion ime- The in- i o disin eg a ion ime was de e mined Using Disin eg a ion es
appa a us. A able was placed in each o he six ubes o he Appa a us and one disc was added o each ube.
3.2. Conclusion
The able s o a ious o mula ion we e subjec ed o a ious e olu ion es such as weigh a ia ion, F iabili y, ha dness
and d ug elease by dissolu ion s udies acco ding o he p ocedu e speci ied in he I.P. The esul s o he es we e
abula ed and ound o be wi hin he pha macopoeial limi s. This s udies Indica ed ha all he p epa ed o mula ion
we e good. The elease o d ug o m sus ained elease able s we e p epa a ion by 3 polyme s like Ca bopol 934, HPMC
K100, Xan han gum ac s as sus ained elease polyme s. The ca bopol 934 o mula ion shows Bes elease compa ed
wi h emaining polyme s. Ca bopol 934> Hyd oxyp opyl Me hyl Cellulose K100> Can gum. By using Ca bopol.
4. Resul and discussions
Table 3 E alua ion pa ame e s o Me onidazole
Fo mula ion
Ha dness
Weigh a ia ion
F iabil y
Floa ing ime
F1
2.5
±7
15
10
F2
3.2
±5
18
10
F3
3.8
±6
23
10
F4
3
±8
16
10
F5
4.2
±6
13
10
F6
3.4
±5
24
10
Wo ld Jou nal o Biology Pha macy and Heal h Sciences, 2025, 24(02), 001-004
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All e alua ion pa ame e s o he o mula ed me onidazole able s we e ound o be wi hin he accep able
pha macopoeial limi s. The able s exhibi ed uni o mi y in weigh , ha dness, and hickness, indica ing good o mula ion
cha ac e is ics. The d ug con en and in- i o dissolu ion esul s con i m he e ec i e elease and bioa ailabili y o
me onidazole om he o mula ion.
5. Conclusion
We since ely acknowledge he con inuous guidance, mo i a ion, and cons uc i e eedback p o ided by ou men o ,
P achi Nandkuma Padwal, Technique pa ience ha e been ins umen al in shaping his e iew pape . We also ex end
ou g a i ude o Sama h Ins i u e o Pha macy Belhe o p o iding he necessa y academic en i onmen and esou ces
ha suppo ed his wo k.
Re e ences
[1] Indian Pha macopoeia Commission. The Indian pha macopoeia, 6 h Ed. Ghaziabad. 2010; 187-98
[2] Fo mula ion and E alua ion o Con olled-Release (Ma ix) Me onidazole Table s “Fo mula ion o sus ained
elease ma ix able s o me onidazole” (IJPSR).
[3] Fo mula ion and E alua ion o Floa ing Table o Me onidazole “Fo mula ion and E alua ion o Floa ing able
o Me onidazole o e adica ion o Helicobac e pylo i” (Resea ch Jou nal o Pha macy & Technology) .
[4] Me onidazole Based Floa ing Bioadhesi e D ug Deli e y Sys em” Me onidazole Based Floa ing Bioadhesi e
D ug Deli e y Sys em(MDPI).
[5] Fo mula ion and E alua ion o Table s using Co-p ocessed Excipien o Me onidazole “Fo mula ion and
E alua ion o Me onidazole Table s using Co-p ocessed Caesalpinia Gum and Annealed Maize S a ch.
[6] P epa a ion and E alua ion o Me onidazole Table s P oduced wi h Di e en Binde s (We G anula ion)
“P epa a ion and E alua ion o Me onidazole Table s P oduced wi h Di e en Binde s using We G anula ion
Me hod” .
[7] Sus ained elease d ug deli e y sys em: A e iew. In J Pha m Res De . 2011; 2: 147-60.
[8] Sus ained elease ma ix ype d ug deli e y sys em: Kuma : a e iew. Wo ld Jou nal o Pha macy and
Pha maceu ical Sciences. 2012; : 934-60.
[9] Fo mula ion and e alua ion o sus ained elease Table s o me onidazole. In e na ional Jou nal o
Pha maceu ical Sciences and Resea ch, 5(6), 2294–2301.
[10] Fo mula ion and e alua ion o sus ained- elease ma ix able o me onidazole. In e na ional Jou nal o
Pha maceu ical Sciences and Resea ch, Shah, R. K., & Pa el, G. (2023), 14, 6029–6037.
