G an Ag eemen numbe :
101058371
P ojec ac onym: ESTELLA
P ojec i le: Design o bio-based he mose
polyme wi h ecycling capabili y by
dynamic bonds o bio-composi e
manu ac u ing
DELIVERABLE 4.2
Re-p ocessing o ecycled he mose esins
Con ac ual Da e o Deli e y:
30/11/2024
Ac ual Da e o Deli e y:
29/11/2024
Lead con ac o o his deli e able:
NIC
Au ho (s):
Gio gio To ani, Filipa A. Vicen e, Damian
Ghazal Ta akoli Gheinani, A ijana Susa, Willem
Vogelzang, Wou e Teunissen, Ian Jansen,
He man Beukelae
Pa icipan s(s):
W
P
con ibu ing o he deli e able:
WP4
Na u e: Con iden ial
Ve sion
V. 3
G an Ag eemen 101058371 P ojec ESTELLA
ESTELLA_D4.2_ 3
5
The eco e ed he mose esin o mula ions a e he ecycling p ocesses will be
used as aw ma e ial o demons a e he abili y o epoxy esins o be
ep ocessed. NIC and ICSO will use he eco e ed epoxy esins o de elop new
he mose ma e ials wi h CAN as i was pe o med in T2.2. Reco e ed esin will be
used in composi ion wi h esh esin wi h CAN o de e mine he maximum amoun
o eco e ed esin ha can be impa ed wi hou signi ican de e io a ion o he
-Alde
esins using ypical he moplas ic mel p ocessing echnologies such as ex usion.
P ocessing pa ame e s will be op imised. A e p ocessing, he deg ee and a e
o es o a ion o Diels-Alde bonds will be de e mined.
Below a e he main indings o he esea ch pe o med by he in ol ed pa ne s:
Conside ing he de elopmen o associa i e bio-based epoxy esins om lignin
wi h CANs, wo app oaches o e-p ocessing we e s udied. In he i s one, he
epoxy esin dissol ed unde cy ene ea men was eshaped in silicon molds
(Figu e 0). The second one consis s o es ing he sel -healing p ope ies o he
epoxy esin by ho p essing in p esence and absence o esh epoxide (1,4
bu anediol diglycidyl e he ). The esul s showed ha , du ing he i s app oach, i
was possible o eshape he epoxy esin. Howe e , he ecycled ma e ial was oo
b i le wi h espec o he o iginal one. Ins ead, he ho p essing did no allow he
sel -healing o he epoxy esin sample despi e hea ing a 160 °C and 200 °C.
Figu e 0. F om le o igh : o iginal NIC esin, ecycled esin, emoulded samples 1 and 2.
Rega ding he de elopmen o associa i e ossil-based epoxy esins, ma e ials
based on comme cial epoxy esin we e chemically ecycled by dissol ing hem
in an o ganic sol en a ele a ed empe a u e. The p ocess has been designed
o e ec i ely dissol e he ma e ial, enabling he sepa a ion o he componen
composi ions (including he ib es om he esin ma ix) and hus hei subsequen
ep ocessing. The high empe a u e and app op ia ely chosen sol en s
p omo ed e icien decomposi ion o he polyme ne wo k, enabling he
eco e y o monome s/oligome s, which we e eused in he syn hesis o new
ma e ials.
Nex o he abo e-men ioned e o s, WR has in es iga ed he ep ocessabili y o
wo DA-con aining he mose s using bo h ex usion and comp ession molding
echniques. The p ocessing pa ame e s we e op imized, and he he mal and
mechanical p ope ies o he ma e ials be o e and a e each ep ocessing
cycle we e assessed using di e en analy ical me hods such as DSC, FTIR, ensile
es s, and heology measu emen s. These analyses allowed o de e mining he
deg ee and a e o eco e y o he DA bonds in each case.
I was obse ed ha while a desi ed d op in iscosi y can be achie ed a
ele a ed empe a u es due o he DA eac ion and he esul ing b eakdown o
he c osslinked ne wo k, highe ep ocessing empe a u es could lead o a side
G an Ag eemen 101058371 P ojec ESTELLA
ESTELLA_D4.2_ 3
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eac ion namely, he homopolyme iza ion o maleimide ings in BMI-689. This
issue could also a ise i he ma e ial is main ained a high empe a u es o
ex ended pe iods, inc easing he likelihood o homopolyme o ma ion.
Thus, ex usion appea s o be a p e e able me hod o ep ocessing DA-
con aining he mose s, as i minimizes exposu e ime o high empe a u es. This
educ ion in exposu e lowe s he isk o maleimide homopolyme iza ion, he eby
p ese ing he ecyclabili y and ep ocessing e iciency o e mul iple cycles.
The D4.2 deli e able has ully me i s objec i es. Howe e , i had o be pos poned
3 mon hs, which has been upda ed in he amendmen o he G an Ag eemen .
