Challenges and Ba ie s o he
Implemen a ion o Ag o o es y in
Eu ope … (en e LULUCF and LPIS)
Ge y Lawson, Policy O ice , Eu opean Ag o o es y Fede a ion
Ag omix Policy Summi , B ussels, 17.4.24
EU Digi AF P ojec , ResAlliance P ojec [email p o ec ed]
Sheep used o g aze pine o es unde s o ies in
Ca alunya o educe he isk and in ensi y o i es.
POLICY SUMMIT 2024
The EU had a simple ag o o es y de ini ion in CAP 2017/22
“Land use sys ems in which ees a e g own in combina ion wi h ag icul u e on he same land
(Reg 1305/2013)”.
Ag o o es y ees can be inside pa cels o on bounda ies (e.g. hedges).
Ag o o es y can be on o es pa cels (e.g. “ o es g azing”) o ag icul u al pa cels (e.g. “wood pas u e”)
Body slides / Chap e page + inside pages
POLICY SUMMIT 2024
1
De ini ions o Ag o o es y
4
De ini ions o ag o o es y in CAP S a egic Plans
5
●All Membe S a es de ine “ag o o es y”in hei CAP S a egic Plans.
●Mos gi e he maximum numbe s o ees pe hec a e (e.g. 400/ha), bu ew gi e he
minimum numbe o he de ini ion o “ ee”. Policy B ie ing #22
●Few o he de ini ions can be used easily in emo e sensing.
●All Membe S a es ha e de ined woody-landscape- ea u es (indi idual ees, hedges
and ees in g oups and lines) in hei S a egic Plans IACS/LPIS sys ems (PB #21)
●Membe S a es ha e o epo he a ea o new ag o o es y (Resul Indica o 17.3)
and woody landscape- ea u es (Resul Indica o 17.4) bu his da a is no a ailable ye
(PB#07)
●Landscape- ea u e a eas a e eco ded as Impac Indica o 21, bu his is only
a ailable a a e y high le el based on LUCAS sampling. MS a e encou aged in he NRR
o de elop hei own me ics.
●The a ge o 10% High Di e si y Landscape Fea u es in he Na u e Res o a ion
Regula ion was emo ed by he EU Pa liamen , lea ing only a commi men o an
“inc easing end in HDLF” (PB#18)
●Se e al coun ies (e.g. I eland, Denma k, Aus ia, Ne he lands, Spain) a e mo ing
owa ds be e iden i ica ion and accoun ing o LULUCF-GHG emissions om ees on
g assland and c opland. (PB#17)
●Se e al Membe s a es ha e de ined “pe manen g assland” o include a eas which
a e p edominan ly co e ed by sh ubs which can be g azed o cu o odde - and
hese can be conside ed as ag o o es y (PB#29)
A 6 o he LULUCF Regula ion he FMR
A icle 4(3) o he CAP S a egic Plan Regula ion (2021/2115): Ag icul u al a ea
shall be de e mined in such a way as o comp ise a able land, pe manen c ops and
pe manen g assland, including when hey o m ag o o es y sys ems on ha a ea. The
e ms ‘a able land’, ‘pe manen c ops’ and ‘pe manen g assland’ shall be u he
speci ied by Membe S a es wi hin hei CAP S a egic Plans. (Policy B ie ing #22)
A icle 6 (3) o he LULUCF Regula ion (2018/841) de ined Fo es Land acco ding
o he Th esholds in Annex II (opposi e). These a e also used in na ional o es laws,
UNFCCC Ma akesh Acco ds, REDD+, Kyo o Clean De elopmen Mechanism e c.
(Policy B ie ing #8)
The e o e, he EU Fo es Moni o ing Regula ion should use he UNFCCC and
LULUCF o es h esholds and no emula e P oc us es. (Policy B ie ing #15)
One Size Fi s ALL ??
P oc us es was a G eek
blacksmi h who ei he
s e ched his gues s o
cu o hei legs o i
his one-size- i s all bed
6
Body slides / Chap e page + inside pages
POLICY SUMMIT 2024
2
Suppo o Ag o o es y in
p e ious CAP Pe iods
7
EU Ag o o es y Policy: CAP 2007-2013
●Ag o o es y was men ioned 6 imes in he i s EU
Fo es S a egy (1999)
●Regula ion 1698/2005 included suppo o
a o es a ion o ag icul u al land and was adop ed in
66 egions ( om 88)
●Howe e suppo o new a eas o ag o o es y we e
adop ed only in 18 egions (CY, ES(6), FR(2), HU,
IT(5), PT(2), UK(1)),
●Mo e han 3000 bene icia ies we e planned on 60
000 ha
●F ance (Hexagone) and Flande s - implemen ed
ag o o es y in 2010.
●A wide ange o o he measu es we e used in a
modes way o suppo small-scale ee plan ing on
a ms (see Mosque a e al 2016)
In he end, he ag o o es y measu e was made a ailable o
a me s in only 5 egions
Ag o o es y in he CAP 2015-2022 (Measu e 8.2)
9
Impac Indica o 21 (a ea o landscape ea u es)
16
Woody Landscape ea u es
based on LUCAS (JRC)
4
Pilla I - Ecoschemes (A icle
31)
17
Ag icul u al p ac ices ha could be suppo ed by eco-schemes ha e o mee he ollowing condi ions:
● hey should co e ac i i ies ela ed o clima e, en i onmen , animal wel a e and
an imic obial esis ance;
● hey shall be de ined on he basis o he needs and p io i ies iden i ied a
na ional/ egional le els;
● hei le el o ambi ion has o go beyond he equi emen s and obliga ions es ablished
unde he baseline (including condi ionali y);
● hey shall con ibu e o eaching he EU G een Deal a ge s.
Ag o-ecology
● C op o a ion wi h leguminous c ops
● Mixed c opping - mul i c opping
● Co e c op be ween ee ows on pe manen c ops - o cha ds, ineya ds, oli e ees - abo e condi ionali y
● Win e soil co e and ca ch c ops abo e condi ionali y
● Low in ensi y g ass-based li es ock sys em
● Use o c ops/plan a ie ies mo e esilien o clima e change
● Mixed species/di e se swa d o pe manen g assland o biodi e si y pu pose (pollina ion, bi ds, game eeds ocks)
● Imp o ed ice cul i a ion o dec ease me hane emissions (e.g. al e na e we and d y echniques)
Husband y and animal wel a e plans
● Feeding plans: sui abili y o and access o eed and wa e , eed and wa e quali y analyses (e.g. mico oxines), op imised eed s a egies
● F iendly housing condi ions: inc eased space allowances pe animal, imp o ed loo ing (e.g., s aw bedding p o ided on a daily basis), ee a owing,
p o ision o en iched en i onmen (e.g. oo ing o pigs, pe ching, nes -building ma e ials, e c.), shading/sp inkle s/ en ila ion o cope wi h hea s ess
● P ac ices inc easing animal obus ness, e ili y, longe i y and adap abili y, e.g. li espan o dai y cows; b eeding lowe emission animals, p omo ing
gene ic di e si y and esilience
● Animal heal h p e en ion and con ol plans: o e all plan o educing he isk o in ec ions ha equi e an imic obials and co e ing all ele an
husband y p ac ices, e.g. c awl space be ween wo ea ing bel s, accina ion and ea men s, enhanced biosecu i y, use o eed addi i es, e c.
● P o iding access o pas u es and inc easing g azing pe iod o g azing animals
● P o ide and manage egula access o open ai a eas
Ag o- o es y
● Es ablishmen and main enance o landscape ea u es abo e condi ionali y
● Managemen and cu ing plan o landscape ea u es
● Es ablishmen and main enance o high-biodi e si y sil o-pas o al sys ems
Huge numbe o po en ial Ecoschemes (1)
18
No e ha Landscape ea u es a e
clea ly judged as ag o o es y
And mo e po en ial ecoschemes (2)
High na u e alue (HNV) a ming
● Land lying allow wi h species composi ion o biodi e si y pu pose (pollina ion, bi ds, game eeds ocks, e c).
● Shephe ding on open spaces and be ween pe manen c ops, anshumance and common g azing
● Semi-na u al habi a c ea ion and enhancemen
● Reduc ion o e ilise use, low in ensi y managemen in a able c ops
Ca bon a ming
● Conse a ion ag icul u e
● Rewe ing we lands/pea lands, paludicul u e
● Minimum wa e able le el du ing win e
● App op ia e managemen o esidues, i.e. bu ying o ag icul u al esidues, seeding on esidues
● Es ablishmen and main enance o pe manen g assland
● Ex ensi e use o pe manen g assland
P ecision a ming
● Nu ien s managemen plan, use o inno a i e app oaches o minimise nu ien elease, op imal pH o nu ien up ake, ci cula ag icul u e
● P ecision c op a ming o educe inpu s ( e ilise s, wa e , plan p o ec ion p oduc s)
● Imp o ing i iga ion e iciency
Imp o e nu ien managemen
● Implemen a ion o ni a es- ela ed measu es ha go beyond he condi ionali y obliga ions
● Measu es o educe and p e en wa e , ai and soil pollu ion om excess nu ien s such as soil sampling i no al eady obliga o y, c ea ion o nu ien aps
P o ec ing wa e esou ces
● Managing c op wa e demand (swi ching o less wa e in ensi e c ops, changing plan ing da es, op imised i iga ion schedules)
O he p ac ices bene icial o soil
● E osion p e en ion s ips and wind b eaks
● Es ablishmen o main enance o e aces and s ip c opping
O he p ac ices ela ed o GHG emissions
● Feed addi i es o dec ease emissions om en e ic e men a ion
● Imp o ed manu e managemen and s o age
19
5
Pilla II - In es men
Measu es (A icle 73)
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Pa ag aph 4… maximum a e may be inc eased o … (c) 100% o he
ollowing in es men s (1) a o es a ion, es ablishmen and egene a ion o
ag o- o es y sys ems, land consolida ion in o es y and nonp oduc i e
in es men s linked o one o mo e o he speci ic objec i es se ou in A icle
6(1), poin s (d), (e) and ( ), including non-p oduc i e in es men s aimed a
p o ec ing li es ock and c ops agains damage caused by wild animals;
Body slides / Chap e page + inside pages
POLICY SUMMIT 2024
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Pilla II - Ag i-En i onmen
-Clima e (AECM) (A icle 70)
21
●Ac ions go beyond SMR and GAEC s anda ds
●Commi men s o 5-7 yea s (bu may be longe o sho e -
i a case is made in he CSP)
●Annual paymen pe hec a e o a lump sum
●Paymen s “basis o he addi ional cos s incu ed and income
o egone esul ing om he commi men s made, aking in o
accoun he a ge s se ”.
●Can ake in o accoun “ ansac ion cos s”
CAP Ag o o es y Suppo Measu es (2023-2028)
ONLY 17 AF measu es om a o al o 948 in A icles 31 (ECO), 70 (AECM) and 73-74 (INVEST)
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Body slides / Chap e page + inside pages
POLICY SUMMIT 2024
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O he CAP Measu es
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A icle 71 - na u al o o he a ea speci ic cons ain s
A icle 72 - A ea speci ic disad an ages om manda o y equi emen s
A icle 76 - Risk managemen ools
A icle 77 - Coope a ion (e.g. EIP, Leade )
A icle 78 - Knowledge exchange and dissemina ion
Body slides / Chap e page + inside pages
POLICY SUMMIT 2024
8
Sus aining suppo - CRCF, SFI,
Ag i-ETS, G eenDa a4All,
LULUCF
24
h ps://www.eea.eu opa.eu/da a-and-maps/da iz/eu-e
missions-and- emo als-o -1/# ab-cha _2
The 2030 LULUCF Ta ge is e y unlikely o be achie ed.
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Body slides / Chap e page + inside pages
POLICY SUMMIT 2024
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The G een Deal is being
“simpli ied” …. Do we need a new
EU “P oduc i e and Di e se
Landscape S a egy” (co e ing
woody, we and he baceous
woody landscape ea u es)
32
33
POLICY SUMMIT 2024
T ee-Co e -Densi y (TCD) on
ag icul u al land in he 39 EEA
coun ies. A eas o whi e a e
non-ag icul u al a eas. Red a eas
a e p io i y plan ing zones whe e
TCD is pa icula ly low. Sou ce:
Cope nicus TCD-2018
supe imposed on Co ine
ag icul u al land o 2018. Each
pixel co e s 1 ha (100 m x 100 m).
The map was p oduced o he EU
Digi AF p ojec by Plane Inc and
he Eu opean Fo es Ins i u e.
T ee Dese
Landscapes in
Eu ope
h) Spain - on he EU a e age "Ze o-T ee-Index"
70.1%
EURAF Con e ence in B no in May - see you he e?
35
EURAF Membe s 2024
Mo e in o ma ion on Ag o o es y and Policies?
#21 Landscape Fea u es in he new CAP ( 1 30.1.23)
#22 Ag o o es y de ini ions in he new CAP ( 1 14.2.23)
#23 Resea ch and inno a ion p io i ies - Ho izon Eu ope 2025-2027 ( 1 28.2.23)
#24 Ag o o es y and Pa liamen ’s epo on Sus ainable Ca bon Cycles ( 1 5.3.23)
#25 Op ions o FAO epo ing on T ees ou side Fo es s ( 1 30.5.23)
#26 Ag o o es y and he 2040 AFOLU ne -ze o a ge ( 1 23.6.23)
#27 Ag o o es y and adap a ion o clima e change ( 1 31.7.23)
#28 Ag o o es y and he Sus ainable Finance Ini ia i e ( 1 15.12.23)
#29 Ag o o es y and Pe manen G assland De ini ions in EU Membe S a es ( 1 31/12/23)
#30 Ag o o es y & "Fo es Rep oduc i e Ma e ial", "New Genomic Techniques" Regs( 2 22.12.23)
#15 Moni o ing T ees ou side Fo es s in he EU ( 1-2.5.22, 2-1.6.22, 3-23.1.23)
#16 Ag o o es y and he G een Deal - pape abs ac s om Nuo o ( 1 Jul 22, V2 20.9.22)
#17 Ag o o es y in he Re ised LULUCF Regula ion ( 1 Jun 22, V2 Jul 22, 3 30.11.22)
#18 Ag o o es y and he EU Na u e Res o a ion Regula ion ( 1 Jul 22, 2 31.12.23)
#19 Ag o o es y and he EU ABER Regula ion (IE, FI, NL, SE, LU, DE e c) ( 1 31.12.22)
#20 Ag o o es y and he F amewo k Regula ion o Ca bon Remo als ( 1 31.12.22)
36
#8 Ag o o es y o ca bon- a ming ( 1 Sep 20, 2 Dec 21, 3 15.4.22, 4 1.4.24)
