1
Va iables Desc ip ion o
INDOFLOODS: A Comp ehensi e Da abase o Flood E en s in India Enhanced
wi h Ca chmen A ibu es
Sai Ki an Kun la1 and Manabend a Saha ia1,2
1Depa men o Ci il Enginee ing, Indian Ins i u e o Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi
110016, India
2Ya di School o A i icial In elligence, Indian Ins i u e o Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New
Delhi 110016, India
Con en s o his ile
Table 1: In o ma ion p o ided in he me ada a o he da abase.
Table 2: Desc ip ion o lood-e en a iables con ibu ing o he da abase.
Table 3: Lis o ca chmen -scale a iables p o ided in he da abase.
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Table 1: In o ma ion p o ided in he me ada a o he da abase.
Field
Desc ip ion
GaugeID
A unique ID is assigned o each gauge s a ion, such as “INDOFLOODS-gauge-
1”, o easy iden i ica ion and ep esen a ion among a ious subse s o his
da abase.
Wa ning
Le el
The le el o he s eam low (m ) abo e which he s eam low is classi ied as
“Flood”.
Dange
Le el
The le el o he s eam low (m ) abo e which he s eam low is classi ied as a
“Se e e Flood”.
S a ion
Name o he s a ion
La i ude
and
Longi ude
The geog aphical coo dina es o he gauge s a ion.
Ri e Name
The name o he i e on which he gauge s a ion is ins alled. The ibu a y and
sub- ibu a y name(s) a e also p o ided whe e e a ailable.
Basin
The name o he Basin in which he gauge s a ion lies. Names o he basin a e as
pe he eco ds o CWC.
S a da e
Da e o he oldes eco d o s eam low da a a ailable based on which he lood
e en s in INDOFLOODS a e ex ac ed. All da es con o m o ISO 8601 (YYYY-
MM-DD), he in e na ional s anda d o ep esen ing da es and imes.
End da e
Da e o he la es eco d o s eam low da a a ailable based on which he lood
e en s in INDOFLOODS a e ex ac ed. All da es con o m o ISO 8601 (YYYY-
MM-DD), he in e na ional s anda d o ep esen ing da es and imes.
Le el
En ies
Numbe o s eam le el da a en ies a ailable be ween he “S a da e” and “End
da e”
S eam low
En ies
Numbe o s eam discha ge da a en ies a ailable be ween he “S a da e” and
“End da e”
P i acy
Indica es i he sou ce s eam low da a is classi ied o unclassi ied using he e ms
“Open” and “Res ic ed”. Unclassi ied is open o all use s by he CWC and ee
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o cha ge. In compa ison, he classi ied da a is es ic ed and p o ided only on
eques .
Sou ce
ca chmen
a ea
The ups eam ca chmen a ea o he gauge s a ion as pe he documen s o CWC.
Shape ile
ca chmen
a ea
The ups eam ca chmen a ea o he gauge s a ion, which was compu ed using he
shape ile de eloped and p o ided h ough he INDOFLOODS da abase.
A ea
a ia ion
The pe cen age o a ia ion be ween “Sou ce ca chmen a ea” and “Shape ile
ca chmen a ea”.
Shape ile
eliabili y
“Sa e” i he “A ea a ia ion” is less han 25 pe cen , and “Cau ion” i he “A ea
a ia ion” is mo e han 25 pe cen . Also, a shape ile is classi ied as “Cau ion” i
he “Sou ce ca chmen a ea” is una ailable.
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Table 2: Desc ip ion o lood-e en a iables con ibu ing o he da abase.
Va iable
Desc ip ion
E en ID
I is he unique ID co esponding o he lood e en in an ex ensible o ma
such as INDOFLOODS-gauge-118-10, whe e “INDOFLOODS-gauge-118”
is he gauge ID ( om me ada a) o he gauge s a ion whe e he espec i e
lood e en has been obse ed, and “10” is o he se ial numbe o he e en
a ha s a ion. This schema makes i lexible enough o inco po a e u u e
e en s and connec hem wi h me ada a and o he da ase s.
S a Da e
S a da e o he lood e en - when he low exceeds he looding h eshold
(wa ning le el). All da es con o m o ISO 8601 (YYYY-MM-DD), he
in e na ional s anda d o ep esen ing da es and imes.
End Da e
End da e o he lood e en - when he low d opped below he looding
h esholds (wa ning le el).
Peak lood
le el
Peak lood le el co esponding o ha e en .
Peak lood
le el Da e
The co esponding da e o occu ence o he “Peak lood le el”.
Numbe o
Peak lood
le el
The numbe o imes (days) he low has ouched he peak lood le el in he
same e en .
Peak
Discha ge
The magni ude o he peak discha ge co esponding o ha e en .
Peak
Discha ge
Da e
The co esponding da e o occu ence o he “Peak discha ge”.
Flood
Volume
The o al discha ge o he lood e en . I equals he sum o daily discha ge
o e all he days o a lood e en .
E en
Du a ion
The o al numbe o days he lood las ed.
2
Time o
peak
The o al numbe o days i ook o each he peak o lood le el om s a
ime.
Recession
ime
The o al numbe o days i ook om he peak o lood le el o end ime.
Flood ype
Speci ies whe he he e en is a ‘Flood’ o ‘Se e e Flood’. I he Peak lood
le el o he co esponding e en is abo e he “Dange le el,” i is a “Se e e
Flood”. O he wise, “Flood”.
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Table 3: Lis o ca chmen -scale a iables p o ided in he da abase.
Ca chmen
Cha ac e is ics
Desc ip ion
Re e ence
Geomo phology
S eam o de
(SO)
S ahle s eam o de , nume ical measu e o
i e ’s b anching complexi y
(S ahle , 1952)
D ainage a ea
(DA)
The su ace a ea o he ca chmen
Ca chmen
magni ude
(CM)
The numbe o i s o de s eams
(Mel on, 1957)
Maximal low
leng h (MFL)
he leng h along he longes wa e cou se
om he mou h o he head o he channel
(Muelle , 1968)
Down alley
leng h (DVL)
The s aigh dis ance om he i e cell o
in e es o he basin mou h
(Muelle , 1968)
Ca chmen
elie (CR)
The ele a ion di e ence be ween he highes
poin on he d ainage di ide and he mou h
(Cos a, 1987)
Ca chmen
leng h (CL)
The maximal leng h o he line om a basin
mou h o a poin on he pe ime e equidis an
om he basin mou h in ei he di ec ion
a ound he pe ime e
(G ego y & Walling, 1968)
Ca chmen
pe ime e (CP)
The leng h o ou e bounda y o he
wa e shed ha enclosed i s a ea
(Schumm, 1956)
Sinuosi y index
(SI)
SI = MFL/DVL
(Wolman & Mille , 1960)
Fo m ac o
(FF)
FF = DA/CL2
(Ho on, 1945)
Relie a io
(RR)
RR = CR/CL
(Schumm, 1956)
2
Elonga ion a io
(ER)
ER = 2/(CL x (DA/𝜋)0.5)
(Schumm, 1956)
Ci cula i y a io
(CR)
CR = 4 𝜋DA/CP2
(Mille & Summe son,
1960)
Lemnisca es
alue (LV)
LV = CL2/DA
(Cho ley, 1957)
D ainage
ex u e (DT)
DT = To al numbe o s eams o all
o de /CP
(Ho on, 1945)
D ainage
densi y (DD)
DD = To al leng h o s eams o all
o de s/DA
(Ho on, 1945)
Compac ness
coe icien
(CC)
CC = 0.2841 (CP/DA0.5)
(G a elius, 1914)
Wande ing
a io (WR)
MFL/CL
(Sma & Su kan, 1967)
Fi ness a io
(FR)
MFL/CP
(Mel on, 1957)
Channel
equency (CF)
CF = To al numbe o s eams o all
o de s/DA
(Ho on, 1932)
D ainage
in ensi y (DI)
CF/DD
(Fani an, 1968)
In il a ion
numbe (IN)
CF x DD
(Fani an, 1968)
Ruggedness
numbe (RN)
CR x DD
(S ahle , 1964)
No. o s eams
by o de
Numbe o i s , second, hi d ou h, i h,
six h, se en h, and eigh h-o de s eams in
he ca chmen .
(Ho on, 1945)
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To al leng h o
s eams by
o de (SL)
To al leng h o i s , second, hi d, ou h,
i h, six h, se en h, and eigh h-o de s eams
in he ca chmen .
(Ho on, 1945)
Mean leng h o
s eams by
o de (MSL)
Mean leng h o i s , second, hi d, ou h,
i h, six h, se en h, and eigh h-o de s eams
in he ca chmen .
(S ahle , 1964)
S eam leng h
a io (SLR)
Ra io be ween he o al leng h o s eams o a
gi en o de o he numbe o s eams o he
nex highe o de .
(Ho on, 1945)
Bi u ca ion
a io (BR)
Ra io be ween he numbe o s eams o a
gi en o de o he numbe o s eams o he
nex highe o de .
(Schumm, 1956)
Clima ological
Annual mean
empe a u e
(Bio1)
The annual mean empe a u e
(Fick & Hijmans, 2017)
Mean diu nal
ange (Bio2)
The mean o he mon hly empe a u e anges
(mon hly maximum minus mon hly
minimum)
Iso he mali y
(Bio3)
Iso he mali y quan i ies how la ge he day-
o-nigh empe a u es oscilla e ela i e o he
summe - o-win e (annual) oscilla ions.
Bio3= (Bio2/Bio7)x100
Tempe a u e
seasonali y
(Bio4)
The amoun o empe a u e a ia ion o e a
gi en yea (o a e aged yea s) based on he
s anda d de ia ion ( a ia ion) o mon hly
empe a u e a e ages.
Maximum
empe a u e o
The maximum mon hly empe a u e
occu ence o e a gi en yea ( ime-se ies) o
a e aged span o yea s (no mal).
4
wa mes mon h
(Bio5)
Minimum
empe a u e o
coldes mon h
(Bio6)
The minimum mon hly empe a u e
occu ence o e a gi en yea ( ime-se ies) o
a e aged span o yea s (no mal).
Tempe a u e
annual ange
(Bio7)
A measu e o empe a u e a ia ion o e a
gi en pe iod. Bio7=Bio5-Bio6
Mean
empe a u e o
we es Qua e
(Bio8)
This qua e ly index app oxima es mean
empe a u es ha p e ail du ing he we es
season.
Mean
empe a u e o
d ies qua e
(Bio9)
This qua e ly index app oxima es mean
empe a u es ha p e ail du ing he d ies
qua e .
Mean
empe a u e o
wa mes qua e
(Bio10)
This qua e ly index app oxima es mean
empe a u es ha p e ail du ing he wa mes
qua e .
Mean
empe a u e o
coldes qua e
(Bio11)
This qua e ly index app oxima es mean
empe a u es ha p e ail du ing he coldes
qua e .
Annual
p ecipi a ion
(Bio12)
This is he sum o all o al mon hly
p ecipi a ion alues.
P ecipi a ion o
we es mon h
(Bio13)
This index iden i ies he o al p ecipi a ion
ha p e ails du ing he we es mon h.
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