Adaptive natural resource management as a driver of sustainable economic development in Ukraine: Challenges and opportunities

Kozak, Ludmila; Danchuk, Ma iia
A icle
Adap i e na u al esou ce managemen as a d i e o
sus ainable economic de elopmen in Uk aine: Challenges
and oppo uni ies
Uni e si y Economic Bulle in
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
H yho ii Sko o oda Uni e si y in Pe eiasla
Sugges ed Ci a ion: Kozak, Ludmila; Danchuk, Ma iia (2024) : Adap i e na u al esou ce managemen
as a d i e o sus ainable economic de elopmen in Uk aine: Challenges and oppo uni ies,
Uni e si y Economic Bulle in, ISSN 2414-3774, H yho ii Sko o oda Uni e si y in Pe eiasla ,
Pe eiasla , Uk aine, Vol. 19, Iss. 2, pp. 8-21,
h ps://doi.o g/10.69587/ueb/2.2024.08
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Uni e si y Economic Bulle inUni e si y Economic Bulle in
UDC 504.06:338.24
Adap i e na u al esou ce managemen as a d i e o sus ainable
economic de elopmen in Uk aine: Challenges and oppo uni ies
Ludmila Kozak*
PhD in Economics, P o esso
Na ional T anspo Uni e si y
01010, 1 M. Omeliano ych-Pa lenko S ., Kyi , Uk aine
h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-3995-172X
Ma iia Danchuk
PhD in Economics, Associa ed P o esso
Na ional T anspo Uni e si y
01010, 1 M. Omeliano ych-Pa lenko S ., Kyi , Uk aine
h ps://o cid.o g/0009-0007-3033-3227
Sugges ed Ci a ion:
Kozak, L., & Danchuk, M. (2024). Adap i e na u al esou ce managemen as a d i e o sus ainable economic de elopmen in Uk aine:
Challenges and oppo uni ies. Uni e si y Economic Bulle in, 19(2), 8-21. doi: 10.69587/ueb/2.2024.08.
*Co esponding au ho
Abs ac . The s udy aimed o analyse he impac o adap i e na u al esou ce managemen on he sus ainable economic
de elopmen o Uk aine. Speci ically, i ocused on he challenges he coun y aces in adap ing o changing en i onmen al
condi ions and he s a egies needed o o e come hese ba ie s o ensu e e icien esou ce u ilisa ion. The esea ch
explo ed he ole o adap i e managemen in add essing c i ical issues such as na u al esou ce deple ion, en i onmen al
deg ada ion, and clima e change, all o which signi ican ly in luence Uk aine’s economic s abili y. Key challenges examined
included wa e pollu ion, soil deg ada ion, a mosphe ic pollu an emissions, and he en i onmen al consequences o
wa . The analysis highligh ed he po en ial o adap i e managemen o enhance he coun y’s economic compe i i eness,
imp o e esou ce e iciency, and os e in es men in he “g een” economy. The s udy iden i ied signi ican ba ie s o he
e ec i e implemen a ion o adap i e s a egies, including insu icien da a o en i onmen al moni o ing, an ou da ed
egula o y amewo k, and limi ed in ol emen o communi ies and businesses in managemen p ocesses. S a is ical da a
on wa e pollu ion, pollu an emissions, deg aded land, and he en i onmen al impac o wa p o ided a basis o assessing
he cu en si ua ion. The indings also e ealed oppo uni ies o add ess hese issues h ough inno a i e echnologies,
legisla i e imp o emen s, and he de elopmen o inancial mechanisms, such as “g een” bonds and g an s. The conclusions
emphasised ha achie ing sus ainable economic de elopmen in Uk aine equi es ins i u ional e o ms, enhanced
moni o ing sys ems, and inc eased in es men in en i onmen al p ojec s. Fu he mo e, in e na ional coope a ion and he
p omo ion o educa ional ini ia i es we e iden i ied as essen ial componen s o ad ancing sus ainable de elopmen goals
Keywo ds: ecological sus ainabili y; en i onmen al policy; na ional secu i y; managemen s a egies; ecosys em se ices
Copy igh © The Au ho (s). This is an open access a icle dis ibu ed unde he e ms o he
C ea i e Commons A ibu ion License 4.0 (h ps://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/)
Vol. 19, No. 2,2024
Jou nal homepage: h ps://ue-bulle in.com.ua/en
Recei ed: 15.08.2024. Re ised: 31.10.2024. Accep ed: 12.12.2024
DOI: 10.69587/ueb/2.2024.08
INTRODUCTIONS
Adap i e managemen o na u al esou ces is a c i ical
componen o sus ainable economic de elopmen in
Uk aine, pa icula ly in he con ex o clima e change,
en i onmen al c ises, and high le els o na u al e-
sou ce exploi a ion. The challenge o ensu ing he a-
ional use o na u al esou ces has become inc easingly
u gen in ligh o global phenomena such as esou ce
deple ion, ecosys em deg ada ion, biodi e si y loss, and
en i onmen al pollu ion. Fo Uk aine, his issue holds
special signi icance due o he coun y’s abundan na u-
al esou ces, which, despi e hei po en ial, a e subjec
o ine icien use, leading o se e e en i onmen al and
economic challenges. Adap i e managemen , cha ac-
e ised by lexible and dynam ic app oaches o planning
and esou ce u ilisa ion, o e s a p omising solu ion o
add ess hese p essing issues.
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Kozak & Danchuk
9
c i ical impo ance o syne gy be ween economic and en-
i onmen al ini ia i es o d i e sus ainable indus ial de-
elopmen . C.Işık e al.(2024) explo ed he in luence o
En i onmen al, Social, and Co po a e Go e nance (ESG)
ac o s on economic g ow h in Eas and Sou h Asia. Thei
esea ch highligh s how ESG conside a ions can suppo
sus ainable de elopmen in egions whe e apid economic
g ow h is o en accompanied by signi ican en i onmen al
and social challenges.
An impo an gap in exis ing esea ch is he lack o
comp ehensi e s udies ha add ess he local cha ac e is ics
o Uk aine. This includes he impac o wa on ecosys ems
and na u al esou ces, he u gen need o in as uc u e
es o a ion, he adap a ion o legisla ion, and he ac i e
in ol emen o communi ies in managemen p ocesses.
These ac o s p esen unique and e ol ing challenges ha
ha e no ye been su icien ly s udied.
Thus, he aim o his s udy was o e alua e how adap-
i e na u al esou ce managemen can con ibu e o sus-
ainable economic de elopmen in Uk aine. I p o ided a
comp ehensi e analysis o cu en challenges and ba i-
e s o he e ec i e u ilisa ion o na u al esou ces, while
explo ing p ospec s o implemen ing adap i e manage-
men app oaches. The s udy emphasised he impo ance o
s eng hening ins i u ional and inancial sys ems, os e ing
he in eg a ion o local communi ies and businesses, and
le e aging inno a i e echnologies o enhance esou ce e -
iciency and sus ainabili y in Uk aine.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The s udy ocused on analysing he adap i e managemen
o na u al esou ces in Uk aine and e alua ing i s econom-
ic e iciency. The me hodological app oach employed a
comp ehensi e analysis ha in eg a ed he examina ion o
in e na ional expe ience wi h an assessmen o he cu en
si ua ion in Uk aine. The esea ch was g ounded in he anal-
ysis o s a is ical da a and he compa ison o in e na ional
p ac ices. O icial da a om he S a e S a is ics Se ice o
Uk aine (2023) se ed as he p ima y sou ce o in o ma ion.
A e iew o scien i ic li e a u e enabled he iden i ica ion o
key p inciples and cha ac e is ics o adap i e managemen .
These include lexibili y, he capaci y o espond p omp ly o
changes, and he inco po a ion o inno a i e echnologies.
Sys ema ic and p oblem analysis was conduc ed o
ou line he key challenges associa ed wi h implemen -
ing adap i e app oaches in na u al esou ce manage-
men . The unde lying causes o hese challenges we e
iden i ied, and hei po en ial ecological and economic
consequences o he s a e we e p edic ed. Fac o isk
analysis was employed o e alua e he isks and ba i-
e s o implemen ing adap i e managemen . This me h-
od acili a ed he iden i ica ion o c i ical issues, includ-
ing la en ac o s in luencing da a a iables, and allowed
o an assessmen o bo h ex e nal and in e nal ac o s
impac ing he e ec i eness o adap i e managemen .
A mul i ac o analysis was used o examine he impac
o adap i e managemen on economic de elopmen . This
A subs an ial body o esea ch exis s on adap i e man-
agemen o na u al esou ces, p edominan ly ocusing on he
heo e ical p inciples and gene al aspec s o his app oach.
Fo ins ance, J.F ansene al.(2024) explo ed he applica-
ion o adap i e managemen in he Ma ha e dis ic o Nai-
obi du ing he COVID-19 pandemic. Thei s udy analysed
how local o ganisa ions enhanced communi y esilience
h ough ini ia i es a ge ing he mos ulne able popula-
ions du ing c ises. The au ho s highligh ed he pi o al ole
o ci izen engagemen and collec i e ac ion in mi iga ing
he ad e se impac s o global disas e s. In a ela ed con ex ,
W.Wange al.(2024) examined he in e play be ween g een
policies and inancial de elopmen in he G7 coun ies.
Thei esea ch assessed how en i onmen al egula ions can
d i e economic g ow h by os e ing g een de elopmen .
Pa icula a en ion was gi en o how en i onmen al ini i-
a i es a ac in es men s and s eng hen inancial s abili y,
aspec s c ucial o economies s i ing owa d sus ainabili y.
The ela ionship be ween enewable ene gy and na u-
al esou ce conse a ion in de eloping coun ies was ana-
lysed by H.Zhange al.(2024), who emphasised he c i ical
ole o enewable ene gy sou ces in p omo ing sus ainable
de elopmen and conse ing na u al esou ces. Thei s udy
demons a ed ha he e icien u ilisa ion o enewable
esou ces is essen ial o imp o ing en i onmen al condi-
ions, pa icula ly in na ions wi h limi ed na u al esou ce
a ailabili y. M.Islam & D.Chadee(2024) in es iga ed he
adap i e managemen o global supply chains and i s in lu-
ence on he esilience o supplie s in de eloping coun ies
du ing ex e nal shocks, such as economic c ises and na u-
al disas e s. Thei esea ch p oposed an adap i e manage-
men model designed o main ain supplie e iciency unde
challenging condi ions, he eby enhancing he o e all esil-
ience o global supply chains.
The e iciency o na u al esou ce u ilisa ion and he
ad ancemen o g een economies in BRICS coun ies we e
s udied by L.Fan & D.Wang(2024). Thei esea ch ocused
on ecen inno a ions in clean ene gy and globalisa ion,
highligh ing hei con ibu ions o economic g ow h and
he educ ion o g eenhouse gas emissions. The s udy un-
de sco ed he impo ance o in e na ional collabo a ion
and echnological ad ancemen s in ensu ing he sus aina-
ble use o na u al esou ces. Fu he , Z.Ga gash & S.Sade-
ghi (2024) analysed he e ec s o a ious managemen
s a egies on soil quali y, wa e esou ces, and he o e all
ecological s a us o wa e sheds. Thei esul s demons a -
ed ha adap i e managemen app oaches, cha ac e ised
by lexibili y and esponsi eness o ecosys em changes, o -
e ed signi ican ad an ages o e adi ional managemen
p ac ices. Speci ically, adap i e managemen was associa -
ed wi h imp o emen s in wa e quali y, educ ions in soil
e osion, and inc eases in biodi e si y in he a eas s udied.
T. Demianenko (2023) in es iga ed mechanisms o
p omo e he sus ainable de elopmen o indus ial en-
e p ises in Uk aine, p oposing models ha in eg a e
en i onmen al and economic dimensions o achie ing
sus ainable indus ial g ow h. The s udy unde sco es he
Adap i e na u al esou ce managemen as a d i e ...
Uni e si y Economic Bulle in | Vol. 19, No. 2
10
analysis assessed he ela ionship be ween he adop ion
o adap i e s a egies and imp o emen s in he economic
p oduc i i y o a ious egions. I enabled he iden i ica-
ion o in luencing ac o s and p o ided a basis o p edic -
ing managemen ou comes o suppo social and economic
g ow h and sus ainable de elopmen . Examples o adap-
i e managemen implemen a ion in di e en coun ies,
including Uk aine, Sweden, No way, and Canada, we e
analysed. The indings highligh ed nume ous bene i s o
adap i e managemen , pa icula ly i s ole in he e icien
u ilisa ion and p ese a ion o na u al esou ces.
The s udy examined he impac o inno a i e echnolo-
gies on he e ec i eness o adap i e managemen o na u al
esou ces. The po en ial applica ions o sa elli e moni o ing,
geog aphic in o ma ion sys ems (GIS), he In e ne o Things
(IoT), and Big Da a o collec ing and p ocessing in o ma ion
on he s a e o na u al esou ces we e explo ed. Thei ole in
moni o ing changes in soils, wa e esou ces, and o es s was
analysed, alongside he po en ial o p edic ing isks and
de eloping op imal managemen solu ions using a i icial
in elligence. P edic i e me hods we e employed o de e -
mine he p ospec s and p ima y di ec ions o implemen -
ing adap i e managemen o na u al esou ces in Uk aine.
Da a sys ema isa ion and p ocessing we e conduc ed
using SPSS and Excel so wa e ools, enabling he analysis
o key ends, iden i ica ion o co ela ions among a ious
indica o s, and assessmen o he impac o adap i e man-
agemen on na u al esou ce sus ainabili y. The analysis
inco po a ed bo h quan i a i e and quali a i e aspec s, en-
su ing a comp ehensi e app oach o he s udy.
RESULTS
Theo e ical ounda ions o adap i e na u al
esou ce managemen
Adap i e managemen o na u al esou ces is a concep
cen ed on a lexible and dynamic app oach o deci-
sion-making wi hin he inhe en unce ain y o na u al
ecosys ems. This app oach in ol es con inuous moni-
o ing o esou ce condi ions and he imely adjus men
o managemen s a egies in esponse o new da a and
ex e nal changes. In scien i ic li e a u e, adap i e man-
agemen is o en desc ibed as a “lea ning-by-doing p o-
cess” aimed a mi iga ing en i onmen al deg ada ion
isks while ensu ing sus ainable esou ce use. I s de in-
ing ea u e is he in eg a ion o scien i ic knowledge,
managemen p ac ices, and eedback o enable con inu-
ous imp o emen o decisions (Fe nandes e al., 2021).
A key p inciple o adap i e managemen is lexibili y,
which allows o apid esponses o changes in ecosys em
and esou ce condi ions – an essen ial capabili y in he ace o
global unce ain ies, such as hose posed by clima e change.
In eg a i eness e e s o he coo dina ed in e ac ion among
a ious sec o s – economic, social, and en i onmen al –
and ac oss go e nance le els: na ional, egional, and local.
A ocus on he long- e m pe spec i e ensu es ha he needs
o u u e gene a ions a e conside ed in alignmen wi h
sus ainable de elopmen goals. The in ol emen o s ake-
holde s, including communi ies, businesses, scien is s, and
go e nmen en i ies, is ano he c i ical elemen , enhancing
he e ec i eness o managemen measu es. Finally, con in-
uous moni o ing o esou ce condi ions and a obus eed-
back loop enable he e inemen o s a egies in esponse
o eme ging challenges and he ou comes o p io ac ions.
Adap i e managemen plays a c ucial ole in ad ancing
he global Sus ainable De elopmen Goals (SDGs). Unde
SDG13 (Clima e Ac ion), adap i e managemen enables
apid esponses o changing clima e condi ions, mi iga ing
nega i e impac s on ecosys ems and human communi ies.
Key s a egies include implemen ing sus ainable na u al
esou ce managemen p ac ices, de eloping inno a i e
echnologies o educe g eenhouse gas emissions, and im-
p o ing ene gy e iciency. In he con ex o SDG15 (Li e
on Land), adap i e managemen suppo s he es o a ion
and conse a ion o biodi e si y, p o ec s land om deg-
ada ion, and main ains heal hy ecosys ems. These e o s
a e ounda ional o ensu ing ood secu i y and enhancing
he esilience o local communi ies. Adap i e managemen
elies on con inuous ecosys em moni o ing, using collec -
ed da a o e ine managemen policies and p ac ices. This
dynamic app oach helps sa egua d na u al esou ces o
u u e gene a ions (In e go e nmen al Panel on…,2014;
Food and Ag icul u e…,2019).
Communi y engagemen and he inco po a ion o
adi ional knowledge a e in eg al o p omo ing social
jus ice and educing inequali ies in esou ce access. Adap-
i e managemen os e s equi able esou ce dis ibu ion,
educing social dispa i ies and con ibu ing o sus aina-
ble de elopmen . In eg a ing adi ional knowledge in o
mode n na u al esou ce managemen echniques no
only suppo s ecological balance bu also s eng hens he
sus ainabili y o local li elihoods, educing ulne abili y o
en i onmen al and social c ises.
Mode n challenges in na u al esou ce managemen
Mode n challenges in na u al esou ce managemen a ise
om a combina ion o global and local ac o s ha signi -
ican ly impac ecosys ems and he na u al en i onmen .
These ac o s gene a e new h ea s o sus ainable de elop-
men and unde sco e he need o in eg a ed app oaches o
add essing en i onmen al issues. Table 1 p esen s an o e -
iew o he key challenges in na u al esou ce managemen
along wi h hei en i onmen al and economic consequences.
Challenges Reasons Consequences Impac on he economy o he coun y
Resou ce
deple ion
O e -ex ac ion, demand
g ow h
Raw ma e ial sho age, ising
cos s, h ea o economic
s abili y
GDP decline esul ing om inc eased ene gy
impo cos s, ising ene gy p ices, and job losses in
he ex ac i e indus ies
Table 1. Key challenges in na u al esou ce managemen
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Kozak & Danchuk
11
a p ima y ac o in declining land p oduc i i y. Cu en ly,
o e 10million hec a es o a able land a e classi ied as de-
g aded. This di ec ly impac s na ional ood secu i y by e-
ducing bo h he quan i y and quali y o ag icul u al p od-
uc s. The Food and Ag icul u e O ganisa ion (Bélange
& Pilling,2019) epo ed ha soil e osion in Uk aine e-
sul s in he loss o 5-7million ons o e ile soil annually,
which diminishes c op yields and heigh ens dependence
on chemical e ilise s. The in ensi e and uncon olled use
o e ilise s and pes icides u he con ibu es o soil pol-
lu ion, exace ba ing he p oblem. Soil con amina ion by
chemicals is one o he mos se e e en i onmen al issues in
Eu ope, and he cos s associa ed wi h land emedia ion and
es o a ion a e subs an ial. Expe s es ima e ha Uk aine
loses up o 3% o i s GDP annually due o land deg ada ion,
ep esen ing a signi ican economic bu den o he coun y.
Wa e esou ce pollu ion in Uk aine is ano he c i ical
issue, wi h a - eaching implica ions o wa e quali y, ac-
cess o clean wa e , and economic s abili y. App oxima ely
20% o wa e esou ces a e a isk o con amina ion, p i-
ma ily due o ag icul u al ac i i ies, including he uno o
pes icides and chemical e ilise s. This no only deg ades
condi ions o i iga ion bu also inc eases he cos s o wa-
e pu i ica ion. Indus ial was e, ag o-indus ial uno ,
and u ban d ainage u he con ibu e o he pollu ion o
i e s and lakes in many egions. Wa e sca ci y, d i en by
ine icien use, adds o he p oblem. Pe capi a, Uk aine has
only abou 1,300cubic me e s o wa e a ailable annually–
signi ican ly below he Eu opean s anda d and he global
a e age o app oxima ely 2,500cubic me e s. Fu he mo e,
60% o Uk aine’s wa e esou ces a e pollu ed, ad e sely a -
ec ing public heal h and inc easing wa e ea men cos s
(S a e S a is ics Se ice…,2023).
The consequences o soil deg ada ion and en i onmen-
al pollu ion ha e signi ican social implica ions. In Uk aine,
he isk o ood c ises is ising due o he de e io a ion o
One o he p ima y challenges in na u al esou ce
managemen is he g owing demand o esou ces d i en
by demog aphic p essu e. The apid inc ease in he global
popula ion has led o heigh ened demand o ood, wa e ,
and ene gy, placing addi ional s ess on na u al esou ces,
pa icula ly in coun ies wi h high le els o u banisa ion
and in ensi e indus ial p oduc ion. This has esul ed in
he deple ion o na u al esou ces, especially non- enewa-
ble ones such as mine als, oil, and na u al gas. In Uk aine,
his issue is pa icula ly acu e ega ding he deple ion o
ene gy esou ce deposi s, such as coal, necessi a ing an u -
gen ansi ion o al e na i e ene gy sou ces. These p ocess-
es pose signi ican economic isks o coun ies elian on
he expo o impo o such esou ces. The sho age o aw
ma e ials leads o inc eased ex ac ion and p ocessing cos s.
An equally c i ical en i onmen al challenge is pollu-
ion, which mani es s in se e al majo o ms: was e dis-
posal and ecycling, pa icula ly o plas ics; anspo and
indus ial emissions in o he a mosphe e; and chemical
pollu ion o soils and wa e bodies. These ac o s no only
h ea en ecosys em heal h bu also esul in conside able
economic losses. Reduced ag icul u al p oduc i i y, is-
ing heal hca e cos s, and expenses o cleaning pollu ed
wa e esou ces a e di ec consequences o en i onmen al
deg ada ion. Man-made disas e s, along wi h ai and wa-
e pollu ion, can lead o economic losses by educing he
quali y o li e and labou p oduc i i y, as well as inc easing
expendi u es on ea ing diseases caused by pollu ion.
En i onmen al deg ada ion esul ing om he deple-
ion o na u al esou ces signi ican ly exace ba es chal-
lenges in Uk aine. One o he mos p essing issues is he
des uc ion o e ile soils due o e osion, in ensi e ag icul-
u al p ac ices, and he imp ope use o e ilise s. Acco d-
ing o he Minis y o Ag a ian Policy and Food o Uk aine
(S a e S a is ics Se ice…,2023), app oxima ely 40% o he
coun y’s ag icul u al land is a ec ed by e osion, making i
Challenges Reasons Consequences Impac on he economy o he coun y
En i onmen al
deg ada ion
Pollu ion,
o e exploi a ion o land
and wa e sys ems
P oduc i eness de e io a ion,
ecosys em des uc ion, h ea o
biodi e si y
Dec easing ag icul u al yields, inc eased cos s
o ecosys em es o a ion, and diminished expo
po en ial in he ag icul u al sec o
Clima e change
G eenhouse gases,
educ ion o na u al CO2
abso p ion capaci y
Tempe a u e inc ease, equen
ex eme wea he e en s,
educed yields, economic losses
Rising cos s o ag ochemical ea men s, declining
ag icul u al yields, inancial losses om na u al
disas e s ( loods and d ough s), and in as uc u e
de e io a ion
Popula ion
g ow h
Popula ion ou b eak,
u banisa ion g ow h
Inc easing p essu e on na u al
esou ces, demand g ow h o
ene gy, ood and wa e
Rising in as uc u e cos s, inc easing esou ce
sca ci y, economic ins abili y
En i onmen al
pollu ion
Indus ialisa ion, lack o
p ope was e p ocessing
Ecosys ems des uc ion,
pollu ion o wa e , ai and soil
Inc eased cos s o en i onmen al clean-up and
es o a ion, ising heal hca e cos s
Ine icien
esou ce
managemen
Insu icien planning,
co up ion, lack o
anspa en mechanisms
Une en esou ce dis ibu ion,
na u al a eas deg ada ion
In es men a ac i eness dec ease, inc eased isks
o economic losses, i a ional use o he budge
Mili a y ac ions A med con lic s, poli ical
ins abili y
In as uc u e des uc ion,
pollu ion, inabili y o use
na u al esou ces
Signi ican economic losses, ising eco e y cos s,
educed access o s a egic esou ces
No es: GDP – g oss domes ic p oduc
Sou ce: de eloped by he au ho s
Table 1. Con inued

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12
soil and wa e quali y, leading o a decline in s abili y wi hin
u al a eas. Since ag icul u e se es as he p ima y sou ce
o income o many u al amilies, land deg ada ion ex-
ace ba es po e y and in ensi ies social ensions in hese
communi ies. O e ime, he deple ion o a able land and
limi ed oppo uni ies o sus ainable ag icul u e may d i e
mig a ion om u al a eas o u ban cen es, u he agg a-
a ing issues o u banisa ion and o e popula ion in ci ies.
Uk aine also aces c i ical challenges conce ning i s
o es esou ces. Uncon olled de o es a ion and a sho -
age o o es esou ces diminish he ecosys em’s capaci y
o egula e he clima e, pu i y ai , and sus ain biodi e si-
y. Illegal logging is a pe sis en p oblem; acco ding o he
S a e Agency o Fo es Resou ces o Uk aine (2024а), his
ac i i y esul s in he annual loss o o e 10 million cubic
me e s o o es . Da a om he Food and Ag icul u e O -
ganisa ion (Bélange & Pilling,2019) indica e ha o es
co e in Uk aine is declining a an app oxima e a e o 1%
pe yea . I his end con inues, i will lead o subs an ial
biodi e si y loss and diminished ecological esilience. The
deg ada ion o o es ecosys ems has a compounding e -
ec , educing hei abili y o eco e and sus ainably sup-
po clima e egula ion and biodi e si y p ese a ion. The
lack o e ec i e measu es o con ol de o es a ion and
p omo e o es es o a ion h ea ens o inc ease g een-
house gas emissions while diminishing o es s’ capaci y o
seques e ca bon. This, in u n, accele a es he p og es-
sion o clima e change.
Clima e change is in ensi ying exis ing en i onmen-
al and economic challenges in Uk aine while in oducing
new h ea s. Rising a e age annual empe a u es, shi -
ing p ecipi a ion pa e ns, and he inc eased equency o
d ough s and loods a e signi ican ly impac ing ag icul u al
p oduc i i y, limi ing access o wa e esou ces, and heigh -
ening isks o in as uc u e. Acco ding o he UK’s Na ion-
al Me eo ological Se ice, a e age annual empe a u es in
Uk aine could ise by 1.4-3.1°C by 2050, su passing he glob-
al a e age a e o clima e change (Wilsone al.,2021). This
wa ming end will hea ily a ec ag icul u e, a co ne s one
o Uk aine’s economy, pa icula ly by educing c op yields.
The Na ional Ins i u e o S a egic S udies epo s ha
clima e change is al eady dec easing he yields o s aple
c ops such as whea , co n, and ba ley. Fo example, a se e e
d ough in sou he n Uk aine du ing 2020 led o a 30-40%
educ ion in co n yields, esul ing in economic losses o ap-
p oxima ely USD 3.5billion (Gusa o a,2020). Addi ional-
ly, clima e change is inc easing he equency and in ensi y
o loods in wes e n Uk aine, leading o signi ican eco-
nomic epe cussions. The 2020 loods in his egion caused
damage o in as uc u e and ag icul u e alued a o e
UAH2billion (S a e S a is ics Se ice…,2023).
Clima e change also acili a es he sp ead o pes s and
plan diseases, u he educing ag icul u al yields and in-
c easing c op p o ec ion cos s. Acco ding o he Minis y
o Ag a ian Policy and Food o Uk aine, he cos o ag o-
chemical ea men s could ise by 15-20% by 2030 due o
hese ac o s. This imposes addi ional economic bu dens
on a me s, pa icula ly in egions whe e ag icul u e con-
s i u es he p ima y sou ce o income. The con as ing
e ec s o d ough s in he sou h and loods in he wes o
Uk aine exace ba e economic losses and deepen egional
dispa i ies, leading o g ea e economic and social imbal-
ances. Gi en ha ag icul u e con ibu es app oxima e-
ly 10% o Uk aine’s GDP, he ongoing impac s o clima e
change pose a subs an ial h ea o he coun y’s economic
s abili y (S a e S a is ics Se ice…,2023).
The wa in Uk aine has led o p o ound social and
economic consequences ha di ec ly impac na u al e-
sou ce managemen and he coun y’s sus ainable de elop-
men . Acco ding o he Kyi School o Economics (2022),
Uk aine’s economic losses om he wa in 2022 exceeded
USD 600billion. Es ima es indica e ha he coun y’s GDP
in 2023 dec eased by 35-40% compa ed o 2021, signi i-
can ly a ec ing all sec o s, pa icula ly ag icul u e, which
adi ionally con ibu ed a ound 10% o GDP. This loss o
economic s abili y hinde s he implemen a ion o adap i e
na u al esou ce managemen s a egies, as insu icien i-
nancial esou ces make i challenging o pu sue en i on-
men al ini ia i es and ensu e sus ainable de elopmen .
Hos ili ies and occupa ion in eas e n and sou he n
Uk aine ha e esul ed in he loss o app oxima ely 25%
o ag icul u al land. This has signi ican ly dis up ed ood
p oduc ion; o ins ance, g ain ou pu in 2022 ell by 37%,
acco ding o he Uk ainian Ag ibusiness Club(2023). Ris-
ing domes ic ood p ices ha e u he limi ed access o
basic ood p oduc s, unde sco ing he u gency o de el-
oping adap i e na u al esou ce managemen s a egies o
add ess shi s in p oduc ion and consump ion pa e ns.
Fu he mo e, en i onmen al damage caused by he wa is
es ima ed o exceed USD 10billion, including wa e pollu-
ion om explosions and in as uc u e des uc ion.
Mo e han 1,200 cases o en i onmen al pollu ion e-
sul ing om mili a y ac ions ha e been documen ed, sig-
ni ican ly deg ading he quali y o wa e and soils. Res o -
ing ecosys ems a ec ed by he wa will equi e he adop ion
o new en i onmen al s anda ds and managemen s a e-
gies o ensu e sus ainable pos -wa de elopmen . The wa
has also igge ed subs an ial popula ion displacemen .
Acco ding o he Uni ed Na ions High Commissione o
Re ugees, mo e han 8 million people ha e been in e nally
displaced, and app oxima ely 7.8million Uk ainians ha e
le he coun y (Abou 1.5% on…,2024). This la ge-scale
mo emen poses addi ional challenges o na u al e-
sou ce managemen in hos egions. Local communi ies
mus add ess inc eased demand o esou ces and se ic-
es, equi ing he adap a ion o exis ing managemen mod-
els. E ec i e adap i e app oaches mus accoun o hese
changes, p o iding suppo o displaced popula ions and
hos communi ies alike.
Pos -wa econs uc ion in Uk aine will equi e sub-
s an ial in es men , wi h es ima es sugges ing ha ap-
p oxima ely USD 38billion will be needed o es o e in-
as uc u e and ecosys ems in he coming yea s (Uk aine
apid assessmen …, 2023). The in eg a ion o inno a i e
Uni e si y Economic Bulle in | Vol. 19, No. 2
Kozak & Danchuk
13
echnologies in o he ag icul u al sec o , alongside he im-
plemen a ion o en i onmen al egula ions, will be essen-
ial o minimising he nega i e impac on na u al esou c-
es. Adap i e na u al esou ce managemen should se e as
a co ne s one o eco e y e o s, ensu ing he alignmen o
economic, social, and en i onmen al p io i ies.
Howe e , ine ec i e policy and esou ce managemen
pose signi ican challenges. The absence o obus mech-
anisms o egula ing esou ce use, coupled wi h co up-
ion in en i onmen al go e nance and con lic s o in e es
among public, p i a e, and go e nmen al sec o s, unde -
mines e o s owa d sus ainable esou ce managemen .
These issues exace ba e en i onmen al deg ada ion, esul
in ine icien esou ce u ilisa ion, and lead o economic
losses ha a e ul ima ely bo ne by s a e and local budge s.
Uk aine’s na u al esou ce managemen sys em aces mul-
iple challenges, including clima e change, en i onmen al
deg ada ion, and economic ins abili y. Add essing hese
equi es he de elopmen and implemen a ion o comp e-
hensi e and adap i e s a egies ha p omo e sus ainable
de elopmen . E ec i e managemen p ac ices mus p io -
i ise ecosys em p ese a ion and esilience, while simul a-
neously bols e ing economic s abili y.
Economic impac o adap i e na u al
esou ce managemen
Adap i e managemen o na u al esou ces has a subs an-
ial economic impac , op imising esou ce u ilisa ion, en-
hancing economic compe i i eness, and a ac ing in es -
men s in he “g een” economy. One o he p ima y bene i s
o adap i e managemen is he e icien use o esou ces,
which no only educes cos s bu also ensu es he p ese a-
ion o esou ces o u u e gene a ions. In Uk aine, whe e
wa e sca ci y is a p essing issue, adap i e managemen can
acili a e a mo e equi able dis ibu ion o wa e ac oss e-
gions and economic sec o s. This app oach helps p e en
c isis si ua ions du ing d y pe iods and d ough s, mi iga ing
economic losses caused by na u al disas e s and imp o ing
wa e a ailabili y o ag icul u e and indus ial en e p ises.
A key componen o adap i e managemen is he in e-
g a ion o inno a i e echnologies o boos p oduc i i y in
ag icul u e and indus y. Fo ins ance, implemen ing p e-
cision ag icul u e sys ems in Uk aine, such as soil mois u e
moni o ing and au oma ed i iga ion echnologies, can
signi ican ly educe wa e and e ilise use. Expe s es i-
ma e ha adop ing hese echnologies could lowe i iga-
ion cos s by 20-30% and imp o e c op yields by 15-20%
(Kononenkoe al.,2024). This no only educes p oduc ion
cos s o ag icul u al p oduce s bu also enhances hei
compe i i eness in bo h domes ic and in e na ional ma -
ke s. Adap i e managemen also os e s cos educ ions in
indus y. Fo example, mode nising he mal powe plan s
wi h ene gy-e icien echnologies has esul ed in a 10-15%
educ ion in ene gy consump ion, posi i ely a ec ing o e -
all p oduc ion cos s (Kononenkoe al.,2024).
Adap i e managemen plays a c i ical ole in a ac ing
in es men s in he “g een” economy. Uk aine is expe iencing
signi ican g ow h in ene gy p ojec s ocused on enewable
ene gy sou ces. In e na ional assis ance p og ams, such as
Ho izon Eu ope(2020), p o ide inancial suppo o ini i-
a i es in enewable ene gy and ene gy e iciency. As a esul ,
Uk aine is implemen ing p ojec s ha educe eliance on
ossil uels and lowe g eenhouse gas emissions. Fo in-
s ance, in 2021, o e 300MW o enewable ene gy capaci y
was b ough online, con ibu ing o educed ene gy cos s
and imp o ed en i onmen al condi ions (Konechenk-
o ,2022). Such in es men s no only cu ene gy expenses
bu also gene a e new jobs, posi i ely in luencing he eco-
nomic condi ions o a ious egions.
Adap i e managemen also helps mi iga e economic
isks associa ed wi h he ine icien use o na u al esou c-
es. In Uk aine, one o he p ima y h ea s is wa e esou ce
sca ci y in sou he n egions, which poses signi ican isks
o ag icul u al p oduc i i y and economic s abili y. Imple-
men ing adap i e wa e esou ce managemen s a egies
enables he op imisa ion o wa e usage, minimises losses,
and p e en s sho ages du ing c i ical pe iods. A key ele-
men o adap i e managemen is con inuous moni o ing
and con ol o esou ce u ilisa ion. This allows o imely
esponses o luc ua ions in supply and demand, signi i-
can ly educing economic losses caused by he ine icien
use o wa e , land, and ene gy. Mo eo e , i helps a oid ex-
cessi e en i onmen al pollu ion.
Th ough adap i e managemen , Uk aine can u he
in eg a e i s economy in o he in e na ional en i onmen-
al and economic amewo k. The implemen a ion o in-
e na ional en i onmen al ag eemen s, such as he Pa is
Ag eemen on Clima e Change, necessi a es he adop ion
o e ec i e mechanisms o managing na u al esou ces.
These include deploying ene gy-e icien echnologies, ex-
panding he use o enewable ene gy sou ces, and educ-
ing g eenhouse gas emissions. Pa icipa ion in global ini-
ia i es, such as he Ho izon Eu ope p og am and “G een
Bonds”, enables Uk aine o secu e inancing o he de el-
opmen o sus ainable echnologies. These in es men s no
only mi iga e economic isks bu also enhance he coun y’s
en i onmen al pe o mance. The adop ion o such ini ia-
i es p omo es he mode nisa ion o p oduc ion acili ies,
imp o es ene gy e iciency, and educes dependence on
impo ed ene gy sou ces, he eby s eng hening Uk aine’s
economic s abili y. Table2 summa ises he economic im-
pac s o adap i e na u al esou ce managemen .
Ca ego y Economic impac Managemen esul
E icien use o esou ces Reducing cos s o wa e use, land use, ene gy
consump ion; inc easing p oduc i i y
Op imisa ion o wa e supply in ag icul u e,
educ ion o ene gy cos s h ough
ene gy-e icien echnologies
Table 2. Economic impac o adap i e na u al esou ce managemen
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Ca ego y Economic impac Managemen esul
Inc easing compe i i eness Reducing p oduc ion cos s, imp o ing
inno a ion, inc easing expo s
Mode nisa ion o en e p ises, in oduc ion
o “g een” echnologies in o p oduc ion
In es men p omo ion
A ac ing inancing o sus ainable de elopmen ,
inc easing in es men in enewable ene gy
and en i onmen ally iendly p ojec s
Using g een bonds o inance enewable ene gy
P e en ion o na u al and
man-made disas e s
Reducing economic losses due o na u al
and man-made disas e s, educing in as uc u e
es o a ion cos s
Implemen a ion o ea ly wa ning sys ems,
mode nisa ion o in as uc u e o inc ease
disas e esilience
Reducing dependence on
impo ed esou ces
Reducing cos s o impo ing ene gy esou ces
and aw ma e ials, inc easing he coun y’s
ene gy and esou ce secu i y
De elopmen o domes ic ene gy sou ces, use
o enewable ene gy sou ces, e icien wa e use
Social and economic sec o Inc easing social s abili y h ough he c ea ion
o new jobs and educing social cos s
C ea ing “g een” wo k places, inancing p ojec s
in ag icul u e, in es ing in educa ion and science
Sus ainable economic
de elopmen
Inc easing economic s abili y h ough sus ainable
esou ce use, p ese ing ecosys ems and
imp o ing he en i onmen al si ua ion
In es men s in sus ainable de elopmen ,
use o enewable esou ces,
long- e m sus ainable de elopmen policy
Table 2. Con inued
Sou ce: de eloped by he au ho s
Adap i e managemen o na u al esou ces is a i al
ool o a coun y’s economic de elopmen , p omo ing
he a ional use o esou ces and mi iga ing en i onmen-
al isks. I elies on con inuous moni o ing o ecosys em
condi ions, analysis o he collec ed da a, and apid ad-
jus men s o managemen decisions. This app oach en-
ables eal- ime conside a ion o changes in ecosys ems,
op imising he cos s associa ed wi h hei p ese a ion
and es o a ion. The e iciency o na u al esou ce u ili-
sa ion imp o es wi h he in eg a ion o inno a i e ech-
nologies and lexible managemen p ac ices, which helps
educe esou ce deple ion. Addi ionally, adap i e man-
agemen minimises he expenses linked o he impac s
o na u al disas e s and en i onmen al deg ada ion. The
economic bene i s a e e iden in inc eased p o i abili y in
esou ce-dependen sec o s such as ag icul u e and o -
es y. Adap i e managemen also acili a es in es men in
he “g een” economy and os e s he de elopmen o sus-
ainable business models. By educing eliance on esou ce
impo s, i s eng hens he coun y’s economic and ene -
gy secu i y. In summa y, adap i e managemen o na u al
esou ces has a p o ound economic impac , ensu ing he
a ional use o esou ces and educing en i onmen al isks.
Examples o adap i e na u al esou ce managemen
Adap i e na u al esou ce managemen in Uk aine is s ill
in i s ea ly s ages, bu pilo p ojec s al eady implemen ed
demons a e he e ec i eness o his app oach. One no-
able example is he “In eg a ed Wa e Resou ces Man-
agemen in Dnip o Ri e Basin” p ojec , suppo ed by
he Uni ed Na ions De elopmen P og am (UNDP). This
ini ia i e applied in eg a ed s a egies o wa e esou ces
managemen , including wa e quali y moni o ing, commu-
ni y in ol emen , and he use o inno a i e ea men ech-
nologies. The esul s showed subs an ial imp o emen s in
wa e esou ce managemen , pa icula ly in educing wa-
e pollu ion le els. Th ough he implemen a ion o wa e
quali y moni o ing and was ewa e ea men sys ems, he
concen a ions o hea y me als, such as lead and me cu-
y, in he Dnip o Ri e dec eased by 18-22% compa ed o
ini ial le els. Addi ionally, he p ojec achie ed a 15-20%
educ ion in o ganic pollu an s, as measu ed by biological
oxygen demand (UNDP,2024).
Ano he signi ican achie emen was he imp o ed ac-
cess o high-quali y d inking wa e . Mode nisa ion o wa e
ea men sys ems and he cons uc ion o new ea men
plan s p o ided o e 500,000 esiden s in a ious egions o
he Dnip o basin wi h access o cleane and sa e wa e . The
in oduc ion o ad anced pu i ica ion echnologies signi i-
can ly educed concen a ions o ha m ul bac e ia, such as
coliphages, ensu ing d inking wa e me high sa e y s and-
a ds. These e o s no only imp o ed public heal h bu also
posi i ely impac ed he ecological s abili y o he egion. By
educing wa e pollu ion and enhancing he quali y o wa e
esou ces, he p ojec signi ican ly imp o ed he ecosys em
heal h o he i e and i s su ounding wa e bodies. This
con ibu ed o he es o a ion o biodi e si y in he Dnip o
basin, ein o cing he ecological sus ainabili y o he egion
(S a e Agency o Wa e Resou ces o Uk aine,2017).
Ano he example o adap i e esou ce managemen
can be seen in o es y e o s, pa icula ly in he Ca pa hi-
an egion o Uk aine. P og ams aimed a educing illegal
de o es a ion and implemen ing ad anced moni o ing sys-
ems using sa elli e echnologies ha e been ac i ely de el-
oped and implemen ed. Se e al key ini ia i es o comba
illegal logging and es o e o es plan a ions ha e yielded
signi ican esul s in his egion. One no able example is
“Fo es s o he Fu u e” p og am, launched wi h he sup-
po o in e na ional o ganisa ions, including he Uni ed
Na ions De elopmen P og am and “Ecology and People”
In e na ional Fund. This p og am le e ages sa elli e ech-
nologies o moni o o es condi ions and de ec illegal
logging ac i i ies. The Ea h Obse a ion o Sus ainable
De elopmen sys em enables eal- ime o es moni o ing,
allowing o apid esponses o unau ho ised ac i i ies.
Since he in oduc ion o hese echnologies, Uk aine has
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Kozak & Danchuk
15
eco ded a educ ion o o e 30% in illegal de o es a ion
compa ed o he pe iod p io o he p og am’s implemen-
a ion. As o Oc obe 2024, e o es a ion e o s in he
Ca pa hians had been ca ied ou o e an a ea o 2,900
hec a es, wi h o e 3,300 hec a es expec ed o be comple -
ed by he end o he yea . In 2024, i was planned o plan
14 million seedlings (S a e Agency o Fo es Resou ces o
Uk aine,2024b). This app oach ep esen s an essen ial s ep
owa d sus ainable de elopmen and he p ese a ion o
he Ca pa hians’ na u al esou ces.
Adap i e managemen o na u al esou ces has demon-
s a ed subs an ial economic bene i s in se e al coun ies,
including Sweden, No way, and Canada. I s e ec i eness
lies in educing economic isks, enhancing he esilience
o na u al esou ces, and ensu ing sus ainable economic
lows ac oss a ious sec o s. This analysis examines he
economic bene i s o adap i e managemen in each o hese
coun ies and iden i ies addi ional a eas whe e i has been
success ully implemen ed.
Sweden has eme ged as a leade in adap i e o es man-
agemen . By employing an in eg a ed app oach ha con-
side s en i onmen al, social, and economic dimensions,
Sweden has signi ican ly imp o ed he balance be ween bi-
odi e si y conse a ion and he economic bene i s de i ed
om i s o es indus y. These well-es ablished o es man-
agemen p ac ices ensu e o es heal h while main aining
sus ainable p oduc i i y. Such measu es minimise losses
om illegal logging and he deple ion o o es esou ces,
he eby enhancing long- e m economic gains. In addi ion
o o es y, adap i e managemen in Sweden ex ends o he
ene gy and ag icul u al sec o s. In ag icul u e, adap i e
p ac ices enable e ec i e esponses o clima e change, in-
c easing esilience o d ough s, imp o ing c op yields, and
educing economic isks. In he ene gy sec o , Sweden’s
in es men s in enewable ene gy sou ces a e suppo ed
by adap i e managemen s a egies ha op imise ene gy
p oduc ion and consump ion, educe cos s, and imp o e
o e all sys em e iciency. The economic bene i s o adap i e
managemen in Sweden a e e iden in enhanced o es y
p oduc i i y and he sus ainable use o na u al esou ces.
These p ac ices con ibu e o he coun y’s s ong compe i-
i eness in he global ma ke s o wood p oduc s and clean
ene gy (Swedish Fo es Agency,2024).
In No way, adap i e managemen plays a pi o al ole in
ishe ies, whe e con inuous moni o ing o ish popula ions
and he egula ion o ca ch quo as o m he ounda ion o
he sus ainable de elopmen o he ishing indus y. This
app oach helps main ain s able ish popula ion le els, p e-
en s esou ce deple ion, and ensu es consis en incomes
o ishe men and ish p ocessing en e p ises (ICES,2024).
O e he long e m, i enables he coun y o a oid eco-
nomic losses associa ed wi h o e ishing while ensu ing
s able e enue om he expo o ish p oduc s. Adap i e
managemen is also applied in No way’s ene gy sec o , pa -
icula ly in hyd oelec ic powe , which is a co ne s one o
he coun y’s economy. Ad anced echnologies o moni-
o ing wa e esou ces a e used o op imise he ope a ion o
hyd opowe plan s, educing ene gy p oduc ion cos s and
imp o ing he e iciency o wa e use. Addi ionally, adap-
i e managemen has been implemen ed in o es y and
ou ism. Moni o ing sys ems in hese sec o s help balance
en i onmen al p ese a ion equi emen s wi h he eco-
nomic bene i s de i ed om ou ism and o es esou ces.
Canada se es as a p ime example o adap i e manage-
men in wa e esou ces. In he F ase Ri e Basin, wa e
le el moni o ing and clima e isk o ecas ing sys ems ha e
been implemen ed o enable imely esponses o changes
in wa e le els and he adap a ion o wa e use s a egies.
These measu es mi iga e he isks o looding and d ough ,
deli e ing signi ican economic bene i s o ag icul u e and
o he wa e -dependen sec o s such as ene gy and indus y.
Adap i e managemen is also widely applied in Canada’s
o es y sec o , pa icula ly in comba ing o es i es. U i-
lising sa elli e echnologies and o es moni o ing sys ems,
he coun y can espond apidly o i e h ea s, educing
supp ession cos s and ensu ing he economic s abili y o
he o es indus y. In ag icul u e, adap i e managemen is
used o land managemen and clima e change adap a ion,
helping o mi iga e economic isks associa ed wi h d ough s
and o he na u al disas e s (Go e nmen o Canada,n.d.).
This app oach enhances ag icul u al esilience, ensu ing
mo e s able c op yields e en unde changing en i onmen-
al condi ions. The economic e ec i eness o adap i e man-
agemen in Canada is e iden in educed cos s o disas e
mi iga ion, inc eased c op p oduc i i y, and he sus aina-
ble de elopmen o wa e and o es esou ces enabling he
coun y o main ain high p oduc i i y in hese indus ies.
A compa ison o Uk aine’s app oach o adap i e man-
agemen wi h in e na ional models e eals signi ican di -
e ences. The p ima y challenges acing Uk aine include
he lack o a sys emic app oach, insu icien unding, and a
weak legisla i e amewo k. In con as , coun ies like Swe-
den and Canada ac i ely u ilise inno a i e echnologies and
ensu e he in ol emen o all s akeholde s in hei adap-
i e managemen s a egies. Uk ainian p og ams, howe -
e , o en emain limi ed o he pilo p ojec s age, wi hou
ansi ioning o widesp ead implemen a ion. Ano he key
di e ence lies in he scale o unding. In e na ional models
bene i om subs an ial in es men , o en suppo ed by in-
e na ional g an s and ins i u ional mechanisms.
Al hough Uk aine has made some p og ess in adap i e
managemen , he expe iences o o he coun ies highligh
a eas o imp o emen in na ional s a egies. Adop ing in-
e na ional bes p ac ices, such as in eg a ing inno a i e
echnologies, s eng hening esou ce moni o ing and con-
ol, and os e ing ac i e communi y in ol emen , could
signi ican ly enhance he si ua ion in Uk aine.
Challenges in implemen ing adap i e managemen
Adap i e na u al esou ce managemen in Uk aine aces
se e al signi ican challenges ha hinde i s e ec i e im-
plemen a ion and de elopmen . One o he mos p essing
issues is he lack o comp ehensi e da a and moni o ing
sys ems. Uk aine’s limi ed ne wo k o na u al esou ce