Suhana, Suhana; Suha nomo; Mas'ud, Fuad; Mansyu , Anwa
A icle
Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és
de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo
ans o macional
Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
Uni e sidad Pablo de Ola ide, Se illa
Sugges ed Ci a ion: Suhana, Suhana; Suha nomo; Mas'ud, Fuad; Mansyu , Anwa (2024) : Mejo ando
el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo
ans o macional, Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa, ISSN
1886-516X, Uni e sidad Pablo de Ola ide, Se illa, Vol. 37, pp. 1-19,
h ps://doi.o g/10.46661/ e .me odoscuan .econ.emp esa.7570
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ARTÍCULO 1
Cómo ci a : Suhana, S., Ssuha nomo, S,.Mas’ud, F & Mansyu , A. (2024). Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és de colabo aciones basadas en la con-
ianza y lide azgo ans o macional. Re is a De Mé odos Cuan i a i os Pa a La Economía Y La Emp esa, (37), 1-19. 10.46661/ e me odoscuan econemp esa.7570
Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és
de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo
ans o macional
Imp o ing Knowledge Sha ing h ough T us -based
Collabo a ion and Idealized In luence T ans o ma ional
Suhana Suhana
Uni e si as S ikubank (Indonesia)
h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-0194-4340
[email p o ec ed]
Suha nomo Suha nomo
Uni e si as Diponego o (Indonesia)
h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-7087-6986
[email p o ec ed]
Fuad Mas’ud
Uni e si as Diponego o (Indonesia)
h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-2530-3150
[email p o ec ed]
Anwa Mansyu
Uni e si as S ikubank (Indonesia)
h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-8569-4624
[email p o ec ed]
RESUMEN
El obje i o de la p esen e in es igación es examina el e ec o de la colabo ación
basada en la con ianza y el lide azgo ans o macional idealizado en el in e cambio
de conocimien os. También se examinó el e ec o del lide azgo ansaccional
de ecompensa con ingen e sob e la colabo ación basada en la con ianza y el
in e cambio de conocimien os. Los da os u ilizados en la p esen e in es igación son
p ima ios y p oceden de cues iona ios dis ibuidos a encues ados seleccionados. La
población es á o mada po odos los p o eso es de las uni e sidades p i adas de
Ja a Cen al, Indonesia, que poseen la cali icación A en la ac edi ación ins i ucional.
La mues a o ma pa e de la población. La écnica de mues eo u ilizada es el
mues eo no p obabilís ico, no oda la población iene la misma opo unidad de
se seleccionada. La azón es que la población es homogénea po na u aleza. La
Uni e sidad Pablo de Ola ide (España)
Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa,
núme o 37, 2024
ISSN: 1886-516X
DOI: 10.46661/ e me odoscuan econemp esa.7570
Sección: ARTÍCULOS
Recibido: 02-11-2022
Acep ado: 02-11-2022
Publicado in p ess: 05-03-2024
Publicado: 00-00-0000
Páginas: 1-19
ARTÍCULOS 2
Suhana Suhana, Suha nomo Ssuha nomo, Fuad Mas’ud, Anwa Mansyu
Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo ans o macional
N. 37, 2024 – ISSN: 1886-516X – DOI: 10.46661/ e me odoscuan econemp esa.7570 – [Págs. 1-19]
Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa
mues a analizada es de 162 encues ados y los esul ados de la in es igación indican
que la in luencia idealizada del lide azgo ans o macional a ec a posi i amen e a
la colabo ación basada en la con ianza. La colabo ación basada en la con ianza
iene un e ec o posi i o en el in e cambio de conocimien os. La in es igación no
log a demos a el e ec o del lide azgo ansaccional de ecompensa con ingen e
sob e la colabo ación basada en la con ianza y el in e cambio de conocimien os.
Así, la p esen e in es igación con ibuye a la li e a u a ela i a a la impo ancia
de la colabo ación basada en la con ianza pa a aumen a el in e cambio de
conocimien os. Se a a del p ime es udio que examina el papel de la colabo ación
basada en la con ianza en la elación en e el lide azgo ans o macional de
in luencia idealizada y el in e cambio de conocimien os. La colabo ación basada
en la con ianza es la no edad de la in es igación, es deci , la de i ación de las dos
eo ías. El hallazgo e ue za una de las p incipales co ien es de la li e a u a y apo a
más p uebas empí icas sob e la elación en e el lide azgo ans o macional y el
in e cambio de conocimien os de que la elación en e los dos es de na u aleza
indi ec a.
PALABRAS CLAVE
Lide azgo ans o macional; colabo ación basada en la con ianza; in e cambio de
conocimien os.
ABSTRACT
The aim o he cu en esea ch is o examine he e ec o us -based collabo a ion
and idealized ans o ma ional leade ship o he knowledge sha ing. I also
examined he e ec o con ingen ewa d ansac ional leade ship o us -based
collabo a ion and knowledge sha ing. Da a used in he cu en esea ch a e
p ima y ones de i ed om ques ionnai es dis ibu ed o selec ed esponden s. All
lec u e s o p i a e uni e si ies in Cen al Ja a Indonesia ha ing A quali ica ion in
ins i u ional acc edi a ion a e he popula ion. The sample is pa o he popula ion.
Sampling echnique used is non p obabili y sampling, no all popula ion has he
same oppo uni y o be sample. The eason is ha popula ion is homogeneous in
na u e. The sample analysed is 162 esponden s. The esea ch inding indica es ha
idealized in luence ans o ma ional leade ship posi i ely a ec s o us -based
collabo a ion. T us -based collabo a ion has a posi i e e ec on knowledge sha ing.
The esea ch ails p o ing he e ec o con ingen ewa d ansac ional leade ship
o us -based collabo a ion and knowledge sha ing. Thus, he cu en esea ch
con ibu es o li e a u e conce ning he impo ance o us -based collabo a ion in
inc easing knowledge sha ing. The s udy is he i s s udy examining he ole o us -
based collabo a ion o he ela ionship be ween idealized in luence ans o ma ional
leade ship and knowledge sha ing. T us -based collabo a ion is he no el y o he
esea ch, ha is de i a ion o he wo heo ies. The inding s eng hens one o main
lows in li e a u e and gi es mo e empi ical e idence abou he ela ionship be ween
ans o ma ional leade ship and knowledge sha ing ha he ela ionship be ween
he wo is indi ec in na u e.
KEYWORDS
T ans o ma ional leade ship; us ;based collabo a ion; knowledge sha ing.
Clasi icación JEL: I22, J22
MSC2010: 91C99
ARTÍCULOS 3
Suhana Suhana, Suha nomo Ssuha nomo, Fuad Mas’ud, Anwa Mansyu
Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo ans o macional
N. 37, 2024 – ISSN: 1886-516X – DOI: 10.46661/ e me odoscuan econemp esa.7570 – [Págs. 1-19]
Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa
1. INTRODUCTION
Knowledge is one o impo an ly in angible esou ces owned by o ganiza ion. I can con ibu e
o he gaining o compe i i e ad an age. I is in line wi h (J. Chen e al., 2016) ha knowledge is
a pi o al esou ce o o ganiza ion o de elop compe i i e ad an age in dynamic and compe-
i i e o ganiza ion en i onmen . In he con ex , knowledge managemen will be impo an o an
o ganiza ion (Da enpo e al., 2003).
One impo an hing in knowledge managemen is knowledge sha ing. Knowledge sha ing is a
componen and impo an s ep in knowledge managemen (Mansoo i e al., 2012). I is suppo ed
by (Du e al., 2007) ha knowledge sha ing cons i u es one o impo an p ocess o knowledge
managemen e e ing o knowledge communica ion, expe ience and skill o employees in g oup
o o ganiza ion. Knowledge sha ing no only gi es oppo uni y o maximize o ganiza ional capabi-
li y o mee i s need bu also c ea es e ec i e solu ion o gain compe i i e ad an age (Reid, 2003).
Conside ing he pi o al ole o knowledge sha ing in o ganiza ion, knowing ac o s suppo ing
knowledge sha ing will be u gen . To p omo e knowledge sha ing beha io , he nex esea ch
is impo an o conduc conce ning he ole o ac o s, such as: leade cha ac e is ics, social
ne wo k, social cos , us , cul u e, e c. (S. Wang & Noe, 2010). The cu en esea ch obse es he
e ec o leade cha ac e is ics on knowledge sha ing. A leade is main de e minan o many
impo an ly o ganiza ional ou pu s. He also has decision making ole in all o ganiza ion ac i i-
ies. Based on li e a u e e iew, ans o ma ional leade ship cons i u es one o he mos e ec i e
leade ship (Thomson e al., 2016).
One o dimensions o ans o ma ional leade ship is idealized in luence. Cha ac e is ics o idea-
lized in luence ans o ma ional leade ship is ha a leade is as ole model. He is espec ed
and us ed. Besides, he p io i izes he collec i e in e es beyond indi idual one. (Al-husseini &
Elbel agi, 2018) ound ha idealized in luence ans o ma ional leade ship posi i ely a ec s o
knowledge sha ing. A leade showing he beha io has capabili y o gi e added alue o ins i u-
ion ac i i ies, h ough c ea ing, sha ing, codi ying, and in eg a ing knowledge. T ans o ma ional
leade ship using he dimension is able o build us ed-based cul u e. In such cul u e, sha ing
knowledge will be conduci e.
Beside ans o ma ional leade ship, ansac ional leade ship also has e ec o knowledge sha-
ing. (L. Y. Chen & Ba nes, 2006) in es iga es he e ec o ansac ional leade ship on knowledge
sha ing in p o essional se ice i ms in Taiwan and US. Resea ch inding shows ha con ingen
ewa d ansac ional leade ship signi ican ly a ec s o in e nal and ex e nal knowledge sha ing.
(B adshaw e al., 2015) conduc s esea ch abou ansac ional leade ship. The inding indica es
ha con ingen ewa d dimension posi i ely a ec s o wo dimensions o knowledge sha ing.
In he esea ch, con ingen ewa d ansac ional leade ship has e ec as big as ans o ma io-
nal leade ship has. The esul suppo s he ecen ly heo e ical de elopmen o (Ve a & C os-
san, 2004) p oposing con ingen app oach o leade ship and knowledge sha ing. Wholly, he
esea ch inding shows ha bo h ans o ma ional and ansac ional leade ship a e impo an
o knowledge sha ing p ocess. C ea ion o success ul knowledge sha ing is how well a manage
combines he beha io o ans o ma ional and ansac ional leade ship.
Based on p e ious esea ch indings abou he ela ionship be ween ans o ma ional leade ship
and knowledge sha ing, i is known ha he e a e many di e en indings. Some o esea ch in-
dings ind ha ans o ma ional leade ship has posi i e e ec o knowledge sha ing (Akpo u & Ta-
munosiki-Amadi, 2013); (Al-husseini & Elbel agi, 2018); (Allameh e al., 2015); (Rawung e al., 2015);
(Le & Lei, 2018). While he o he esea ch indings, ans o ma ional leade ship does no a ec o
knowledge sha ing (Masa’deh e al., 2016); (Boa eng & Agyemang, 2015); (Agyemang e al., 2017).
The p e ious esea ch indings ha a e no consis en a e indica ions ha heo y building o he
ela ionship be ween ans o ma ional and knowledge sha ing is no obus ye . O he indica ion
is ha he e is mode a ing o media ing a iable ole be ween hem. The indica ion is in line wi h
sugges ion o (S. Wang & Noe, 2010). Following up he esea ch in he opic will be u gen o con-
duc because empi ical esea ch conce ning he ela ionship be ween ans o ma ional leade -
ARTÍCULOS 4
Suhana Suhana, Suha nomo Ssuha nomo, Fuad Mas’ud, Anwa Mansyu
Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo ans o macional
N. 37, 2024 – ISSN: 1886-516X – DOI: 10.46661/ e me odoscuan econemp esa.7570 – [Págs. 1-19]
Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa
ship and knowledge sha ing is s ill limi ed. Knowing how mechanism and p ocess he leade ship
a ec s o knowledge sha ing will be impo an esea ch agenda. The cu en esea ch p oposed
us -based collabo a ion as a media ing a iable connec ing be ween idealized in luence ans-
o ma ional and con ingen ewa d leade ship o knowledge sha ing. Thus, he aim o he esea ch
is o examine a model p oposed conce ning he e ec o idealized in luence ans o ma ional and
con ingen ewa d ansac ional leade ship o us -based collabo a ion and knowledge sha ing.
T us -based collabo a ion is he no el y o he cu en esea ch unc ioning as media ing a iable
o he ela ionship be ween ans o ma ional leade ship and knowledge sha ing.
F om he p e ious elabo a ion, he esea ch ques ions o he a icle a e whe he idealized in-
luence leade ship has posi i e e ec on us -based collabo a ion, whe he idealized in luence
leade ship has posi i e e ec on knowledge sha ing, whe he con ingen ewa d leade ship has
posi i e e ec on us -based collabo a ion, whe he con ingen ewa d leade ship has posi i-
e e ec on knowledge sha ing and whe he us -based collabo a ion has posi i e e ec on
knowledge sha ing.
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 T us -based collabo a ion in esou ce dependence heo y
Resou ce dependence heo y speci ies co po a ion as an open sys em, depending on ex e nal
en i onmen . Resou ce dependence heo y ecognizes ex e nal ac o s om o ganiza ional be-
ha io . Howe e , a manage can minimize unce ain y and en i onmen al dependency (Rei z
e al., 1979). Dependen ea u e suppo s an o ganiza ion o collabo a e wi h o he s. (Hillman
e al., 2009) gi es basic a gumen om esou ce pe spec i e. One o he a gumen a ion is ha
dependen pa e n p oduces s eng hs among o ganiza ion, in e nally and ex e nally Colla-
bo a ion is one o solu ion o m o o e come p oblem o esou ce dependence. Collabo a ion
cons i u es a de eloping p ocess in which wo o mo e social en i ies ac i ely and ecip ocally
in ol ed in sha ed ac i i ies o gain a leas one sha ed goal. Collabo a ion can occu among
en i ies, included indi idual, g oup, o ganiza ion, o e en communi y (Longo ia, 2005). Acco ding
o (Bedwell e al., 2012) in e ac ion o he en i ies can happen in a ious le els. Especially colla-
bo a ion, an en i y can be included in he same en i y o di e en one. Collabo a ion p ocess in
lowe le el o analysis can a ec o highe le el, and con e sely. Collabo a ion needs ac i e and
mu ual in ol emen in collabo a i e p ocess in many le els o ela ed pa ies (Longo ia, 2005).
The mos impo an hing is ha all ela ed en i ies wo k independen ly and con ibu e su i-
cien ly o he achie emen o sha ed goals (Bedwell e al., 2012). The exis ence o sha ed goal
is impo an elemen sepe a ing collabo a ion and all o he o ms o coope a ion. P ocess o
collabo a ion can only occu i ela ed pa ies, in a ious le els, ha e a leas one sha ed goal o
achie e. Wi hou sha ed goal, he e is no eason o he pa ies o in ol e in coope a ion.
2.2 T us -based collabo a ion in social capi al heo y
Main p oposi ion o social capi al heo y is ha ela ion ne cons i u es a aluable esou ce o do
social ac i i ies and se es i s membe s wi h capi al owned collec i ely. As se ies o ela ion- oo-
ed esou ce, social capi al has many di e en a ibu es. (Nahapie & Ghoshal, 1998) men ions
h ee dimensions o social capi al: s uc u al, ela ional and cogni i e dimensions. S uc u al di-
mension is mani es ed as social in e ac ion ies. Rela ional dimension is seen om us , eci-
p oci y no m and iden i ica ion and cogni i e one is mani es ed as ision and sha ed language.
T us as one o indica o s o ela ional dimension is seen as se ies o special belie ha is mainly
ela ed wi h in eg i y, bene olence and capabili y om o he s (Maye e al., 1995). In eg i y e e s
o indi idual hope ha membe s will ollow sequences o alue, no m and ce ain p inciples.
Whe eas bene olence will be abou alues o p io i ize o he in e es (Chiu e al., 2006). T us will
occu among pa ies in ol ed in in e ac ion. I is in line wi h (Nahapie & Ghoshal, 1998) s a ing
ha when us appea s among ela ed pa ies, hey will in ol e in coope a ion in e ac ion.
ARTÍCULOS 5
Suhana Suhana, Suha nomo Ssuha nomo, Fuad Mas’ud, Anwa Mansyu
Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo ans o macional
N. 37, 2024 – ISSN: 1886-516X – DOI: 10.46661/ e me odoscuan econemp esa.7570 – [Págs. 1-19]
Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa
2.3 Idealized in luence ans o ma ional leade ship and us -based
collabo a ion
Posi i e ela ionship be ween ans o ma ional leade ship and us has been indica ed by many
p e ious esea ch indings (Podsako e al., 1996). (Di ks & Fe in, 2002) desc ibes s ong ela-
ionship be ween ans o ma ional leade ship and us . T ans o masional leade ship imp o es
pe cep ion o i s bene olence (Bu ke e al., 2007). Whe eas esea ch inding o (B aun e al., 2013)
shows ha us in leade media es he ela ionship be ween ans o ma ional leade ship and
knowledge sha ing. T ans o ma ional leade ship suppo s eam building and also collabo a ion
among he eam. (Cha e al., 2015) conduc s a esea ch abou ans o ma ional leade ship and
collabo a ion among he eam. Resea ch inding indica es ha eam and ans o ma ional lea-
de ship has highe quali y o eam collabo a ion and con ibu es highe collabo a ion among
he eam compa ed he o he s. (A apa u & Ranawake, 2017) in es iga es ans o ma ional and
ansac ional leade ship and i s e ec o employee p e e ence o in ol e in knowledge mana-
gemen p ocess. One o dimensions o ans o ma ional leade ship is idealized in luence, beha-
io o leade di ec ed o he coope a ion p omo ion among subo dina es and suppo s hem o
coope a e o gain sha ed goals. The beha io in ol es building espec , us and loyal y among
o ganiza ion membe s (C aw o d, 2005). Idealized in luence leade is able o build clima e and
us o he o ganiza ion condi ioning he indi iduals o belie e ha his pee will no ac op-
po unis ically. By building indi idual us o his o he pee s in o ganiza ion, ans o ma ional
leade ship will be able o build con ex o o ganiza ional us suppo ing all indi iduals in o -
ganiza ion o engange in knowledge managemen p ocess. Indi iduals a e su e ha hey hey
will gain ecip ocal bene i ela ed wi h hei in ol emen in knowledge managemen ac i i ies.
Idealized in luence dimension cons i u es one o sub ances o ans o ma ional leade ship. He is
espec ed and us ed. Besides, he leade p io i izes sha ed in e es beyond indi idual one. The
leade also ocuses on collabo a ion wi h he subo dina es. I is ele an wi h he no el y p o-
posed in he cu en esea ch, us -based collabo a ion. In o he side, end o esea ch abou
he leade ship is on each dimension con ibu ion o ans o ma ional leade ship. The end is
impo an o ollow up o gi e clea e con ibu ion o each dimension, no as composi e dimen-
sions. A numbe o p e ious esea ch indings suppo he a gumen (Agyemang e al., 2017);
(Al-husseini & Elbel agi, 2018); (Al-Husseini e al., 2021).
Based on heo i ical and empi ical elabo a ion, he i s hypo hesis is idealized in luence ans-
o ma ional leade ship has posi i e e ec o us -based collabo a ion.
2.4 Idealized in luence ans o ma ional leade ship and knowledge sha ing
(Ugwu & Oko e, 2020) examines ans o ma ional and ansac ional leade ship o knowledge
managemen p ocess. Dimensions o idealized in luence, inspi a ional mo i a ion and indi idual
conside a ion signi ican ly in luence o p ocess o knowledge managemen . Idealized in luence
and indi idual conside a ion has he bigges e ec o he knowledge managemen p ocess.
Fo dimensions o ansac ional leade ship, i is jus con ingen ewa d in luencing signi ican ly
o p ocess o knowledge managemen . (Al-Husseini e al., 2021) ound ha all dimensions o
ans o ma ional leade ship posi i ely has e ec o knowledge sha ing. The inding is in line wi h
(M. S. Mohammad, 2012) indica ing ha leade showing espec and us can acili a e sha ing
knowledge among o ganiza ion membe s. (Agyemang e al., 2017) conduc esea ch abou how
indi idual dimension in ans o ma ional leade ship heo y con ibu es o knowledge sha ing.
The inding shows ha idealized in luence is ound as knowledge sha ing p edic o . The esul
asse s ha a leade supp essing on espec , us , con idence and g oup in e es will in luence
knowledge sha ing o employees (Bass e al., 2003a). The esea ch suppo s he inding o (Ja-
hani, 2011) ha us en i onmen and e ec i e a i ude p omo ing knowledge sha ing a e p o-
mo ed by a leade wi h idealized in luence dimension. The posi i e e ec o idealized in luence
on knowledge sha ing can be explained ha as leade sac i ices his sel -in e es o o ganiza-
ional goodness (Poppe & Lipshi z, 2000).
ARTÍCULOS 6
Suhana Suhana, Suha nomo Ssuha nomo, Fuad Mas’ud, Anwa Mansyu
Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo ans o macional
N. 37, 2024 – ISSN: 1886-516X – DOI: 10.46661/ e me odoscuan econemp esa.7570 – [Págs. 1-19]
Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa
Based on elabo a ion o he heo y and empi ical e idence, he second hypo hesis is idealized
in luence ans o ma ional leade ship has posi i e e ec o knowledge sha ing.
2.5 Con ingen ewa d ansac ional leade ship and us -based
collabo a ion
(Mackenzie e al., 2001) s a e ha beha io o con ingen ewa d and punishmen can imp o e
he us o ma ke ing wo ke s o hei manage . Many au ho s no e ha he us o employees
o he manage is basically in luenced by o wha ex en an employee eels ha his manage
ea s him ai ly. The ai pe cep ion depends on o wha ex en an employee pe cei es ha
signi ican ewa d and punishmen is dis ibu ed objec i ely (Mackenzie e al., 2001). Meanwhile,
in hei me a analysis, (Di ks & Fe in, 2002) also epo a mode a e ela ionship o s ong one
be ween ansac ional leade ship and us in leade . The simila inding is ound in he esea ch
o (Gillespie & Mann, 2004) ha con ingen ewa d posi i ely ela es o employee’s us o he
leade . Whe eas (Ismail e al., 2010) s a e ha many ecen leade ship esea ches showing ha
a leade p ac ices ansac ional one in leading he subo dina es will p omo e he us o subo -
dina es. Mo eo e , ela ed wi h he e ec o leade ship o collabo a ion, (Yang e al., 2011) obse -
e he ela ionship be ween p ojec manage leade ship s yle, eam collabo a ion and p ojec
success. The esul indica es ha a p ojec manage p ac icing ansac ional and ans o ma-
ional leade ship will imp o e communica ion, collabo a ion and eam cohesion.
Based on heo e ical and empi ical elabo a ion, he hi h hypo hesis is con ingen ewa d an-
sac ional leade ship posi i ely a ec s o us -based collabo a ion.
2.6 Con ingen ewa d ansac ional leade ship and knowledge sha ing
(Y. S. Chen e al., 2014) examine he ela ionship be ween leade ship beha io and knowledge
sha ing in p o essional se ice i ms in Taiwan and US. One o he esul s shows ha con ingen
ewa d leade ship beha io posi i ely a ec s o knowledge sha ing. Meanwhile, he inding o e-
sea ch o (L. Y. Chen & Ba nes, 2006) indica es ha beha io o con ingen ewa d ansac ional
leade ship is as signi ican p edic o o knowledge sha ing. The simila inding is ound by (H. N.
Nguyen & Mohamed, 2011) ha con ingen ewa d leade ship beha io con ibu es o he c ea-
ion o o ganiza ional knowledge and manage ial mindse p omo ing in o ma ion lows h ough
o ganiza ion. Con ibu ion o con ingen ewa d leade ship o all dimensions o knowledge ma-
nagemen p ac ice is la ge han ha o cha isma ic one. In he esea ch, e ec i i y o con in-
gen ewa d leade ship beha io is be e han ha o cha isma ic leade ship. O he esea ch
inding conce ning he ela ionship is conduc ed by (Analoui e al., 2012). The esul shows ha
ansac ional leade ship posi i ely has e ec o many p ocesses o knowledge managemen , in-
cluded knowledge sha ing and dissemina ion. T ansac ional leade ship uses con ingen ewa d
o mo i a e employees o sha e hei knowledge. The esea ches o (Analoui e al., 2012) and
(Ugwu & Oko e, 2020) also suppo he inding.
Based on heo e ical and empi ical elabo a ion, he ou h hypo hesis is con ingen ewa d lea-
de ship posi i ely a ec s o knowledge sha ing.
2.7 T us -based collabo a ion and knowledge sha ing
A numbe o s udies conce ning us , coope a ion o collabo a ion ha e been conduc ed by
many esea che s. (Nelson & Coop ide , 1996) in es iga e mu ual us , in luence and sha ed
knowledge on in o ma ion sys em pe o mance. The inding indica es ha mu ual us posi i-
ely a ec s o sha ed knowledge. The esea ch ecommends ha o imp o e sha ed knowledge,
a manage is impo an o de elop mu ual us among g oups wi hin an o ganiza ion. One will
be eady o sha e knowledge o o he pa ies us ed and ecognized be o e. Acco ding o (Fu
& Lee, 2005), main p e equisi e o knowledge c ea ion is us . T us a iable plays pi o al ole
o he e ec i i y o knowledge sha ing in o ganiza ion. The indica ion is in line wi h he esea ch
inding o (McE ily e al., 2003) ha us gi es impo an ole in knowledge sha ing ac i i ies in
ARTÍCULOS 7
Suhana Suhana, Suha nomo Ssuha nomo, Fuad Mas’ud, Anwa Mansyu
Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo ans o macional
N. 37, 2024 – ISSN: 1886-516X – DOI: 10.46661/ e me odoscuan econemp esa.7570 – [Págs. 1-19]
Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa
o ganiza ion. Many esea che s ag ee ha us is main capi al o build knowledge-based o -
ganiza ion. P e ious s udies also show ha us imp o es knowledge sha ing in ensi y among
o ganiza ion membe s (De Long & Fahey, 2000). (Al-Alawi e al., 2007) s a e ha us among
employees is impo an a ibu e in o ganiza ional cul u e ha ing s ong e ec o knowledge
sha ing. T us among employees is abou indi idual o g oup hope in p omised eliabili y (Po-
li is, 2003). Team membe needs us exis ence o espond openly and o sha e his knowledge
(G uen eld e al., 1996). O he s udy is conduc ed by (Da enpo e al., 2003). They s a e ha us
is impo an ac o suppo ing knowledge sha ing p ocess. Clima e o coope a ion also has pi-
o al ole in knowledge sha ing. A numbe o esea ch indings com i m ha implemen a ion o
knowledge managemen p ac ice can be imp o ed in coope a ion clima e, no compe i ion one
(S eiby & Simons, 2002), in wo k en i onmen ha is conduci e o us (Goh, 2002). Meanwhile
(Wong, 2005) s a es ha one o cul u al aspec ha is impo an in knowledge managemen
is collabo a ion. Acco ding o (Lee & Choi, 2003), collabo a ion has empi ically con ibu ed o
knowledge c ea ion.
Based on heo e ical and empi ical elabo a ion, he i h hypo hesis is us -based collabo a ion
posi i ely a ec s o knowledge sha ing. The esea ch model can be seen in Figu e 1.
Figu e 1. Concep ual F amewo k
3. RESEARCH METHOD
The esea ch is an explana o y esea ch. I examines hypo heses o alida e o s eng hen hy-
po heses p oposed. Thus, he esea ch indings can be used o s eng hen heo ies used.
Popula ion and Sample
The cu en esea ch was conduc ed in 5 p i a e uni e si ies in Cen al Ja a Indonesia. All lec u-
e s o p i a e uni e si ies in Cen al Ja a Indonesia ha ing A quali ica ion in ins i u ional acc e-
di a ion a e he popula ion. The sample measu emen de e mina ion uses maximum likelihood
me hod, namely 200 esponden s. Sampling echnique used is non p obabili y sampling, no all
popula ion has he same oppo uni y o be sample. The eason is ha popula ion is homoge-
neous in na u e. Many echniques can be used in such sampling echnique. One o hem is quo a
sampling, a sampling echnique in which popula ion wi h ce ain cha ac e is ics can be used as
samples up o samples’s need ul illed. The cha ac e is ics a e lec u e s om p i a e uni e si ies
wi h A le el o ins i u ion acc edi a ion and lec u e s wi h p o ession ce i ica ion. O 200 espon-
den s, 162 can be used o he nex analysis. While he du a ion o he esea ch is 9 mon hs.
ARTÍCULOS 8
Suhana Suhana, Suha nomo Ssuha nomo, Fuad Mas’ud, Anwa Mansyu
Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo ans o macional
N. 37, 2024 – ISSN: 1886-516X – DOI: 10.46661/ e me odoscuan econemp esa.7570 – [Págs. 1-19]
Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa
Table 1. Lis o Responden s
No Name o Uni e si y Sample Numbe
1. Islamic Uni e si y o Sul an
Agung Sema ang Indonesia (287: 1.408) x 200 = 41 lec u e s
2. Uni e si y o Dian Nuswan o o
Sema ang Indonesia (227: 1.408) x 200= 32 lec u e s
3. Ca holic Uni e si y o
Soegijap ana a Sema ang
Indonesia ((161: 1.408) x 200= 23 lec u e s
4. Ch is ian Uni e si y o Sa ya
Wacana Sala iga Indonesia (345: 1408) x 200= 49 lec u e s
5. Uni e si y o Muhammadiyah
Su aka a Indonesia (388: 1408) x 200= 55 lec u e s
To al 200 lec u e s
3.1 Measu emen o Va iables
Idealized in luence ans o ma ional leade ship is measu ed by using 4 indica o s, among o he s:
he in e ac ion con enience wi h he lec u e s, g oup in e es p io i y. Measu emen o idealized
in luence ans o ma ional leade ship is adap ed om (Bass & A olio, 1994). Con ingen ewa d
ansac ional leade ship is measu ed by using 5 indica o s, among o he s: dean gi es clea e
desc ip ion abou wha he lec u e s will ecei e i ul illing hei pe o mance, dean exp esses
his sa is ac ion o lec u e s’s pe o mance. The measu emen is adap ed om (Bass e al., 2003)
and (Mackenzie e al., 2001), based on wo k o (Podsako e al., 1984).
T us -based collabo a ion is measu ed by using 5 indica o s, among o he s: de eloping coope-
a ion wi h colleagues, coope a ion ne wo k based commi men and ca e. The measu emen
is adap ed om(Bedwell e al., 2012), (Nahapie & Ghoshal, 1998) and (McKnigh e al., 2002).
Whe eas knowledge sha ing is measu ed by using 5 indica o s, among o he s: con eying new
in o ma ion o colleagues, sha ing skill and knowledge o colleagues. The measu emen o he
a iable is adap ed om (Vuo i & Okkonen, 2012).
Da a Analysis
The collec ed da a will be analyzed using S uc u al Equa ion Modeling (SEM) wi h AMOS so -
wa e package e sion 21. Analysis o SEM wi h AMOS so wa e package 21.0, co e s: a) assump-
ion es including da a no mali y, da a ou lie s, mul icollinea i y and singula i y and esidual
es , and b) alidi y and eliabili y es . S eps in using SEM, acco ding o (Hai e al., 2019), a e as
ollows: de eloping heo y-based model, de eloping pa h diag am, con e ing pa h diag am o
he model, choosing inpu ma ix and model es ima ion, assessing he possibili y o iden i ica-
ion p oblem, e alua ing goodness o i c i e ia and gi ing in e p e a ion and modi ying model.
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Responden s o he cu en esea ch a e lec u e s om 5 op uni e si ies in Cen al Ja a Indone-
sia. C i e ia o he esponden s a e ce i ied ix lec u e s wi h enu e a leas 2 yea s. The demog a-
phy o esponden s co e : sex, age, enu e, educa ion le el and academic unc ional occupa ion.
Resul o model i es using Chi squa e, GFI, CFI, TLI, CMIN/DF and RMSEA indica ed ha alues
ob ained wi hin he equi ed ange, excep AGFI alue showing ma ginal one.
ARTÍCULOS 15
Suhana Suhana, Suha nomo Ssuha nomo, Fuad Mas’ud, Anwa Mansyu
Mejo ando el in e cambio de conocimien os a a és de colabo aciones basadas en la con ianza y lide azgo ans o macional
N. 37, 2024 – ISSN: 1886-516X – DOI: 10.46661/ e me odoscuan econemp esa.7570 – [Págs. 1-19]
Re is a de Mé odos Cuan i a i os pa a la Economía y la Emp esa
5.2. P ac ical con ibu ions
The esul o he esea ch has p ac ical implica ion o leade ship de elopmen . To ge op imum
bene i in us ed ela ionship be ween leade and subo dina es, leade ship aining and de-
elopmen p og am should comple e leade s wi h skill o o mula e and communica e sha ed
ision and main alues. A leade is hoped o ac i ely in ol ed in c ea ing knowledge sha ing
cul u e, h ough inc easing o us -based collabo a ion among lec u e s. The inding o he e-
sea ch indica es ha o ganiza ion should no only ocus on ex insic ewa d as main mo i a o
in knowledge sha ing ini ia i es. E ec i e knowledge sha ing can no be o ced and obliged.
Acco ding o (Kohn, 1993) ex insic ewa d is jus e ec i e o sho e m. Knowledge sha ing
should be suppo ed in o de o be uni e si y cul u e. Leade s a e impo an o c ea e suppo -
ing en i onmen o knowledge sha ing. Wi h conduci e clima e, collabo a ion can un well and
in u n a ec o knowledge sha ing. Dean may add knowledge sha ing as one o indica o s o
key pe o mance o lec u e s and is used as main inpu o lec u e s’s pe o mance app aisal. As
known ha knowledge sha ing can be an an eceden o many o ganiza ional ou pu s, such as:
o ganiza ional lea ning, inno a i e beha io and o ganiza ional pe o mance.
5.3. Limi a ions and ecommenda ions o u u e esea ch
The cu en esea ch has many limi a ions. Goodness o Fi Index o GFI and AGFI a e ma ginal
ha can a ec he goodness o i o he model p oposed. The esea ch inding canno be gene-
alized o o he coun ies, especially coun ies wi h di e en ly na ional cul u e wi h he esea ch
se ing o he cu en esea ch. Based on cul u al cong uency heo y, leade ship e ec i i y is
also ela ed wi h na ional cul u e alue domina ing in a coun y.
The e a e u u e esea ch agendas o conduc . Resea ch ocus on leade ship in he u u e should
be conce ning us -based collabo a ion. In he cu en esea ch, beha io o idealized in luence
ans o ma ional leade ship a ec s o knowledge sha ing indi ec ly h ough us -based colla-
bo a ion a iable. The nex esea ch can be di ec ed o he an eceden and consequence o
us -based collabo a ion gi ing impo an con ibu ion in li e a u e o o ganiza ional beha io .
Signi ican p opo ion o many p e ious esea ches conce ning knowledge sha ing is domina-
ed by mo i a ion heo y, supp essing on ex insic ewa d ela ed wi h knowledge sha ing. Whe-
eas many p e ious esea ch indings do no suppo he e ec o ex insic ewa d o knowledge
sha ing. Fu u e esea ch is impo an o look o accu a ely heo e ical app oach o comp ehend
and measu e he e ec o an eceden o knowledge sha ing.
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