Sun, Jingyu
A icle
The hough o communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o
mankind and he cons uc ion o China's in e na ional
poli ical economy
China Poli ical Economy (CPE)
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
School o Economics, Nanjing Uni e si y
Sugges ed Ci a ion: Sun, Jingyu (2024) : The hough o communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind
and he cons uc ion o China's in e na ional poli ical economy, China Poli ical Economy (CPE), ISSN
2516-1652, Eme ald, Leeds, Vol. 7, Iss. 2, pp. 234-243,
h ps://doi.o g/10.1108/CPE-12-2024-046
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The hough o communi y wi h a
sha ed u u e o mankind and he
cons uc ion o China’s in e na ional
poli ical economy
Jingyu Sun
School o Economics, Nankai Uni e si y, Tianjin, China
Abs ac
Pu pose –Cen al o his pape , Wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy canno well explain China’s peace ul
de elopmen and i s poli ical and economic ies wi h he ou side wo ld, and i is e en mo e di icul o e lec he
cha ac e is ics o he imes ha he g ea changes unseen in a cen u y and socialism wi h Chinese cha ac e is ics
ha e en e ed in o a new e a, which a e synch onously in e wined and mu ually agi a ed. Cons uc ing China’s
in e na ional poli ical economy no only emphasizes he Chinese pe spec i e, Chinese discou se and Chinese
na a i e bu also examines he de elopmen end and majo p oblems acing he wo ld om he heigh o wo ld
his o y and applies he posi ion, iewpoin s and me hods o Ma xis his o ical ma e ialism o obse e he imes,
in e p e he imes and lead he imes.
Design/me hodology/app oach –Looking back a he de elopmen o China’s in e na ional poli ical economy,
om in oducing Wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy o inc easingly emphasizing he Chinese pe spec i e,
Chinese discou se and Chinese na a i e, we analyze he dis inc i e ea u es o China’s in e na ional poli ical
economy om Wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy.
Findings –The hough o communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind is he la es de elopmen and
concen a ed embodimen o Ma xis hough on wo ld his o y in he 21s cen u y, which gi es China’s
in e na ional poli ical economy a dis inc i e epochal, scien i ic and p ac ical cha ac e , s ipula es he esea ch
s ance and undamen al pu pose, es ablishes he esea ch heme and main line and expands he esea ch space o
he cons uc ion o Chinese in e na ional poli ical economy.
O iginali y/ alue –The cons uc ion o China’s in e na ional poli ical economy is no only o c ea e a “Chinese
school” o in e na ional ela ions bu mo e impo an ly o cons uc a discou se and academic sys em o China’s
in e na ional poli ical economy ha can unde s and and g asp he changes in he wo ld, he imes and his o y,
p o iding academic suppo o in-dep h hinking and answe ing he ques ion o “Wha is w ong wi h he wo ld?
Wha should we do?” and con ibu ing Chinese wisdom.
Keywo ds Communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind, In e na ional poli ical economy,
Au onomous knowledge sys em
Pape ype T ansla ed pape
Cons uc ing China’s own knowledge sys em is he hope and eques o Gene al Sec e a y Xi
Jinping o philosophical and social science wo ke s. Since he e o m and opening up, he
de elopmen o China’s in e na ional poli ical economy has s a ed om he in oduc ion and
diges ion o he heo e ical achie emen s o Wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy, and has
g adually g own om no hing o some hing, om small o la ge in he p ocess o he deep
in eg a ion and de elopmen be ween China and he wo ld. Howe e , Wes e n in e na ional
CPE
7,2
234
© Jingyu Sun. O iginally published in Simpli ied Chinese in Academic Jou nal o Russian S udies in
2023: Sun, J. (2023), “The Though o a Communi y wi h Sha ed Fu u e o Mankind and he
Cons uc ion o China’s In e na ional Poli ical Economy”, Academic Jou nal o Russian S udies,
Vol.2023 No.3, pp 96-107. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1094.2023.03.006
This pape is unded by Special Task P ojec o Humani ies and Social Sciences o he Minis y o
Educa ion (Resea ch on he Theo e ical Sys em o Socialism wi h Chinese Cha ac e is ics) (No:
24JD710017) and Asia Resea ch Cen e in Nankai Uni e si y (No: AS2414).
This is a ansla ion o an a icle o iginal pos a : h ps://doi.o g/10.3969/j.issn.2095-1094.2023.03.
006
The cu en issue and ull ex a chi e o his jou nal is a ailable on Eme ald Insigh a :
h ps://www.eme ald.com/insigh /2516-1652.h m
Recei ed 20 Sep embe 2024
Accep ed 20 Oc obe 2024
China Poli ical Economy
Vol. 7 No. 2, 2024
pp. 234-243
Eme ald Publishing Limi ed
2516-1652
DOI 10.1108/CPE-12-2024-046
poli ical economy is mo e conce ned wi h he poli ical and economic ela ions be ween
Wes e n coun ies and he ou side wo ld, and i s esea ch has a ela i ely ob ious endency o
Wes e n-cen ism, which canno well explain China’s peace ul de elopmen and i s poli ical
and economic ela ions wi h he ou side wo ld. I is e en mo e di icul o e lec he
cha ac e is ics o he imes ha he g ea changes unseen in a cen u y and socialism wi h
Chinese cha ac e is ics ha e en e ed in o a new e a, which a e synch onously in e wined and
mu ually agi a ed. Only by cons uc ing China’s in e na ional poli ical economy based on he
ac ual changes in con empo a y China and he wo ld can i e lec he p o ound changes in he
cou se o wo ld his o y and mo e clea ly demons a e China’s unde s anding and p oposi ions
on co ec ly unde s anding and handling ela ions wi h he ou side wo ld om he gene al
end o human de elopmen , he gene al pa e n o changes in he wo ld and he gene al
his o y o China’s de elopmen .
1. Dis inc i e ea u es o China’s in e na ional poli ical economy dis inguishing om
wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy
The wo ld oday is unde going p o ound changes unseen in a cen u y. The deepening o wo ld
mul ipola i y, economic globaliza ion, social in o ma iza ion and cul u al di e si y ha e
b ough p o ound changes o he in e na ional poli ical and economic landscape o med a e
Second Wo ld Wa . As we en e he wen y- i s cen u y, changes in he global go e nance
sys em and in e na ional o de a e accele a ing. In pa icula , unde he impac o he global
inancial c isis in 2008 and he COVID-19 epidemic in 2020, he ins abili y and unce ain y o
g ea changes ha e become inc easingly p ominen , and he in e na ionaliza ion o
in e na ional poli ics and he poli iciza ion o in e na ional economy ha e made he
ela ionship be ween poli ics and economy close han e e be o e. Whe he i is igno ing
he changes in poli ical ac o s and explo ing economic e iciency only wi hin he es ablished
in e na ional powe s uc u e and poli ical amewo k, o igno ing he ole o economic ac o s
and s udying he in e na ional sys em only om he pe spec i e o poli ics and powe
s uggles, bo h ha e become inc easingly emo e om eali y. Only h ough an in-dep h
unde s anding o he mechanism o in e ac ion be ween poli ics and economics a he
in e na ional le el can we accu a ely g asp he con adic o y mo emen s o he in e na ional
si ua ion and he e olu iona y ends o wo ld his o y, and p omo e peace, s abili y and
p ospe ous de elopmen in he wo ld.
In he 1970s, in e na ional poli ical economy, which is dedica ed o b eaking down he
disciplina y bounda ies be ween poli ical science and economics in o de o explo e he
co ela ion be ween poli ics ( he s a e) and economics ( he ma ke ) in in e na ional ela ions,
began o eme ge in Wes e n academia. In he cou se o mo e han 50 yea s o de elopmen so
a , he wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy has gone h ough h ee majo changes. 1970s
and 1980s, a ound he decline o U.S. hegemony and he ans o ma ion o he wo ld economy,
he “ i s gene a ion” o schola s s i e o seek he co ela ion be ween poli ics (s a e) and
economy (ma ke ) in in e na ional ela ions. The in e dependence heo y ocuses on he
coope a ion and mu ual cons ain s be ween coun ies in he in e na ional economy; he
hegemonic s abili y heo y ocuses on he in luence o hegemonic coun ies on he s abili y o
he in e na ional poli ical and economic sys em and i s dis ibu ion o powe ; he dependency
heo y and he wo ld-sys em heo y ocus on he inequali y o he in e na ional poli ical and
economic sys em; and he in e na ional mechanism heo y ocuses on he ole o in e s a e
coo dina ing mechanisms such as in e na ional o ganiza ions. In he 1990s, he end o he Cold
Wa and he collapse o he So ie Union pushed o wa d he p ocess o economic
globaliza ion, and he “second gene a ion” o schola s ocused hei esea ch on he connec ion
be ween domes ic poli ics and he in e na ional poli ical economy sys em. I he “ i s
gene a ion” schola s pu mo e emphasis on he “dep h o hough ”, hen he “second
gene a ion” schola s pu mo e emphasis on he “no maliza ion o me hods”. They began o
bo ow he heo ies and quan i a i e esea ch me hods o neoclassical economics, and
China Poli ical
Economy
235
in eg a ed compa a i e poli ical economy and in e na ional poli ical economy in o a uni ied
analy ical amewo k o cons uc “Open Economic Poli ics” (OEP). A e he 2008 wo ld
inancial c isis, he “ hi d gene a ion” o schola s began o di e ge in hei e lec ions on he
c isis and he ans o ma ion in he wo ld poli ical economy, wi h di e ences in hei
unde s anding o “whe he in e na ional poli ical economy is poli ical science, economics, o
poli ical economy” and “whe he in e na ional poli ical economy is Ame ican, B i ish, o
global” (Wang, 2009,2021).
In gene al, Wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy has g adually de eloped in he p ocess
o answe ing new p oblems b ough abou by in e na ional mone a y e o m, in e na ional
ade and in es men ac i i ies led by he Uni ed S a es and o he Wes e n coun ies since he
1970s, so i is mo e abou discussing he poli ical and economic ela ions be ween Wes e n
coun ies and he ou side wo ld. I s esea ch has a ela i ely ob ious endency o Wes e n-
cen ism and lacks su icien a en ion o he non-Wes e n wo ld. Unde he new si ua ion ha
eme ging ma ke coun ies and de eloping coun ies ha e become he main con ibu o s o
global economic g ow h, and in he con ex o inc easingly mul ipola wo ld poli ics and
di e si ied wo ld economy, i has become inc easingly di icul o e lec he ich conno a ion,
he cha ac e is ics o The Times and he his o ical end o he g ea changes ha ha e no been
seen in a cen u y. Many schola s a e conce ned abou he phenomenon o “China’s absence” in
he s udy o Wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy (Wang, 2006;Cha, 2006;Song, 2011;Xu,
2020). Keohane (2009), one o he ep esen a i e igu es o Wes e n in e na ional poli ical
economy esea ch, has also said ha wi hou he s udy o he China issue, in e na ional
poli ical economy will become a Hamle wi hou he p ince.
Mo e impo an ly, he de elopmen o Wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy mo e and
mo e clea ly ega ds s a e au onomy as he logical s a ing poin o analysis. They belie e ha
he s a e is an ac o ha can make decisions independen ly o he economy and socie y, bu hey
ha e no gi en a sa is ac o y answe o he ques ion o whe e he au onomy o he s a e comes
om and how o imp o e i [1] (Acemoglu e al., 2005). This e lec s one o he undamen al
de ec s o he Wes e n s a e heo y, ha is, i can only see he an agonism be ween he s a e and
he socie y, and he e o e only s udies he con adic o y con lic be ween he s a e and he
ma ke in he sense o he an agonism be ween poli ics and economy. In ac , poli ics, as a
supe s uc u e, is ul ima ely de e mined by he economic ounda ion, and he e a e o en mo e
p o ound economic oo s hidden behind poli ical ac i i ies. Acco ding o Ma xis his o ical
ma e ialism, he s a e does no always exis , bu appea s a e socie y has been di ided in o
di e en classes, a ising ou o socie y bu claiming o be abo e i and inc easingly aliena ed
om i (Ma x and Engels, 2009a). This means ha he na u e and beha io o he s a e should
be unde s ood no only in e ms o he an agonism be ween he s a e and socie y, ha is, he
s a e is dynamic and can use all kinds o policies and coe ci e powe o in luence economic
and social li e, bu also in e ms o he uni y be ween he s a e and socie y, ha is, he s a e, as a
supe s uc u e, ep esen s he in e es s o he uling class and embodies he will o he uling
class. The posi ion o he uling class in social p oduc ion de e mines he economic base o he
s a e. The e o e, he s udy o he co ela ion be ween poli ics (s a e) and economy (ma ke )
should no only see he an agonis ic side o he wo, ha is, he coun e ac ion o poli ical
ac i i ies o he economic base, bu also he uni ying side o he wo, ha is, he de e mining
ole o he economic base on poli ical ac i i ies, so as o unde s and he mechanism o he
in e ac ion o poli ics and economy a he in e na ional le el in he sense ha he s a e and he
ma ke a e bo h an agonis ic and uni ying.
En e ing in o he 21s cen u y, i has inc easingly become a consensus among schola s o
p omo e he cons uc ion o China’s in e na ional poli ical economy wi h Chinese
pe spec i es, Chinese discou se and Chinese na a i es. Howe e , many s udies s ill base
hei pe cep ions o he na u e, dynamics and de elopmen al e olu ion o he in e na ional
poli ical economy sys em on Wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy heo ies. Gene al
Sec e a y Xi Jinping clea ly poin ed ou ha “al hough he e a in which we li e has unde gone
emendous and p o ound changes compa ed wi h he e a in which Ma x li ed, we a e s ill in
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he his o ical e a indica ed by Ma xism om he pe spec i e o he 500 yea s o wo ld
socialism” (Xi, 2017a,b). In his ega d, Ma xis wo ld his o y hough no only p o oundly
e eals he o ma ion, cha ac e is ics, essence and de elopmen end o wo ld his o y, bu also
links he u u e des iny o human socie y wi h he his o ical mission o he p ole a ia , and
p o ides scien i ic guidance o people o g asp he gene al end o his o y while exe ing hei
ini ia i e o seize he his o ical oppo uni y o win he his o ical ini ia i e. The e o e, China’s
in e na ional poli ical economy should u ilize he posi ion, iewpoin s and me hods o he
Ma xis concep o ma e ial his o y o obse e, in e p e and lead he imes. Based on China’s
p ac ice bu wi h a global ou look, i should sys ema ically summa ize China’s o iginal
heo ies and success ul expe iences ha ha e p o oundly changed he cou se o wo ld his o y
while p omo ing he inno a i e de elopmen o Ma xism, so as o deepen i s unde s anding o
he laws and egula ions go e ning he p o ound and complex changes in capi alism and
in e na ional poli ical and economic ela ions. I will scien i ically g asp he new
cha ac e is ics and ends o he de elopmen o he p esen e a and p o ide academic
suppo o he co ec unde s anding and handling o China’s ela ions wi h he ou side wo ld.
Speci ically, he dis inc i e ea u es o China’s in e na ional poli ical economy ha
dis inguish i om Wes e n in e na ional poli ical economy a e mainly e lec ed in he
ollowing: Fi s , he de elopmen o he p oduc i e o ces is ega ded as he ul ima e decisi e
o ce de e mining he o ma ion o wo ld his o y and he p og ess o human socie y, and i is
emphasized ha wo ld his o y is o med in he p ocess o he es ablishmen and de elopmen
o he capi alis mode o p oduc ion, bu ha he u he de elopmen o wo ld his o y does no
belong o capi alism. China’s in e na ional poli ical economy should examine he changing
end o con empo a y capi alism and i s impac on he in e na ional poli ical pa e n,
in e na ional economic pa e n and he change o he in e na ional sys em om he
con adic o y mo emen o he p oduc i e o ces and he ela ions o p oduc ion, and he
economic base and he supe s uc u e, and unde s and he essence, beha io and impac o
he s a e om he pe spec i e o he s a e and he socie y being bo h an agonis ic and uni ied.
Second, om he de elopmen o The Times o g asp he long- e m coexis ence and
compe i ion be ween socialism and capi alism o he his o ical p ocess and powe compa ison
si ua ion. Gene al Sec e a y Xi Jinping emphasized ha “we a e s ill in he his o ical e a
indica ed by Ma xism”, ha is, he e a o ansi ion om capi alism o socialism. Al hough he
o e all pa e n o “s ong capi al and weak socie y” has no changed, he his o ical e olu ion o
he wo ideologies and social sys ems o socialism and capi alism, as well as hei i al y, has
unde gone a majo shi in a o o socialism. China is leading and shaping socialism in he
wen y- i s cen u y, and is pushing o a shi om capi alis -led globaliza ion o socialis -led
globaliza ion. China’s in e na ional poli ical economy should elucida e majo issues such as
whe e China has come om and whe e i is going, wha kind o wo ld China is p omo ing, and
how a de eloping China can ge along wi h he wo ld om he dialec ical uni y o he essence
and cha ac e is ics o he imes. Thi d, i should ocus on he dynamic na u e o wo ld
in e ac ion. Wi h di e en coun ies and na ions o m uni e sal ies h ough wo ld in e ac ion,
he adap a ion o ela ions o p oduc ion o he equi emen s o he le el o de elopmen o
p oduc i e o ces does no necessa ily ake he o m o a di ec co espondence wi hin an
isola ed coun y o na ion, bu a he may ake he o m o a dynamic choice h ough
in e ac ion, so ha he p oduc i e o ces (o ela ions o p oduc ion) o one coun y and na ion
co espond o hose o ano he . The e o e, he de elopmen o each coun y and na ion
depends no only on i s own his o ical cha ac e is ics, bu is also in luenced and cons ained by
he wo ld de elopmen end. China’s in e na ional poli ical economy should s a om he
in insic consis ency be ween China’s de elopmen and he wo ld’s de elopmen end, and
cla i y ha i m his o ical sel -con idence and enhanced his o ical ini ia i e a e he success
codes o he Communis Pa y o China o da e o s uggle and be good a s uggling, and o
keep mo ing om ic o y o new ic o y.
China Poli ical
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2. The hough o a communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind is he la es
de elopmen o Ma xis wo ld his o y hough
Ma xis wo ld his o y hough is a powe ul heo e ical weapon o e ealing he essence o he
imes, g asping he cha ac e is ics o he imes, and leading he end o he imes. In his speech
a he con e ence commemo a ing he 200 h anni e sa y o Ma x’s bi h, Gene al Sec e a y Xi
Jinping, while emphasizing he as ness and dep h o Ma xis hough and heo y, ou lined in
nine aspec s he hough and heo y ha should be key o he s udy and p ac ice o Ma xism,
one o which is he Ma xis hough on wo ld his o y (Xi, 2018).
His o ically, al hough in e ac ions be ween di e en peoples and coun ies began wi h
long-dis ance ade in he 10 h cen u y A.D., his ade was based on he eudal mode o
p oduc ion and me ely complemen ed and egula ed he sel -su icien economy. I was no
un il he disco e y o geog aphy a he end o he 15 h cen u y ha o me ly isola ed coun ies
o socie ies we e uly linked oge he by capi alis colonial expansion, hus o ming he
in e na ional sys em [2] (Ma x and Engels, 2009b). Ma x and Engels ounded he his o ical
ma e ialism, which o he i s - ime placed capi alism in he cou se o human his o y o
examine he na u e, cha ac e is ics and his o ical ends o he capi alis e a, and e ealed he
gene al laws o human social de elopmen and he special laws o mo emen o capi alis
socie y, hus scien i ically cla i ying ha wo ld his o y did no always exis . I is he esul o
he uni e sal associa ion o o me ly isola ed na ions and s a es o med by he capi alis mode
o p oduc ion in he p ocess o i s wo ldwide expansion. The exploi a ion, opp ession and
ensla emen o colonial coun ies by mas e coun ies a e he main con en s and cha ac e is ics
o he in e na ional poli ical and economic sys em in he capi alis e a. The con adic ion
be ween he socializa ion o p oduc ion inhe en in capi alism and he capi alis p i a e
possession o he means o p oduc ion de e mines he law o his o ical de elopmen and he
gene al end ha capi alism will ine i ably be eplaced by socialism, and poin s ou he oad o
eedom and libe a ion o all mankind.
In he second hal o he nine een h cen u y, capi alism g adually mo ed owa ds monopoly
in he p ocess o concen a ion o p oduc ion and capi al, and he s uggle o colonies among
capi alis coun ies became inc easingly in ense. Lenin saw no only he exploi a ion and
plunde o he colonized coun ies by he so e eign s a es, bu also he compe i ion, con lic
and con on a ion be ween he so e eign s a es in o de o edi ide he colonies and ed aw
hei sphe es o in luence, hus poin ing ou ha “ he bou geoisie has been ans o med om an
ascending, ad anced class in o a descending, declining, in insically dead, eac iona y class”
(Lenin, 2009). The une enness o capi alism’s de elopmen de e mines ha socialism canno
iumph in all coun ies a once, bu will “ i s iumph in a ew o e en in a single capi alis
coun y” (Lenin, 2012). This was Lenin’s o iginal con ibu ion o he Ma xis idea o wo ld
his o y, which p omo ed he g ea leap om heo y o p ac ice o socialism. A e he Oc obe
Re olu ion, wo ld his o y en e ed he e a o ansi ion om capi alism o socialism. Since hen,
he So ie Union and China ha e each es ablished he wo ld’s i s socialis coun y and he
wo ld’s la ges socialis coun y, which no only changed he ace o he socialis coun ies and
he des iny o hei people, bu also led o he na ional libe a ion mo emen o he wo ld’s
opp essed peoples agains impe ialism and colonialism. Acco dingly, he long- e m
coexis ence, compe i ion and coope a ion be ween he wo social sys ems ha e become he
basic ea u es o he ansi ion om capi alism o socialism, p o oundly in luencing he
s uc u e, pa e n, con adic ions and con lic s, as well as he de elopmen and e olu ion o
he in e na ional poli ical and economic sys em in many poli ical, economic, cul u al and
social aspec s, and de e mining he u u e des iny o human socie y.
China’s e olu ion, cons uc ion and e o m ha e p o oundly in luenced he cou se o
wo ld his o y, and ha e also made impo an con ibu ions o he inno a ion and de elopmen
o Ma xis hinking on wo ld his o y. As Gene al Sec e a y Xi Jinping said: “Ma xism has
p o oundly changed China, and China has g ea ly en iched and de eloped Ma xism” (Xi,
2022). To summa ize, he o iginal con ibu ion o he Communis Pa y o China o Ma xis
wo ld his o y hough in he 20 h cen u y mainly include h ee heo e ical achie emen s: Fi s ,
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he unde s anding o he si ua ion o he wo ld e olu ion and he di ec ion o wo ld his o y
a e he Oc obe Re olu ion led o he o ma ion o he idea ha “ he Chinese e olu ion is pa
o he wo ld e olu ion”. I was made clea ha he his o ical p ocess o he Chinese e olu ion
should be di ided in o wo s eps: he new democ a ic e olu ion and he socialis e olu ion,
hus answe ing a se ies o in e ela ed ques ions abou he ela ionship be ween he socialis
e olu ion and he wo ld e olu ion, he na u e and asks o he Chinese e olu ion, and he
wo ld signi icance o he Chinese e olu ion, and opening up he oad o inno a ion and
de elopmen o Ma xism by combining i s basic p inciples wi h he conc e e eali ies o China.
Secondly, he idea o he “middle g ound” and he “di ision o he wo ld in o h ee wo lds” has
been o med ou o an unde s anding o he e olu ion o he wo ld pa e n a e he ic o y in
he Second Wo ld Wa , he e-es ablishmen o he in e na ional o de , and China’s posi ion
and ole in he wo ld’s poli ics and economy. I has i mly opposed hegemonism, colonialism
and acism, and has aken a pa h o independence and au onomy ha does no in ol e
dependence on o he s, does no in ol e plunde ing o he s, and will ne e be a hegemon.
Thi dly, wi h an unde s anding o he cha ac e is ics o The Times and he end o
de elopmen a e he wo ld en e ed a mul i- ie ed pa e n a e he Cold Wa , he idea o
“peace and de elopmen ” became he heme o The Times, hus gi ing ull play o he
ad an ages o he socialis sys em, abso bing he ine achie emen s o all human ci iliza ions,
including capi alism, and o ging a socialis pa h wi h Chinese cha ac e is ics ha guides
China’s p ospe i y and de elopmen . To make socialism ull o s ong i ali y and i ali y, and
in he p ocess o coexis ence and s uggle wi h capi alism con inue o de elop and g ow.
Since he beginning o he 21s cen u y, al hough he o e all pa e n o “s ong capi al and
weak socie y” has no changed, he apid p og ess o capi alism has come o an ab up end a e
he 2008 wo ld inancial c isis, and he g ea changes in he wo ld ha ha e no been seen in a
cen u y ha e accele a ed, and he changes in he wo ld, he changes in The Times, and he
changes in his o y a e un olding in an unp eceden ed way. Gene al Sec e a y Xi Jinping has
o med he idea o building he communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind on he basis o
in eg a ing he g ea changes unseen in a cen u y and o e all s a egy o he g ea eju ena ion
o he Chinese na ion, con ibu ing Chinese wisdom and Chinese powe o lead he wo ld’s
in e ac ions in he 21s cen u y.
Fi s , he hough o he communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind ad oca es adap ing o
and guiding economic globaliza ion in a way ha bases de elopmen on mu ual bene i and
win-win si ua ions a he han on exploi a ion and plunde . His o ically, economic
globaliza ion was o med in he cou se o he es ablishmen and de elopmen o he
capi alis mode o p oduc ion, and he imbalance o capi alis de elopmen has de e mined ha
economic globaliza ion has bo h posi i e and nega i e e ec s on de eloped capi alis
coun ies and de eloping coun ies. By engaging in p o ec ionism and a oiding globaliza ion,
we seem o be a oiding he nega i e e ec s o economic globaliza ion, bu we a e also gi ing
up he posi i e e ec s o economic globaliza ion. The only co ec choice is o ace i
posi i ely, adap o and guide economic globaliza ion, and elimina e i s nega i e e ec s. The
economic globaliza ion, as ad oca ed by he idea o a communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o
mankind, is based on mu ual espec and equal consul a ion, wi h he undamen al pu pose o
win-win coope a ion and sha ed cons uc ion, expanding in e na ional coope a ion by inding
poin s o con e gence be ween he in e es s o all coun ies, and apping in o he kine ic ene gy
o de elopmen by means o inno a i e de elopmen me hods. The inclusi eness o
de elopmen should be enhanced so ha economic globaliza ion can be e bene i e e y
coun y and e e y na ion.
Secondly, he hough o he communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind upholds he
concep o global go e nance ea u ing ex ensi e consul a ion, join con ibu ion and sha ed
bene i s, espec s cul u al di e si y, p omo es and main ains mul ipola i y in he wo ld, and
esolu ely opposes hegemonism and powe poli ics. The essence o he Fi e P inciples o
Peace ul Coexis ence, pu o wa d by China in he 1950s, is so e eign equali y, opposi ion o
impe ialism, hegemony and colonialism, and he p omo ion o he es ablishmen o jus and
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easonable in e na ional ela ions. While he Fi e P inciples o Peace ul Coexis ence ocus on
c ea ing a a o able ex e nal en i onmen o na ional independen de elopmen in he con ex
o he cold wa , he idea o a communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind ocuses on he
common des iny o humankind and emphasizes he building o a new ype o in e na ional
ela ions in o de o sol e he global p oblems aced by humankind in common. I no only
emphasizes so e eign equali y and p omo es he democ a iza ion o in e na ional ela ions,
bu also aims o make he global go e nance sys em be e e lec he changes in he
in e na ional landscape and mo e balanced in e lec ing he will and in e es s o he majo i y o
coun ies, especially eme ging ma ke coun ies and de eloping coun ies. A new ype o
in e na ional ela ions should be o ged wi h win-win coope a ion a i s co e and p omo e
common de elopmen h ough ex ensi e consul a ion, join con ibu ion and sha ed bene i s.
Thi dly, he hough o communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind a aches impo ance o
he leading ole o inno a ion in de elopmen , con o ms o he equi emen s o social
in o ma iza ion wi h open inno a ion, and ad oca es sus ainable de elopmen . “De elopmen
is he mas e key o sol ing all p oblems” (Xi, 2017a,b), al hough many in e na ional con lic s
can be a ibu ed o geopoli ical, powe , eligion, e hnic and o he ac o s a he in e na ional
poli ical le el, he esolu ion o in e na ional con lic s ul ima ely depends on de elopmen . A
p esen , a new ound o scien i ic and echnological e olu ion and indus ial change is
econs uc ing he global inno a ion map, eshaping he global economic s uc u e, b inging
adical changes o global de elopmen and human p oduc ion and li e. Inno a ion is he i s
d i ing o ce, and a coun y ha can mas e he au onomy o inno a ion is bound o g asp he
ini ia i e o de elopmen . Gene al Sec e a y Xi Jinping a aches g ea impo ance o
independen inno a ion, bu he especially emphasized ha “Independen inno a ion should be
pu sued in an open en i onmen , a he han behind closed doo s. We should ga he ene gy and
s eng h om e e y pa o he wo ld” (Xi, 2020a). Only by building a win-win pa ne ship
unde he hough o communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind can we b eak down he
ba ie s o he low o knowledge, echnology, alen s and o he inno a ion ac o s, espond o
he equi emen s o he u he de elopmen o social in o ma iza ion, and join ly deal wi h he
common challenges o mankind, such as u u e de elopmen , ood secu i y, ene gy secu i y,
human heal h, clima e change, e c., so as o make science and echnology wo k o he people
o he wo ld, and b ing a new impe us o he global de elopmen . Only by ac i ely ca ying ou
exchanges and coope a ion in he ield o ecological ci iliza ion unde he condi ions o
openness and inno a ion, coo dina ing he ela ionship be ween mankind’s own de elopmen
and he de elopmen o na u e h ough he ad ancemen o in o ma ion science and
echnology and g een science and echnology, and p omo ing he sha ing o ui s can we
ul ima ely sol e he p oblem o mankind’s sus ainable de elopmen . As Gene al Sec e a y Xi
Jinping said: “De elopmen is meaning ul only when i is inclusi e and sus ainable”
(Xi, 2020b).
3. The hough o he communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind opens up a new ealm
o China’s in e na ional poli ical economy
The g ea changes unseen in a cen u y a e no only an e a o wo ldwide exchanges o ideas and
cul u es, bu also an e a o b illian ideas and g ea heo ies. The cons uc ion o China’s
in e na ional poli ical economy is no only o c ea e a “Chinese school” o in e na ional
ela ions, bu mo e impo an ly o be able o examine he de elopmen end and majo issues
acing he wo ld oday om he heigh o wo ld his o y, so as o s and on he igh side o
his o y. I cons uc s he discou se sys em and academic sys em o China’s in e na ional
poli ical economy o unde s and and g asp he changes o he wo ld, The Times and he his o y.
I will p o ide academic suppo and con ibu e Chinese wisdom o he in-dep h e lec ion and
answe o he ques ion o he imes: Wha ’s he wo ld coming o, and wha should we do
abou i ?
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Insis ing on p omo ing he building o a communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind is an
impo an elemen o Xi Jinping’s o eign a ai s hough on socialism wi h Chinese
cha ac e is ics in he new e a, and an impo an pa o Xi Jinping’s hough on socialism wi h
Chinese cha ac e is ics in he new e a, which embodies China’s global ision, wo ld-
mindedness and g ea -powe commi men o uni y i s own de elopmen wi h ha o he wo ld.
The hough o he communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind has gi en Chinese
in e na ional poli ical economy a dis inc i e epochal, scien i ic and p ac ical cha ac e , which
is no only an impo an achie emen o obse ing, in e p e ing and leading he imes wi h
Ma xism, bu also a conc e e embodimen o p omo ing he inno a ion and de elopmen o
Ma xism wi h Chinese p ac ice, and opens up a new ealm o he cons uc ion o Chinese
in e na ional poli ical economy.
Fi s , he hough o he communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind is he la es
de elopmen and cen alized mani es a ion o Ma xis wo ld his o y hough in he wen y-
i s cen u y. His o ically, he capi alis mode o p oduc ion, while p omo ing a g ea e deg ee
o uni e sal in e ac ion in he wo ld, has also gi en ise o many new global p oblems in he
poli ical, economic, cul u al and ecological sphe es, making he in e na ional communi y o
he wen y- i s cen u y ace de ici s in go e nance, us , peace and de elopmen . Today,
when he in e connec edness and in e dependence o all coun ies in he wo ld ha e deepened
o an unp eceden ed ex en , hese p oblems can no longe be e ec i ely analyzed and sol ed in
he o iginal Wes e n-cen e ed in e na ional o de , bu a he , we ha e o uphold he wo ld iew
and me hodology o dialec ical and his o ical ma e ialism, and ecognize and unde s and he
wholeness and cohe ence o he wo ld’s in e ac ions in he con adic o y mo emen s o he
economic base and he supe s uc u e. The de elopmen o Ma xism in he 19 h and 20 h
cen u ies has led o an in-dep h c i ical s udy o in e na ional ela ions unde he dominance
and con ol o he capi alis mode o p oduc ion, deepening ou unde s anding o he
con adic o y mo emen s o he in e na ional sys em and hei socio-economic consequences.
As he la es de elopmen and concen a ed embodimen o Ma xis wo ld his o y hough in
he 21s cen u y, he hough o a communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind u he ollows
and applies Ma xis wo ld his o y iew o cons uc i ely explain he g ea changes unseen in a
cen u y. To c ea e new oppo uni ies in he mids o c ises and open new si ua ions in he mids
o changes, we will p o ide ideas and p og ams o sol ing he global p oblems common o
mankind and cons uc ing a mo e easonable in e na ional poli ical and economic o de . This
p o ides he esea ch posi ion and undamen al pu pose o he cons uc ion o China’s
in e na ional poli ical economy, and p o ides he undamen al adhe ence o he wo ld ou look
and me hodology.
Secondly, he hough o a communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind is based on he
ac ual changes in China’s ela ions wi h he wo ld, e lec ing he cha ac e is ics o The Times
ha ha e no been seen in a cen u y. Socialism wi h Chinese cha ac e is ics has en e ed a new
e a, which is no only a new his o ical junc u e in China’s de elopmen , bu also a new chap e
in he wo ld socialis mo emen . In he p ocess o inc easingly s epping in o he cen e o he
wo ld s age, China has ans o med i sel om a passi e ecipien o he in e na ional poli ical
and economic o de in he pas o an ac i e pa icipan , p oac i e builde and ou s anding
con ibu o . The p o ound changes in China’s ela ionship wi h he wo ld a e undamen ally
econ igu ing he space and pa e n o coexis ence be ween socialism and capi alism, and he
coexis ence and compe i ion be ween he wo sys ems is he key o in luencing he di ec ion o
he g ea change ha has no been seen in a cen u y. The opic o The Times is he d i ing o ce
o heo e ical inno a ion. The hough o he communi y wi h a sha ed u u e o mankind
ocuses no only on ealizing he Chinese d eam o he g ea eju ena ion o he Chinese
na ion, bu also on con inuously e i alizing he i ali y o socialism so as o make Chinese
con ibu ions o wo ld peace and de elopmen . This lays a ealis ic ounda ion o he
cons uc ion o China’s in e na ional poli ical economy and es ablishes a mo e dis inc i e
esea ch heme and main line.
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