A systematic review and bibliometric analysis on agribusiness gaps in emerging markets

Banno , Richa d Kwasi; A hu , Kingsley Ko i
A icle
A sys ema ic e iew and bibliome ic analysis on
ag ibusiness gaps in eme ging ma ke s
Resea ch in Globaliza ion
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Sugges ed Ci a ion: Banno , Richa d Kwasi; A hu , Kingsley Ko i (2024) : A sys ema ic e iew and
bibliome ic analysis on ag ibusiness gaps in eme ging ma ke s, Resea ch in Globaliza ion, ISSN
2590-051X, Else ie , Ams e dam, Vol. 8, pp. 1-24,
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Re iew
A sys ema ic e iew and bibliome ic analysis on ag ibusiness gaps in
eme ging ma ke s
Richa d Kwasi Banno
*
, Kingsley Ko i A hu
Depa men o Ag ibusiness Managemen and Consume S udies, Uni e si y o Ene gy and Na u al Resou ces, Sunyani, Ghana
ARTICLE INFO
Keywo ds:
Ag ibusiness
De eloping coun ies
Ag ip eneu ship
Inno a ion
Gaps
Globalisa ion
ABSTRACT
Despi e he nume ous oppo uni ies o e ed by globalisa ion in mos ag ibusiness sec o s o A ican and Asian
economies, he sec o is s ill s uggling o capi alise on hese oppo uni ies and ca ch up wi h he ends in
de eloped and eme ging ma ke s. Consequen ly, he cu en s udy sys ema ically examined he gaps in he
ag ibusiness indus y in A ica and Asia and hei signi ican e ec s on i s g ow h in he eme ging global ma ke .
Using bo h quali a i e and quan i a i e app oaches, we employed he PRISMA echnique in iden i ying 122
ele an a icles om Google Schola and Scopus da abases. The da a was analysed using Bibliome ic ools such
as VOS iewe , R-package Bibliome ix and MS Excel. The esul s e eal ha publica ions on he e olu ion o he
ag ibusiness indus y and i s gaps ha e inc eased o e he pas 15 yea s, wi h he majo i y o he jou nals
expanding hei scope o p io i ize he economic de elopmen o he ag icul u e sec o in bo h A ica and Asia.
Schola s om de eloping and de eloped coun ies obse ed a high le el o in ellec ual collabo a ion. Likewise,
he in es men in ag ibusiness esea ch p ojec s was also a he middle peak, wi h less unding om de eloping
coun ies’ go e nmen s. Jou nals on ag ibusiness a e limi ed, pa icula ly downs eam ag ibusinesses, wi h only
one jou nal ocussing speci ically on ag ibusiness s udies in de eloping coun ies. Fi e majo gaps cha ac e ised
he ag ibusiness sec o , including business managemen and en ep eneu ship skills and aining gaps, inade-
qua e knowledge and skills o he you h, inadequa e skills and knowledge among emales in ag ibusiness, and
echnology and inno a ion gaps. Ba ie s and challenges such as poo go e nance and ins i u ional e o ms,
social and cul u al no ms, poo ma ke sys ems, and inadequa e low o in o ma ion wi hin he ag ibusiness
indus y we e also iden i ied as gaps. The indings sugges ha go e nmen s o de eloping economies should
commi unds o ag ibusiness p ojec s and esea ch p ojec s ailo ed o sol e de eloping coun ies’ issues o spa k
he necessa y gains om he ag ibusiness sec o .
In oduc ion
The impac o globalisa ion and ade openness has been sensed
ac oss all sec o s in bo h de eloping and de eloped coun ies (Monaco,
2023; Amo nki ikai and Cha oen a , 2024). I has in luenced he
adequa e le els o esou ces (human, physical and inancial) a ailable in
an economy and o e all p oduc i i y (Badu-P ah e al., 2023; Ajam
e al., 2023). Though globalisa ion’s ole in economic g ow h canno be
unde es ima ed, i is known ha openness o ade o libe alisa ion o
ade is no a gua an ee o economic g ow h, howe e , no na ional
economy has enjoyed long- un g ow h wi hou being engaged in o eign
ade and in es men (Ande son e al., 2023; Badu-P ah e al., 2023).
Fo ins ance, i is a c ucial d i e o economic e iciency gi en ha
opening up o ade helps in dec easing signi ican ly educed ma k-ups
(Rod íguez del Valle and Fe n´
andez V´
azquez, 2024; Saxe , 2024); en-
hances he pe o mance o ag icul u al i ms and co po a ions as hey
adhe e o s anda d ope a ional p inciples o enhance hei co po a e
esponsibili ies (Ma os-Ped e o e al., (2024); enables ag ibusiness
i ms and co po a ions o adap o a global ag i ood ma ke con ex
cha ac e ized by high compe i ion and concen a ion, he eby encou -
aging he ag ibusiness i ms o es ablish expansion s a egies h ough
me ge s, acquisi ions o s a egic alliances o inc ease hei ma ke sha e
and expand hei geog aphical scope o ac ion (Ma os-Ped e o e al.,
2024).
No wi hs anding he eno mous con ibu ion o he ag ibusiness in-
dus y o he GDP o many de eloping coun ies in Asia and A ica and
he bene i s eme ging om globalisa ion, he indus y is also aced wi h
many gaps ha e a d i s p og ess; making i challenging o he sec o
* Co esponding au ho .
E-mail add esses: [email p o ec ed] (R. Kwasi Banno ), [email p o ec ed] (K. Ko i A hu ).
Con en s lis s a ailable a ScienceDi ec
Resea ch in Globaliza ion
jou nal homepage: www.sciencedi ec .com/jou nal/ esea ch-in-globaliza ion
h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j. esglo.2024.100214
Recei ed 26 Decembe 2023; Recei ed in e ised o m 13 Ma ch 2024; Accep ed 13 Ma ch 2024
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
2
o ma ch up he eme ging ma ke end and capi alised on he nume ous
oppo uni ies posed by globalisa ion. Meanwhile, a emedy o hese gaps
equi es ca e ul conside a ion o he pe o mance o he ag ibusiness
indus y o enable de eloping coun ies o achie e SDGs e icien ly and
e ec i ely and, mos impo an ly, espond o he changes posed by
globalisa ion (Louw e al., 2013; Chebbi, 2010; Usman, 2016; Dias e al.,
2018; P amanik, 2021; La ie e al., 2023). To ully ac ualise he po-
en ials ele an o achie ing he SDGs o he ag ibusiness sec o may
demand a call o a shi in he s a egic implemen a ion o policies,
cogen e o ms, and p og ammes by he go e nmen , NGOs, and o he
ag icul u al dono s (Bose e al., 2018; FAO, 2022; Banno e al., 2022).
The changes also equi e adap ing o ma ke changes due globalisa ion,
shi ing consume beha iou , s ic e en i onmen al egula ions, ood
sa e y and p oduc quali y imp o emen s, bio echnology, big da a, alue
chain in eg a ion, and sus ainabili y (Bose e al., 2018; Lan e al., 2020;
A hu e al., 2024; Banno e al., 2023).
Gene ally, be o e he implemen a ion o he UN Sus ainable Goals,
ag icul u e in A ica and Asia was ini ially seen as a low- ech sec o wi h
limi ed dynamics un il ecen ecogni ion, whe e he sec o has been
seen as an a enue o job c ea ion, po e y elimina ion and solu ions o
ood insecu i y issues in bo h egions (Aulisi e al., 2015; Dias e al.,
2019a). The ag icul u al sec o has e ol ed h ough di e en phases,
like ag icul u al en ep eneu ship (o he wise e e ed o as ag ip e-
neu ship in his s udy) and ag ibusiness (Dias e al., 2019b). He e,
ag ibusiness applies business, en ep eneu ship, inancial, accoun ing,
and human esou ces managemen p inciples o capi alise on oppo u-
ni ies along he ag icul u al alue and supply chains. Gi en his, ag i-
business emphasises sol ing social and economic challenges h ough
p o i -making ac i i ies on ag icul u al alue and supply chains (Ade-
sina and Fa ou , 2016; Adelakun e al., 2019; Oli ei a, 2019; Soa a
e al., 2020; Banno e al., 2022).
Despi e he impo ance and po en ial o he ag ibusiness indus y,
he indus y is associa ed wi h nume ous gaps, such as inadequa e
ele an en ep eneu ial, echnical and manage ial skills, low echno-
logical ad ancemen , and ad e se clima ic condi ions coupled wi h he
ageing ag icul u al popula ion in de eloping coun ies (Van Rooyen,
2014; Musa e al., 2018; Fi z-Koch e al., 2018; Ba zola e al., 2020;
Oli ei a e al., 2020; Banno e al., 2021). Also, low inno a ion man-
agemen and scale-up en ep eneu ial ini ia i es cha ac e ised he
ag ibusiness indus y. Likewise, poo ex ension se ice linkage be ween
ag ip eneu s and ag icul u al s a u o y bodies, owne ship as well as
managemen challenges (Bahua, 2018; Quaicoo and Banno , 2023), and
lack o p ope educa ional e o ms pose some o he challenges
hampe ing he g ow h o he indus y (Ducke , 2008; Tho o e al., 2021;
Bose e al., 2017; Shuk i e al., 2017).
Taking hese in o accoun , se e al p e ious empi ical s udies
endea ou ed o explain he skills and knowledge gaps among se e al
s akeholde s and ac o s in he ag ibusiness indus y in A ica. Fo
ins ance, Tes amicheal & Ayele (2018) examined he ela ionship be-
ween ag ibusiness de elopmen and you h employmen in E hiopia,
whe eas in Kenya, (Mulwa e al., 2023) analysed he knowledge gap
among a me s’ sui able c op selec ion. In Benin, (Tho o e al., 2021)
desc ibed he cha ac e is ics o ag ip eneu s and knowledge and skills
gaps. Compe ency aining needs o global sou h in e na ional wo ke s
in ag o o es y we e also examined by Flanagan e al. (2023). Likewise,
inancial li e acy compe encies among women ag ip eneu s we e s ud-
ied. In Papua New Guinea, a s udy was done on app oaches o de el-
oping lea ne - and p oblem-cen ed eaching ma e ials o o e come
ag ibusiness challenges by smallholde a me s (Hainze e al., 2023).
Meanwhile, o e coming hese challenges can help imp o e he ag i-
business indus y in de eloping coun ies and con ibu e immensely o
achie ing UN SDGs (Amano , 2019; De ko a e al., 2022).
Se e al li e a u e e iews ha e been pe o med on hese empi ical
s udies o consolida e he indings o u u e esea ch and policy di ec-
ion in ag ibusiness. Fo example, Zougmo ´
e and Pa ey (2022)
e iewed pieces o li e a u e on he gende ed knowledge gaps on he use
o ICT in ag icul u e and clima e esponse in Wes A ica; (Lei ˜
ao e al.,
2024) e iewed he li e a u e on he capabili ies o ag ibusinesses and
pe o mance; Akella e al. (2023) e iewed he li e a u e on blockchain
echnology usage o sus ainable ag icul u e by e alua ing he enable s
and ba ie s; he adop ion o blockchain echnology o inno a i e and
sus ainable and a me s ag ibusiness decision-making and pe o mance
(Ta amuel-Ta amuel e al., 2023). Rela i e o in e en ions, Yami e al.
(2019) e iewed he li e a u e on se e al ag ibusiness in e en ions and
hei ela ionship o ag ibusiness pa icipa ion among he you h. On he
o he hand, Babu e al. (2016) e iewed ag ibusiness educa ion o e ings
and iden i ied capaci y gaps o policy and p ac ice ecommenda ions.
No wi hs anding hese e iews and empi ical s udies, he e emains
e idence o agmen ed li e a u e on ag ibusiness gaps ha equi e deep
e iew and consolida ion o e ec i e policy o mula ion, ecommen-
da ions, and u u e s udies o add ess he sca e ed na a i es and
iden i y po en ial a eas o imp o emen . Besides, mos o hese s udies
we e no cen ed on he combined eme ging economies o A ica and
Asia. Fu he , he li e a u e used in mos e iews was ew, and biblio-
me ics, a c i ical ool o e alua ing he e olu ion o s udies in li e a y
e iews, was a ely used. This s udy, he e o e, ca e ully syn hesizes
exis ing li e a u e on he scope o he ag ibusiness sec o and i s gaps in
eme ging ma ke s o A ica and Asia. This is he i s s udy ha sys-
ema ically e iews ex ensi e li e a u e wi hin he 15-yea publica ion
ange on he discou se by employing bo h sys ema ic li e a u e e iew
(SLR) and bibliome ics in e alua ing he e olu ion o he ag ibusiness
indus y and i s gaps in A ica and Asia.
To achie e he objec i es and d aw insigh ul conclusions on he
cu en subjec , he ollowing ques ions guided he esea che s in
d awing aluable conclusions: (a) Wha a e he publica ion ends and
he e olu ion o he ag ibusiness indus y in A ica and Asia? (b) Wha
a e he gaps wi hin he ag ibusiness? and (c) Wha a e some o he
challenges a ec ing he g ow h and p og ess o he ag ibusiness in-
dus y o achie e sus ainable de elopmen goals in A ica and Asia?
These ques ions guided he au ho s in inding po en ial and ele an
pape s and d awing insigh ul conclusions on he cu en discou ses.
Me hodology
Consis en e alua ion o accep able pape s o sys ema ic e iews
and bibliome ic analyses is c ucial o suppo ing esea ch hypo heses
using scien i ic sea ch engines like Google Schola and Scopus (Don hu
e al., 2021). A icles we e iden i ied and ca e ully assessed using he
sys ema ic e iew app oach p oposed by Mohe e al. (2010) and B ine
and Denye (2012). The app oaches in ol e (1) he de elopmen o
esea ch ques ions and objec i es o he s udy, (2) he iden i ica ion o
po en ial a icles using ecognised scien i ic sea ch engines, (3) a icles
assessmen and sc eening o conside a ion, (4) se ing eligibili y
c i e ia which include bo h Inclusion and Exclusion and (5) da a
ex ac ion and coding which allow o a ho ough assessmen o a icle
con en s and analysis. The echniques ha e u he been explained
below.
A icle sea ch and iden i ica ion S a egy
The choice o scien i ic da abase (sea ch engines)
Choosing a speci ic scien i ic da abase o conduc ing esea ch plays
a c ucial ole in he esea ch p ocess and he conclusions es ablished
om he indings (Falagas e al., 2008; Mongeon and Paul-Hus, 2016).
The a icles o he s udy we e e ie ed om Google Schola and
Else ie ’s Scopus da abases. Fo decades, using hese wo da abases
oge he wi h Thomson Reu e s’s Web o Science has been pa amoun in
conduc ing sys ema ic e iews and bibliome ic analyses. The choice o
p e e ences o he wo da abases is much linked o he academic a -
gumen s su ounding he co e age and me ics o he wo da abases. Fo
ins ance, ecen longi udinal s udies on he compa ison o he co e age
and me ics o Google Schola s, Scopus and Web o Science by Ha zing
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
3
and Alakangas (2016) and Ma ín-Ma ín e al. (2018) indica e ha
Google Schola p o ides mo e comp ehensi e co e age and me ics and
ha Scopus and Web o Science we e ai ly simila in e ms o co e age.
Howe e , based on g ow h Else ie ’s Scopus was ound o ha e a highe
g ow h a e compa ed o Google Schola and Web o Science. This is
because Scopus has ecen ly commi ed o expanding i s co e age o p e-
1996 publica ions and ci a ions u he (Ha zing and Alakangas, 2016;
Mongeon and Paul-Hus, 2016). A li le subs an ial g ow h was also
obse ed in he Thomson Reu e s Web o Science, wi h a sligh me ic
a ia ion in he publica ion and ci a ion ac oss disciplines. O e all, he
publica ion and ci a ion me ics o Scopus and Web o Science we e
ound o be di e en . The a ia ions in co e age and me ics ac oss he
h ee da abases equi e he applica ion o cau ion when using any o he
da abases, gi en ha hey all ha e hei s eng h and weaknesses
(Falagas e al., 2008). Acco ding o Mongeon and Paul-Hus (2016), i is
ecommended o employ mul iple da abases when conduc ing a sys-
ema ic e iew and bibliome ic analysis o add ess he issue o biases.
Gi en hese a gumen s, he au ho s employed Google Schola and Sco-
pus o expound on he scope o he discou se and d aw insigh ul con-
clusions om he s udy. Howe e , publica ions e ie ed om he
o me we e c osschecked wi h Beall’s lis o p eda o y jou nals o
ensu e he e iew did no include pape s o low quali y and p eda o y
pape s.
A icles e ie ing s a egy and he choice o sea ch s ings in bo h da abases
The i s s a egy in ol ed a p elimina y sea ch o a icles explo ing
he scope o he ag ibusiness indus y. The key e m ‘Ag ibusiness’ was
i s used o gene a e mo e po en ial scien i ic a icles om bo h sea ch
engines, gi en he scope o he s udy. Fu he mo e, an ad anced sea ch
was conduc ed wi h Boolean sea ch ope a o s using cogen keywo ds
and ph ases which include he ollowing: “Ag icul u al AND en ep e-
neu ship”; “Ag icul u al En ep eneu ial”, “Ag icul u al” OR “Ag i-
business” AND “En ep eneu ship”; “Ag ibusiness AND Managemen ”;
“En ep eneu ship AND Ag icul u al De elopmen ”; “Ag icul u al
En ep eneu ship AND Fa me ” OR “P oduce You h AND Ag ibusiness
AND En ep eneu ship”; “You h AND Ag icul u al AND En ep eneu -
ship”; “Ag icul u al P oduc ion AND En ep eneu ship Skills”; “Ag i-
cul u al En ep eneu ship AND De eloping Economies’ T aining”;
“Ag ibusiness skills AND Cons ain s OR Challenges”; and “Ag ibusiness
AND Skills De elopmen ”. The keywo d s ings we e u he combined
wi h wo ds like “A ica” and “Asia”.
Likewise, he echniques we e u he used in e ie ing he a icles
in Google Schola which en ailed he use o he ad anced sea ch p o-
cedu e in Google Schola his ime wi h an as e ik (*) and in e ed
Fig. 1. The b eakdown o he a icle e ie al p ocess om bo h he wo epu able da abases (Google Schola & Scopus-S ep 1).
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
4
commas (“”) a ached o he keywo ds and ph ases used. Fo ins ance,
using he ad anced echnique we used wo ds like *ag icul u al en e-
p eneu ship *ag icul u al* *ag icul u al* *en ep eneu ship*; “Ag i-
cul u al skills” *ag ibusiness en ep eneu ship* *ag ibusiness*
*managemen *”; “*en ep eneu ship*” “*ag icul u al De elopmen *”;
*ag icul u al en ep eneu ial* * a me * *p oduce * *you h* *ag ibusi-
ness en ep eneu ship* “*A ica*” “*Asia*” *skills* “ aining”.
Relying on he ad anced echnique in bo h sea ch engines, adop ing
as e isks and in e ed commas as pa o he key s ings in Google
Schola and boolean sea ch ope a o s, oge he wi h he ini ial gene ic
e m, ende ed 3,148 po en ial a icles. 1,148 pape s su aced om
Google Schola , whe eas 2000 po en ial a icles we e e ie ed om he
Scopus da abase (Fig. 1). The high olume o pape s om Scopus may be
a ibu ed o he au ho s’ consis ency and s inged usage o ad anced
sea ch ope a o s in Scopus as compa ed o Google Schola .
A icle sc eening and eligibili y c i e ia
The a icle sc eening s a egy ho oughly conside s all he po en ial
pape s e ie ed o quali y assessmen and inclusion (Mohe e al.,
2010). A ypical compa ison o all he a icles e ie ed om bo h sea ch
engines allowed o he exclusion o duplica e publica ions om he
sa ed lis . One housand one hund ed and o y-six (1,146) a icles we e
duplica es excluded in he i s s age o he a icle assessmen (see also
Fig. 1). This included 518 pape s om Google Schola and 628 pape s
om Scopus. The duplica e pape s in Google Schola we e he scien i ic
a icles ha appea ed mul iple imes in ins i u ional (au ho a ilia ions)
eposi o ies, associa ion eposi o ies, and schola ship communi ies like
academia, Resea chGa e, and o he s. This is e y common in Google
Schola as a common sea ch will esul in he same a icle appea ing in
he main jou nal and o he eposi o ies. 628 pape s ound duplica es in
Scopus we e documen s ha e-appea ed in he o he sea ch engine
(Google Schola ). A his poin , 630 pape s e ained in ou google
schola sa ed lis while 1,370 documen s we e main ained in Scopus o
e alua ion. To ca e ully assess and de e mine he quali y o pape s o be
included in ou s udy, he au ho s u he expo ed he RIS ile o ma
om he wo da a bases and me ged all in Mendeley Desk op applica ion
so wa e (No e: Mendeley desk op is di e en om Mendeley Re e ence
app. The o me has mo e ad anced ea u es and command han he la e ).
The combina ion o he a icles summed up o 2,002 a icles in ou
newly c ea ed Mendeley desk op olde (See Fig. 1). Using he ad anced
echniques in Mendeley we u he sc eened he a icles; his ime, he
a icle i le and abs ac we e conside ed. In addi ion, i ele an subjec
a eas, non-pee - e iewed pape s (i.e., pape s om p eda o y jou nals)
and pape s published in languages o he han English we e excluded,
educing he a icle olume o 621 pape s (see Figs. 1 & 2). Mo e so,
ano he se o eligibili y c i e ia was conside ed, o ins ance, limi a ions
we e se on a icles published om 2008 o 2023 (15 yea s) wi h a ocus
on he ag ibusiness indus y in Asia and A ica. P oceeding wi h he
limi a ion c i e ia, a ca e ul e iew o he pape ’s con en s esul ed in
he exclusion o 504 pape s published ou side he s udy’s scope. The use
o he Mendeley desk op app in conduc ing sys ema ic li e a u e e iew
has o e he yea s, been employed by many esea che s in consolida ing
sca e ed ideas on a discou se (Reis e al., 2022; S auss e al., 2024;
Ka och e al., 2024; Jana hanan e al., 2024). In addi ion, possible
Fig. 2. A icles Iden i ica ion and Ex ac ion P ocedu e (S ep 2).
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu

Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
5
easons o he documen size educ ion may be in e ed om he un-
de lying esea ch ques ions and p o ocols guiding au ho s o achie e he
s udy’s o e all objec i e.
A icle quali y assessmen and inclusion
A o al o 117 a icles we e inally e ained, gi en he con en e iew
and he esea ch ocus o he pape s on bo h con inen s. Howe e , a
ca e ul e-assessmen o he excluded a icles in he p e ious s age
esul ed in 5 ele an a icles, la e added o he 117 e ained a icles,
making 122 pape s (see Fig. 2). The econside a ion o 5 pape s esul ed
om a e isi o subjec a eas excluded in he p eceding s age. A con en
analysis o he 5 a icles quali ied hei inclusion in he 117 documen s.
E en in he la es PRISMA s a emen , a sec ion indica ing ha e-
assessing pape con en o eligibili y is c ucial, gi en ha he scien i-
ic documen con eys in o ma ion ele an o ac ualising he s udy’s
objec i es (Page e al., 2021). The e o e, 122 pape s we e inally
included, ex ac ed, coded and analysed o achie e he s udy’s
objec i es.
Da a subjec i i y and alida ion
Resea che s should ca e ully assess a icles using high-quali y sci-
en i ic pape s om eliable jou nals o ackle economic and social issues.
I is common o see non-pee - e iewed pape s ha e hei way in o some
epu able sea ch engines’ da abases (Beall, 2015). Acco ding o Wallace
and Pe i (2018), p eda o y jou nals o e quick manusc ip e alua ions
and sell jou nal space, o en wi h a icle ees assessed pos -accep ance,
boos ing e enue. The e ie ed pape s we e subjec ed o he Aus a-
lian Business Dean Council Lis and Beall’s lis o p eda o y jou nals o
au hen ica e hei quali y. This was done o weed ou p eda o y jou nals
and a icles deemed o sell lousy science o inancial gains (Beall,
2015).
Me hod o da a analysis
Bibliome ics echnique
I is ce ainly ge ing ha de o s ay up- o-da e wi h e e y hing ha is
published owing o he a e a which academic a icles a e being
eleased. The ocus on empi ical inpu has led o se e al disjoin ed
esea ch s eams (Ellegaa d and Wallin, 2015; A ia and Cuccu ullo,
2017). The g owing numbe o publica ions has impeded he abili y o
ac i ely ga he e idence h ough a se ies o p io esea ch pape s and
gain expe ise. Because o his, li e a u e e iews a e becoming mo e
impo an in syn hesising p e ious esea ch indings o e ec i ely use
he body o knowledge, ad ance a pa icula line o inqui y, and o e
e idence-based insigh in o he p ac ices o exe cising and main aining
p o essional judgemen and expe ise (A ia and Cuccu ullo, 2017;
Don hu e al., 2021).
Many schola s use bo h quali a i e and quan i a i e li e a u e e iew
me hodologies o comp ehend and a ange p io esul s o cu a e and
syn hesise he indings o p e ious academic publica ions. Among hese,
he use o bibliome ics in he s a is ical assessmen o science, scien is s,
o scien i ic ac i i ies has he po en ial o p o ide a me hodical, ans-
pa en , and epea able e alua ion p ocess (A ia and Cuccu ullo, 2017;
Mo a e al., 2017; Kuma e al., 2023; A hu e al., 2024). Bibliome ics
p o ides mo e unbiased and us wo hy analyses han o he ypes o
analysis. In he ace o o e whelming new in o ma ion, da a, and
concep ualiza ion de elopmen , bibliome ics has become inc easingly
impo an . I o e s a s uc u ed analysis o la ge amoun s o da a, en-
ables one o in e ends o e ime, iden i ies shi s in discipline
bounda ies, inds he mos p oli ic schola s and ins i u ions, and p e-
sen s an o e all pic u e o ex ac esea ch (Cuccu ullo e al., 2016; Yu
e al., 2020; Don hu e al., 2021; A ia and Cuccu ullo, 2022).
Typically, bibliome ic analysis me hods need specialised analy ical
ins umen s like he R-package (Bibliome ix), Gelphi, Ci e Space, Ci -
eNe Explo e , His Ci e, VOS iewe , e c. None heless, many academics
ha e equen ly u ilised he R-package and VOS iewe o conduc
esea ch mo e closely aligned wi h he p esen me hodology (Linnen-
luecke e al., 2019; Dia e al., 2019a; Mo al-Munoz, 2020). Resea ch and
analysis may be conduc ed in a ee, lexible, and ex endable en i on-
men using hese wo comp ehensi e s a is ical ools wi h many ea u es
(Linnenluecke e al., 2019).
We used VOS iewe and he R-Package (Bibliome ix) ool o
analyse he main da a we ob ained om he Google Schola and Scopus
da abase o gi e an o e iew and pinpoin he gaps in he ag icul u al
indus y in bo h a eas. To p o ide a ho ough o e iew o he cu en
discou se, we ha e ouched he su ace o some o he common ea u es
o bo h ools, gi en hei ex ensi e and wide ea u es in pe o ming
science mapping and pe o mance analysis, which in u n go beyond he
goals o he cu en s udy (Linnenluecke e al., 2019; Hallinge and
Ko aˇ
ce i´
c, 2019; Don hu e al., 2021). Some o he pe o mance and
science mapping analysis ea u es adop ed include Wo d Mapping (Co-
occu ence o Keywo ds), In ellec ual Collabo a ion Ne wo k (Co-
au ho ship by Coun y), ne wo k isualiza ion o jou nals connec i i y
(Ci a ion by Sou ces), Scien i ic P oduc ion (Yea ly ends o a icles),
and Th ee-Field Plo (Coun y, Keywo d & Sou ces). S a is ical ech-
niques complemen each o he , hence gi ing a bigge pic u e o he gaps
wi hin he ag ibusiness indus y. We ha e, he e o e, concisely dis-
cussed he echniques employed below o connec he do s on sys ema ic
li e a u e e iew and Bibliome ic analysis.
(a) Wo d Mapping (Keywo d Co-occu ences Ne wo k)
By employing wo d co-occu ences o map and clus e e ms aken
om au ho keywo ds, i les, o abs ac s in a bibliog aphic collec ion,
wo d mapping is used o c ea e he concep ual s uc u e o a amewo k
(A ia and Cuccu ullo, 2017). The size o a node in a wo d map ep esen s
how equen ly i occu s. The co-occu ences o he nodes in he same
publica ions a e shown by he cu es connec ing hem. The numbe o
imes he wo keywo ds appea oge he inc eases wi h he in e al
be ween nodes. Simila ly, wi h wo d clouds, he on size indica es how
equen ly he wo ds occu oge he (Van Eck and Wal man, 2013; Yu
e al., 2020; Mous akas, 2022). Likewise, he s eng h o he bonds is
e lec ed in he hickness o he link. Keywo ds g ouped and joined by an
a ow ha e a ela ionship and a sha ed concep ual meaning (Oli ei a
e al., 2022).
(b) In ellec ual Collabo a ion Ne wo k
In a scien i ic collabo a ion ne wo k, au ho s a e he nodes, and co-
au ho ship is he link. I is among he mos well-s udied ypes o scien-
i ic collabo a ion (Banno e al., 2023; A hu e al., 2024) o he
linkages and i ems ha make up he in ellec ual ne wo k. The e o e, a
collec ion o i ems wi h he connec ions among hem makes up a
ne wo k. De e mining he in ellec ual s uc u e ypically leads o he
es ablishmen o non-o e lapping clus e s. Clus e s a e no equi ed o
encompass e e y elemen on a map comple ely. An i em’s weigh inside
a clus e signi ies i s signi icance (Van Eck and Wal man, 2013).
The e o e, an i em wi h a g ea e weigh is conside ed mo e essen ial
han an i em wi h a lowe weigh in he ne wo k ep esen a ion o he
in ellec ual s uc u e. Again, he g ea e he connec edness among au-
ho s acco ding o a ilia ion o na ion, he hicke he ela ionship be-
ween he clus e s (Van Eck and Wal man, 2013; Don hu e al., 2021b;
A ia and Cuccu ullo, 2022).
(c) Ne wo k Visualisa ion (Ci a ion by sou ces)
We emb aced he ci a ion by sou ce ne wo k isualisa ion. I ems a e
now shown in ne wo k isualisa ion by hei label and, by de aul , a
ci cle. The i em’s weigh a ec s bo h he label’s size and he i em’s
ci cle. Bo h he i em’s label and i s ci cle enla ge wi h inc easing weigh .
An i em’s colou is dic a ed by he clus e s o which i belongs (Van Eck
and Wal man, 2013; A ia and Cuccu ullo, 2017). Also, he
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
6
isualisa ion’s dis ance be ween he wo jou nals oughly ep esen s
how linked hey a e o one ano he in e ms o co-ci a ion ela ionships.
Gene ally, he s onge he ela edness o wo jou nals, he close hey
a e posi ioned o one ano he . Lines indica e he s onges co-ci a ion
connec ions be ween jou nals (Van Eck and Wal man, 2013). Colou
ep esen s jou nal impac ac o s since he s udy used o e lay isual-
isa ion. Fo example, blue-colou ed jou nals ha e an impac ac o o
less han 1, g een-colou ed jou nals ha e an impac ac o o abou 2,
and yellow-colou ed jou nals ha e an impac ac o o h ee o mo e
(Wal man e al., 2010; Van Eck and Wal man, 2010).
(d) Scien i ic P oduc ion (Yea ly T end o A icles)
The quan i y o pape s published wi hin he assessmen yea ange is
highligh ed in he scien i ic p oduc ion, p o iding a dis inc publishing
pa e n on he discou se. The amoun o scien i ic ou pu was es ima ed
based on annual pa e ns and he subjec ’s de elopmen since i is
ele an o ex ending he ield’s each and o ecas ing u u e de-
elopmen s (Oli ei a e al., 2022; Hossain e al., 2020). To gene a e
desc ip i e s a is ics on he numbe o documen s de i ed om he
Scopus da abase, we used a con en ional Excel shee wi h bibliome ic
ools like R-Package-bibliome ix and VOS iewe . In he ollowing sec-
ion, he a icles’ ends a e u he displayed g aphically. Many aca-
demics ha e emb aced he scien i ic ou pu (yea ly ends o a icles) o
analyse he pe o mance o jou nals and he yea ly e olu ion o publi-
ca ions on a gi en subjec in a speci ic esea ch domain (Dias e al.,
2019a; Goodell e al., 2023; Banno e al., 2023).
(e) Th ee-Field Plo
U ilising he R-package Bibliome ix, he Th ee- ield Plo analysis
was ca ied ou . Using a Sankey g aph o plo se e al cha ac e is ics a
once is a help ul ea u e o e ed by he web-based applica ion (Linnen-
luecke e al., 2019). A Sankey plo wi h a sec ion size p opo iona e o
he node alues is used in a ield plo o illus a e he ela ionship be-
ween he h ee ields. All i ems in he h ee ield plo s a e posi ioned
beside ec angles (Ingale and Palu i, 2020). One way o depic he
ela ionship be ween elemen s in a sepa a e ow is by a ying he
ec angle’s heigh . The heigh o he ec angle inc eases wi h he
s eng h o he elemen al ela ionships (Igwa an and Edoamodu, 2021;
Phoong e al., 2022;). This me hod may es ima e he ela ionship among
a ew ac o s, such as au ho ship, keywo ds, coun y, e e ence, docu-
men , and jou nal sou ces (Linnenluecke e al., 2019). This s udy looked
a he ela ionships among essen ial ac o s like au ho keywo ds,
jou nal sou ce, and coun y. The in e p e a ion o he ela ionship be-
ween he chosen componen s o he con empo a y discou se has been
co e ed in he subsequen sec ion o he pape .
Resul s and discussions
Annual scien i ic p oduc ion (Publica ion Pa e ns)
Fig. 3 indica es he annual scien i ic publica ion o a icles published
on he cu en discou se. The numbe o documen s published wi hin he
i een yea s has been p esen ed. The de elopmen o he ag ibusiness
indus y in Asia and A ica has gained inc easing conce n o e he pas
15 yea s (see Fig. 3). Based on he documen size, 22 pape s, ep e-
sen ing 18.03 % o he o al a icles e ie ed, we e published in 2021,
signi ying he highes annual. Twen y-one (21) publica ions we e
eco ded in 2023 (signi ying 17.21 % o he o al publica ion), making i
he second-highes scien i ic p oduc ion yea . The yea 2020 also saw an
inc ease in publica ion olume, accoun ing o abou 12.129 %. This pu
he 2020 scien i ic p oduc ion yea in a hi d posi ion. A en-yea
assessmen o he annual scien i ic publica ion end indica es ha
only 49 pape s ( ep esen ing 40.160 % o he publica ions) we e pub-
lished om 2008 o 2018. This indica es he lowes annual scien i ic
ou pu on he scope o ag ibusiness and i s gaps in A ica and Asia.
Su p isingly, wi hin he i e-yea ange om 2019 o 2023, 73
(59.84 %) publica ions we e obse ed, which indica es he highes sci-
en i ic publica ion ou pu wi hin he i e-yea ange assessmen
compa ed o he las decade (see Fig. 3). The high olume o pape s may
be a ibu ed o he ag ibusiness indus y’s economic con ibu ion o
Fig. 3. Annual Scien i ic P oduc ion.
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
7
de eloping coun ies’ de elopmen , he ising o ag ibusiness speciali-
sa ion in academia as well as ag ibusiness educa ion, which has, o e he
yea s, gained inc easing conce n om go e nmen s and ag icul u al
o ganisa ions, wi h pape s inc easing om 2019 o 2023 (Chebbi, 2010;
Da is e al., 2012; O ache, 2017; Kaki e al., 2023). Fo ins ance, sci-
en i ic pape s published o he pas i e yea s ha e ocused on imple-
men ing and inco po a ing digi alisa ion in o ag ibusiness (A uahene-
Gima, 2019; Abdelnabby e al., 2020). Again, con en assessmen o he
a icles published wi hin he i e-yea ange e ealed he ocus on
women’s en ep eneu ship de elopmen in conjunc ion wi h he es ab-
lishmen o a me aining schools (Obayelu e al., 2020; Chilemba and
Ragasa, 2020; Ba zola e al., 2020), which could also be ano he possible
eason ( e e o Table 2). Ano he possible eason could be ha he
global pandemic (COVID-19), which had an immense implica ion on
many sec o s like ag ibusiness, a ac ed he a en ion o o ganisa ions
and schola s om 2019 o 2023 (Salman Abdou, 2020). The pandemic
also sha e ed many coun ies’ s a egic social and economic plans,
esul ing in ag ibusiness i ms’ low p oduc i i y pace and ag ibusiness
supply chain dis up ion.
In ecency, s udies ha e indica ed ha he ag icul u al sec o is one
o he majo con ibu o s o g eenhouse gases, which has a ac ed
inc easing conce n on he pa o schola s. This could be ano he pe ec
g ound o he high olume o publica ions o e he pas 5 yea s
(Chaudha y e al., 2023; Ch is ian e al., 2023). Meanwhile, he excess
emission o g eenhouse gases a ec s wea he a iabili ies, in luencing
ag icul u al p oduc ion and dis up ing ecosys ems in mos o A ica and
Asia (E ickson and Faus i, 2021; Ojango e al., 2023; Luo e al., 2023).
Global conce n o e g eenhouse gas emissions in ag icul u e d i es in-
e na ional o ganisa ions o de elop mi iga ion plans, add essing eco-
nomic de elopmen wi hin o he sec o s (Zhang e al., 2023; Luo e al.,
2023).
In e es ingly, he en-yea ange (2008–2018) assessmen o annual
scien i ic p oduc ion also indica es ha , e en hough only 40.50 % o
he pape s we e published on he cu en discou se wi hin ha pe iod
compa ed o he i e-yea ange (2019–2023), he less olume o he
a icles had he highes yea s o ci a ion as compa ed o he 73 pape s
(59.84 %) ( e e o Fig. 3). This may also be linked o ag ibusiness’s
cons an e olu ion and dynamics, which, o ins ance, has begun
inclining o new ag icul u al inno a ions and means o p oduc ion (Ben
Ama a e al., 2020; Osabohien, 2023). Ano he eason could be he
g owing and widening na u e o he global ag icul u al supply chain,
which has a ac ed schola ly a en ion o e he yea s (Lin e al., 2023).
The analysis p o es ha he sus ainabili y o he ag ibusiness indus y in
he ligh o achie ing he UN SDGs has gained much a en ion.
Jou nal impac assessmen
Jou nal pe o mance ca ied ou is p esen ed in Table 1 and Fig. 4.
The assessmen o jou nal ou pu was based on he jou nal’s o al pub-
lica ion and ci a ions, h-index, and subjec a eas. The pape s e ie ed
om Scopus and Google Schola emana ed om 93 jou nal sou ces. O
he 93 jou nals, only 30 o he jou nal sou ces me he eligibili y c i e ia
o he op anking (see Table 1). The op 30 jou nals published 58 pa-
pe s (47.5 %) on he discou se. F om he esul s in Table 1, he Jou nal o
Ag ibusiness in De eloping Economies (JADEE), managed by Eme ald
Publishing, had 7 publica ions ep esen ing 12.07 %, wi h a o al ci a-
ion o 36. The jou nal also had an h-index o 3, indica ing ha a leas
h ee o he publica ions ha e been ci ed a leas 3 imes, making i he
i s leading jou nal among he 30 sou ces. The inc easing numbe o
pape s om he JADEE may be a ibu ed o he jou nal’s concen a ion
on ag ibusiness s udies, pa icula ly on eme ging economies. I goes
wi hou admi ing ha jou nals concen a ing on ag ibusiness esea ch
a e limi ed in mos c edible publishing houses compa ed o con empo-
a ies in ag icul u al economics. This is because mos ins i u ions ha e
been unable o delinea e he dis inc ield o ag ibusiness om ex ension
and ag icul u al economics, limi ing he s udies needed o de elop he
ag ibusiness sec o . Jou nals need o de elop ag ibusiness-speci ic
jou nals i academia is o ad ance esea ch in he a ea in he coming
yea s. Fig. 5 shows he ecen pape s om he leading jou nals ci ed in
he Jou nal o De elopmen S udies and he Jou nal o Ag icul u al Ex en-
sion (see Fig. 5). The In e na ional Food and Ag ibusiness Managemen
Re iew (IFAMR), ully managed and con olled by he In e na ional Food
and Ag ibusiness Managemen Associa ion (IFAMA), appea ed in he
second posi ion wi h a comple e publica ion o 5 (8.62 %) (see Fig. 4 &
Table 1). The jou nal had an h-index o 2 wi h a o al ci a ion o 11. This
signi ies ha a leas wo o he jou nals’ pape s ha e been ci ed wice. I
is in e es ing o no e ha , jou nals in he ag ibusiness speci ically
dedica ed o ag ibusiness downs eam issues a e limi ed. This is su -
p ising since ag ibusiness s udies ha e inc eased o e he yea s. Pub-
lishe s would need o p io i ise and ha e jou nals dedica ed o a ious
issues on ag ibusiness, pa icula ly he downs eam.
Sus ainabili y (Swi ze land) and he Jou nal o Ag icul u al Ex ension
ook he hi d posi ion wi h a o al publica ion o 4 (6.89 %) and a o al
ci a ion o 51, highe han he i s wo leading jou nals (see Fig. 4).
Con e sely, he jou nal Sus ainabili y had an h-index o 3, indica ing ha
a leas h ee pape s ha e been ci ed a leas h ice. The Mul idisci-
plina y Digi al Publishing Ins i u e ully con ols he jou nal. Again, he
Jou nal o Ag icul u al Ex ension also had a o al ci a ion o 23 wi h an h-
index o 2, which signi ies ha a leas wo o he pape s om he jou nal
ha e been ci ed wice. Th ee pape s we e equally published by he
Jou nal o Ru al S udies, he Jou nal o A ican Business and he A ican
Jou nal o Economics and Managemen . The o al summa ion o hei
a icle olume cons i u es 15.51 %. The emaining jou nals, Wo ld
De elopmen , Li es ock Resea ch o Ru al De elopmen , Jou nal o En e -
p ising Communi ies, Cus o e Ag onegocio, Ag icul u al and Food Economics,
and Ag ekon, had 2 publica ions each, cons i u ing 20.68 % o he o al
pape s. Su p isingly, he jou nal Wo ld De elopmen had he highes
ci a ion sco e o 311 (also see Appendix 1). The jou nal also has an h-
index o 2, indica ing ha , a leas wo o he jou nal’s pape s ha e been
ci ed wice. Else ie Publishe s ully manages his jou nal, and i has he
wides Subjec a ea compa ed o he emaining 30 jou nals. Jou nals
like Food Policy ha e ci ed pape s om he Wo ld De elopmen Jou nal
(see Fig. 5). Based on he ci a ion sco e, he Jou nal o Ru al S udies had
he second-highes ci a ion sco e o 149. Again, his jou nal ocused on
subjec a eas such as social and poli ical sciences, geog aphy, and
planning and de elopmen .
Finally, he jou nals ha we e no conside ed in he op 30 esul ed
om he eligibili y c i e ia se by he au ho s in commu ing o he
jou nal’s local analysis. Howe e , he emaining 80 jou nals had subjec
a eas like Business, Managemen and Accoun ing (39), En i onmen al
Science (11), Compu e Science (5), Ene gy (6), Enginee ing (3), A s
and Humani ies (4), Decision Sciences (3), Ve e ina y (2), Chemical
Enginee ing (1), Chemis y (1), Ma hema ics (1), and Mul idisciplina y
(1). The assessmen o jou nal impac and subjec a eas shows ha , o e
he pas 15 yea s, ag ibusiness gaps in eme ging ma ke s ha e a ac ed
inc easing conce n ac oss all disciplines gi en he di e se subjec a eas
o he jou nals.
Funde /Sponso
Analysis o unding ins i u ions, he ins i u ion’s loca ion, he num-
be o documen s, and he speci ic pape s sponso ed ha e been p e-
sen ed in Table 2. A o al o 37 a icles, ep esen ing 30.32 % o all he
a icles e ie ed o he s udy, we e ully unded by 51 ins i u ions. To
d aw insigh ul conclusions based on he analysis p esen ed, a icles
we e indi idually assigned o he unding ins i u ions o elabo a e on he
sponso s’ signi ican e o , esul ing in 70 a icles pe he analysis. F om
he esul s, he agency In e na ional Fund o Ag icul u al De elopmen
(IFAD), which has i s headqua e s in I aly, ook he i s leading posi-
ion wi h a o al publica ion o 5 (7.14 %). O e he yea s, ag icul u al
de elopmen has been a he hea o he IFAD, speci ically in A ica.
Thei ocus has been on un eiling issues ela ing o you h pa icipa ion
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
8
Table 1
Jou nal Impac Assessmen .
Jou nal Subjec A eas Publishe TP TC H-
index
Au ho s
Jou nal o Ag ibusiness
in De eloping
Economies
Ag icul u al and Biological Sciences:
Ag icul u al and Biological Science
(Miscellaneous), & Social Sciences:
De elopmen , Economics Econome ics and
Finance
Eme ald Publishing 7 36 3 Obonyo e al., 2023; Singh and Kapoo ,
2023; Owo e al., 2023; De ko a e al.,
2022; Ba zoala Iza e al., 2020; Den oni
e al., 2020; Gill and Ma hu , 2018
In e na ional Food and
Ag ibusiness
Managemen Re iew
Business and In e na ional Managemen &
Ag icul u al and Biological Sciences: Food
Science
In e na ional Food and
Ag ibusiness Managemen
Associa ion
5 11 2 Lynch e al., 2014; Pa el, 2014; Van
Rooyen, 2014; Simpson and Cheong, 2014;
Suda shan Rao, 2012
Sus ainabili y
(Swi ze land)
Social Sciences: Geog aphical, planning and
De elopmen , Compu e Science: Compu e
Science & En i onmen al Sciences:
En i onmen al Science (Miscellaneous)
Mul idisciplina y Digi al
Publishing Ins i u e (MDPI)
4 28 3 Ga ima e al., 2023; Al uza a e al., 2021;
Soa a e al., 2020; Mohiuddin e al., 2020
Jou nal o Ag icul u al
Ex ension
Social Sciences: Educa ion, Social Sciences:
De elopmen & Ag icul u al and Biological
Sciences: Gene al Ag icul u al and Biological
Sciences
Ag icul u al Ex ension
Socie y o Nige ia
4 23 2 Adelakun e al., 2019; Musa e al., 2018;
Agba e o e al., 2018; Adesina and Fa ou ,
2016
Jou nal o Ru al S udies Social Science: Sociology and Poli ical Sciences,
Social Sciences: De elopmen , Social Sciences:
Geog aphy, Planning and De elopmen
Else ie 3 149 3 Paschen e al., 2021; Dias e al., 2019a; Dias
e al., 2019b
Jou nal o A ican
Business
Social Sciences: De elopmen , Social Sciences:
Geog aphy, Planning and De elopmen
Taylo & F ancis 3 3 Dossou e al., 2023; Michaela Quaicoo and
Banno , 2023; Kaki e al., 2023
A ican Jou nal o
Economic and
Managemen S udies
Economics, Econome ics and Finance: Gene al
Economics, Econome ics and Finance; Business
& Managemen and Accoun ing: Gene al
Business, Managemen and Accoun ing
Eme ald Publishing 3 23 2 Osabohien, 2023; Obayelu e al., 2020;
O ache, 2017
Wo ld De elopmen Social Science: Sociology and Poli ical Sciences;
Economics, Econome ics and Finance:
Economics and Econome ics; Social Sciences:
De elopmen & Social Sciences: Geog aphy,
Planning and De elopmen
Else ie 2 311 2 Bellema e and Bloem, 2018; Da is e al.,
2012
Li es ock Resea ch o
Ru al De elopmen
Ag icul u al and Biological Sciences: Animal
Science and Zoology
Cen o pa a la in es igacion
en Sis ema Sos enibles de
P oduc ion Ag opecua ia
2 8 2 Nkwasibwe e al., 2015; Ampai e and
Ro hschild, 2010
Jou nal o En e p ising
Communi ies
Economics, Econome ics and Finance:
Economics and Econome ics; Business,
Managemen and Accoun ing: S a egy and
Managemen & Business, Managemen and
Accoun ing: Business and In e na ional
Managemen
Eme ald Publishing 2 5 Khan e al., 2023
Cus o e Ag onegocio Business, Managemen and Accoun ing:
Accoun ing &, Ag icul u al and Biological
Sciences: Ag onomy and C op Science
Uni e sidade Fede al Ru al
de Pe nambuco
2 7 2 Bose e al., 2018; Bose e al., 2017
Ag icul u al And Food
Economics
Ag icul u al and Biological Sciences:
Ag icul u al and Biological Science
(Miscellaneous), Economics, Econome ics and
Finance: Economics and Econome ics &
Ag icul u al and Biological Sciences: Food
Science
Sp inge Na u e 2 0 1 Magbond´
e e al., 2023; Adeyanju
e al.,2023
Ag ekon Social Sciences: Geog aphy, Planning and
De elopmen , Economics, Econome ics and
Finance: Economics and Econome ics, &
Ag icul u al and Biological Sciences: Ag onomy
and C op Sciences
Taylo and F ancis 2 29 2 Louw e al., 2013; Ve meulen e al., 2008
A ican Jou nal o
Managemen
Business, Managemen and Accoun ing:
Business and In e na ional Managemen ;
Business, Managemen and Accoun ing:
S a egy and Managemen
Taylo and F ancis 1 8 1 Babu e al., 2016
A ican Jou nal o
Ag icul u al Resea ch
Ag icul u al and Biological Sciences: Gene al
Ag icul u al and Biological Sciences
Academic Jou nals 1 3 1 Maliwichi e al., 2011
A ican Jou nal o
Food, Ag icul u e,
Nu i ion and
De elopmen
SOCIAL Sciences: De elopmen ; Ag icul u al
and Biological Sciences: Ag icul u al and
Biological Sciences(miscellaneous)
A ican Schola ly Science
Communica ions T us
(ASSCAT)
1 1 1 Tho o e al., 2021
A ican Renaissance Social Sciences: Poli ical Sciences: and
In e na ional Rela ions; Social Science:
Sociology and Poli ical Sciences, Social
Sciences: Public Adminis a ion: Social Science:
De elopmen
Adonis and Abbey Publishe s
L d
1 2 1 AlabiOluwakemi e al., 2019
Ag a ian Sou h Social Sciences: Cul u al S udies Social Sciences
(miscellaneous)
Sage 1 20 1 Amano , 2019
Ag ibusiness Ag icul u al and Biological Sciences: Animal
Science and Zoology;
Wiley-Blackwell 1 0 1 Su e al., 2023
(con inued on nex page)
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
15
Eme gen hemes
Business Managemen and en ep eneu ship skills - aining gap (Clus e 1)
The ag ibusiness sec o is c ucial o economic de elopmen and
coun e balancing ood insecu i y, unemploymen , po e y, and en i-
onmen al damage in A ica and Asia (Wo ld Bank, 2020; Ben Ama a
e al., 2020). Cu en ly, bo h con inen s a e among he leading global
p oduce s o ood c ops such as cashew, co ee, cocoa, ea, mango,
g apes and palm oil (Tanui e al., 2012; Oli ei a e al., 2020; FAO, ECA,
AUC, 2021), wi h conside able amoun expo ed o e enue gene a ion
and weal h c ea ion (Wo ld Bank, 2020). Despi e i s signi ican con i-
bu ion, he e a e some gaps ha e a d he p og ess o he ag ibusiness
indus y (Osabohien e al., 2023). Globalisa ion and ade openness
ha e also c ea ed unheal hy compe i ion be ween local and in e na-
ional ag ibusiness indus ies. Fo ins ance, he adi ional me hod o
ag icul u al p oduc ion and poli icisa ion o business in de eloping
coun ies, oge he wi h aining and skill gaps, ha e been some o he
signi ican ba ie s o he g ow h o he ag ibusiness indus y (Maliwichi
e al., 2011), making i di icul o ag ibusiness alue chain ac o s o
capi alise on he nume ous job oppo uni ies wi hin he ag icul u al
alue chain (AFDB, 2017; Abdelnabby, 2020). Meanwhile, he o e -
hauling de elopmen o e e y coun y elies hea ily on en ep eneu -
ship (Rahman and Rahman, 2012). Inculca ing i in ag icul u al
p oduc ion accele a es he economic g ow h o coun ies ac oss he
globe (Singh and K ishna, 1994; Tho o e al., 2021).
De ac o, e alua ing i s e ec i eness equi es a comp ehensi e un-
de s anding o he scope o he ag ibusiness indus y, mos speci ically
he skill needs o all ac o s in ol ed in he alue chain (AlabiOluwakemi
e al., 2019). C ea ing a sus ainable ag ibusiness indus y equi es
ailo ing ele an and obus skills aining o mee he needs o a ge ed
ag ip eneu s in de eloping coun ies, as his can imp o e he o e all
pe o mance o all ac o s (Suda shan, 2012; Ma liyah e al., 2018).
Gi en his, go e nmen s in de eloping na ions ha e launched ag i-
business incuba ion p og ammes o e i alise ag icul u e, enhance
a me s’ en ep eneu ial skills, and p omo e you h pa icipa ion in ag-
ibusinesses; ye , he ag ip eneu s lack he equisi e skills o be mo e
e icien and mo e p oduc i e (Adeyanju e al., 2023; Kaki e al., 2023;
Magbond´
e e al., 2023).
A body o li e a u e posi s ha en ep eneu ship o ien a ion, inno-
a ion, echnological o ien a ion, and business oppo uni y ecogni ion
a e c ucial o ag ibusiness sus ainabili y and e icacy in mee ing
eme ging ma ke needs (Pa el, 2014; Fi z-Koch e al., 2018; Abdelnabby
e al., 2020; Asi , 2023; Kaki e al., 2023). Simila ly, essen ial skills such
as ma ke ing, managemen , en ep eneu ial, echnology, accoun ing,
inancial, isk managemen , and oppo uni y capi alisa ion (Ogunmo-
dede e al., 2017; Kucke z e al., 2017; Abdelnabby, 2020; Osabohien,
2023) a e c ucial needs o he ag ibusiness sec o . These skills, including
inno a ion, decision-making and isk- aking abili y, as well as coo di-
na ing a m ac i i ies, a e c ucial o ag ip eneu ship (Banno e al.,
2022). O e he yea s, schola s ha e a gued ha exposing a me s o
inno a ion and echnical aining has been impac ul in comba ing he
high le el o pos ha es losses, which in u n has imp o ed he sus-
ainable income o a me s (Ampai e and Ro hschild, 2010; Handayani
e al., 2020).
Going beyond assessing he e o and implemen a ion o ag ibusi-
ness p og ammes by go e nmen and NGOs in bo h egions o ca e ully
examine he scope o he ag ibusiness indus y and i s gaps, as well as
ele an ag ibusiness and en ep eneu ship (ag ip eneu ship) skills
needed— oge he wi h inc easing pa icipa ion in aining p o-
g ammes— emain c ucial o ag ip eneu s o ake on new oppo uni ies
along he chain. Apa om hese p og ammes, unde s anding he needs
o ag ip eneu s and c ea ing a suppo i e en i onmen h ough e ec i e
leade ship also ensu e he success and de elopmen o ag ibusinesses
(Hussain and Yaqub, 2010; Chebbi, 2010, 2011; Ga ima e al., 2023).
Mee ing global eme ging ma ke demand and c ea ing sus ainable
Fig. 10. Occu ence o Keywo ds.
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu

Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
16
u u es h ough ag icul u al p oduc ion also equi es placing much
impo ance on ele an skills aining ha is gea ed owa ds imp o ing
he en ep eneu ial skills o alue chain ac o s, gi en i s impo ance o
con ibu ing o he Uni ed Na ions’ SDGs (; Ba zola e al., 2020; Ola unji
and Ch is iana, 2020; Paschen e al., 2021). The e o e, add essing hese
skills gaps and p o iding a suppo i e en i onmen o a me s and
ag ibusiness alue chain ac o s can imp o e he indus y (Singh and
K ishna, 1994; Simpson e al., 2014; Kuma e al., 2018; Amano , 2019).
Inadequa e knowledge and skills o he you h in ag ibusiness (Clus e 2)
You h a e g ow h engines c ucial o economic de elopmen and
ad ancemen . In ad anced coun ies, de elopmen policies and educa-
ional e o ms ha e been implemen ed o encou age you h pa icipa ion
in he ag icul u al sec o as opposed o de eloping coun ies. These
policies and ag icul u al educa ional e o ms ha ness human capi al
esou ces o ans o m ag ibusiness (Adeyanju e al., 2021; Mmbengwa
e al., 2021). In de eloping coun ies, you h a e o en discou aged om
ag icul u al p oduc ion due o ou da ed, de-skilled labou , high in es -
men , and pe cep ion o he sec o as isky. Acco ding o Magbond´
e
(2023), ag icul u al educa ion e o ms in de eloping coun ies mos
o en neglec ag ibusiness- iendly ins i u ions in e ms o policy
o mula ion s uc u e de elopmen ; likewise, hese ins i u ions ha e a
g ea e impac on de eloping en ep eneu ship ai s in he you h in
de eloping coun ies. Addi ionally, o mal and in o mal ins i u ions
ha e been ound o play a signi ican ole in you h en ep eneu ship
de elopmen by in o ming en ep eneu ship decisions and ac i i ies
ha could ake ei he p oduc i e, non-p oduc i e o des uc i e o ms
(Baumol, 2007).
Poo ins i u ional e o ms ha e esul ed in unp oduc i e and
des uc i e ac i i ies such as en -seeking and co up ion o h i e,
cu bing p oduc i e en ep eneu ial ac i i ies (Magbond´
e, 2023). Many
schola s ha e a gued ha o mal ins i u ions in mos de eloping coun-
ies, o decades, ha e ailed o link ag icul u e cu iculums o eal-li e
ma ke and en ep eneu ship si ua ions o p omo e he de elopmen o
he ag ibusiness indus y (Embi e al., 2019; Adeyanju e al., 2021). The
ou da ed ag icul u al cou ses a he uni e si y le el a e no ailo ed o
mee he needs o he ag ibusiness indus y, lea ing many young g ad-
ua es des i u e and esul ing in high unemploymen , ood insecu i y, and
po e y in de eloping na ions (Ogunmodede e al., 2020). This issue has
been compounded by he lack o echnical and p ac ical skills o au-
ho i ies esponsible o eaching ag ibusiness p og ammes, making i
a duous o unlock he en ep eneu ial po en ial o he you h in bo h
A ica and Asia (O ache e al., 2017; Agba e o and Iwo ie, 2018).
Meanwhile, p o iding hands-on aining in he cu iculum o ag i-
cul u al cou ses can impac he en ep eneu ial abili y o he you h and
encou age hem o ake chances wi hin he ag icul u al alue chain
(Kilelu e al., 2022). Some schola s ha e also opined ha c i ical ac o s
such as beha iou al belie s ( he pe cei ed ease o di icul y o pe -
o ming he beha iou assumed o e lec expe ience as well as an ici-
pa ed impedimen s and obs acles), subjec i e no m belie s (social
p essu e o pe o m o no o pe o m a beha iou ), mo i a ion o
comply (beha iou and mo i a ion o obey o e e ence hope/expec a-
ion), con ol belie (belie o oppo uni y and esou ces ha indi iduals
own o conduc a beha iou ), con ol belie powe (powe o capabili y
ha is owned by one o con ol pe cei ed ac o s o acili a ing o
obs uc ing a beha iou ), and in en ions (a sense on some hing o
business ac i i y in ag icul u al sec o om ups eam o downs eam)
a e c i ical ac o s in luencing en ep eneu ial desi abili y, especially
among he you h o pa icipa e in ag icul u al p oduc ion (Ridha and
Wahyu, 2016).
Inadequa e knowledge and skills o emale and ma ginalised g oups in
ag ibusiness (Clus e 3)
The eminisa ion o he paid labou o ce e olu ionised he 20 h
cen u y, g an ing women economic eedom and signi ican social
ans o ma ion (Hussain, 2011). The ad en o a new consciousness and
ex ensi e public dialogue abou gende equi y has been accompanied by
a undamen al cul u al ans o ma ion (Wajcman, 2013; Mohiuddin
e al., 2020). The libe al commi men o gende equali y is now widely
acknowledged and e en codi ied in legisla ion (Mohiuddin e al., 2020).
Gende ai ness in Wes e n cul u es has p og essed, bu eme ging na-
ions, pa icula ly in Asia and A ica, ace challenges due o cul u al,
social, and legal con en ions. Feminisa ion in he paid labou o ce
limi s women’s pa icipa ion in ag ibusiness and en ep eneu ial skills
de elopmen p og ammes (Mus apha and Sub amania, 2016; Mkpado
and Mkpado, 2020; Fa ooq e al., 2020; Ba uah and Singh, 2020; Dao
e al., 2021; Salman Addou, 2021).
Fo ins ance, in Nige ia, emales a e mo e passiona e abou ag i-
cul u al p oduc ion, bu gende no ms lowe hei chances o en e ing
highe -p o i alue chains (Das e al., 2023). Likewise, in Eswa ini
(Swaziland), social no ms p e en women om engaging in o mal ac-
i i ies, leading male a me s o ha e mo e en ep eneu ial skills.
Inadequa e en ep eneu ship skills and gende gaps in ag ibusiness,
pa icula ly in A ica, in u n, ha e esul ed in a high le el o occupa-
ional sex seg ega ion (Da man o and Yulia i, 2016; Nkoumou Ngoa and
Song, 2021; Banno e al., 2021; Tho o e al., 2021; Oppong and Banno ,
2022).
P e ious s udies indica e ha gende dispa i y issues pe sis in Asia
due o social no ms and he s uc u e o legal sys ems (Mus apha and
Sub amaniam, 2016). One c i ical example o ecoun is he high le el o
gende dispa i y in he ag ibusiness indus y o India, which has esul ed
in women ag ip eneu s lacking inno a ion and en ep eneu ial skills
due o cul u al and social no ms (Meh a e al., 2021; Sudhee e al.,
2023). In Indonesia, gende occupa ional dispa i ies in ag ibusiness a e
a ibu ed o social, cul u al, and ins i u ional no ms p e en ing women
om occupying ce ain posi ions wi hin he ag icul u al alue chain
(De man o and Yulia i, 2016). Simila ly, in Saudi A abia, gende dis-
c epancies in oppo uni y, such as emale en olmen a es in schools
ha e been obse ed o be lowe han male en olmen a es, and his has
been one o he cu en issues unde discussion which ha e a ac ed he
a en ion o esea che s, policymake s and NGOs, gi en he signi ican
con ibu ion o he ag icul u e sec o o he economic de elopmen o
he coun y (Hassan e al., 2021; Pa een, 2022).
B oadly, gende disc epancies in ag icul u al p oduc ion impac
g ow h and human capi al, limi ing di e si y and de e ing coun ies
om apping in o a ailable human capi al (Che o ich e al., 2020;
Akh a e al., 2020; Oppong and Banno , 2022). Occupa ional inequi y
be ween men and women s i les he de elopmen o inno a i e ideas by
educing labou o ce e iciency (Kazandjian e al., 2019; Klasen, 2019;
Fa ooq e al., 2020; P ügl e al., 2021; Oppong and Banno , 2022).
P omo ing gende equali y in ag icul u al and ag ibusiness ini ia i es
enhances employmen and a me li elihoods (Hussain, 2011; P ama-
nik, 2021; Al uza a e al., 2021). Likewise, well-s uc u ed en ep e-
neu ial p og ammes and o mal ecogni ion o emales can accele a e
women’s pa icipa ion in he sec o and encou age hei in ol emen in
economic decision-making (Salman Abdou, 2021; Oppong and Banno ,
2022). Though he go e nmen , ins i u ional s uc u es, and cul u al
ac o s may hinde emales’ pa icipa ion in he labou ma ke (Oppong
and Banno , 2022), i is also impe a i e o know he willingness o in-
di iduals o app ecia e he oppo uni ies wi hin he ag ibusiness alue
chain and capi alise on hem. Mo e so, es ablishing s ong social ne -
wo ks is c ucial o encou aging women’s pa icipa ion in ag ibusiness
in de eloping coun ies and imp o ing engagemen and o e all pe o -
mance (Banno e al., 2020; Dossou e al., 2023).
Technology and inno a ions gaps in ag ibusiness (Clus e 4)
The ag icul u al p oduc ion e olu ion demands inno a ion and
echnological ad ancemen o ans o m he supply chain in o a alue
chain o enable ag ip eneu s o be mo e p oduc i e and e icien in
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
17
educing cos s and inc easing p o i s (A uahene-Gima and Amuzu, 2019;
Ben Ama a e al., 2020; Osabohien e al., 2023; Singh and Kapoo ,
2023). Adop ing inno a ions in he ag ibusiness indus y o sus ain-
abili y in de eloping na ions suppo s long- e m g ow h, lowe s p o-
duc ion cos s, boos s p o i s, conse es esou ces, and minimises
en i onmen al e ec s (Ben Ama a e al., 2020; Chak a a y e al., 2021;
Zhu, 2023). Technological inno a ions a e bene icial o main aining a
compe i i e edge and imp o ing he pe o mance o ag icul u al busi-
nesses (Asi , 2023). Technology in ag icul u e p omo es sus ainable
en i onmen s by enhancing na u al p ocesses, educing ad e se e ec s,
and enabling companies o espond o egula o y p essu e and o legi -
imise ope a ions (Asi , 2023).
Acco dingly, ag ibusiness i ms imp o e esilience, pe o mance,
and p o i maximisa ion h ough digi al capabili ies, supply chain
go e nance, and inno a i e echnology, leading o ma ke expansion
and e iciency (Lin e al., 2023; Su e al., 2023). Technological inno a-
ion e iciency enables ag ibusiness i ms o access esou ces, explo e
new ma ke s, and educe ma ke ing isks, signi ican ly co ela ing wi h
go e nmen subsidies and ex e nal suppo (Nwo oke, 2023; Singh and
Kapoo , 2023; Su e al., 2023).
Despi e he immense signi icance o echnological inno a ions in
ag ibusiness, i s adap a ion and implemen a ion emain challenging,
c ea ing a huge gap be ween ad anced and de eloping coun ies ag i-
cul u e sec o (Van Paassen e al., 2014). Fo ins ance, he lack o in-
o ma ion sha ing and managemen along he ag icul u al supply chain
has esul ed in high ood aud in ag icul u al ma ke ing (Banno e al.,
2023). A ecen s udy by Obonyo e al. (2023) ound scan y in o ma ion
sha ing in he A ican pe ishable ag i ood supply chain, wi h adi ional
communica ion being one o he a ibu es o poo in o ma ion sha ing
along he alue chain. Likewise, good managemen p ac ices o in o -
ma ion documen a ion and sha ing can enable ag ibusiness i ms o
de elop obus supply chain esilience, inc ease p o i , educe he inci-
dence o aud and es o e he in eg i y o he ood supply chain (Owo
e al., 2023; Banno e al., 2023). Digi aliza ion wi hin he ag icul u al
alue chain can also encou age he symme ic low o in o ma ion,
helping ac o s educe p oduc ion cos s and gain a compe i i e ma ke
ad an age (Lin e al., 2023).
Top ag ibusiness i ms a e c ucial in ag icul u al digi alisa ion,
p o iding guidance, suppo , and in o ma ion on smallholde a me s’
inno a ions, ma ke s, and dis ibu ion channels (Lin e al., 2023). I is
wo h no ing ha he in oduc ion o new ag icul u al echnological
inno a ions does no necessa ily gua an ee hei in ense use by ag i-
p eneu s; he e o e, ag i- ech ins i u ions mus i s unde s and he
needs o a me s and he na u e o ag ibusiness indus ies in de eloping
coun ies when de eloping new echnologies in e amping he sec o s
(Singh and Kapoo , 2023).
Ba ie s and challenges in he ag ibusiness indus y (Clus e 5)
The ag ibusiness indus y in Asia and A ica looks p omising, gi en
he inc easing expo a ion o indus ial aw ma e ials globally; howe e ,
he sec o is aced wi h nume ous challenges hampe ing i s g ow h.
Some o he challenges include inadequa e esea ch ocus on he needs
o small and medium ag ibusiness en e p ises, poo ma ke and u al
in as uc u e ha suppo ma ke ope a ions (pa icula ly oads and
powe ) (Kilelu e al., 2022), poo legal and con ac ual p o ec ion o
a me s, lack o well-s uc u ed land enu e and g abbing sys ems
(Ve meulen e al., 2008; Lisk, 2015; Musa e al., 2018; Dell’ Angelo
e al., 2021; Khan e al., 2023), nascen de elopmen o alue chain in
comme cial and high- alue c ops, and p oduc i i y s agna ion due o
poo inpu s ma ke (e.g., seed, ag ochemicals, and e ilise ) (Nkwa-
sibwe e al., 2015; Ba zola e al., 2020; Den oni e al., 2020).
Con e sely, a low le el o echnological and inno a ion ad ance-
men has esul ed in a high le el o pos ha es losses be ween a m and
ma ke , which has c ea ed limi ed access o app op ia e mode n ech-
nology and limi ed echnical capaci y o smallholde a me s and ag o-
p ocessing indus ies (Tanui e al., 2012; Obe lack e al., 2016; Chilema
and Ragasa, 2020; Su yaning a e al., 2021). Poo a m managemen
p ac ices on he pa o p oduce s pose a challenge ha has impac ed
ag icul u al lands o some ime now and caused ecosys em dis up ion
(A ian i e al., 2023). Again, policy cons ain s on he pa o in-
s i u ions such as eeble esea ch-ex ension-educa ion linkage, poo
policy and go e nance egula ion s uc u e, poo go e nance e o ms
owa ds economic libe a ion and ma ke access (Baiyegunhi e al., 2019;
Da is and Sulaiman, 2014; Dossou e al., 2023), limi ed connec ion o
egional o wo ld ma ke , and disconnec ion be ween ag icul u al ed-
uca ion and ag ibusiness needs ha e hampe ed he g ow h o he ag i-
cul u al sec o in de eloping coun ies (Bye lee and Deininge , 2013;
Bellema e and Bloem, 2018; Ma liyah e al., 2018; E ickson and Faus i,
2021).
The bu densome na u e o axa ion and en i onmen al egula ions
on ag ibusiness i ms make i challenging o ag ibusinesses o e ec-
i ely execu e hei ope a ions (Rajaei e al., 2011; Dossou e al., 2023;
Kumi and Banno , 2023). Meanwhile, assessing and dealing wi h he
ba ie s and cons ain s in he ag ibusiness indus y would c ea e
enabling en i onmen s ha can ensu e he g ow h and de elopmen o
he ag ibusiness indus y (B enya e al., 2022). Mo e so, ackling he
challenges a bo h local and in e na ional le els can help con ibu e o
sus ainable de elopmen goals and enhance he sec o ’s abili y o
capi alise on he oppo uni ies o e ed by globalisa ion in A ica and
Asia.
Conclusion
This s udy sys ema ically examined he scope o he ag ibusiness
indus y and i s gaps in mee ing he eme ging ma ke demands in A ica
and Asia.. The s udy adop ed he PRISMA app oach in e ie ing 122
pape s published wi hin a decade-and-a-hal -yea ange om he elec-
onic da abases o Scopus and Google Schola . Bibliome ic s a is ical
ools such as Excel, VOS iewe , and R-package Bibliome ix we e
employed o analyse he da a. We ound ha publica ions on he ag i-
business gaps in eme ging ma ke s ha e inc eased o e he pas i een
yea s, wi h mos jou nals expanding hei scope o posi ion he ag i-
business indus y as one o hei p io i ized issues. The e has also been a
high le el o in ellec ual collabo a ion be ween schola s in bo h de el-
oped and de eloping coun ies, wi h he majo i y o he collabo a ion
happening among esea che s in he Uni ed S a es, India, Nige ia, Sou h
A ica, China and Ghana. Jou nals in he ag ibusiness domain, pa ic-
ula ly he downs eam issues, a e limi ed. Fu he , In es men in ag i-
business esea ch p ojec s in each egion was also low, gi en he o al
numbe o publica ions ha ecei ed sponso ship om unding in-
s i u ions. Fi e majo gaps cha ac e ised he ag ibusiness sec o o
expe ience g ow h and compe e wi h he me ging ma ke compe i ion
and economic dis up ion caused by globalisa ion, including business
managemen and en ep eneu ship skills and aining gaps, inadequa e
knowledge and skills o he you h, emales and ma ginalised g oups in
ag ibusiness, and echnology and inno a ion gaps. Ba ie s and chal-
lenges such as poo go e nance and ins i u ional e o ms, social and
cul u al no ms, poo ma ke sys ems, and inadequa e low o in o ma-
ion wi hin he ag ibusiness indus y we e also iden i ied as gaps.
Implica ion o p ac ices and policy
The low le el o ag ibusiness jou nals dedica ed o downs eam
ag ibusiness s udies is wo ying and limi s s udies ele an o down-
s eam ag ibusiness s udies o p ac ice and policy. I is he e o e sug-
ges ed ha c edible publishe s de elop ag ibusiness-speci ic jou nals o
academia o ad ance esea ch in he a ea in he coming yea s. Fu he ,
unding o ag ibusiness s udies has p ima ily been om de eloped
coun ies. I be ays he commi men o de eloped coun ies’ policy-
make s o de eloping he ag ibusiness sec o . The e o e, go e nmen s
should commi unds o ag ibusiness p ojec s and esea ch p ojec s
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
18
ailo ed o sol e de eloping coun ies’ issues o spa k he necessa y
gains om he ag ibusiness sec o . Fu he , inse ing en ep eneu ial
and manage ial cu icula in o ag ibusiness educa ion and ex ension
se ices is c ucial o en ep eneu ial decisions, especially among you h.
Such aining could also be gende ed, aiming o add ess gende dis-
c epancies in ag ibusiness knowledge while p omo ing emale pa ici-
pa ion in he indus y. Mo e so, we a gue ha Ag i- ech Companies mus
also conside he needs o alue chain ac o s and unde s and he na u e
o he ag ibusiness indus y in de eloping coun ies since in oducing
new echnological inno a ions does no gua an ee in ense usage by
ag icul u al alue chain ac o s. Rega ding policy, s eng hening
esea ch-ex ension linkages and inc easing unding capaci y o esea ch
ins i u ions is necessa y o closing he gaps and ans o ming he ag i-
business indus y in bo h egions o ma ch he me ging ma ke ends
and dis up ions caused by globalisa ion.
Implica ions o u u e esea ch
The indings pose a u u e agenda o schola s o help c ea e a sus-
ainable ag icul u e sec o in A ica and Asia. Fu u e esea ch should
ocus on he ela ionship be ween he unding o ag ibusiness p ojec s by
de eloping coun ies’ in e na ional de elopmen pa ne s is-a- is
de eloping coun ies’ go e nmen s. Fu he s udies on A ican ag i-
business scien is s’ con ibu ions o ag ibusiness s udies will be in e -
es ing o s udy in he u u e. Fu he , a s udy on he ela ionship
be ween ag ibusiness educa ion and ag ip eneu ship pa icipa ion
among he you h will be in e es ing o e iew. Likewise, a e iew o
a ious pieces o aining by de eloping coun ies’ Minis y o Ag i-
cul u e pieces o aining o assess he ag ibusiness educa ion ex ension
se ices and hei impac on he you h and o he cul u ally ma ginalised
g oups such as women would be c ucial. The eminisa ion o he paid
labou o ce in ag ibusiness should be gi en wo ld ecogni ion since he
issue o gende disc epancies pe sis s in some pa s o A ica and Asia. As
we wo k owa ds ensu ing egional economic de elopmen and c ea ing
alues along he chain, alue addi ion and alue chain-d i en ag i-
business a e c ucial o educing losses and maximising alue ac o s’
income. The e o e, ag icul u al alue addi ion c ea ion should be a opic
o in e es , pa icula ly conside ing he ag o-p ocessing indus ies in
A ica and Asia. Digi alisa ion in ag icul u al supply and alue chains
can u he be explo ed as a c i ical ool in de eloping and accele a ing
he g ow h o he ag ibusiness indus y in bo h egions.
Limi a ions o he s udy
Despi e he eno mous con ibu ion o he s udy in c i ically iden i-
ying he gaps wi hin he ag ibusiness indus y in bo h con en s, he
s udy mus be iewed om a ew limi a ions. Fi s is he au ho s’ choice
o keywo ds and ph ase s ings when gene a ing he a icles. Secondly,
he de ini ion o exclusion and inclusion c i e ia se by he au ho s may
ha e esul ed in he exclusion o ele an a icles deemed app op ia e
o he s udy since we limi ed ou ocus o a icles published in A ica
and Asia. Thi dly, he op ion o he publica ion pe iod in English and
he language o publica ions may also change some o he s udy’s con-
clusions. Fu he , he p e e ence o speci ic scien i ic a icle sea ch
engines and he unexamined e ec o me hodological app oaches
adop ed on hei me i may ha e in luenced he s udy’s esul s. Also,
hough he au ho s used keywo ds ela ed o ag ip eneu ship, hey did
no use he exac keywo d in any o he sea ches and hence could ha e
missed publica ions ha could o he wise be pa o his e iew. The e-
o e, excluding he e m ag ip eneu ship should be conside ed in u u e
s udies.
Funding
This esea ch did no ecei e any speci ic g an o unding om
unding agencies in public, comme cial o nongo e nmen al
o ganisa ions.
Compe ing in e es s
The au ho s decla e ha hey ha e no compe ing in e es s.
Da a a ailabili y s a emen
The da a used o he s udy is om he Scopus da abase using key-
wo ds as indica ed in he me hodology, which is widely a ailable o any
esea che .
Au ho con ibu ion
All au ho s con ibu ed o he design, da a sea ch, analysis, in e -
p e a ion o da a, d a ing o he pape , c i ical analysis o con en ,
p oo eading, and inal app o al o he e sion o be published.
E hics app o al s a emen
None
Pe mission o ep oduce ma e ial om o he sou ces
No needed
CRediT au ho ship con ibu ion s a emen
Richa d Kwasi Banno : W i ing – e iew & edi ing, W i ing –
o iginal d a , Supe ision, Me hodology, In es iga ion, Concep ualiza-
ion. Kingsley Ko i A hu : W i ing – e iew & edi ing, W i ing –
o iginal d a , Visualiza ion, Valida ion, So wa e, In es iga ion, Fo mal
analysis, Da a cu a ion.
Decla a ion o compe ing in e es
The au ho s decla e ha hey ha e no known compe ing inancial
in e es s o pe sonal ela ionships ha could ha e appea ed o in luence
he wo k epo ed in his pape .
Appendix 1:. Desc ip i e S a is ics o Jou nal Sou ces (54 Jou nal Sou ces)
Jou nal Name No. o
Documen s
TC TLS Jou nal Name No. o
Documen s
TC TLS
Jou nal o Ag ibusiness in De eloping and
Eme ging Economies
7 36 2 China Ag icul u al Economic Re iew 1 22 0
In e na ional Food and Ag ibusiness Managemen
Re iew
5 11 1 Cogen Social Sciences 1 6 0
Jou nal o Ag icul u al Ex ension 4 23 0 Ecological Economics 1 24 0
Sus ainabili y (Swi ze land) 4 28 0 Economic And Poli ical Weekly 1 2 0
A ican Jou nal o Economic and Managemen
S udies
3 23 2 Eme ald Eme ging Ma ke s Case S udies 1 6 0
Jou nal o A ican Business 3 3 1 Ene gies 1 1 0
Jou nal o Ru al S udies 3 149 3 Engende ing Ag icul u al De elopmen : Dimensions
and S a egies
1 0 0
Ag ekon 2 29 0 En ep eneu ship: Theo y and P ac ice 1 127 3
Ag icul u al And Food Economics 2 0 1 En i onmen and U baniza ion Asia 1 1 0
(con inued on nex page)
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
19
(con inued)
Jou nal Name No. o
Documen s
TC TLS Jou nal Name No. o
Documen s
TC TLS
Cus os e Ag onegocio 2 7 0 En i onmen al Science and Pollu ion Resea ch 1 9 0
Jou nal o En e p ising Communi ies 2 5 1 Eu opean Jou nal o De elopmen Resea ch 1 6 2
Li es ock Resea ch o Ru al De elopmen 2 8 0 Eu opean Resea ch S udies Jou nal 1 1 0
Wo ld De elopmen 2 311 3 Financial Inno a ion 1 6 0
A ica Jou nal o Managemen 1 8 1 Food Policy 1 57 1
A ican Jou nal o Ag icul u al Resea ch 1 3 0 Global En i onmen al Change 1 135 0
A ican Jou nal o Food, Ag icul u e, Nu i ion and
De elopmen
1 1 1 Ids Bulle in 1 2 0
A ican Renaissance 1 2 0 Indian Jou nal o Animal Sciences 1 0 0
Ag a ian Sou h 1 20 0 Indian Jou nal o Ecology 1 0 0
Ag ibusiness 1 0 0 Indian Jou nal o Human De elopmen 1 1 0
Ag icul u al Economics (Uni ed Kingdom) 1 0 0 Indian Jou nal o Labou Economics 1 0 0
Ag icul u al Finance Re iew 1 0 0 Indian Jou nal o Ma ke ing 1 1 0
Ag icul u e and Na u al Resou ces 1 0 0 In o ma ion and Managemen 1 2 0
Ag onomy Jou nal 1 8 0 In e na ional Jou nal o Applied Business and
Economic Resea ch
1 3 0
Annual Re iew o Resou ce Economics 1 29 0 In e na ional Jou nal o Eme ging Ma ke s 1 2 0
A ab Gul Jou nal o Scien i ic Resea ch 1 0 0 In e na ional Jou nal o En ep eneu ial Beha iou
and Resea ch
1 102 0
Business S a egy and De elopmen 1 8 0 In e na ional Jou nal o En ep eneu ship 1 1 0
Chemical Enginee 1 0 0 In e na ional Jou nal o In e disciplina y Social
Sciences
1 1 0
Appendix 2:. Desc ip i e S a is ics o In ellec ual Collabo a ion Ne wo k by 49 Coun ies
Coun y No. o Documen s TC TLS Coun y TDC TC TLS
Uni ed S a es 19 733 24 F ance 2 5 6
India 16 91 4 Jo dan 2 7 4
Nige ia 13 54 4 Malawi 2 18 7
China 9 51 16 Saudi A abia 2 8 0
Ghana 9 73 5 Spain 2 39 3
Sou h A ica 9 119 1 A ghanis an 1 6 3
Indonesia 7 22 1 Aus ia 1 17 0
Kenya 7 216 10 Came oon 1 10 1
Ne he lands 7 116 18 Denma k 1 103 0
Ge many 6 309 7 E hiopia 1 204 5
Benin 5 37 6 I an 1 5 1
Canada 5 156 14 Kazakhs an 1 3 3
Aus alia 4 119 4 Kuwai 1 0 1
Egyp 4 7 1 Macau 1 3 2
I aly 4 37 9 Nepal 1 2 1
Malaysia 4 33 3 Pe u 1 29 4
Swi ze land 4 351 7 Romania 1 8 0
Uganda 4 220 12 Senegal 1 0 2
Japan 3 26 4 Singapo e 1 2 0
Pakis an 3 20 6 Sweden 1 127 1
Po ugal 3 169 3 Thailand 1 11 0
Tanzania 3 205 7 Tunisia 1 22 0
Uni ed Kingdom 3 164 7 Tu key 1 3 0
B azil 2 41 6 Zimbabwe 1 4 0
Ecuado 2 41 5
Appendix 3:. Desc ip i e s a is ics o co-occu ence o op 100 keywo ds
Keywo ds Occu ences TLS Keywo ds Occu ences TLS Keywo ds Occu ences TLS Keywo ds Occu ences TLS
Ag ibusiness 26 127 Globaliza ion 2 12 ag i-business 1 4 ag ech 1 4
en ep eneu ship 17 73 human capi al 2 10 ag i-business
incuba o
1 4 anaca dium
occiden ale
1 4
Ag icul u e 10 48 impac
e alua ion
2 8 ag i- ood 1 4 apicul u e 1 4
A ica 7 29 inno a ion 2 6 ag i- ood sec o 1 5 a che ypes 1 4
economic g ow h 6 26 in es men 2 10 ag ibusiness
di e si ica ion
1 3 Asia 1 6
Gende 5 22 Kenya 2 9 ag ibusiness
managemen
educa ion
1 3 assemblage 1 7
You h 5 26 land g ab 2 9 ag ibusiness
oca ional
g adua es
1 2 a i ude and
employmen
1 2
(con inued on nex page)
R. Kwasi Banno and K. Ko i A hu
Resea ch in Globaliza ion 8 (2024) 100214
20
(con inued)
Keywo ds Occu ences TLS Keywo ds Occu ences TLS Keywo ds Occu ences TLS Keywo ds Occu ences TLS
de eloping coun ies 4 14 la ge-scale
land
acquisi ions
2 9 ag icul u al
comme cialisa ion
1 5 a i ude-
change
1 4
ag icul u al
en ep eneu ship
3 12 La in Ame ica 2 9 ag icul u al
communi ies
1 5 Ba ley 1 3
China 3 17 mig a ion 2 14 ag icul u al
de elopmen
1 4 ba ie s o
en y
1 7
con ac a ming 3 17 mo i a ion 2 8 ag icul u al
de elopmen
d i e s
1 3 base e osion 1 2
emale labou o ce
pa icipa ion
3 11 oppo uni y 2 12 ag icul u al
ex ension
1 6 Bene i s 1 6
ood secu i y 3 11 po e y
educ ion
2 7 ag icul u al
ex ension agen s
1 2 Benin 1 7
gende inequali y 3 14 p opensi y
sco e
ma ching
2 7 ag icul u al
unding
1 4 bo n global 1 9
Pakis an 3 13 smallholde
a me s
2 9 ag icul u al
inno a ion sys em
1 3 B azil 1 7
sys ema ic li e a u e
e iew
3 11 Smes 2 11 ag icul u al labou 1 5
ag ibusinesses 2 8 sub-Saha an
A ica
2 8 ag icul u al
ma ke s
1 7
ag icul u al
ans o ma ion
2 13 success 2 9 ag icul u al
pla o ms
1 4
ag o-p ocessing 2 7 sus ainabili y 2 8 ag icul u al
se ices
1 5
bibliome ics 2 7 sus ainable
de elopmen
goals
2 9 ag icul u al
echnology i ms
1 8
business
pe o mance
2 8 Uganda 2 9 ag icul u al
aining
1 3
Challenges 2 9 alue chains 2 11 ag icul u al alue
chains
1 6
c i ical success
ac o s
2 10 women
empowe men
2 11 ag ip eneu 1 6
Educa ion 2 9 women
en ep eneu s
2 8 Ag ip eneu s 1 5
Ex ension 2 6 (un)
employmen
1 8 Ag ip eneu ship 1 6
a m size 2 9 Accessibili y 1 5 ag ip eneu ship
de elopmen
1 6
emale en ep eneu s 2 6 achie emen
needs
1 3 ag o-indus ies 1 5
emale labou o ce 2 7 agency
p oblem
1 7 ag ochemical
ade s
1 3
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