Editorial to the special issue on applications of complexity for resilient organizations, management and innovation systems

Cinco i, Sil ano; Giannocca o, Ila ia; Ponsiglione, C is ina; Pon a, Linda; Pyka,
And eas
A icle — Published Ve sion
Edi o ial o he special issue on applica ions o complexi y
o esilien o ganiza ions, managemen and inno a ion
sys ems
Jou nal o Economic In e ac ion and Coo dina ion
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
Sp inge Na u e
Sugges ed Ci a ion: Cinco i, Sil ano; Giannocca o, Ila ia; Ponsiglione, C is ina; Pon a, Linda;
Pyka, And eas (2024) : Edi o ial o he special issue on applica ions o complexi y o esilien
o ganiza ions, managemen and inno a ion sys ems, Jou nal o Economic In e ac ion and
Coo dina ion, ISSN 1860-7128, Sp inge , Be lin, Heidelbe g, Vol. 19, Iss. 2, pp. 193-200,
h ps://doi.o g/10.1007/s11403-024-00411-5
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1 3
EDITORIAL
Edi o ial o hespecial issue onapplica ions o complexi y
o  esilien o ganiza ions, managemen andinno a ion
sys ems
Sil anoCinco i1 · Ila iaGiannocca o2· C is inaPonsiglione3· LindaPon a1·
And easPyka4
Recei ed: 28 Ma ch 2024 / Accep ed: 3 Ap il 2024 / Published online: 24 Ap il 2024
© The Au ho (s) 2024
Abs ac
Welcome o he Special Issue on Applica ions o Complexi y o Resilien O ganiza-
ions, Managemen , and Inno a ion Sys ems. This Special Issue includes six a i-
cles highligh ing how complexi y science and complex sys ems app oaches can be
employed o s udy esilien aspec s in o ganiza ions, managemen and inno a ion
sys ems. Nowadays, go e nmen s, policy-make s, manage s, i ms, and o ganiza-
ions a e eques ed o ace challenges wi h possible and unp edic able dis up i e
e en s always mo e and mo e in e connec ed. Complexi y science and complex sys-
ems app oaches applied o economic and manage ial sys ems allow o model he
endogenous dynamics o a sys em as a whole and composedo he e ogeneous in e -
ac ing agen s om he bo om up. Such models open he oppo uni y o a dynamic
and sys emic app oach o in es iga e and imp o e he esilience o o ganiza ions and
inno a ion sys ems. I is c ucial o ema k ha bo h schola s and decision-make s
collabo a ed on he Special Issue o be e unde s and he ad an ages o using a sys-
emic app oach (i.e., complexi y science and complex sys ems app oaches) in a eas
whe e such me hodologies ha e no been conside ed so a , i.e., o ganiza ion, inno-
a ion, and managemen . To aid in his endea o , he pape s included in he Special
Issue in es iga e di e en concep ual and me hodological aspec s applied in di e -
en con ex s and open a new is a on he oppo uni y o e ed by complexi y science
and complex sys ems app oaches o ace esea ch and p o essional ques ions in he
a eas o o ganiza ion, managemen , and inno a ion.
Keywo ds Complexi y· Resilience· O ganiza ion· Managemen · Inno a ion
sys ems
Ex ended au ho in o ma ion a ailable on he las page o he a icle
194
S.Cinco i e al.
1 3
1 In oduc ion
In his wo ld ull o challenges and unp edic able and dis up i e e en s such as he
COVID-19 pandemic, complexi y heo y and complex sys ems app oaches a e e y
use ul in suppo ing decision-making p ocesses o go e nmen s, policymake s,
manage s, companies, and o ganiza ions (Cinco i e al. 2022; Teglio e  al. 2019;
Pon a e al. 2018a; Ricce i e  al. 2022). Mo eo e , hey pe mi he modelling o
complex sys em beha iou s, ep oducing he in e nal dynamics o he whole sys-
em om he bo om-up, ocusing on i s mic oelemen s such as he agen s, hei
a ibu es, ac ions, goals, and he ne wo k s uc u e (and ype o ela ionships) ha
connec hem. Fu he mo e, hey can deal wi h unce ain y and esilience including
he abili y o lea n and adap (Cinco i e al. 2010; Pon a e al. 2011; C uciani e al.
2017).
Complex sys ems can be ound e e ywhe e in o ganiza ions, managemen , and
inno a ion sys ems (see Ping e al. 2024). They include mul iple scales, om he
mac o le el, e e ing o indus ies, ma ke s, and coun ies, o he mic o le el,
in ol ing i ms, wo k eams, and indi iduals (Fa me e al. 2012, Villani e al.
2022). Thus, he applica ion o complexi y heo y spans mul iple con ex s and
a eas (Khan e  al. 2019; Clemen is e  al. 2019; G een 2023; Holcombe e  al.
2013; Gue ci e al. 2005; Pe o ić e al. 2020).
F om a me hodological poin o iew, he s udy o complexi y in mode n o gani-
za ions equi es dynamic and sys emic app oaches. In his ega d, me hodologies
based on agen -based modelling and ne wo ks a e e y sui able (Pon a and Cinco i
2018; Rabe o e al. 2012; Mazzocche i e al. 2020). The agen -based simula ions
a e pa icula ly lexible, allowing o s udying—in a well-con olled way—bo h he
consequences o agen s’ beha iou , as well as he beha iou o he en i e sys em.
Agen -based models a e ypical ools o s udying complex sys ems and, so a , ha e
mainly been used in economics and inance (Ozel e al. 2019; Rabe o e al. 2001,
2019; Teglio e al. 2019; Pas o e e al. 2010; Pon a e al. 2018b; Samanidou e al.
2007; Ki man 1997; Caiani e al. 2016; Ga i e al. 2010; Ah weile e al. 2011; Gil-
be e al. 2014). Recen ly, hey ha e alsobeen used in many di e en ields, such as
managemen and o ganiza ion (Ponsiglione e al. 2021; Giannocca o 2011; He e a-
Res epo and T ian is 2019; Pon a e al. 2020, 2023; Jiang e al. 2016; Rand and
S umme 2021; Ma and Nakamo i 2005; Amini e al. 2012). Howe e , as no ed by
Phillips and Ri ala (2019), mixed me hods wi h a combina ion o quali a i e and
quan i a i e app oaches can be also use ul in in es iga ing o ganiza ions, manage-
men , and inno a ion sys ems in ligh o he complex adap i e sys ems app oach.
Thus, he main esea ch ques ions ou lined in he special issue add ess he use o
complexi y in a ious economic and managemen se ings.
This special issue collec s six pape s in es iga ing di e en concep ual and
me hodological aspec s ela ed o he use o complex sys ems. Sabol (2024)
analyzes he ela ionship be ween complexi y and inno a ion. Guida e al. (2024),
Mo one e al. (2023), and Passa an i e al. (2024), ocus on ad ancing knowledge
on me hodological aspec s sui able o model he complexi y o o ganiza ions,
195
1 3
Edi o ial o hespecial issue onapplica ions o complexi y…
managemen , and inno a ion sys ems. Cice elli and Ra e i (2023), and Bu kus
e al. (2024) explo e he ela ionships be ween complexi y and esilience.
2 The con ibu ions o hespecial issue
All he pape s included in his special issue deal wi h se e al inno a ion opicsin
managemen esea ch. In pa icula , Sabol (2024) in es iga es inno a ion dynam-
ics in he con ex o municipal ecosys ems; Guida e al. (2024) s udy he ole o
imi a ion, a less cos ly al e na i e o expe imen a ion, wi h espec o he explo-
a ion, exploi a ion, and o ganiza ional lea ning; Mo one e  al. (2023) analyze
he esilience o socioeconomic sys ems unde condi ions o c ises and ex e nal
shocks, conside ing he impac o social/beha io al ules and social ne wo ks
s uc u e on he p ocess o knowledge di usion. Passa an i e al. (2024) in es-
iga e he ole o in o ma ion asymme ies and mo al haza ds in he inancing
sys em o New Technology-Based Fi ms (NTBFs); Cice elli and Ra e i (2023)
in es iga e he ela ionship among sus ainabili y, complexi y, and o ganiza ional
esilience in he elec ical and elec onic equipmen indus y; Bu kus e al. (2024)
add ess he opic o esilience in public sec o o ganiza ions.
Me hodologies and scopes may di e ac oss pape s bu hey all sha e he idea
ha complexi y heo y and he complex sys ems app oach a e needed o be e
unde s and o ganiza ional and inno a ion sys ems and o suppo he design o
policy measu es and in e en ions owa d esilience.
Sabol (2024) uses a mixed me hods app oach o build a no el amewo k sup-
po ing he unde s anding o he inno a i e beha io s in a Municipal Inno a ion
Ecosys em. Fi s ly, quali a i e da a we e collec ed by pe son- o-pe son semi-
s uc u ed in e iews o be e in o m he second s age o quan i a i e da a col-
lec ion h ough a su ey. The s uc u al model ob ained was es ed using PLS-
Sem Me hod. Guida e al. (2024) use an agen -based model o pe o m wha -i
analyses o explo e how wo dis inc agen ypes, i.e. hose who imi a e and hose
who expe imen , in e ac and in luence each o he . Mo one e al. (2023) adop an
agen -based modelling app oach o in es iga e he impac o di e en beha io-
al/sociological ules and social in e ac ion s uc u es on he knowledge di usion
p ocess and economic pe o mances o he sys em. The s udy inco po a es social
ne wo k analysis o examine he e ec s o di e en social ne wo k s uc u es on
e iciency, equi y, and sus ainabili y- esilience in knowledge di usion. Passa an i
e al. (2024) employ a con igu a i e app oach buil on i e accessible signals in
he con ex o Quali a i e Compa a i e Analysis (QCA). Cice elli and Ra e o
employ an in-dep h longi udinal case s udy o build a concep ual amewo k use-
ul o ela e sus ainabili y and complexi y managemen o o ganiza ional esil-
ience and compe i i eness issues in he elec ical and elec onics indus y. Bu -
kus e al. (2024) p opose an empi ical analysis o p esen a esilience amewo k
consis ing o Planning, Adap a ion, and Enhanced lea ning, which is alida ed
empi ically by su eying 401 public sec o o ganiza ions ha can be used as he
basis o u u e simula ions.
196
S.Cinco i e al.
1 3
This Special Issue, he e o e, e lec s he he e ogenei y in e ms o analyzed op-
ics and used me hodologies ha cha ac e ize he cu en s a e o he a in he ield
o complexi y app oach o managemen , o ganiza ion, and inno a ion sys ems. In he
ollowing, we p o ide a sho desc ip ion o each wo k included in his publica ion.
Sabol (2024) analyzes municipal inno a ion ecosys ems ocusing on in ape -
sonal and in e pe sonal esou ces. The pape aims o de elop a amewo k and no el
cons uc s o be adop ed o assess he inno a ion beha iou s o he e ogeneous indi-
iduals in he analyzed con ex o a ci y ecosys em. A mixed-me hod me hodologi-
cal app oach is adop ed, employing quali a i e and quan i a i e da a and echniques,
o answe he esea ch ques ion. The ield esea ch is pe o med using a speci ic se -
ing: Mobile, a po ci y on Alabama’s Gul Coas . The main esul s conce n he
de elopmen o a no el amewo k and ela ed cons uc s o analyze how mo ing
om an indi idual le el, inno a i e beha io s can be induced and s eng hened in a
municipal ecosys em. In pa icula , indings sugges ha he in ape sonal esou ces
o indi iduals and in ense social in e ac ions o hese indi iduals wi h municipal
ins i u ions can con ibu e o he de elopmen o inno a ion a he ci y and egional
le els.
De eloping an agen -based model Guida e al. (2024) explo e he ole o imi a ion
in he explo a ion–exploi a ion dilemma. The esul s e eal ha imi a o s dec ease
hei pe o mance in he p esence o in ensi ied compe i ion, whe eas explo e s a e
hinde ed in hei a emp s a adical inno a ion due o he p esence o o he explo -
e s and clus e s o imi a o s. Thus, Guida e al. (2024) p o ide no el insigh s in o
he dynamics o o ganiza ional lea ning and s a egic decision-making.
Mo one e  al. (2023) analyze how knowledge di usion p ocesses in socioeco-
nomic sys ems a e a ec ed by di e en beha iou al/sociological ules, s udying
he implica ions o di e se social ne wo k s uc u es on e iciency, equi y, and sus-
ainabili y o esilience in knowledge di usion. The knowledge di usion p ocess is
amed as a complex p ocess occu ing h ough social in e ac ions among he e oge-
neous agen s in a socie y. Using an agen -based model and social ne wo k analyses,
he esea ch shows ha di e en beha iou al/sociological ules induced by di e se
social ne wo k s uc u es ha e a ying e ec s on he knowledge di usion p ocess,
wi h social s uc u es cha ac e ized by bo h s ong ies (in ense con ac s wi hin com-
muni ies) and weak ies (knowledge spillo e ac oss communi ies) ou pe o ming
o he s du ing c ises in e ms o be e pe o mances. The pape con ibu es, om
a heo e ical and me hodological pe spec i e o a be e unde s anding o how he
coexis ence o weak and s ong ies in socioeconomic sys ems suppo s he inding
o  he igh ade-o be ween e iciency and equi y owa ds lea ning and be e eco-
nomic pe o mances.
Using a uzzy-se Quali a i e Compa a i e Analysis ( sQCA), Passa an i e  al.
(2024) in es iga e he in luence o in o ma ion asymme ies and mo al haza ds in
he inancing sys em o New Technology-Based Fi ms (NTBFs). Resul s help o
imp o eou unde s anding o he dynamics be ween NTBFs and in es o s, and in
pa icula on he in e play o a ious ac o s ha in luence he inancing ou comes.
Cice elli and Ra e o explo e he in ica e ela ionship be ween di e en dimen-
sions o complexi y, he managemen o sus ainabili y issues, and he esilience
and compe i i eness o companies and p oduc ion sys ems in he elec ical and

197
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Edi o ial o hespecial issue onapplica ions o complexi y…
elec onic equipmen indus y. The s udy adop s an in-dep h longi udinal case s udy
app oach applied o an I alian B2B company; esul s show ha h ee co e dimen-
sions o complexi y a ec sus ainabili y solu ions a he company le el: in e nal,
supply chain, and ex e nal. The esea ch also highligh s he challenges and oppo u-
ni ies o e ed by managing complexi ies in he p oduc ion sys ems in he elec onics
indus y, e ealing he highe possibili ies o sus ainable inno a ion ans e when
adequa e me ics and in o ma ion lows a e es ablished in he complex en i onmen
unde in es iga ion.
Combining a sys ema ic li e a u e e iew and a quan i a i e empi ical in es iga-
ion Bu kus e al. (2024) p opose and es a amewo k o o ganisa ional esilience in
he public sec o . The empi ical in es iga ion analyses he Li huanian public sec o
o ganisa ions explains he ela ionships among he model dimensions and iden i ies
Planning, Adap a ion, and Enhanced Lea ning as c i ical phases o explain o gani-
sa ional esilience. Resul s o e a model o heo y de elopmen o unde s and he
dimensions o he esilience o complex adap i e public sec o o ganisa ions and
how hey in e ela e wi h each o he .
3 Concluding ema ks and u u e di ec ions
Collec i ely, he pape s included in he Special Issue poin ou how adop ing he
complexi y app oach, including adequa e concep ual and me hodological pe spec-
i es, can help in ad ancing he unde s anding o o ganiza ions, managemen and
inno a ion sys ems, pa icula ly unde unce ain y and shocks. The pape s also show
he need o in eg a ed me hods, whe e he adi ional me hodologies a e combined
wi h complex sys ems ypical app oaches. Fo example, Sabol (2024) and Bu kus
e al. (2024) in eg a e mixed classical me hodologies like su eys and eg essions
wi h p inciples o complex adap i e sys ems; Cice elli and Ra e o (2023) and Pas-
sa an i e  al. (2024) use longi udinal case s udies and he con igu a i e app oach
adop ed wi h he pe spec i e o complexi y; Guida e al. (2024) and Mo one e al.
(2023) de elop agen -based models which a e e y use ul o he wha -i analyses,
including also social ne wo k analysis elemen s.
In addi ion, he ecen ad en and sp ead o he a ailabili y o new echnolo-
gies o massi e da a collec ion o e s new oppo uni ies o schola s. They pe mi
o measu e and e alua e complex sys em dynamics h ough da a-d i en me hodolo-
gies. By p o iding au oma ic and mo e objec i e measu emen s o indi idual, eam,
and i m beha iou s, hese ools can e icien ly collec a la ge amoun o eal- ime
da a,—inc easing he da a ichness, quali y, and eliabili y. This aspec allows o
opening o new scena ios o he ad ancemen o models and ools (like hose based
on simula ions and i ual expe imen a ion) ha could help suppo e ec i ely no
only heo y building bu also policy-making.
Funding Open Access unding enabled and o ganized by P ojek DEAL.
198
S.Cinco i e al.
1 3
Decla a ions
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inancial. Sil ano Cinco i is an Associa e Edi o o he Jou nal o Economic In e ac ion and Coo dina ion.
E hical app o al The Au ho (s) decla e(s) ha e hics app o al is no applicable o he esea ch, as he
a icle does no epo on o in ol e any humans, human da a.
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Publishe ’s No e Sp inge Na u e emains neu al wi h ega d o ju isdic ional claims in published maps
and ins i u ional a ilia ions.
Au ho s and A ilia ions
Sil anoCinco i1 · Ila iaGiannocca o2· C is inaPonsiglione3· LindaPon a1·
And easPyka4
* And eas Pyka
[email p o ec ed]
Sil ano Cinco i
Sil ano.Cinco [email protected]
Ila ia Giannocca o
[email p o ec ed]
C is ina Ponsiglione
[email p o ec ed]
Linda Pon a
[email p o ec ed]
1 DIME-DOGE, Uni e si y o Genoa, Via Ope a Pia 15, 16145Genoa, I aly
2 Depa men o Mechanics, Ma hema ics, andManagemen , Poli ecnico di Ba i, Ba i, I aly
3 Depa men o Indus ial Enginee ing, Uni e si y o Naples Fede ico II, Naples, I aly
4 Depa men o Inno a ion Economics (520I), Uni e si y o Hohenheim, S u ga , Ge many